Abstract: A circulation cooking device includes a housing and two casings. Within the housing and the casings, there are provided two sets of a wheel control device, a temperature limiting thermostat, a circuit board for switch control, a mechanical fan for drawing cold air in and expelling hot air out, a main circuit board configured to activate heating and agitation; a drive source for agitation and testing, a support for heating member, an electric heating member, a fan blade assembly, and an inlet device. The circulation cooking device can mounted on a large container by a seat for single container or two small containers by a seat for double container.

Abstract: A brewer system includes a reservoir, a steeping chamber movable relative to the reservoir and positioned over a mouth of the reservoir, and a filter tape positioned between the chamber and the reservoir. Brewing substance and water are added to the chamber and can be controllably agitated using a controllable gas pump coupled to the reservoir to form a brewed beverage. The brewed beverage can be drawn through the filter tape and into the reservoir through the mouth under the influence of a controllable vacuum pump coupled to and controllably communicating with the reservoir.

Abstract: A capsule containing a substance for the preparation of a potable beverage. The capsule comprises an aluminum capsule body having a side wall and an outwardly extending flange and a sealing member at the outwardly extending flange for providing a fluid sealing contact with an enclosing member of a beverage preparation device. The beverage preparation device comprises an annular element having a free contact end which may be provided with a plurality of radially extending open grooves. The sealing member is integral with the outwardly extending flange and comprises at least one projection projecting from the outwardly extending flange. The projection comprising a projection top and is configured such that its projection top exerts a radial force on the free contact end of the annular element if the capsule is positioned in the enclosing member of the beverage preparation device and the enclosing member is closed by means of a closing member of the beverage preparation device.

Abstract: An apparatus for making espresso coffee has at least one delivery unit, a hydraulic circuit connected to the delivery unit, and a driving device having a lever movable between a first position and a second position. The delivery unit has a first cylinder with a piston slidably mounted therein and at least one braking device having a second cylinder. The second cylinder is connected to a circuit independent of the first cylinder. The movement of the first cylinder charges water and discharges water from the first cylinder.

Abstract: An automatic handmade drink brewing packing equipment contains: a delivery unit, an ordering unit, a material preparation unit, a drink cup unit, a storage unit, a seasoning unit, a stirring unit, and an automatic capping unit. The delivery unit includes a rail on which a dropping area, a material supply area, a first flavoring area, a first mixing area, a packaging area, and a sales area are arranged. The ordering unit includes a display screen and a central controller. The material preparation unit includes an automatic control device and multiple accommodation tanks. The drink cup unit includes multiple cup holders and drink cups. The storage unit includes plural storing tanks and control valves. The seasoning unit includes plural first flavoring buckets and second flavoring buckets. The stirring unit includes a first stirrer and a first power member. The automatic capping unit includes a sealing machine.

Abstract: An assemblable grill can be dismantled and is easy to clean, and a grill bridge may also be dismantled and is easy to clean. Additionally, the assemblable grill includes first and second stands, and multiple grates assembled such that both side portions thereof are inserted in and coupled to the first and second stands. Furthermore, grates can easily be separated from the first and second stands for cleaning.

Abstract: A rotisserie grill cooker has a base, a support post, a cantilevered rail, a cage-drive assembly, and a firepit. Together these enable a user to suspend a rotating food rack over a heat source. Specifically, the base is a rigid structure to which one end of the support post is pivotably connected. The cantilevered rail extends away from the support post over the heat source. The cantilevered rail is positioned offset from the base along the support post, so the food rack can be suspended in between the cantilevered rail and the firepit that traverses through the base. The cage-drive assembly is a motorized support system, is slidably engaged along the cantilevered rail, and rotates the food rack. The support assembly has a carriage that is connected in between a drive system and the cantilevered rail. The heat source is within the firepit and heats the food rack.

Abstract: A decorative decal for altering the aesthetics of a barbeque grill, with the decal comprising a flexible and heat resistant substrate having a visually discernible aesthetic element on its first surface and a smooth non-porous second surface, with the second surface suitable for attaching the substrate to the outer surface of the barbeque grill by use of static cling; and a method of use of the decal.

Abstract: Embodiments of a side shelf for coupling to an outdoor cooking station configured to control placement of objects adjacent a cooking surface of the outdoor cooking station. The side shelf includes an upward facing flat surface extending to a front periphery, a rear periphery, an outer periphery and an inner periphery. Further, the upward facing flat surface includes an upstanding elongated ridge, the upstanding elongated ridge extending above the upward facing flat surface and extending at least partially along the inner periphery of the upward facing flat surface. With this arrangement, the upstanding elongated ridge extends to define a set-back from the cooking surface for controlled placement of the objects on the upward facing flat surface.

Abstract: A grinding device includes a storage base having a storage cavity, a grating member having a plurality of passage holes, a grinding handle having an actuating portion and a grinding cavity, at least one grinding member provided in the grinding cavity. The grinding member includes a protruding body protruding in the grinding cavity and extending in a radial direction of the grinding handle, and a plurality of grinding teeth provided on the protruding body. The grinding teeth extend in a transverse direction of the protruding body. When a predetermined amount of the food or herb items is disposed in the grinding cavity, and when the grinding handle is driven to rotate with respect to the storage base and the grating member, the grinding teeth are arranged to cut the food or herb items into fine pieces.

Abstract: An herb grinder intended to be driven by the thumb in one hand to shave an herb with a plurality of blades. The grinder is a rectangular body comprised of a thumb piece, upper cover, pressurized plate, sliding body, central chamber, and bottom chamber. The top thumb piece is serrated for improved grip. The upper cover allows for the insertion of the herbs, spices, or other foodstuffs. The pressurized plate performs a tamping operation of the food product into the sliding body forcing a downward bias against the blades. The sliding body travels along linear indentations of the central chamber during operation to allow the blades to shear the food, which is evacuated from the central chamber into the bottom chamber.

Abstract: The egg peeler device accessories comprise replaceable top caps for an egg peeler such that each replaceable top cap reconfigures the egg peeler to perform a specific task. The replaceable top caps fit onto the top end of a body of the egg peeler in place of an original top cap. The first replaceable top cap reconfigures the egg peeler to separate egg yolks and egg whites. This cap comprises a plurality of slots around a concave portion of the cap such that egg whites flow through the plurality of slots while the egg yolk remains in the cap. The second replaceable top cap reconfigures the egg peeler to peel one or more cloves of garlic. The cloves are placed within the body and shaken where they strike spikes projecting from the inside surface of the second replaceable top cap, separating the coves and peeling them.

Abstract: A device for cracking shells of nuts comprising a first jaw and a second jaw, the jaws spaced apart and arranged to move together to compress a nut N between them, the first jaw arranged to slide on an arm to amend the spacing of the jaws, the second jaw arranged to be driven along the arm towards the first jaw by a driving mechanism; and a lever; the lever arranged to operate the driving mechanism and drive the second jaw along the arm towards the first jaw; the first jaw held by a user when the lever is pulled, characterized in that the first jaw comprises an elongate first jaw member with an intermediate perforation for passage of the arm, whereas the second jaw comprises an L-shaped part with a pinion arm parallel the arm and moving through the mechanism, and an orthogonally arranged jaw arm parallel the first jaw member.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an intelligent seasoning box for a kitchen, comprising a shell, a seasoning conveying component, a temperature monitor and a master controller, wherein the seasoning conveying component is a liquid-seasoning conveying component; both the seasoning conveying component and the master controller are arranged in the shell; the temperature monitor is connected by a universal hose and points to the center of a frying pan; the seasoning conveying component and the temperature monitor are electrically connected with the master controller respectively; the shell is provided with a containing cavity for containing liquid-seasoning bottles; the seasoning conveying component comprises conveying pipes, conveying pumps and a spraying nozzle; the conveying pumps are electrically connected with the master controller.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for a one-piece tileable shower unit having pre-assembled full length walls and having a floor with a curb surrounding a central drain wherein the inner surface of the shower stall is coated with a thinset for having individual tile unit pieces attached thereto wherein the shower stall unit is made of one-piece. A first embodiment includes a foam base and a second embodiment includes fiberglass to which the individual tile units are attached.

Abstract: A shower attachment to keep steam within a bathroom shower includes a plurality of telescopic rods, a first dome panel, a second dome panel, at least one inner fastener, and at least one outer fastener. The plurality of telescopic rods is mounted opposite of each other and functions as a framing structure. The first dome panel and the second dome panel are slidably positioned offset of each other to fit within opposing walls of a bathroom shower. The first dome panel and the second dome panel are terminally mounted to each other by the at least one inner fastener and the at least one outer fastener so that the first dome panel and the second dome panel can position atop the plurality of telescopic rods. Resultantly, the first dome panel and the second dome panel are able to trap the steam vapor within a bathroom shower.

Abstract: A foaming dispenser has a mixing chamber configured to mix a liquid and a gas to foam the liquid, a first liquid passage configured to supply the liquid to the mixing chamber, and a discharge opening configured to discharge the foamed liquid, the mixing chamber includes a plurality of second liquid passages branching and extending from the first liquid passage, a liquid passage meeting where one second liquid passage meets another second liquid passage, a gas passage configured to supply the gas to the liquid flowing from the plurality of second liquid passages to the liquid passage meeting, and a hole that is provided on a downstream side of the gas passage and communicates with the discharge opening.

Abstract: A shower accessory for use in combination with soap and washcloth that produces a lather quickly. The shower accessory includes a member having a first end, a second end, an upper side, and a lower side. A portion of the member includes an irregular surface having a plurality of oblong protrusions that vary in size and disposed in a random pattern across the irregular surface of the member and designed to increase the total amount of lather produced by the soap. A concave portion is disposed on the lower surface of the member designed to allow the lather to quickly increase in volume. In this way, a user can quickly and efficiently clean themselves.

Abstract: A dispenser includes a dispenser body having an interior cavity, and an aperture that communicates with the interior cavity. The dispenser also includes a loading door and a lid. The lid engages a dispenser surface when in the closed position to thereby create a substantially gas impermeable seal. The dispenser further includes a mounting surface disposed within the interior cavity and proximal the aperture. The mounting surface includes a mounting interface that permits substantially gas impermeable mounting of a cartridge while permitting access to the cartridge from the exterior of the dispensing body through the aperture.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a sanitary washing device includes a main part, a toilet seat, and a sensor. The toilet seat is supported to be rotatable. The sensor is provided in an interior of the main part and uses a radio wave to detect a user in front of the main part. A position of the sensor does not change. In a state in which the toilet seat is closed, the user in front of the main part is detected by the sensor in a first region and a second region higher than the first region. In a state in which the toilet seat is open, the user in front of the main part is detected by the sensor in the first region without the user in front of the main part being detected by the sensor in the second region.

Abstract: A toilet training device has a pair of hook-shaped handles on opposite sides of the base. The base is recessed in at least two (2) regions which prevents the base from covering the entire surface area of the toilet bowl water. Further, the base has a shape able to contour to the interior shape of the toilet bowl. A plurality of decorative targets is disposed upon the upper surface of the base. The exterior surface of the base is coated with a thermochromic pigment.

Abstract: A mobile cleaning robot includes a removable filter unit configured to receive a supply airflow generated by a blower and to filter debris from the supply airflow, a filter seat, a filter access opening, a filter access door, and a filter presence system. The filter access door is pivotable between a closed position, wherein the filter access door covers the filter access opening, and an open position, wherein the filter access door is displaced from the filter access opening to permit access to the filter seat. The filter presence system is configured to: permit the filter access door to move from the open position into the closed position when the filter unit is disposed in the filter seat; and prevent the filter access door from being moved into the closed position when the filter unit is not disposed in the filter seat. The filter presence system includes a lift arm movable between an extended position and a retracted position.

Abstract: Provided is a cleaner including a dust collecting device for separating dust from air, wherein the dust collecting device includes a dust collecting case having a dust discharging port opened to discharge the collected dust; a discharge cover coupled to one side of the dust collecting case to open and close the dust discharge port; and a sealing member provided to extend from an inner surface of the dust collecting case to a coupling surface of the dust collecting case while being in contact with the dust collecting case and thus to be sealed when the dust discharging port is closed.

Abstract: A method for adjusting a position of suction lips of a floor cleaning machine relative to a floor to be cleaned is proposed, wherein a first suction lip and at least one second suction lip located at a distance therefrom, which are arranged on a suction beam, contact the floor, a fan device generates a suction flow which subjects a space between the first suction lip and the second suction lip to a negative pressure, a negative pressure is detected, and the suction flow is adjusted such that the negative pressure lies at a set value or in a set value range, so that an angle of incidence of the first suction lip and the second suction lip on the floor lies at a set value or in a set value range.

Abstract: A gas-assisted scraping tool includes a housing having a blade support with a cavity that is connectable to a source of a pressurized gas; a blade attached to and extending forwardly of the blade support; and a diffuser attached to the blade support and spacing the blade from the cavity, the diffuser shaped to direct a stream of the pressurized gas from within the cavity lengthwise along the blade and distribute the pressurized gas transversely across a width of the blade, whereby material loosened by the blade is blown away from an end of the blade by the stream of the pressurized gas.

Abstract: A wipe is used with the thumb and at least one finger of one hand of a person. The wipe includes a shell which has a proximal end, a distal end, an outside surface, an inside surface, and an internal cavity. The shell is downwardly tapered from the proximal end to the distal end. The proximal end is open and includes a circular edge. The distal end is dome-shaped. The inside surface includes a ceiling at the distal end. A tab is connected to the ceiling, the tab projects toward the proximal end. The internal cavity is shaped and dimensioned to receive the thumb and at least one finger of the person with the tab disposed between the thumb and the at least one finger of the person.

Abstract: A wringer has a support surface and a first wringer surface depending from the support surface to a second wringer surface having perforations and curving to a free edge substantially below the support surface. The second wringer surface may be curved in an approximately 180 degree arc. The first wringer surface may be flat and also perforated. The support surface may be formed as an inverted channel structure with a closed upper surface and an angled surface extending away from the first wringer surface. The angled surface may extend at an angle approximately 45 degrees. The wringer may be used with one or more buckets, where the wringer is supported from the rim of one bucket or from the adjacent rims of two buckets. A flat first wringer surface may be used to ring a flat mop, and the curved second wringer surface may be used to bring a round mop.

Abstract: A method of cleaning a washing machine and components and systems for enabling a user to clean the washing machine are provided. The method includes gaining access to debris that is trapped in otherwise inaccessible and/or concealed areas and/or directing debris out of inaccessible and/or concealed areas. The components include a jet channel that selectively couples to a discharge manifold in use and is removable to provide access to an interior area of the discharge manifold for cleaning. The systems include a removable mount assembly for accessories and a purging system for pumps and other concealed areas. The purging system is configured to discharge purging fluid through a plurality of purging ports and into concealed areas so as to direct debris in the concealed areas out of the concealed areas.

Abstract: A spraying assembly for a dish washing machine includes: a bottom shell, a spraying seat, a sprayer and an actuator. A water storage chamber is formed in the bottom shell, which is provided with a water inlet in communication with the water storage chamber. The spraying seat is rotatably disposed on the bottom shell and provided with a water input passage in communication with the water storage chamber. The sprayer is provided with at least one spraying arm and rotatably disposed on the spraying seat and a rotation center of the sprayer is eccentrically arranged with respect to a rotation center of the spraying seat. The sprayer is provided with a plurality of spraying orifices, each being in communication with the water input passage. The actuator is connected to the sprayer and the spraying seat respectively to drive the sprayer and the spraying seat to rotate around their respective rotation centers.

Abstract: A dishwasher with a tub and a recirculation pump, which includes a housing defining a chamber and having an inlet fluidly coupled to the tub and an outlet fluidly coupled to the tub, an impeller rotatably mounted within the chamber and expelling liquid from the chamber through the outlet, and a filter fluidly disposed between the inlet and the outlet.

Abstract: A dishwasher appliance having a diverter integrated with a sump of the dishwasher appliance is provided. Features of the diverter integrated with the sump provide for more efficient development of, tooling for, and manufacture of the dishwasher appliance. Further, features of the diverter integrated with the sump may reduce leakage between the sump and the diverter and may also reduce part count of the dishwasher appliance.

Abstract: A dishwasher (100) is disclosed. The dishwasher (100) includes a washing tub (130) for defining a washing space, a rack (200) provided in the washing tub (130) so as to be withdrawn from the washing tub (130) for receiving dishes, and a plurality of spraying units (132, 133, 134) for spraying wash water to the rack (200). The rack (200) includes an outer edge rib (210) for defining a space in which dishes are loaded, a variable space loading unit (240) upwardly and downwardly movably provided at the inside of the outer edge rib (210), and a lifting unit (250) provided at the outer edge rib (210) for upwardly and downwardly moving the variable space loading unit (240) to decrease and increase the loading space of the variable space loading unit (240).

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to an apparatus, system and method for efficiently and rapidly cleaning the bottom of a shoe. The system includes a base having a plurality of alternating, complementary shaped cleansing portions separated by grooves. The configuration of the cleansing portions provides for a sturdy and efficient device for cleaning the bottom of a shoe.

Abstract: A multi-camera endoscope includes a the tip section comprising: a front looking camera and a front discrete illuminator to essentially illuminate the field of view of said front looking camera; a right side looking camera and a right discrete illuminator to essentially illuminate the field of view of said right side looking camera; a left side looking camera and a left discrete illuminator to essentially illuminate the field of view of said left side looking camera; and a multi-component cover configured to cover and seal said tip section such as to essentially prevent entry of fluids from the environment of said endoscope to inner parts of said tip section. The tip cover includes removable or repositionable window components which provide access to internal components of the tip for repair or removal, without removing the main tip cover.

Abstract: An overtube for use with an endoscope includes a tube body defining a longitudinal axis, a central channel defined in the tube body and extending along or parallel to the longitudinal axis between proximal and distal end portions of the tube body, and first and second side channels defined in the tube body and extending along or parallel to the longitudinal axis between the proximal and the distal end portions of the tube body. The central channel is sized and configured to receive an endoscope. The first and second side channels are circumferentially spaced part from each other and disposed between the central channel and an outer surface of the tube body. Each of the first and second side channels is sized and configured to receive a retraction device, and each has an elongated arcuate cross section or perimeter at the distal end portion of the tube body.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a system to control a movement of a magnetic capsule using an external magnet control system. The external magnet control system includes more than one external magnetic balls, and at least one external magnetic ball can be moved freely in five degrees of the freedom.

Abstract: An endoscope having an operating handle comprising a handle housing arranged at a proximal end and an insertion tube extending from said handle towards a distal end of the endoscope and terminating in a steerable tip part at the distal end of the endoscope, the endoscope further comprising a control mechanism with a Bowden cable having an outer guide tube having a first length between a proximal end and a distal end of said outer guide tube and an inner pull-wire having a second length between a proximal end and a distal end of said inner pull-wire, said second length being longer than said first length, the proximal end of the outer guide tube is affixed to the operating handle by means of an adhesive.

Abstract: A robotic arm including a parallel spherical five-bar linkage with a remote center of spherical rotation. The robotic arm movably supports an endoscopic camera. Two outboard links are pivotally coupled together. At least one of the two outboard links supports the endoscopic camera. Two inboard links are respectively pivotally coupled to the two outboard links such that the two inboard links are able to cross over one another. The two inboard links moveably support the two outboard links. A ground link is pivotally coupled to the two inboard links. The ground link moveably supports the two inboard links.

Abstract: A capsule medical device guidance system includes: a capsule medical device including a permanent magnet and configured to be introduced into a subject; a magnetic field generator configured to generate a magnetic field to be applied to the capsule medical device; an operation input device configured to input operation information; and a processor including hardware. The processor is configured to: control the magnetic field generator, based on the operation information input from the operation input device, to change the magnetic field to change at least one of the position and the posture of the capsule medical device; obtain control information for the magnetic field generator in a state where forces acting on the capsule medical device are balanced before starting or when starting operation on the operation input device; and control the magnetic field generator by using the control information after the operation is finished.

Abstract: The instant disclosure provides for medical imaging systems that may be used in conjunction with an intraoperative medical device, such as an endoscope. Generally, the disclosed medical imaging systems include an illumination source configured to generate illuminating photons for illuminating a biological sample. An optical signal modulator is configured to separate one or more of the illuminating photons and photons that have interacted with the biological sample into a first optical signal having first multi-passband wavelengths and a second optical signal having second multi-passband wavelengths. At least one detector is configured to detect one or more of the first optical signal and the second optical signal and generate at least one image data set. A processor is configured to analyze the at least one image data set. In some embodiments, the processor is configured to differentiate between structures of the biological sample, such as between an ureter and surrounding tissue.

Abstract: An endoscopic image formed by an image signal including a narrow-band image signal is acquired. The brightness, hue and saturation of each pixel of the endoscopic image are calculated. The hue H of each pixel of the endoscopic image is changed to a hue H+?H that is away from the hue of a reference color indicating a normal part and the saturation S of each pixel is changed to a saturation S+?S that is away from the saturation of the reference color that is determined according to the brightness of each pixel of the endoscopic image. The endoscopic image in which the brightness of each pixel is the original brightness and which has a color having converted hue and saturation is output.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus includes: a first endoscope that includes a first observation optical system; a second endoscope that includes a second observation optical system different from the first observation optical system, an exit pupil diameter of the second endoscope being larger than an exit pupil diameter of the first endoscope; an imaging device that is connected to one of the first and the second endoscopes, and includes an aperture diaphragm configured to pass light output from the connected one of the first and the second endoscopes, and an imaging unit configured to receive the light passed through the aperture diaphragm and convert the received light into an electric signal; and an image processing device configured to generate an image by using the electric signal generated by the imaging device. A minimum aperture diameter of the aperture diaphragm is larger than the exit pupil diameter of the first endoscope.

Abstract: A light source system includes a normal light source apparatus provided with a light source controller and a light source apparatus for specific light provided with a specific light controller. In a state where communication is enabled, the light source controller adjusts an emission intensity of the normal light, generates a light amount control signal that makes the normal light and the specific light have a predetermined light amount ratio, and sends the light amount control signal to the light source apparatus for specific light. The specific light controller adjusts an emission intensity of the specific light based on the received light amount control signal.

Abstract: Cleaning performance or wiping performance for an observation window is improved in an endoscope. In a distal end face of a distal end part of the endoscope, a guide part rising to a distal end side is provided between an observation window and a fluid injection nozzle. A width of the guide face of the guide part has a narrowed part, and a portion with the narrowest width serves as a fluid guiding part. The fluid guiding part guides fluid passing through a position of the fluid guiding part, in fluid injected from the fluid injection nozzle, to a first fluid route through which the fluid is guided to the observation window. Fluid deviated from the fluid guiding part is guided to a region adjacent to the observation window through a second fluid route.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, computing device readable medium, devices, and systems that utilize a cheek retractor and/or a mobile device holder for case assessment and/or dental treatments. One cheek retractor includes a first and a second lip holder, both including imaging markers of a predetermined size to determine a scale of teeth of a user, where each imaging marker is located a predefined distance from the remaining imaging markers, and where the lip holder is to hold a cheek away from a mouth of a user to expose teeth of the user. A mobile device holder can include elements to receive a mobile device to capture images of the patient's teeth.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments integrate a camera into an intraoral mirror. Integrating a camera into an intraoral mirror provides an efficient way to record and display what is visible to the healthcare provider in the mirror.

Abstract: Implementations described herein include a device having a data collection system, an actuation assembly, and a visible target. The data collection system has an illuminator, a detector, and a beam splitter operably coupled to the detector. The actuation assembly is coupled to the illuminator via a holder and has a motor coupled to a linear actuator and a speed governor. The visible target facilitates alignment of the subject's eye with the data collection system. The illuminator illuminates the target tissue with interrogating radiation and the actuation assembly moves the illuminator from a first position to a second position to scan a focal point of the interrogating radiation through a predefined thickness of the target tissue. The detector detects the at least one value of the at least one characteristic of responding radiation received from or reflected from the target tissue and uses such information to determine the onset and duration of a pathological condition.

Abstract: An optical coherence tomography (OCT) system and method for cross view imaging using at least two B-scan images transformed and coupled to each other at an angle to generate a cross view image.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an improved method for photobleaching an eye of a subject. The disclosed method may be used in a number of psychophysical test methods, including, but not limited to, measurement of dark adaptation. The improved method for photobleaching involves at least one of the following improvements: (i) the use of a bleaching light emitting a particular wavelength of light or a tailored spectrum of wavelengths; (ii) restricting or otherwise spatially tailoring the region of the retina that is subject to photobleaching; and (iii) utilizing a bleaching light having an intensity that is at or below the intensity of ambient daylight. The present disclosure additionally provides a combination of a photobleaching light and an apparatus to administer a psychophysical test suitable for use in practicing the disclosed methods.

Abstract: A visual neuromodulation system includes a processor and a transition function determination module configured to determine a spatial frequency transition function corresponding to a spatial frequency based on user input. The user input includes: (i) a quantity of illusions perceived in response to viewing a spatial frequency pattern associated with the spatial frequency and (ii) a level of discomfort sensed in response to viewing the spatial frequency pattern associated with the spatial frequency. The system also includes a threshold determination module configured to determine a threshold spatial frequency based on the spatial frequency transition function. The system includes, in response to the threshold determination module determining the threshold spatial frequency, a control module that selects a display spatial frequency pattern from a set of spatial frequency patterns.