Abstract: A method of metallizing substrate with abstractable hydrogen atoms and/or unsaturations on the surface, comprising the steps: a) contacting the substrate with a polymerizable unit, at least one initiator which can be activated by both heat and actinic radiation, and optionally at least one solvent, b) inducing a polymerization reaction c) depositing a second metal on an already applied first metal to obtain a metal coating. A first metal is added as ions and/or small metal particles during the process. Ions are reduced to the first metal. Advantages include that the adhesion is improved, the process time is shortened, blisters in the metal coating are avoided, the polymer layer below the metal coating becomes less prone to swelling for instance in contact with water.

Abstract: Upon use of an immersion tin plating solution, contaminants build in the solution, which cause the plating rate and the quality of the plated deposit to decrease. One primary contaminant, which builds in the plating solution upon use, is hydrogen sulfide, H2S. If a gas is bubbled or blown through the solution, contaminants, especially hydrogen sulfide, can be effectively removed from the solution and, as a result, the high plating rate and plate quality can be restored or maintained. In this regard, any gas can be used, however, it is preferable to use a gas that will not detrimentally interact with the solution, other than to strip out contaminants. Nitrogen is particularly preferred for this purpose because it is efficient at stripping out contaminants, including hydrogen sulfide, but does not induce the oxidation of the tin ions from their divalent state to the tetravalent state, which is detrimental.

Abstract: The radiation-selective absorber coating, in particular for an absorber tube of a parabolic trough collector, includes a reflective layer which is reflective in the infrared range, at least one barrier layer arranged below the reflective layer, at least one absorption layer arranged above the reflective layer, an antireflection layer arranged above the absorption layer and at least one adhesion-enhancing layer arranged between the barrier layer and the reflective layer. The adhesion-enhancing layer preferably is a molybdenum layer, but can also be provided by a copper, titanium, titanium oxide, or silicon layer. The adhesion-enhancing layer preferably has a thickness of 5 to 50 nm.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a substrate having an electrical interconnection structure is provided, which includes the steps of: providing a substrate body having a plurality of conductive pads and first and second passivation layers sequentially formed on the substrate body and exposing the conductive pads; forming a seed layer on the second passivation layer and the conductive pads; forming a first metal layer on each of the conductive pads, wherein the first metal layer is embedded in the first and second passivation layers without being protruded from the second passivation layer; and forming on the first metal layer a second metal layer protruded from the second passivation layer. As such, when the seed layer on the second passivation layer is removed by etching using an etchant, the etchant will not erode the first metal layer, thereby preventing an undercut structure from being formed underneath the second metal layer.

Abstract: A method of selecting a corrosion-inhibiting substance includes selecting a corrosion-inhibiting substance to include a non-tungstate anodic corrosion inhibitor with respect to an amount of zinc in an aluminum alloy substrate that is to be coated with the corrosion-inhibiting substance.

Abstract: Anti-corrosion nanoparticle compositions include a carrier and a plurality of nonionic metal nanoparticles. The metal nanoparticles can be spherical-shaped and/or coral-shaped metal nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are selected so as to locate at the grain boundaries of a metal or metal alloy when the anti-corrosion composition is applied to the metal or alloy, thereby reducing or preventing intergranular corrosion of the metal or alloy.

Abstract: Electrochemically reacting C-1 compounds including carbon dioxide, formic acid, formaldehyde, methanol, carbon monoxide in the presence of at least one lanthanide and/or at least one actinide. Reducing carbon dioxide or reacting C-1 compounds such as HCOOH (formic acid), HCHO (formaldehyde), CH3OH (methanol), or CO (carbon monoxide) with use of an electrochemical device, wherein the device comprises at least one cathode, and at least one anode, and at least one electrolyte between the cathode and the anode, wherein the electrolyte comprises at least one lanthanide and/or actinide compound. The electrode can be modified with a film such as an ionically conducting or ionically permeable film, optionally comprising a magnetic material. Polar organic solvent such as acetonitrile can be used. Electrocatalysis and/or reaction mediation is observed. Devices can be adapted to carry out the methods. The device can be part of a fuel cell, a battery, an electrolyzer, or an electrosynthetic device.

Abstract: An anion-conducting polymeric membrane comprises vinylbenzyl-Rs and a substituted ethene. Rs is a positively charged cyclic amine group. The total weight of the vinylbenzyl-Rs groups is greater than 15% of the total weight of the membrane. In a preferred embodiment, the membrane is a Helper Membrane that increases the faradaic efficiency of an electrochemical cell into which the membrane is incorporated, and also allows product formation at lower voltages than in cells without the Helper Membrane.

Abstract: A hydrogen molecule remixing device includes a base, a first gas and water channelling disc, an anode, a cathode, an ion membrane, a second gas and water channelling disc, a cover, a cationic water outlet connector and a connector. In practice, the source water is electrolyzed in the anode cavities of the anode to form oxygen molecules, ozone and anionic water, and electrolyzed in the cathode cavities of the cathode to form hydrogen molecules and cationic water. The hydrogen molecules are carried by the cationic water into the collecting and guiding chambers of the second gas and water channelling disc, so that the hydrogen molecules and the cationic water produce a blending reaction, and more hydrogen molecules are dissolved into the cationic water.

Abstract: The present application relates to the electrochemical extraction of lead (Pb) from a lead-containing material using a deep eutectic solvent. This is of particular use in the recycling of the lead-based materials that result from energy generation processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nonferrous metallurgy, in particular to the process equipment for electrolytic production of primary aluminum, namely to methods for lining cathode assemblies of reduction cells. The method for lining a cathode assembly of a reduction cell for production of aluminum comprises filling a cathode assembly shell with a thermal insulation layer, forming a fire-resistant layer followed by the compaction of layers, installing bottom and side blocks followed by sealing joints therebetween with a cold ramming paste. According to the first embodiment of the present invention, a resilient element made of a dense organic substance is placed between the thermal insulation layer and the fire-resistant layer. According to the second embodiment of the present invention, a flexible graphite foil is placed between the thermal insulation layer and the fire-resistant layer, and under the flexible graphite foil, a resilient element made of a dense organic substance is placed.

Abstract: A chamber component for a processing chamber comprises an article having impurities, an aluminum coating on a surface of the article, wherein the aluminum coating is substantially free from impurities, and an anodization layer over the aluminum coating. The anodization layer comprises aluminum oxide. The anodization layer further comprises a dense barrier layer portion and a porous columnar layer portion.

Abstract: For improving the current transfer during the electrolytic metallization of workpieces, a method is proposed: (a) providing a metal depositing apparatus 17, in which the workpiece, at least one anode 40, 41 and a metal deposition electrolyte AE are arranged and which has a device for electric current generation 60 and at least one current feeding device 31 with in each case at least one electrical contact element 34, 35 for making electrical contact with the workpiece; (b) bringing the at least one electrical contact element 34, 35 into contact with the workpiece; and (c) feeding electric current to the workpiece via the at least one electrical contact element 34, 35 in order that the deposition metal deposits on the workpiece. Before method step (b), in a further method step (d), deposition metal is deposited on the at least one electrical contact element 34, 35.

Abstract: Methods of and apparatuses for monitoring electroplating bath quality in electroplating cells using voltage readings are described herein. Methods involve obtaining real-time voltage readings during an electroplating process and determining whether the voltage readings are within a threshold deviation of an expected voltage reading at a given time.

Abstract: A method of monitoring a plating bath, the method including receiving a plurality of plated test specimens that are each plated in different batches within the plating bath. The different batches are processed in a batch sequence, and at least one plated test specimen is plated in each batch processed in the plating bath. The method also includes performing a load test on each plated test specimen, wherein the load tests are initiated in a load test sequence that corresponds to the batch sequence, and determining a health status of the plating bath based on results of the load tests.

Abstract: A method of growing a rare-earth oxyorthosilicate crystal, and crystals grown using the method are disclosed. The method includes preparing a melt by melting a first substance including at least one first rare-earth element and providing an atmosphere that includes an inert gas and a gas including oxygen.

Abstract: A silicon carbide epitaxial substrate includes a silicon carbide single-crystal substrate of one conductivity type, a first silicon carbide layer of the above-mentioned one conductivity type, a second silicon carbide layer of the above-mentioned one conductivity type, and a third silicon carbide layer of the above-mentioned one conductivity type. The silicon carbide single-crystal substrate has first impurity concentration. The first silicon carbide layer is provided on the silicon carbide single-crystal substrate, and has second impurity concentration that is lower than the first impurity concentration. The second silicon carbide layer is provided on the first silicon carbide layer, and has third impurity concentration that is higher than the first impurity concentration. The third silicon carbide layer is provided on the second silicon carbide layer, and has fourth impurity concentration that is lower than the second impurity concentration.

Abstract: In a single-crystal diamond material, a concentration of non-substitutional nitrogen atoms is not more than 200 ppm, a concentration of substitutional nitrogen atoms is lower than the concentration of the non-substitutional nitrogen atoms, and the single-crystal diamond material has a crystal growth main surface having an off angle of not more than 20°. A perforated tool includes a single-crystal diamond die, wherein in the single-crystal diamond die, a concentration of non-substitutional nitrogen atoms is not more than 200 ppm, a concentration of substitutional nitrogen atoms is lower than the concentration of the non-substitutional nitrogen atoms, and the single-crystal diamond die has a low-index plane represented by a Miller index of not less than ?5 and not more than 5 in an integer, a perpendicular line of the low-index plane having an off angle of not more than 20° relative to an orientation of a hole for wire drawing.

Abstract: The yield and quality of polysilicon rods produced in the Siemens process are increased by preventing pieces of silicon too large to be removed by flushing with gas from entering reaction gas inlets and offgas outlets by means of protective elements installed in the inlets and/or outlets.

Abstract: This method of producing a SiC epitaxial wafer having an epitaxial layer on a SiC single crystal substrate, and includes: when performing crystal growth of the epitaxial layer, a step of forming a part of an epitaxial layer under first conditions at an initial stage where the crystal growth is started; and a step of forming a part of a SiC epitaxial layer under second conditions in which a Cl/Si ratio is decreased and a C/Si ratio is increased in comparison to those in the first conditions, wherein the C/Si ratio is equal to or less than 0.6 and the Cl/Si ratio is equal to or more than 5.0 in the first conditions.

Abstract: A wafer production method for producing a wafer from a lithium tantalate ingot includes a step of irradiating, from an end face of a lithium tantalate ingot which is a 42-degree rotation Y cut ingot having an orientation flat formed in parallel to a Y axis, a laser beam of a wavelength having transparency to lithium tantalate with a focal point of the laser beam positioned in the inside of the ingot to form a modified layer in the inside of the ingot while the ingot is fed for processing, and a step of applying external force to the ingot to peel off a plate-shaped material from the ingot to produce a wafer. At the step of forming a modified layer, the ingot is relatively fed for processing in a direction parallel or perpendicular to the orientation flat.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides instrumentation and automated methods for creating cell surface display libraries, where the cells of the library display engineered peptides on their cell surfaces for identification of antigens that bind to T-cell receptors. The engineered peptides may be putative antigens or binding regions of the T-cell receptors.

Abstract: There is provided a method of making a hollow fiber. The method includes mixing, in a first solvent, a plurality of nanostructures, one or more first polymers, and a fugitive polymer which is dissociable from the nanostructures and the one or more first polymers, to form an inner-volume portion mixture. The method further includes mixing, in a second solvent, one or more second polymers to form an outer-volume portion mixture, and spinning the inner-volume portion mixture and the outer-volume portion mixture to form a precursor fiber. The method further includes heating the precursor fiber to oxidize the precursor fiber and to change a molecular-bond structure of the precursor fiber, and during heating, extracting the fugitive polymer from the inner-volume portion mixture. The method further includes obtaining the hollow fiber with the inner-volume portion having the nanostructures and the first polymers, and with the outer-volume portion having the second polymers.

Abstract: The present application discloses a method of manufacturing a fabric. The method comprises warping a yarn; sizing the yarn with a strengthening agent; weaving the yarn; greying the yarn to form a prototype of the fabric; desizing the strengthening agent; adding a quick-drying agent on the prototype; and drying the prototype to form the fabric. In addition, before or after adding a quick-drying agent on the prototype, the method further comprises adding an anti-bacterial agent or an anti-ultraviolet agent on the prototype.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing a carbon nanotube fiber. The apparatus includes: a vertical reactor having a reaction zone; a concentric double-pipe inlet tube disposed on top of the reaction zone and consisting of an inner pipe through which a spinning feedstock including a spinning solution and a first gas is introduced into the reaction zone and an outer pipe defining a concentric annular portion surrounding the inner pipe and through which a second gas is introduced into the reaction zone; heating means for heating the reaction zone; and a discharge unit disposed under the bottom of the reaction zone to discharge a carbon nanotube fiber therethrough. The spinning feedstock entering the reaction zone through the inner pipe of the inlet tube is carbonized and graphitized while flowing from the top to the bottom of the reaction zone to form a carbon nanotube fiber consisting of a continuous sock (or aggregates) of carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: This invention innovates a low cost method to synthesize carbon fibers through graphene composites, which are fabricated through chemical treatment of graphite. This invention also is related to the applications of thereof carbon fibers in different fields. Several examples of such fields would be to use carbon fibers to manufacture carbon fiber tubes, pipes or risers, or car/airplane/computer parts, bicycles, and sports supplies and many additional applications.

Abstract: A flame resistant fabric includes first yarns including inherently flame resistant fibers and second yarns including wool fibers. The fabric may satisfy one or more performance standards set forth in ASTM F 1506-02, NFPA 2112 and NFPA 70E. The fabric may be a knit or woven fabric, such as a plush or terry knit construction, and one or both sides of the fabric may be napped to form a fleece fabric. The second yarns may include wool and modacrylic fibers, or wool fibers and other inherently flame resistant fibers. The first yarns or second yarns may include sufficient inherently flame resistant fibers such that the fabric has a char length of no more than 4 inches and an afterflame of no more than 2 seconds when tested in accordance with ASTM D6413. The fabric may exhibit a thermal shrinkage of no more than 10% when tested in accordance with NFPA 2112.

Abstract: There is provided a sewing assembly that comprises a plurality of pins for receiving spools of thread, a plurality of thread cutters and retainers adjacent an extremity of the container, a plurality of slots located therebetween, and a needle threader. Thread unwound from a thread spool and received within a respective slot is cut by pressing the unwound thread at a desired length within a respective thread cutter so as to cut the unwound thread and simultaneously retain uncut thread within a respective thread retainer.

Abstract: A washing machine may include a static wash tub, a rotatable vertical axis wash basket in the static wash tub, and a drive motor for rotating the wash basket. A closure may direct wash liquid from the wash basket to a catch basin. A flange may be attached to the closure so that an unattached edge ends within the catch basin. The unattached edge may end below the surface of a first volume of wash liquid to minimize migration of wash liquid and/or vapor from the washing machine. The unattached edge may end above the surface of a second volume of wash liquid less than the first volume to minimize agitation of wash liquid in the catch basin.

Abstract: A user interface includes a curved outer surface, a generally flat printed circuit board defining a base plane, and a capacitive touch sensor connected to the generally flat printed circuit board and offset from the base plane. The capacitive touch sensor is substantially aligned with the curved outer surface. The user interface may be provided on an appliance.

Abstract: A washing machine is disclosed, which prevents bubbles in the drum from leaking outside when an auxiliary door is opened during a washing process. The washing machine includes a cabinet including a first opening, a tub disposed in the cabinet and configured to store wash water therein, a drum rotatably disposed in the tub, a door assembly mounted to the cabinet to open or close the first opening, and including a second opening, an auxiliary door configured to open or close the second opening, and an interference part located at a rear of the auxiliary door to form a predetermined space in the rear part of the auxiliary door.

Abstract: A laundry processing apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a cabinet; a tub, arranged in the interior of the cabinet, for storing laundry water; longitudinal dampers connecting the cabinet and tub and supported on supporting ends on the tub, and supporting the tub as same hangs from the cabinet; upper guide pins fixed to the upper parts of the cabinet and extending vertically with respect to the supporting ends; upper transverse dampers, connecting the upper guide pins and tub and vertically movable along the upper guide pins, for reducing the horizontal vibration for the tub; lower guide pins fixed to the lower parts of the cabinet and extending vertically with respect to the supporting ends; and lower transverse dampers, connecting the lower guide pins and tub and vertically movable along the lower guide pins, for reducing the horizontal vibration for the tub.

Abstract: A fully automatic washing machine includes: a washing tub configured to enter into or exit from an outer casing through an entrance on a front surface; a holding plate disposed below the washing tub, and configured to support the washing tub via a hanger bracket; a door portion fixed to the holding plate in front of the washing tub, and configured to block the entrance; a sliding guiding rail disposed between the holding plate and the outer casing to linearly move the holding plate together with the washing tub and the door portion in a front-rear direction; and a connecter for connecting the hanger bracket with the holding plate. The connecter includes a vibration isolating device configured to prevent vibrations of the washing tub in the front-rear direction from being transferred to the holding plate via the hanger bracket.

Abstract: A method of dispensing treating chemistry from a loading cup of a laundry treating appliance including sensing a material property of a treating chemistry in the loading cup, determining if the treating chemistry is proper/improper for the loading cup, and supplying the treating chemistry to a bulk reservoir when the treating chemistry is determined improper.

Abstract: A household cleaning appliance having a treating chamber and a non-bulk dispensing system coupled with the treating chamber and having a portion of material configured to be removable wherein the non-bulk dispensing system is configured to receive a bulk cartridge containing a treating chemistry when such material is removed.

Abstract: An antimicrobial supply system employs a process water supply and incorporates a metallic ion supply connected to the process water supply to provide a high ion concentrate to an output. A dilution reservoir is connected to the metallic ion supply output and has an input from the process water supply. A pump is connected to an output of the reservoir. A manifold connected to the pump provides a dilute concentrate to at least one washing system. An electronics control module is connected to a first flow controller between the process water supply and the metallic ion supply and a second flow controller between the metallic ion supply and the reservoir for dilution control establishing a desired metallic ion concentration.

Abstract: Provided is a laundry treatment apparatus which may sequentially perform pre-washing, main washing, drying, and ironing in one place. The laundry treatment apparatus includes: a pre-washer with an accommodation space which accommodates the laundry and has a sink bowl having an open top portion; a main washer which is provided beside the pre-washer; a dryer which is provided beside the main washer; an ironing part which is provided beside the dryer, and has a flat top surface to iron the laundry; a first upper panel which is provided on a top portion of the main washer and the dryer and has a flat top surface; a second upper panel which forms the top surface of the ironing part; and a lid which is provided on a top portion of the pre-washer to open and close the accommodation space.

Abstract: An apparatus and method towards a laundry treating appliance for drying laundry comprising a rotatable drum at least partially defining a treating chamber and having a front and a rear and a motor rotating the drum that tumbles laundry within the treating chamber while also including a separate container for drying a second load of laundry simultaneously.

Abstract: A dryer appliance including a cabinet with a drum rotatably mounted within the cabinet. The drum defines a chamber for the receipt of articles for drying. The dryer appliance also includes a sealed refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with the chamber and a condensation tank configured to receive condensate from an evaporator of the sealed refrigerant circuit. The condensate is selectively in thermal communication with a condenser of the sealed refrigerant circuit.

Abstract: A laundry appliance and ironing assembly are provided herein. The laundry appliance may include a cabinet and an ironing assembly. The cabinet may extend along a vertical direction between a top portion and a bottom portion. The cabinet may define a laundry chamber for the receipt of articles therein. The ironing assembly may include a casing received on a laundry appliance and an insulated mat selectively received within the casing.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of depositing silver onto a substrate using a dilute silver salt solution.

Abstract: A sizing composition, in particular for insulating products based on mineral wool, in particular of glass or of rock, includes at least one non-reducing saccharide, at least one hydrogenated saccharide, and at least one polycarboxylic organic acid.

Abstract: An air bag coated with a cured organopolysiloxane composition, characterized in that the air bag is top coated with an antifriction coating comprising at least one solid lubricant dispersed in an organic polymer binder.

Abstract: There is provided a treatment agent for image recording including: a cationic polymer emulsion; and a water-soluble organic solvent including a glycol-based water-soluble organic solvent of which boiling point is not more than 200° C. The treatment agent satisfies the following condition (1): 20?A?60. In the condition (1), A: a content amount (% by mass) of the glycol-based water-soluble organic solvent, of which boiling point is not more than 200° C., in an entire amount of the treatment agent for image recording.

Abstract: A fid is made of separate components that can be easily assembled and disassembled by the user. In this manner the fid components can be easily stored or transported and then assembled when needed to create a fid of sufficient length to splice a synthetic rope or other types of rope. The fid includes an elongate shaft or needle with a first that tapers to a point. The opposing end of the shaft may be machined to form a connection structure. A coupler may have an elongate form with two opposing ends along a center axis. One end of the coupler removable attaches to the needle at the connection structure. The second end of the coupler permanently attaches to a rope holder, which may take the form of a cylindrical, helically wound braid of thin wire cable forming a wire basket.

Abstract: This specification describes a system and process for treating waste, for example municipal solid waste (MSW) or post-recycling municipal solid waste. The system includes a press and a pulper. The press is adapted to provide a wet fraction of the waste suitable for anaerobic digestion and rejects. The pulper is adapted to receive the rejects and produce pulp. The pulper may be, for example, a drum pulper. In the process, waste is separated into a press into an organic fraction and rejects. The organic fraction is treated by way of anaerobic digestion. The rejects are separated, optionally in a drum pulper, to produce a fraction containing pulp. The pulp can be re-used to make paper or other products. In some case, 70% or more or 80% or more of MSW can be diverted from landfill.

Abstract: A method of recycling a by-product generated in a papermaking process including, pulverizing a by-product produced in a papermaking process to prepare a pulverized product, burning the pulverized product to prepare a burned product, hydrating the burned product to prepare a hydrate; and manufacturing paper from the hydrate and a paper slurry is provided, which allows reuse of by-products generated in conventional papermaking processes such as lime mud and lime kiln CaO, which is environmentally friendly as well as cost-effective, and also the level of whiteness of the by-products such as lime mud and lime kiln CaO generated in a papermaking process can be improved to that of a high-grade raw material, making it possible to also improve the whiteness of paper.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to cellulose nanomaterials made or derived from tobacco and methods for the production thereof. The tobacco-derived cellulose nanomaterials can be employed in various industrial applications such as film forming applications and solution thickening technologies. In particular, the disclosure is directed to methods for preparing tobacco-derived cellulose nanomaterials using less fibrillation cycles than in the production of wood pulp. The invention includes a method for preparing tobacco derived nanocellulose material comprising receiving a tobacco pulp in a dilute form such that the tobacco pulp is a tobacco pulp suspension with a consistency of less than about 5%; and mechanically fibrillating the tobacco pulp suspension to generate a tobacco derived nanocellulose material having at least one average particle size dimension in the range of about 1 nm to about 100 nm.

Abstract: A wallboard panel which comprises a paper cover sheet comprising microfibrillated cellulose (MFC). A paper cover sheet comprising MFC. A paper stock composition comprising MFC and methods for making a multi-ply paper cover sheet comprising MFC. Methods for making a wallboard panel comprising a paper cover sheet comprising MFC.

Abstract: A transfer method for carbon nanotube array is provided. A carbon nanotube array is located on a first substrate. A pressure is applied to the carbon nanotube array to form a carbon nanotube paper. A second substrate with a bonding layer is placed on the carbon nanotube paper, and the bonding layer is located between the second substrate and the carbon nanotube array. The second substrate is peeled off, and the carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube paper vertically aligned and form the carbon nanotube array under forces of the first substrate and the second substrate. The carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube array are substantially perpendicular to the surface of the second substrate.