Abstract: Monolithic three-dimensional integration can achieve higher device density compared to 3D integration using through-silicon vias. A test solution for M3D integrated circuits (ICs) is based on dedicated test layers inserted between functional layers. A structure includes a first functional layer having first functional components of the IC with first test scan chains and a second functional layer having second functional components of the IC with second test scan chains. A dedicated test layer is located between the first functional layer and the second functional layer. The test layer includes an interface register controlling signals from a testing module to one of the first test scan chains and the second test scan chains, and an instruction register connected to the interface register. The instruction register processes testing instructions from the testing module. Inter-layer vias connect the first functional components, the second functional components, and the testing module through the test layer.

Abstract: A computing system implementing a functional safety validation tool to simulate a circuit design having a digital portion and an analog portion, and inject a fault into the digital portion of a simulated circuit design, which propagates towards alarm logic configured to detect the injected fault. When the injected fault propagates to a boundary between the digital portion and the analog portion, the functional safety validation tool can perform a parallel simulation of the analog portion, which propagates the injected fault from the boundary through the analog portion to an output. The functional safety validation tool can determine whether the analog portion of the circuit design suppresses the injected fault based on a value at the output. The functional safety validation tool can generate a fault coverage presentation identifying a diagnostic coverage of the alarm logic based on whether the injected fault was suppressed.

Abstract: A duty cycle measurement circuit obtains differential duty cycle measurements corresponding to the duty cycle of a signal at two or more different locations along a propagation path. The differential duty cycle measurements may include measurements of an input duty cycle and measurements of an output duty cycle. The duty cycle measurements may be acquired by use of duty-cycle-to-voltage converter circuitry. The duty cycle measurements may be used to determine a measure of the duty cycle deterioration of the propagation path, and an adjustment factor to compensate for the measured duty cycle deterioration.

Abstract: An implementation of a system disclosed herein includes a decompressor logic with the capability to vary a level of decompression of a scanning input signal based on value of compression program bits and a compressor logic to generate a scanning output signal, the compressor logic including a plurality of XOR logics, wherein the output of the plurality of XOR logics is selected based on the compression program bits.

Abstract: An integrated circuit comprising a field programmable gate array (FPGA) including a plurality of logic tiles wherein each logic tile includes circuitry including (i) logic circuitry and (ii) an interconnect network including a plurality of multiplexers. The FPGA further includes a robust memory cell including: three or more storage elements that are more than one time programmable to store a data state, majority detection circuitry to detect a majority data state stored in the three or more storage elements; and an output, coupled to the majority detection circuitry, to output mode select data which is representative of the majority data state stored in the storage elements. The FPGA also includes mode/function select circuitry to configure a mode of operation of at least a portion of the circuitry in one or more of the plurality of logic tiles based on the mode select data.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a processor includes a scan system controller to control test operations on the processor in response to test commands from an external test entity, and at least one core to execute instructions. The processor may further include a field scan controller to control a field test mode of the processor to perform a self-test of the at least one core during field operation, where the field scan controller is to obtain a test pattern from an external memory and cause the scan system controller to test circuitry of the first subsystem using the test pattern. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a clock distribution network for a scan design, which may include, for example, a clock signal network(s), and a plurality of partitioned clock signal networks coupled to the clock signal network(s) through a controlling logic(s); where the controlling logic(s) may be configured to stagger a clock signal from the clock signal network(s), and where each of the partitioned clock signal networks may be connected to a group of flip-flops. A first partitioned clock signal network of the partitioned clock signal networks may be connected to a first group of flip-flops and a second partitioned clock signal network of the partitioned clock signal networks may be connected to a second group of flip-flops, and where the first group of flip-flops may be different than the second group of flip-flops. The controlling logic(s) may include a shift register(s).

Abstract: Various aspects of the disclosed technology relate to using data throttling to generate streaming data for streaming networks in circuits. A plurality of equal-sized data packets to be transported consecutively in a network to the plurality of circuit blocks are generated. The number of bits in each of the plurality of equal-sized data packets assigned to a circuit block requiring longest data loading time is equal to the number of input ports of the circuit block, while the number of bits in each of the plurality of data packets assigned to each of the rest of the plurality of circuit blocks is equal to or smaller than the number of input ports of the each of rest of the plurality of circuit blocks, determined based on the longest data loading time and data loading time for the each of rest of the plurality of circuit blocks.

Abstract: A test apparatus for testing a device under test is configured to receive a response signal from the device under test and to apply one or more correction functions to the received response signal to at least partially correct an imperfection of the DUT. The test apparatus is configured to thereby obtain a corrected response signal of the device under test and to evaluate the corrected response signal to judge the device under test.

Abstract: Lithium ion battery state of charge (SOC) is a function of open circuit voltage (OCV). Battery internal diffusion process needs to be nearly completed to be able to measure battery open circuit voltage. The length of the minimum settling time depends on the battery type, usage and temperature. Described are methods to determine electric vehicle battery voltage relaxation time based on battery temperature and usage history.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating an initial condition of a battery includes a processor configured to calculate a stabilizing time of a lithium (Li) ion concentration in the battery, select an estimation model based on the stabilizing time, and estimate the initial condition of the battery to charge the battery using the selected estimation model.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for measuring impedance spectrum, power or energy density, and/or spectral density using frequency component analysis of power converter voltage and current ripple are described herein. An example method for measuring impedance spectrum, power spectrum, or spectral density can include measuring an alternating current (AC) ripple associated with a power converter, where the AC ripple includes an AC current ripple and an AC voltage ripple. The method can also include performing a frequency analysis to obtain respective frequency components of the AC current ripple and the AC voltage ripple, and calculating an impedance spectrum, a power spectrum, or a spectral density of an electrical component based on the respective frequency components of the AC current ripple and the AC voltage ripple.

Abstract: An insulation detection circuit, detection method, and battery management system are disclosed in the present disclosure. The insulation detection circuit includes a positive sampling unit, a negative sampling unit, a positive sampling point, a negative sampling point, a reference voltage terminal, and a processor. A first end of the positive sampling unit is connected with positive electrode of the power battery pack to be measured. A second end of the positive sampling unit is connected with the reference voltage terminal and the positive sampling point. A first end of the negative sampling unit is connected with negative electrode of the power battery pack to be measured. A second end of the negative sampling unit is connected with the reference voltage terminal and the negative sampling point. The processor is connected with the positive sampling point and the negative sampling point.

Abstract: A device and method for determining the storage capacity of an electrical energy store, as for example a rechargeable battery, based on the phase of the complex impedance of the electrical energy store. The impedance of the electrical energy store is determined in that the energy store is loaded with a specified periodic load and the system response setting in as a result is ascertained. On the basis of the correlation between the phase of the complex impedance of the electrical energy store and the storage capacity of the electrical energy store, it is thereupon possible reliably and in a simple manner to ascertain the storage capacity of the electrical energy store.

Abstract: The secondary battery degradation determination device includes: a plurality of voltage sensors connected to respective batteries; a measurement current application device configured to apply a measurement current including an AC component to each battery group; and a controller. A sensor wireless communicator configured to wirelessly transmit a measurement value of a voltage of the AC component is provided to each voltage sensor. One current sensor is provided for a parallel-connection assembly of the battery groups. The controller is configured to receive the measurement value transmitted by the sensor wireless communicator, calculate an internal resistance of each battery by using the measurement value and a detection value of the current sensor, and determine degradation of the battery on the basis of the internal resistance.

Abstract: A secondary battery system includes a control device that estimates a reaction resistance based on the difference between a first impedance and a second impedance. Each of the first and second impedance is calculated based on first, second, and third change amount when the current value of the secondary battery is varied with corresponding period. The first change amount is a change amount of a detection value of a voltage sensor in a period in which the phase of the current value is inverted from an initial phase to an opposite phase, the second change amount is a change amount of the detection value of the voltage sensor in a period in which the phase of the current value is returned from the opposite phase to the initial phase, and the third change amount is a difference of the current value between the initial phase and the opposite phase.

Abstract: A method making it possible to diagnose whether an open load or a load is indeed present in a system including a resistive or inductive load controlled by a control transistor. The method envisages measuring the intensity of the current in the branch formed by the closed control transistor and the load, then, successively, comparing it with a positive threshold, comparing it with a negative threshold and lastly comparing its positive or negative variation over a timeframe ?t with respect to a reference slope to determine whether a load is indeed present or else an open-load situation is present. The present invention is in particular intended for use in the automotive field, to allow the reliable diagnosis of the presence or absence of an open-load situation.

Abstract: A directional flow current transducer is used as a transient stray voltage detector including a first transducer providing an output signal indicating the magnitude of stray current carried by a new grounding wire, and a second, separate transducer providing an output signal indicating the direction of the stray voltage (for either direct and/or alternating stray voltages). The new grounding wire might be between an equi-potential plane of a concrete platform for watering livestock and a grounding bus bar for grounding the service bond of the main electrical service panel, at a significant distance from the watering platform. The output of the directional flow current transducer is recorded, stored and analyzed as a function of time. Preferably by allowing comparison with the output of a second directional flow current transducer, the system allows transient, directional and locational stray voltage/stray current problems to be better identified, understood and addressed.

Abstract: A ground fault detection apparatus includes a detection capacitor, termination resistors on positive- and negative-electrode sides, bypass resistors on positive- and negative-electrode sides, a bypass twin relay, twin relays on positive- and negative-electrode sides, and a control unit configured to compare a first full-charge voltage obtained with the positive-electrode-side twin relay in a first state, the negative-electrode-side twin relay in a second state and the bypass twin relay in a first state, with a second full-charge voltage obtained with the positive-electrode-side twin relay in a second state, the negative-electrode-side twin relay in a first state and the bypass twin relay in the first state, and determines that negative-electrode-side insulation resistance is lowered when the second full-charge voltage is smaller and when degree of the smallness is great.

Abstract: Electric power system phase detection systems and methods. One or more line mounted intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) measure voltage at various points of a power system. The measured voltage is timestamped with a reference signal and compared with a timestamped voltage at a location where a phase on each conductor of the power system is known. Pattern matching using the measured voltage may be used to determine the phase at locations where the phase is unknown.

Abstract: A mobile transformer test device (10) for testing a power transformer (40) has connectors (12) for the detachable connection of the transformer test device (10) to the power transformer (40). The transformer test device (10) has a source (5) for generating a test signal. The mobile transformer test device (10) has an evaluation circuit (6) for determining, based on the test signal and a test response of the power transformer (40), information regarding a B-H curve (50, 60) of the power transformer (40).

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the field of zero-field paramagnetic resonance magnetometer (ZF-PRM). A sensitive ZF-PRM capable of measuring magnetic field in three orthogonal directions simultaneously and method of measuring magnetic field in three orthogonal directions is described. The ZF-PRM provides three independent output signals proportional to the three orthogonal vector components of the magnetic field using a single vapor cell, thus reducing complexity and cost of the magnetometer. Because all three magnetic components are measured at substantially the same location at the same time, the accuracy of data is greatly increased.

Abstract: A superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) for mobile magnetic sensing applications comprising: at least two Josephson junction electrically connected to a superconducting loop; and a resistive element connected in series with one of the Josephson junctions in the superconducting loop. The resistive element is disposed in the same superconducting loop as the at least two Josephson junctions.

Abstract: A Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) system with a magnet configured to generate a magnetic field having a field free line, the system including at least one shim magnet configured to modify the magnetic field in a manner to maintain desired magnetic flux distributions during imaging.

Abstract: According to some aspects, a portable magnetic resonance imaging system is provided, comprising a magnetics system having a plurality of magnetics components configured to produce magnetic fields for performing magnetic resonance imaging. The magnetics system comprises a permanent B0 magnet configured to produce a B0 field for the magnetic resonance imaging system, and a plurality of gradient coils configured to, when operated, generate magnetic fields to provide spatial encoding of emitted magnetic resonance signals, a power system comprising one or more power components configured to provide power to the magnetics system to operate the magnetic resonance imaging system to perform image acquisition, and a base that supports the magnetics system and houses the power system, the base comprising at least one conveyance mechanism allowing the portable magnetic resonance imaging system to be transported to different locations.

Abstract: In a superconducting magnet arrangement, such as used in a magnetic resonance system, and a power management method therefor, an enhanced economic power mode (EPM) is implemented wherein the compressor operation is controlled by magnet pressure, temperature and time, so as to ensure the readiness of the magnet system for a scanning operation upon exiting the enhanced EPM. A processor implementing the enhanced EPM looks for a signal that indicates that the magnet system is operational and, in the absence of that signal for a predetermined period of time, enters into EPM. Exit from EPM occurs if certain conditions are violated, but then re-entry into EPM is attempted (re-starting EPM), thereby making the magnet system ready for operation again, if and when a patient scan is to be implemented.

Abstract: A sample pipe is provided in a sample temperature control pipe. A detection coil is provided in a low-temperature airtight chamber and configured to irradiate a sample with a high-frequency magnetic field. A room-temperature shield is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the sample temperature control pipe or on an inner circumferential surface thereof, and is configured to block irradiation of the high-frequency magnetic field from the detection coil from reaching a region other than an observation object. A low-temperature shield is provided in an airtight chamber and between the detection coil and the room-temperature shield and is configured to block irradiation of the high-frequency magnetic field from the detection coil from reaching the room-temperature shield.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus is disclosed that includes an MRI system, either as a stand-alone system or hybrid PET-MRI system. The MRI system includes gradient coils positioned about a patient bore, an RF coil former comprising an inner surface and an outer surface, an RF shield positioned on the outer surface of the RF coil former so as to be formed about the RF coil former, and an RF coil positioned on the inner surface of the RF coil former and about the patient bore, with the RF coil coupled to a pulse generator to emit an RF pulse sequence and receive resulting MR signals from a subject of interest. The RF shield includes a plurality of slits formed therein configured to disrupt the formation of gradient field induced eddy currents on the RF shield, so as to prevent the generation of high temperature profiles on the surface of the shield.

Abstract: A medical testing system comprises a housing, at least one magnet assembly configured around a probe configured to accept a human finger, formed in the housing wherein the at least one magnet assembly creates a permanent magnetic field around the probe, an RF signal generator configured to create a temporary magnetic field perpendicular to the permanent magnetic field in the housing, and an NMR coil assembly wherein a change in the permanent magnetic field induces a voltage in the NMR coil assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds known as “optorelaxers,” for example, spin crossover (SCO) complexes that exhibit light-induced excited state spin trapping (LIESST) effects with transient unpaired electron spins, which are created (or destroyed) by varying the level and/or wavelength of light to which the complexes are exposed. Light conditions are used to switch the optorelaxers between transient paramagnetic and diamagnetic states to provide real-time control of T1 relaxation in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy methods. The optorelaxers and methods of the invention provide increased detection sensitivity of NMR spectroscopy, with increased structural information content, while maintaining resolution for a wide variety of different NMR-active nuclei.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance (MR)-radiotherapy (RT) hybrid system for treating a patient is disclosed. The MR-RT hybrid system includes a radiation source for supplying a radiation beam to treat the patient and an MR imaging (MRI) apparatus for generating a divergent gradient field shaped to match a divergent geometry of the radiation beam of the radiation source.

Abstract: In a magnetic resonance slice multiplexing method and apparatus, measurements are repeated with additional phase amounts being applied, wherein in each repetition, the additionally applied phase amounts are changed such that at least a central k-space region is fully sampled in the course of the repeated acquisitions. A calibration dataset, which is used in reconstructing image data for the simultaneously excited slices from the acquired measurement data, is determined from the measurement data that have been fully acquired in the central k-space region. The calibration dataset is updated in further measurements.

Abstract: A system and method is provided that includes acquiring chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) data with the MRI system and generating an acquired Z-spectrum (Z) from the CEST data. The system and method also includes computing an estimated direct water saturation (Z?) based using at least one of relaxation measurements derived from the CEST data or imaging parameters used to acquire the CEST data with the MRI system, computing a direct saturation corrected Z-spectrum (?Z) using the acquired Z-spectrum (Z) and the estimated direct water saturation (Z?), and generating a CEST image of the subject using the direct saturation corrected Z-spectrum (?Z).

Abstract: A method for providing an estimated 3D T2 map for magnetic resonance imaging using a Double-Echo Steady-State (DESS) sequence for a volume of an object in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system is provided. A DESS scan of the volume is provided by the MRI system. Signals S1 and S2 are acquired by the MRI system. Signals S1 and S2 are used to provide a T2 map for a plurality of slices of the volume, comprising determining repetition time (TR), echo time (TE), flip angle ?, and an estimate of the longitudinal relaxation time (T1), and wherein the DESS scan has a spoiler gradient with an amplitude G and a duration ? and ignoring echo pathways having spent more than two repetition times in the transverse plane.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing quantitative maps of a longitudinal relaxation parameter, such as a longitudinal relaxation time (“T1”), using magnetic resonance imaging (“MRI”) are described. More particularly, a pulse sequence and imaging method for cardiac phase-resolved myocardial T1 mapping are provided.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for determining coefficients for use in correcting a magnetic relaxation time constant, T, value obtained via magnetic resonance imaging when a pulse rate was at a first pulse rate value to a T value reflecting the T value that would have been obtained if the pulse rate was at a second pulse rate value. The technique includes, for each region of interest, pairing an obtained derivative, m, and an obtained offset, c, as an ordered pair (c, m). The technique further includes fitting the obtained plurality of ordered pairs (c, m) to a polynomial function, and determining the values of the coefficients from the polynomial function.

Abstract: A system for magnetic resonance imaging an object via a stochastic optimization of a sampling function is provided. The system includes a magnet assembly and a controller. The magnet assembly is operative to acquire MR data from the object. The controller is operative to: acquire a first MR data set using the magnet assembly; select the sampling function from a plurality of sampling function candidates based at least in part on the stochastic optimization; and acquire a second MR data set from the object using the magnet assembly based at least in part on the sampling function.

Abstract: In a method and magnetic resonance (MR) apparatus for echo-planar MR imaging with which MR signals are entered in raw-data space with a zigzag-type trajectory, a sequence of readout gradients and phase-encoding gradients is applied such that a zigzag-type undersampled trajectory in raw-data space is filled, such that with the signal echoes being shifted by up to a quarter of the acquired raw-data space in the direction of the readout axis. Image data are reconstructed using a parallel-imaging reconstruction algorithm that operates on the raw data acquired in the zigzag-type trajectory, based on an interlaced Fourier transform.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for parallel recording of a magnetic resonance dataset with a number of reception coils, wherein the measurement data acquired by each coil are a predetermined part of a complete set of k-space data, an excitation pulse applied, followed by a refocusing pulse. The resulting echo signal of an image dataset is acquired while a first read gradient activated. A gradient in the phase direction is designed to be activated in order to acquire additional echo signal while an additional readout gradient is activated. The gradient in the phase direction is designed so that the additional echo signal contains k-space data that supplements the predetermined part of the k-space data.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry estimates transmission inhomogeneity caused in a transmit RF magnetic field from a first image based on a first signal received by a whole-body coil, and estimates reception inhomogeneity caused in a receive RF magnetic field from the first image and a second image based on a second signal received by a surface coil. The processing circuitry generates a third image, having a resolution higher than a resolution of the first image and a resolution of the second image, based on a third signal received by the surface coil. The processing circuitry corrects the third image by using the estimated transmission inhomogeneity and reception inhomogeneity.

Abstract: One object is to correct with a high accuracy a plurality of magnetic sensors arranged inside a small magnetic detection apparatus. The magnetic detection apparatus that detects magnetism of a paper sheet being transported includes a plurality of magnetic sensors arranged in a linear manner in a direction orthogonal to a transport direction of the paper sheet; an excitation member having a plate-shape that extends in an arrangement direction of the plurality of magnetic sensors; and a control unit that generates a calibration magnetic field by passing an electric current in the arrangement direction through the excitation member, and obtains a correction value for correcting variation in sensitivity of the plurality of magnetic sensors based on detection results of the calibration magnetic field detected by the plurality of magnetic sensors.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus receive a signal from a first wireless device through a first antenna, of a plurality of antennas, the signal including a first segment and a second segment. Responsive to detecting a change in the signal from the first segment to the second segment, embodiments traverse the plurality of antennas to receive the second segment through each of the plurality of antennas. Embodiments determine a plurality of phase samples, each associated with the second segment received through one of the plurality of antennas. Embodiment then use the plurality of phase samples to calculate direction data associated with the first wireless device.

Abstract: A system, device and method that enables units to communicate with each other and point to each other's location without requiring line-of-sight to satellites or any other infrastructure. Further, the system, device and method are able to operate outdoors as well as indoors and overcome multipath interference in a deterministic algorithm, while providing bearings at three dimensions, not only location but actual direction.

Abstract: A vehicle and a traffic infrastructure device both determine their respective locations, at least one of which uses a positioning device to determine its location. At least one sends its respective location to the other, which compares the two locations, identifies a location difference, generates calibration information based on the location difference, and either calibrates the positioning device based on the calibration information or transmits the calibration information to the other device for the other device to calibrate the positioning device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for supporting a hybrid mode positioning scheme in a wireless communication system is provided. While using a first positioning mode, a user equipment (UE) receives information on a triggering condition for the positioning mode switch from a network, i.e. an evolved serving mobile location center (E-SMLC). The UE determines that the triggering condition is satisfied, and switches the positioning mode from the first positioning mode to a second positioning mode.

Abstract: Various embodiments determine a position of a wireless device and enable the wireless device to retrieve the determined location. In one embodiment, a system comprises of at least one wireless transmitting device, a plurality of wireless receivers, and at least one server. Each of the plurality of wireless devices receive signals from the wireless transmitting device with unknown position and send time stamped information to the server. Each of the plurality of wireless device also sends unique identifying information about the wireless transmitting device. The server calculates a position of the wireless transmitting device by considering the inputs received from the plurality of wireless receivers. The wireless device obtains its position from the server. The process can be executed on demand or at regular frequent intervals.

Abstract: Various examples of methods and systems are provided for direct closed-form finite alphabet constant-envelope waveforms for planar array beampatterns. In one example, a method includes defining a waveform covariance matrix based at least in part upon a two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D-FFT) analysis of a frequency domain matrix Hf associated with a planar array of antennas. Symbols can be encoded based upon the waveform covariance matrix and the encoded symbols can be transmitted via the planar array of antennas. In another embodiment, a system comprises an N×M planar array of antennas and transmission circuitry configured to transmit symbols via a two-dimensional waveform beampattern defined based at least in part upon a 2D-FFT analysis of a frequency domain matrix Hf associated with the planar array of antennas.

Abstract: An antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of antenna arrays, wherein the antenna array comprises: a power feeding part; and a plurality of radiators disposed to be spaced apart from the power feeding part, wherein the plurality of antenna arrays are alternately disposed from each other so that the spacing between the phase centers of the radiators is ?/2 or less.

Abstract: A radar system includes a transmitter, a receiver and a processor. The receiver receives radio signal that includes the transmitted radio signal reflected from targets in the environment. The received radio signal is provided to the processor. The processor samples the received radio signal during a plurality of time intervals to produce a sampled stream. The different time intervals of the plurality of time intervals will contain different signal levels of radio signals reflected from the targets. The processor also selects a particular time interval of the plurality of time intervals that is free of samples of radio signals reflected off of the targets that are closer than a first threshold distance from an equipped vehicle. The transmitter and/or the receiver is adjusted such that samples of radio signals reflected off of targets that are farther than the first threshold distance are detected.

Abstract: A vehicle, radar system of the vehicle and method of operating a radar system. The radar system includes a first sensor that generates a first chirp signal; a second sensor for generating a second chirp signal and which received reflected signals. One of the first sensor and second sensor receives a signal that includes a first reflected signal related to the first chirp signal and a second reflected signal related to the second chirp signal. A processor multiplies the received signal by one of the first chirp signal and the second chirp signal to obtain a desired signal indicative of one of the first reflected signal and the second reflected signal and an interference signal indicative of the other of the first reflected signal and the second reflected signal, and applies a filter to the mixed signal to separate the interference signal from the desired signal.