Abstract: A cutter includes an arc main body having a clamping groove in which a steel pipe may be putted, a plurality of bearings are mounted on the inner side of the main body, a fixed platform is arranged at the back end of the main body, a fixed block is fixed on the fixed platform, a lead-screw drive group penetrates the fixed block, the lead-screw drive group comprises a slide bar and a lead screw, the slide bar penetrates the fixed block, the lead screw is arranged on the slide bar and matches with the slide bar, a blade is mounted at the front end of the slide bar, the back end of the lead screw is connected with a gear drive group, the gear drive group is connected with a handle, and the fixed block is provided with a toothed fastener matching with a groove on the lead screw.

Abstract: A guiding device for a saw band or a sawblade of a sawing machine is provided, which has at least one holder with at least one gliding part and/or at least one roll for an at least temporary gliding and/or rolling contact with the saw band or sawblade. The at least one gliding part and/or the at least one roll is provided on the holder in a movable fashion in reference to the holder, with the at least one gliding part and/or the at least one roll being movable in reference to the holder via at least one piezo-actuator, essentially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the saw band or sawblade. A sawing machine with such a guiding device is also provided.

Abstract: Method and device for guiding a tool in a recurring application of a product moved along an X-axis, wherein the tool is mounted on the Z-carriage of a cross guide and is moved therewith along the Z-axis standing perpendicular on the X-axis, wherein the Z-carriage is mounted on the X-carriage of the cross guide, the guide of which is mounted along the X-axis in a base plane, wherein the X-carriage is driven with an X-drive, wherein the Z-carriage is driven by a Z-drive, which is held stationary in the base plane and has a traction means driven by a first servo motor provided for the drive of the Z-carriage, which is driven from the base plane on the movable Z-carriage.

Abstract: A method for producing gears, wherein in a first step a set of teeth is formed by means of a skiving wheel rotationally driven by a tool spindle in a workpiece gear rotationally driven synchronously thereto by a workpiece spindle, wherein the workpiece spindle and the tool spindle are at an axis intersection angle to each other and the advancement occurs in the tooth-flank extension direction, and wherein in a second step at least some teeth of the set of teeth are machined by means of a tooth-machining tool. A combined tool is used, in the case of which the toothmachining tool and the skiving wheel are fixedly connected to each other. Between the two steps, the combined tool remains connected to the tool spindle and the workpiece gear remains connected to the workpiece spindle. Between the two steps, merely the relative position of the tool spindle in relation to the workpiece spindle and the rotational speed ratio of the two spindles are changed.

Abstract: A thread tap includes a shaft and teeth. The shaft includes helical passages from the threading end to the base end of the shaft. Each passage opens through an aperture in the threading end. A second tap includes a cap and the shaft includes an axially extending passage. The cap is coupled to the threading end and at least partially defines apertures in fluid communication with the passage and the exterior of the tap. A third tap includes teeth spaced apart by a plurality of linear flutes. The shaft includes a central passage and a plurality of flute passages. Each flute passage extends radially outward from a common location in the central passage to a corresponding one of the flutes. The central passage is closed to a terminal end of the threading end.

Abstract: A resistance soldering apparatus suited for soldering an electrical terminal to a glass surface and a method of using such an apparatus is described herein. The resistance soldering apparatus includes an electrode having a distal tip and an electrical terminal having a first major surface in which an indentation is defined and a second major surface opposite the first major surface on which a layer of a solder composition is disposed. The indentation is configured to receive the distal tip of the electrode. The distal tip of the electrode is placed within the indentation and an electrical current is passed through the electrode and the electrical terminal, The electrical current is sufficient to heat the electrode and melt the solder composition on the second major surface.

Abstract: Use of an aluminium composite material in a thermal joining method, said material consisting of at least one aluminium core alloy and at least one external brazing layer consisting of an aluminium brazing alloy provided on one or both sides of the aluminium core alloy, wherein the aluminium brazing layer has a pickled surface. Reduced costs and a lower environmental impact is achieved by using an aluminium composite material in which the pickled surface of the aluminium brazing layer had been pickled by pickling with an acid, aqueous pickling solution containing at least one mineral acid and at least one complex-forming agent or a complexing mineral acid, wherein the removal of material in the pickling is between 0.05 g/m2 and 6 g/m2, the aluminium composite material is used in a flux-free, thermal joining method, and the joining method is carried out in the presence of a protective gas.

Abstract: A printing device includes a storage that stores allowable time for which use of solder supplied to a screen mask can be allowed, a timer that measures time for which the solder is supplied to the screen mask, a determination unit that determines whether or not the solder supplied to the screen mask has exceeded the allowable time based on time measured by the timer, and a notifier that notifies a worker in a case where the determination unit determines that the solder supplied to the screen mask has exceeded the allowable time. The timer measures time by weighting a measurement interval of time for which the solder is moved on the screen mask by a squeegee so as to become greater than a measurement interval of time for which the solder does not move on the screen mask.

Abstract: A system and method for limiting welding output and ancillary features is provided. In one embodiment, a portable generator system includes a power generator configured to generate electrical power appropriate for welding or plasma cutting. The generator system also includes power conversion circuitry coupled to the power generator and configured to receive power from the power generator and to provide output power. The generator system includes at least operator accessible input for receiving an operator input parameter. The generator system also includes an output power limiting device not adjustable by the operator and configured to selectively limit output power from the power conversion circuitry.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a welding system includes an interface with a first input element configured to receive an input relating to a parameter of power delivered to a welding torch from a welding power supply, a second input element configured to receive an input relating to a rate of advancement of an electrode delivered to the welding torch from a welding wire feeder, a third input element configured to receive an input relating to whether the parameter of power and the rate of advancement of the electrode are automatically set, and a color display device configured to display the parameter of power and the rate of advancement of the electrode.

Abstract: Welding headwear comprises one or more image sensors, processing circuitry, and a display. The image sensor(s) are operable to capture an image of an unpowered weld torch as the torch passes along a joint of a workpiece to be welded. The processing circuitry is operable to: determine, through processing of pixel data of the image, one or more welding parameters as the torch passes along the joint to be welded; generate, based on the one or more welding parameters, a simulated weld bead; and superimpose on the image, in real time as the torch passes along the joint, the simulated weld bead on the joint. The display is operable to present, in real time as the torch passes along the joint, the image with the simulated bead overlaid on it.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided herein for measuring 3D apparatus (e.g., manual tool or tool accessory) orientation. Example implementations use an auto-nulling algorithm that incorporates a quaternion-based unscented Kalman filter. Example implementations use a miniature inertial measurement unit endowed with a tri-axis gyro and a tri-axis accelerometer. The auto-nulling algorithm serves as an in-line calibration procedure to compensate for the gyro drift, which has been verified to significantly improve the estimation accuracy in three-dimensions, especially in the heading estimation.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to communicate via a weld cable are disclosed. An example welding-type power supply includes a power converter, a receiver circuit, and a controller. The power converter converts input power to welding-type power based on a weld voltage setpoint and to output the welding-type power via a weld circuit. The receiver circuit receives a communication via the weld circuit while current is flowing through the weld circuit or after the current has stopped flowing through the weld circuit. The communication includes weld voltage feedback information measured at a device remote from the power supply while the current is flowing through the weld circuit. The controller controls the welding-type power output by the power converter according to a voltage feedback loop using the weld voltage feedback information to regulate a weld voltage at the remote device to the weld voltage setpoint.

Abstract: A welding torch system includes a receiving assembly to receive a contact tip and a welding nozzle. The welding torch system also includes a locking element that retains the contact tip in a partially secure position. Further, the welding torch system includes the welding nozzle configured to couple to the receiving assembly to retain the contact tip in a fully secure position.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a welding system having a welder, a welding gun, and a welding gun adapter, the welding gun being a spool gun with an attached motor. The welding gun adapter receives welding power from the welder, and converts it to output power suitable for driving the motor of the welding gun. The welding gun adapter also uses received welding power from the welder for control power. The present techniques allow for the use of welding guns requiring motor power to be used with any ordinary welder.

Abstract: A stored time variation curve and cumulative amount of heat generated of each step are each used as a target. In the case where a time variation of an instantaneous amount of heat generated per unit volume differs from the time variation curve in any of the steps, a current passage amount is controlled in order to compensate for the difference within a remaining welding time in the step so that a cumulative amount of heat generated per unit volume in actual welding matches the stored cumulative amount of heat generated in the test welding. Further, in the case where expulsion is detected in any of the steps, then in subsequent welding, the cumulative amount of heat generated per unit volume used as the target is reduced, and the current passage amount is adjusted in accordance with the reduced cumulative amount of heat generated per unit volume.

Abstract: A system and method of welding or additive manufacturing is provided where at least two welding electrodes are provided to and passed through a two separate orifices on a single contact tip and a welding waveform is provided to the electrodes through the contact tip to weld simultaneously with both electrodes, where a bridge droplet is formed between the electrodes and then transferred to the puddle.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing system includes at least one imaging device configured to direct electromagnetic radiation towards a build layer of a component positioned within a powder bed of the additive manufacturing system. The additive manufacturing system also includes at least one detector configured to detect the electromagnetic radiation that reflects from the build layer.

Abstract: Laser cutting systems and methods are described herein. One or more systems include a laser generating component, an optical component, a fixture for holding a support with a part positioned on the support, and a control mechanism for adjusting at least one of the laser generating component, the optical component, and the fixture such that a ratio of a laser energy applied to the part and a part material thickness is maintained within a predetermined acceptable range at each point along a cut path to cut through the part while maintaining the integrity of the support. Other systems and methods are disclosed herein.

Abstract: In a laser processing apparatus for refining magnetic domains of a grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet by setting a laser beam to be focused on the grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet and scanned in a scanning direction, the laser beam focused on the grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet is linearly polarized light, and the angle between the linear polarization direction and the scanning direction is equal to or higher than 0° and lower than 45°.

Abstract: A scanner head for laser material processing with a laser beam includes focusing optics, and a beam position system that influences a position of the laser beam and is upstream of the focusing optics in a direction of propagation of the laser beam. The beam position system includes at least two controllable movable optical elements by means of which an angle of incidence of the laser beam on a processing surface of a workpiece is adjustable. A processing location of the laser beam on the processing surface is also movable in two dimensions. A beam position sensor is downstream of the beam position system and is configured to detect an actual position of the laser beam or at least four independent position parameters of the laser beam.

Abstract: A metal powder additive manufacturing system and method are disclosed that use increased trace amounts of oxygen to improve physical attributes of an object. The system may include: a processing chamber; a metal powder bed within the processing chamber; a melting element configured to sequentially melt layers of metal powder on the metal powder bed to generate an object; and a control system configured to control a flow of a gas mixture within the processing chamber from a source of inert gas and a source of an oxygen containing material, the gas mixture including the inert gas and oxygen from the oxygen containing material. The method may result in an object having a surface porosity of no greater than approximately 0.1%, and an effective density of greater than approximately 99.9%.

Abstract: A welding system for welding a first elongated element and a second elongated element together by a laser beam that is emitted from a laser welding head after the ideal welding center point of the aligned first and second elongated elements has been positioned at a focal point of the laser beam that is emitted from the laser welding head.

Abstract: A rolling type 3D printing device for recycling powders and an operation method thereof are provided. The rolling type 3D printing device has a rolling mechanism, at least one optical module, and a powder conveying module. The rolling mechanism holds a workpiece and receives powders. Cylindrical or cone workpieces can be laminated by the rolling type 3D printing device through the design of the rolling mechanism.

Abstract: In a laser machining apparatus, a controller is configured to perform: supplying an initial drive current to a pump light emitting device during an initial drive current supply period; controlling a scanner to start scanning a laser beam emitted from a laser beam emitting device after a standby period has elapsed from a start of supplying the initial drive current; and supplying a prescribed drive current to the pump light emitting device after the initial drive current supply period has elapsed, a prescribed drive current value being smaller than an initial drive current value, the pump light emitting device emitting the pump light having prescribed light intensity upon receipt of the prescribed drive current, the laser beam emitting device emitting the laser beam having prescribed beam intensity when the pump light having the prescribed light intensity is incident upon the laser beam emitting device.

Abstract: An electrode for electrical discharge machining (EDM) may comprise a diffuser portion and a tapered portion defining the tip of the electrode. A method for forming a film cooling hole may comprise moving a tool with respect to a film cooled gaspath component, forming a diffuser of the film cooling hole in response to the moving, and forming a tapered surface between a metering section and the diffuser of the film cooling hole.

Abstract: Provided is a solder alloy, a solder ball, a chip solder, a solder paste and a solder joint in which discoloration is suppressed and a growth of an oxide film is suppressed under a high temperature and high humidity environment. The solder alloy contains 0.005% by mass or more and 0.1% by mass or less of Mn, 0.001% by mass or more and 0.1% by mass or less of Ge and more than 0% by mass and 4% by mass or less of Ag, and a principal ingredient of remainder is Sn.

Abstract: A method of assembling a heat exchanger includes the steps of fluidly connecting a plurality of first heat exchanger tubes to a first connecting tube portion at an assembly location to form a first subassembly, fluidly connecting a plurality of second heat exchanger tubes to a second connecting tube portion at the assembly location to form a second subassembly, transporting the first subassembly and the second subassembly from the assembly location to an installation location, and connecting the first subassembly to the second subassembly at a single connection point between the first connecting tube portion and the second tube connecting portion.

Abstract: A dismantling mechanism with convex curved backplate and dismantling device for a display module are disclosed. The dismantling mechanism for the display module includes: a screen fixture configured to carry and secure a screen of the display module when dismantling the display module; a convex curved backplate arranged opposite to the screen fixture, configured to support a cover board of the display module when dismantling the display module; a moveable first dismantling structure configured to drive a first end of the cover board to move in a direction adjacent to the convex curved backplate when dismantling the display module; a first actuator connected with the first dismantling structure and configured to drive the first dismantling structure to move; and a second dismantling structure configured to at least partially support a second end of the cover board away from the first end when dismantling the display module.

Abstract: A jig device includes an upper end configured to support an object, and a lower end comprising a hole for insertion and coupling of the upper end in an upper portion and an air inlet and an opening and closing portion configured to open and close the air inlet, in a lower portion. A position of the upper end is configured to be fixed at a point in time at which the air inlet is closed due to air pressure that occurs inside the lower end in response to closing the air inlet.

Abstract: A machine tool having a tool magazine for changing a tool attached to a spindle is equipped with an initial operation speed setting unit configured to set the operation speed of the tool magazine to an initial operation speed, an operation speed adjusting unit configured to be operated by the user to thereby adjust the operation speed of the tool magazine relative to the initial operation speed, an actuator configured to actuate the tool magazine, an operation speed acquisition unit configured to acquire the operation speed of the tool magazine after adjustment of the operation speed made by the operation speed adjusting unit, and an actuator control unit configured to control the actuator to actuate the tool magazine at the operation speed acquired by the operation speed acquisition unit.

Abstract: A machine tool with work transferring mechanism provided with a work transferring mechanism which transfers a work and receives/delivers the work from/to a main spindle. In the front-rear direction, the space inside the machine tool is divided via a shutter into a machining space in which the main spindle is arranged and a transferring space in which the work transferring mechanism transfers the work. The work transferring mechanism is equipped with a work retainer retaining the work and a moving mechanism moving the work retainer. While the work attached to the main spindle is machined, the work retainer is preliminarily moved by the moving mechanism to a vicinity of the main spindle via the shutter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display manufacturing field. Disclosed is a substrate clamping device. The substrate is arranged on the trolley. The clamping arms arranged on the trolley are used for fixing the substrate. The clamping arms move up and down as rotating by means of the rotary lifting mechanism, thereby clamping and releasing the substrate. The impact on the substrate is small in the entire clamping process, and the handling of the substrate is facilitated. The clamping arms arranged around the substrate and symmetrically arranged in pair can keep the force of the substrate uniformly and can clamp the substrate more reliably.

Abstract: An industrial machine including an actuator, a gear reducer, a cutter drum, a cutter bit, a sensor, and a controller. The gear reducer is configured to receive a first rotational energy from the actuator and output a second rotational energy. The cutter drum is supported by a chassis. The cutter drum is driven by the second rotational energy. The cutter bit is coupled to the cutter drum. The sensor is configured to sense a characteristic of the industrial machine. The controller, having a processor and memory, is configured to receive the characteristic of the industrial machine, determine a cutting efficiency based on the characteristic of the industrial machine, and output the cutting efficiency.

Abstract: A manufacturing system includes a base and multiple work machine modules that are attachable and detachable to and from the base arranged in the arrangement direction on the base or on the side of the base, in which the plurality of work machine modules include one or more processing work modules that perform machine processing work on a workpiece using a tool, and one or more supplementary work modules that perform supplementary work that is work supplementarily performed to the machine processing work. Since it is possible to easily increase and decrease the number of processing work modules and supplementary work modules or sort the modules, it is possible to easily recombine the modules with respect to modification of the manufacturing process.

Abstract: A grinding machine includes a base having a plate and a movable device which is connected to the plate. A driving unit is connected to one end of the base and includes having a first motor which has a hollow shaft. An oval hole is defined in the hollow shaft. A grinding unit is located across the top of the plate and includes a body and a grinding part. The grinding part is slidably connected to a slot of the body and has a shaft unit which is located in the oval hole of the hollow shaft. A transverse moving unit is connected to the grinding part and has a second driving motor. A cam link is connected between the driving motor and the grinding part. The grinding part is moved transversely relative to the plate by the cam link driven by the second driving motor.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method for analyzing polishing behavior and a device for the same. Herein, the method corresponds to a method for analyzing polishing behavior of a device for analyzing polishing behavior by at least one processor including the steps of setting up equipment shape variables, operation variables, and calculation variables corresponding to at least one configuration element being selected from one of a pad and a wafer, the pad and the wafer configuring a polishing device, generating calculation nodes based on the equipment shape variables, the operation variables, and the calculation variables, calculating a sliding distance on a wafer surface caused by the pad or a sliding distance on a pad surface caused by the wafer by using the calculation node, and outputting the calculated result.

Abstract: A method of producing a workpiece having a modified gearing geometry by a generating method includes generating machining the workpiece in at least one machining stroke with a tool having a modified gearing geometry and a topological modification. Provision is made that the contact path with the workpiece is not shifted on the tool during the machining stroke. In one example, a cylindrical workpiece is machined by an axial generating method. In another example, a conical workpiece is machined by a diagonal generating method, and the diagonal ratio is selected such that the contact path does not shift on the tool during the machining stroke.

Abstract: A method for machining at least one portion of a surface of a component for a vehicle, which is painted with a layer of clear coat of a given first layer thickness. The component is situated in an inner space of a blasting chamber. An opening of at least one conveying device for a blasting material emerges into the inner space. The inner space of the blasting chamber and the component are placed entirely under a partial vacuum. Blasting material in a carrier air flow generated by the partial vacuum is supplied through the opening of the conveying device to the inner space. The portion of the surface being machined and the opening of the conveying device are moved relative to each other. The blasting material is shot from the opening of the conveying device onto the portion of the surface being machined.

Abstract: A part processing apparatus and method is disclosed that includes a media-blasting apparatus and a cleaning apparatus. The media-blasting apparatus is configured to blast a stream of media against a surface of a part, and the cleaning apparatus is configured to clean debris or particles from the surface of the part. The cleaning apparatus includes a first spray-and-wash unit, a first ultrasonic wash unit, a second ultrasonic wash unit, and a second spray-and-wash unit. The first ultrasonic wash unit is configured to ultrasonically vibrate a liquid in the first ultrasonic wash unit at a first frequency, and the second ultrasonic wash unit is configured to ultrasonically vibrate a liquid in the second ultrasonic wash unit at a second frequency. The first and second frequencies may be different from each other, such that vibration at the second frequency causes additional debris or particles to be removed from the surface of the part.

Abstract: An abrasive media blaster assembly includes a container to hold at least one abrasive media, an external air source to provide a compressed air supply, a reservoir to hold water and rust inhibitor solution and a venturi blaster gun. The venturi blaster gun comprises an exterior nozzle, a media blaster block and a trigger with a handle. The fittings in the media blaster block create a venturi effect and draw the water and rust inhibitor solution so as for it to mix with the abrasive media where the dustless blaster sprays the mix to remove surface finishes from a metal surface and simultaneously provides a rust inhibitor to the surface, thereby allowing the device to be capable of performing any one, two or all of dry media blasting, slurry blasting, and water blasting.

Abstract: Methods of making an abrasive article. Abrasive particles are loaded to a distribution tool defining a plurality of slots that are open to an exterior of the tool. The loaded particles are distributed from the distribution tool to a major face of a backing web below the lower side and moving relative to the tool. Some of the loaded particles become oriented in a respective one of the slots and are then dispensed on to the major face. In this regard, during the step of distributing, a plurality of the oriented particles is simultaneously at least partially within a first slot and in contact with major face. In some embodiments, the distribution tool includes a plurality of aligned rings; adjacent ones of the rings are attached to, and longitudinally separated from, one another by one or more spacer bodies.

Abstract: Methods of making an abrasive article. Abrasive particles are loaded to a distribution tool including a plurality of walls defining a plurality of slots. Each slot is open to a lower side of the tool. The loaded particles are distributed from the distribution tool to a major face of a backing web below the lower side and moving relative to the tool. At least a majority of the particles distributed from the tool undergo an orientation sequence in which each particle first enters one of the slots. The particle then passes partially through the slot such that a first portion is beyond the lower side and in contact with the major face, and a second portion within the slot. The sequence then includes the particle remaining in simultaneous contact with one of the walls and the major face for a dwell period while the web moves relative to the tool.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to a pivotable clamp or vise. For example, the vise may clamp or secure a workpiece at a suitable position and/or orientation.

Abstract: An adjustable ratchet wrench includes a wrench body, a ratchet, a positioning member, and a movable device. A fixed clamp portion is disposed on the inner periphery of the ratchet. The positioning member is disposed on the inner periphery of the ratchet. The movable device is disposed on the inner periphery of the ratchet and movably connected with the positioning member. The movable device has a movable clamp portion, which forms a tool receiving hole with the fixed clamp portion for receiving a workpiece. By used of the movable device, the size of the tool receiving hole is adjusted for being applicable to workpieces with different sizes, facilitating the utility of the present invention.

Abstract: A pinch clamp removal tool that includes a tool body having a slot extending partially across a top portion of the tool body and adapted for receiving a nub extending radially-outwardly from a pinch clamp to be removed from a pipe and a stop positioned at an end of the slot for engaging the nub when the nub is positioned in the slot. The tool body is adapted for being rotated to impart a twist to the pinch clamp nub sufficient to break the nub in order to loosen the pinch clamp and permit removal of the clamp from the pipe.

Abstract: The inventive installation tools are adapted to a wire thread insert comprising a cylindrical coil with a plurality of helically wound windings of a wire and a driving tang with a moving notch protruding into an interior of the coil via a bending portion. The installation tool has the following features: a rotatable mounting spindle with a driving end for rotating the installation spindle and a functional end for installing the wire thread insert, wherein the functional end comprises at least one turn that is length-reduced in the circumferential direction and that has, at a first end, a driving edge for engagement into a moving notch of the wire thread insert and, at a second end, a bend-up-shoulder for bending the driving tang of the wire thread insert radially outwardly.

Abstract: A driving tool is provided with first and second grease reservoirs for supplying grease to seal rings present on the outer and inner peripheral circumferences of a head valve in contact with a spring guide. Because of this configuration, wearing off of resistance of the seal rings due to gradual loss of grease can be improved and air leakage therefrom can also be prevented, which can improve durability of the driving tool.

Abstract: A nail blocking member for a nail gun. The nail gun includes a firing portion for firing a nail. When an object is pressed upon the nail blocking member by the firing portion, the nail is fired by the firing portion to enter the object. The nail blocking member includes a main body having a contact face, with a formation groove concavely disposed on the contact face, and a guiding block protruding from the formation groove. An object is pressed upon the contact face by the firing portion, and a nail is fired by the firing portion to enter the object to hit the guiding block, such that the nail is guided by the guiding block to move toward the formation groove, so as to be bent along the formation groove and reversely folded back into the object.

Abstract: A drill comprising: a body, the body comprising a housing formed internally with at least two chambers; a rear handle mounted on the body; a tool holder mounted on the front of the body; an electric motor mounted in a first chamber, the electric motor comprising an end cap attached to a motor housing; a transmission mechanism mounted in a second chamber which is in driving connection with the electric motor, the transmission mechanism being driven by the electric motor when the electric motor is activated to either impart impacts to and/or rotate a cutting tool when held by the tool holder. The end cap engages with the housing to form a separating wall which separates the first and second chambers.