Abstract: A castable, moldable, or extrudable magnesium-based alloy that includes one or more insoluble additives. The insoluble additives can be used to enhance the mechanical properties of the structure, such as ductility and/or tensile strength. The final structure can be enhanced by heat treatment, as well as deformation processing such as extrusion, forging, or rolling, to further improve the strength of the final structure as compared to the non-enhanced structure. The magnesium-based composite has improved thermal and mechanical properties by the modification of grain boundary properties through the addition of insoluble nanoparticles to the magnesium alloys. The magnesium-based composite can have a thermal conductivity that is greater than 180 W/m-K, and/or ductility exceeding 15-20% elongation to failure.

Abstract: A precipitation strengthening AlCrFeNiV system high entropy alloy is composed of Al 0.30-0.60, Cr 0.20-0.89, Fe 0.60-1.20, Ni 1.50-3.50 and V 0.10-0.30 by weight ratio. The high entropy alloy is manufactured utilizing melting and casting, followed by deformation and heat treatment process.

Abstract: Systems and methods disclosed herein relate to the manufacture of metallic material with a thermal expansion coefficient in a predetermined range, comprising: deforming, a metallic material comprising a first phase and a first thermal expansion coefficient. In response to the deformation, at least some of the first phase is transformed into a second phase, wherein the second phase comprises martensite, and orienting the metallic material in at least one predetermined orientation, wherein the metallic material, subsequent to deformation, comprises a second thermal expansion coefficient, wherein the second thermal expansion coefficient is within a predetermined range, and wherein the thermal expansion is in at least one predetermined direction. In some embodiments, the metallic material comprises the second phase and is thermo-mechanically deformed to orient the grains in at least one direction.

Abstract: A metastable ? titanium alloy is provided, which includes, by weight percent, between 24 and 45% niobium, between 0 and 20% zirconium, between 0 and 10% tantalum and/or between 0 and 1.5% silicon and/or less than 2% oxygen, said alloy having a crystallographic structure containing: a mix of austenitic phase and alpha phase; and a presence of omega phase precipitates the volume fraction of which is less than 10%. Also provided is a timepiece spring made from such an alloy and a method for producing such a spring.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ternary Titanium-Zirconium-Oxygen (Ti—Zr—O) alloy, characterized in that it comprises from 83% to 95.15 mass % of titanium, from 4.5% to 15 mass % of zirconium and from 0.35% to 2 mass % of oxygen, with said alloy being capable of forming a single-phase material consisting of a stable and homogeneous a solid solution of Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP) structure at room temperature. The invention further relates to a method for producing such alloy as well as preferred applications and utilizations thereof.

Abstract: A fine metal mask (100) comprising a pattern region (110) comprising a plurality of openings; and a plurality of alignment holes (120) located outside the pattern region (110). Also disclosed are a display substrate (200) and an alignment method for the fine metal mask (100) for evaporation.

Abstract: A wall surface of an opening of a deposition mask includes a first wall surface that extends from a first end toward a second surface, a second wall surface that extends from a second end toward a first surface, and a connection at which the first wall surface is connected to the second wall surface. When the opening is viewed from the first surface side along a normal direction of the first surface, the first end of the opening includes a first portion that extends in a first direction and has a first dimension and a second portion that extends in a second direction intersecting the first direction and a second dimension shorter than the first dimension. The first wall surface includes a first wall surface section that extends from the first portion toward the connection and a second wall surface section that extends from the second portion toward the connection. A height of the first wall surface section is lower than a height of the second wall surface section.

Abstract: The titanium alloy coating film of the present invention is represented by (Ti1-aMoa)1-xNx, which satisfies 0.0423 a?0.32 and 0.40?x?0.60 and in which the film hardness thereof satisfies at least a condition of 3,000 HV or more; and the titanium alloy target material is represented by Ti1-aMoa, which satisfies 0.04?a?0.32, and in which, when an X-ray diffraction profile is measured on a surface of the target material, a diffraction peak intensity attributed to a single metal phase of Mo is not detected.

Abstract: A method for coating stainless steel press plates includes preparing the stainless steel press plate for coating and coating the stainless steel press plate with a diboride doped with 1%-5% by weight aluminum to produce a diboride-aluminum coating. The step of coating includes applying the diboride-aluminum coating to a stainless steel press plate using a magnetron sputter coating system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a CuO/Se composite film, in which Se with low melting point (221° C.) and strong photosensitivity is introduced into CuO, providing the film with fewer defects and excellent optical, electrical and photoelectric properties. In the preparation method of the invention, Se is introduced into CuO and melted by low-temperature annealing, and then the molten Se can infiltrate CuO to eliminate or reduce defects in the CuO film such as voids and dangling bonds, thereby improving optical, electrical and photoelectric properties of the film and overcoming the shortcomings that CuO has poor crystallinity, high melting point and is decomposed at a high temperature.

Abstract: Provided is a master alloy for a sputtering target, wherein, when elements constituting the master alloy are following X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Y2, and Y3; specifically, where X1 is one or two types of Ta or W; X2 is at least one type of Ru, Mo, Nb or Hf; Y1 is one or two types of Cr or Mn; Y2 is one or two types of Co or Ni; and Y3 is one or two types of Ti or V, the master alloy comprises any one combination of X1-Y1, X1-Y2, X1-Y3, X2-Y1, and X2-Y2 of the foregoing constituent elements. This consequently yields superior effects of being able to obtain a sintered sputtering target with few defects and having a high-density and uniform alloy composition, and, by using this target, to realize the deposition of an alloy barrier film with uniform quality and few particles at a high speed.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, the temperature control roller may comprise: a cylindrical roller shell, which has a multiplicity of gas outlet openings; a temperature control device, which is configured to supply and/or extract thermal energy to or from the cylindrical roller shell; multiple gas lines made to extend along the axis of rotation; a gas distributing structure, which couples the multiple gas lines and the multiplicity of gas outlet openings to one another in a gas-conducting manner, the gas distributing structure having a lower structure density than the multiplicity of gas outlet openings.

Abstract: A system and method for controllably varying the thickness of film deposition on a spherical or other non-flat substrate during high volume manufacturing is described. A gripping X-Y transfer stage rotates a substrate in-situ in a direction film deposition chamber. The transfer stage is driven at variable speeds to realize a desired distribution of film thickness variation around the surface of the substrate. Spatial variations in disposition thickness can be smoothly and continuously variable or abruptly changed.

Abstract: A method and a device for coating a vaporizing substrate are provided, wherein a film coating 12 is deposited on at least a part of a substrate 10 during the time when the substrate undergoes phase transition from essentially liquid phase to gaseous phase. Gaseous species 101 formed upon vaporizing at least the portion of the substrate material, when undergoing chemical deposition reactions in gaseous phase, produce particulate 11 that forms at least one coating layer to produce the film coating 12.

Abstract: There is provided a film forming method including: supplying a halogen-free silicon raw material gas into a processing container that accommodates a substrate therein in a halogen-free silicon raw material gas supply process; supplying a halogen-containing silicon raw material gas into the processing container in a halogen-containing silicon raw material gas supply process; removing the halogen-containing silicon raw material gas inside the processing container in a halogen-containing silicon raw material gas removal process; and repeating a cycle including a sequence of the halogen-free silicon raw material gas supply process, the halogen-containing silicon raw material gas supply process, and the halogen-containing silicon raw material gas removal process in a continuous manner.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus, including a reaction chamber, at least one coating material inlet to the reaction chamber, a movable substrate support to support 3D substrates to be coated, and an actuator configured to move the substrate support to change the orientation of said 3D substrates during substrate processing. A method for coating 3D substrates, the method including providing 3D substrates within a reaction chamber on a substrate support, feeding at least one coating material into the reaction chamber, and changing the orientation of said 3D substrates during substrate processing by actuating a movement of the substrate support.

Abstract: A substrate holder 10 in the form of a mesh structure with a sample-receiving surface 10A is provided. The substrate holder 10 containing the samples 21 is at least partially folded and inserted into a substrate processing apparatus to produce coated samples 21A by directing at least one coating material P1, P2, . . . , Pn onto the samples through the mesh structure. A substrate processing system and a method for producing coated substrates are further provided.

Abstract: Fixture (1) for exposing two opposite ends of an object to be coated (6) to a vapor deposition while masking an intermediate portion (8) of the object against being coated, comprising an object holding device (OHD), whereas the object holding device (OHD) consists of at least one battery (3) of hole plate strips (2) which are designed and arranged that way that each single hole (retaining hole; H) is formed by a pair of hole plate strips (2) that way that the first segment (4) of the hole (H) is embodied by the preceding hole plate strip (2) and that the second segment (5) of the hole (H) is embodied by the subsequent hole plate strip (2).

Abstract: A film-forming device which includes a chamber having a horizontal central axis, capable of maintaining a vacuum, and movable along the horizontal central axis, the chamber including an inner chamber and an outer chamber that houses the inner chamber; a workpiece holder that aligns and holds workpieces to be processed in multiple stages in the inner chamber; and a heater that heats an inside of the chamber.

Abstract: A film-forming device that includes a cylindrical chamber capable of maintaining vacuum therein, a workpiece holder that is constructed to align and hold workpieces to be processed in multiple stages such that main surfaces of the workpieces are oriented in a vertical direction relative to a central axis of the chamber, a deposition material supply pipe, a modifier supply pipe, a carrier gas supply pipe, and an exhaust mechanism, wherein in a cross section of the chamber in a direction parallel to the main surfaces of the workpieces, the exhaust mechanism is located on a side opposite to an opening direction of gas outlets of the deposition, modifier, and carrier gas supply pipes, and a total gas flow from the deposition, modifier, and carrier gas supply pipes is symmetric about a centerline of the chamber.

Abstract: A medical stent, including a squeezable and expandable tubular wire mesh and an anti-sticking atomic layer deposition coating deposited on surfaces of the wire mesh. A method for manufacturing a medical stent, including taking a squeezable and expandable (i.e., deformable) tubular wire mesh, and depositing an anti-sticking atomic layer deposition coating on surfaces of the wire mesh to prevent the wire mesh from being stuck with itself when expanding from a squeezed form to a fully expanded form.

Abstract: A gas distribution plate for a showerhead assembly of a processing chamber may include at least a first plate and second plate. The first plate may include a first plurality holes each having a diameter of at least about 100 um. The second plate may include a second plurality of holes each having a diameter of at least about 100 um. Further, each of the first plurality of holes is aligned with a respective one of the second plurality of holes forming a plurality of interconnected holes. Each of the interconnected holes is isolated from each other interconnected holes.

Abstract: An aerosol ink is generally provided, along with methods of forming an aerosol ink. In one embodiment, the aerosol ink includes a plurality of chromium-containing metallic microparticles dispersed in a solvent system. Generally, the chromium-containing metallic microparticles comprise elemental chromium mixed with at least one alloying element. A non-contact method is also generally provided of forming a chromium-containing metallic layer on a surface of a substrate.

Abstract: A metal-plated carbon material includes: a carbon material; and a metal layer covering a surface of the carbon material, in which, in the metal layer, crystal grains forming the metal layer have an average crystal grain size of 110 nm or less. A method of manufacturing a metal-plated carbon material, includes: a metal complex fixation step of immersing a carbon material in a supercritical fluid or subcritical fluid containing an organometallic complex of a first metal; and a first energization deposition step of energizing the metal-complex-fixed carbon material in an electroless plating solution containing a second metal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a surface treatment technology that gives excellent surface functionality to surfaces of a variety of large-area substrate materials. According to the present invention, when precursor solution containing an organosilane and a metal alkoxide is coated on a substrate material to form a polymerization initiator layer by a sol-gel process, a polymerization initiator group-containing organosilane having a formula: X—R1-(Ph)k-(R2)m—Si—R3nR43-n (X stands for a halogen atom, R1 stands for an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, Ph stands for a phenylene group, R2 stands for a C1 to C10 alkylene group optionally via an oxygen atom, R3 stands for an alkoxy or chloro group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R4 stands for an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, k is 0 or 1, m is 0 or 1, and n is 1, 2 or 3) is used as the organosilane.

Abstract: A coated cutting tool for chip forming machining of metals includes a substrate having a surface coated with a chemical vapour deposition (CVD) coating. The substrate is coated with a coating having a layer of ?-Al2O3, wherein the ?-Al2O3 layer exhibits a texture coefficient TC(0 0 12)?7.2 and wherein the ratio of I(0 0 12)/I(0 1 14)?0.8. The coating further includes a MTCVD TiCN layer located between the substrate and the ?-Al2O3 layer. The MTCVD TiCN layer exhibits a pole figure, as measured by EBSD, in a portion of the MTCVD TiCN layer parallel to the outer surface of the coating and less than 1 ?m from the outer surface of the MTCVD TiCN, wherein a pole plot based on the data of the pole figure, with a bin size of 0.25° over a tilt angle range of 0°???45° from the normal of the outer surface of the coating shows a ratio of intensity within ??15° tilt angle to the intensity within 0°???45° of ?45%.

Abstract: In a component made of press-form-hardened, aluminium-based coated steel sheet, the coating has a covering which contains aluminum and silicon applied in the hot-dip process. The press-form-hardened component in the transition region between steel sheet and covering has an inter-diffusion zone I, wherein, depending on the layer application of the covering before heating and press hardening, the thickness of the inter-diffusion zone I obeys the following formula: I [?m]<( 1/35)×application on both sides [g/m2]+( 19/7). Formed on the inter-diffusion zone I is a zone having various intermetallic phases having an average total thickness between 8 and 50 ?m, on which zone there is in turn arranged a covering layer containing aluminum oxide and/or hydroxide having an average thickness of at least 0.05 ?m to at most 5 ?m.

Abstract: Thermal atomic layer etching processes are disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods comprise at least one etch cycle in which the substrate is alternately and sequentially exposed to a first vapor phase halide reactant and a second vapor halide reactant. In some embodiments, the first reactant may comprise an organic halide compound. During the thermal ALE cycle, the substrate is not contacted with a plasma reactant.

Abstract: Thermal atomic layer etching processes are disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods comprise at least one etch cycle in which the substrate is alternately and sequentially exposed to a first vapor phase halide reactant and a second vapor halide reactant. In some embodiments, the first reactant may comprise an organic halide compound. During the thermal ALE cycle, the substrate is not contacted with a plasma reactant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multiple-step method for the corrosion-protective pretreatment of components, said pretreatment being at least partially produced from a metal material predominantly consisting of at least one of the elements iron zinc and/or aluminium, according to which the components are first brought into contact with an acid aqueous composition (A) containing water-soluble compounds of the elements Zr and/or Ti and then with an acid aqueous composition (B) containing phosphate ions and an accelerator. The method is particularly suitable for the pretreatment before an electrocoating.

Abstract: In a method for cathodically protecting and/or passivating a metal section in an ionically conductive material such as steel reinforcement in concrete or mortar, an impressed current or sacrificial anode communicates ionic current to the metal section and a storage component of electrical energy which can be a cell, battery or capacitor is provided as a component of the anode. A current limiter is provided which prevents excess current draining the supply. This can be a semi-conductive device such as a transistor or diode is connected in the path from the anode to the metal section to limit the cathodic protection current to a value of the order of 1 milliamp. When a diode or similar device is used the current can be limited to the reverse leakage current of the diode.

Abstract: In a method for cleaning a non-machined aluminum alloy product involving alkaline degreasing and treatment thereof after alkaline pickling with an acidic solution, the aluminum alloy product undergoes (a) initial acid cleaning before alkaline degreasing or (b) alkaline degreasing, followed by a subsequent acid rinse, alkaline treatment anew and an additional acid rinse thereafter. The aluminum alloy product may be a rolled aluminum alloy strip, a rolled aluminum alloy sheet and an aluminum alloy profile.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a surface treatment composition and methods for using same. The composition for removing contaminants from a metallic surface, can include 3 wt % to 40 wt % of at least one bifunctional alkaline compound, 0.03 wt % to 10 wt % of at least one oxidizer comprising a metal salt, and water, where all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: The method includes two technological segments (i) a reduction segment and (ii) an oxidation segment that are interconnected by various support technological processes for the regeneration of solutions and gases and heat recuperation. The reduction segment includes an electrolysis that is performed from a solution of chloride salts of an energy carrier. During the electrolysis, these elements reduce to a lower oxidation state, solidify on the electrodes or precipitate to a solid state. The solid substance thus obtained is the energy carrier that can be stored outside of the electrolyser until a need for additional energy emerges. During the electrolysis, chlorine gas develops that is collected and dissolved in water. An HCl solution is regenerated, which is used in the oxidation segment. Oxygen is released in this process.

Abstract: Methods of making aliphatic compounds having two or more electron withdrawing groups and compositions comprising aliphatic organic compounds having one or more electron withdrawing groups. The methods are based on electrohydrodimerization of aliphatic olefinic compounds having one or more electron withdrawing groups using pulsed potential waveforms. A method may produce adiponitrile by electrolysis of acrylonitrile using pulsed waveforms. A composition may be an electrochemically produced organic phase composition. A composition may comprise one or more undesirable products, such as, for example, propionitrile, AN-derived oligomers, and the like. A composition may not have been subjected to any purification and/or separation after electrochemical production of one or more aliphatic compounds comprising two or more electron withdrawing groups.

Abstract: Photoelectrochemical (PEC) technology for the conversion of solar energy into chemicals may require cost-effective photoelectrodes to efficiently and stably drive anodic and/or cathodic half-reactions to complete the overall reactions for storing solar energy in chemical bonds. Apparatus and systems incorporating effectively transparent metal catalysts enable the design and/or implementation of PEC devices for light harvesting. Triple-junction photocathodes with the triangular catalyst grids are provided to improve the efficiency of the photocathodes to generate renewable fuel from sunlight.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly for an electrochemical cell, in particular a co-electrolysis cell for CO2 reduction reaction, can overcome the problem of parasitic CO2 pumping from cathode to anode side and, at the same time, maintain good Faradaic efficiency towards CO2 reduction reaction in a co-electrolysis system where pure or diluted gaseous CO2 is used. The assembly includes an MEA, having an anode, a cathode, a polymer ion exchange membrane between cathode and anode, an additional ion exchange polymer film between the cathode and the polymer ion exchange membrane and a discontinuous interface formed between the additional polymer film located at the cathode side and the ion exchange membrane.

Abstract: Catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and method of forming the catalysts are provided. The catalysts may include a metal chalcogenide film comprising chalcogen atom vacancies. A density of the chalcogen atom vacancies may be from about 5% to about 15%. The catalysts may further include a substrate on which the metal chalcogenide film extends. The substrate may include nickel, titanium, silver, zinc, and/or platinum. The catalysts may also include hydrogen ions disposed a surface of the metal chalcogenide film. The metal chalcogenide film may be a monolayer film including dopants, and the dopants may be nickel atoms, cobalt atoms, zinc atoms, iron atoms, rhenium (Re) atoms, and/or Niobium (Nb) atoms.

Abstract: Oxygen evolution electrocatalysts, electrodes using oxygen evolution electrocatalysts, and methods of making oxygen evolution electrocatalysts are provided. The oxygen evolution electrocatalyst includes an oxide electrocatalyst and a permselective amorphous layer deposited on the oxide electrocatalyst. In this regard, the permselective amorphous layer may prevent diffusion of redox ions but permit diffusion of hydroxide ions and evolved O2 through the permselective amorphous layer.

Abstract: Metal-hydroxide-organic framework compositions, methods of making metal-hydroxide-organic framework compositions and methods of using metal-hydroxide-organic framework compositions are described.

Abstract: A method for transforming a crystal form of an electrolyte containing lithium for aluminum electrolysis includes the following steps: S1, pulverizing the electrolyte containing lithium; S2, uniformly mixing an additive with the electrolyte powder to obtain a mixture, wherein the additive is one or more selected from the group consisting of an oxide of an alkali metal other than lithium, an oxo acid salt of an alkali metal other than lithium, and a halide of an alkali metal other than lithium; a molar ratio of a sum of alkali metal fluoride contained in the electrolyte, alkali metal fluoride directly added from the additive, and alkali metal fluoride to which the additive is converted under the high-temperature calcination condition in the mixture to aluminum fluoride is greater than 3; S3, calcining the mixture at a high temperature.

Abstract: The present invention refers to an electroplating bath for depositing chromium which comprises at least one trivalent chromium salt, at least one complexing agent, at least one halogen salt and optionally further additives. Moreover, the invention refers to a process for depositing chromium on a substrate using the mentioned electroplating bath.

Abstract: An example electroplating method comprises feeding fresh electrolyte solution into a bath reservoir via a first inlet of the bath reservoir, and bleeding used electrolyte solution out of the bath reservoir via first outlet of the bath reservoir. Recycled electrolyte solution is received into the bath reservoir via a second inlet of the bath reservoir, and electrolyte solution is discharged from the bath reservoir via a second outlet of the bath reservoir. By-products generated by a plating cell are extracted using an extraction column. A first particle filter is disposed in a fluid pathway between the second outlet of the bath reservoir and the inlet of the plating cell, and a second particle filter is disposed in a fluid pathway between the outlet of the extraction column and the second inlet of the bath reservoir.

Abstract: A sputtering equipment configured to grow a gallium oxide film on a substrate is proposed, and the sputtering equipment may include: a chamber; a stage located in the chamber and configured to secure the substrate thereon; a gallium target located in the chamber and including gallium elements; a first power supply configured to apply voltage to the gallium target; and an oxygen element supplier configured to supply oxygen elements into the chamber.

Abstract: A sapphire ribbon of the present disclosure has a width, a thickness, and a length that are orthogonal to one another, a length direction is a growth direction, and the sapphire ribbon further has two main surfaces separate from each other in a thickness direction, and the width is at least 40 cm. Further, a monocrystalline ribbon manufacturing apparatus using EFG method according to the present disclosure includes a crucible having a width greater than a depth thereof, a die pair installed in the crucible and facing each other across a slit in the depth direction, a first heater and a second heater disposed around the crucible and facing each other in the depth direction, and a third heater and a fourth heater disposed around the crucible and facing each other in the width direction.

Abstract: A method for producing a protein polymer fiber, the method comprising providing a liquid protein solution in a container for liquid, and repeatedly moving the liquid surface in the container back and forth between a first and a second position. Said movement of the liquid surface is such that the protein polymer solution is allowed to form a film in the interface between the liquid surface of the liquid protein solution and a surrounding fluid. The movement of the liquid surface being performed by respectively raising and lowering the liquid surface relative to the container or by moving an object extending through the liquid surface of the liquid protein solution. Also, a device for performing said method.

Abstract: An elastic fiber is provided that includes polyurethane and/or polyurethaneurea and an additive such as polystyrene, an acrylic polymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone, copolymers thereof, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof. The elastic fiber is useful in laminate structures, such as disposable hygiene articles as wells as in knit, woven and nonwoven fabric constructions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing biodegradable fibers on the basis of a silane compound, said silane compound being crosslinked during production and, at least to some extent, an organic acid being incorporated into the forming crosslinked structure via covalent bonds and/or contributing to the crosslinking. The present invention also relates to the fibers that can be produced by the method according to the invention and to the use thereof.

Abstract: A plant-extract-containing polyester fiber is provided. The plant-extract-containing polyester fiber comprises raw materials including polyester chips, calcium carbide powder, cycloalkyl powder, halloysite powder, plant-extract functional additive, allyl glycidyl ether, organic acid salt, chromium sulfate, dispersing agent, surface active phospholipid, plasticized starch, chitosan, wetting agent, sodium salt of caboxy methyl cellulose, and antistatic agent.

Abstract: A furry fabric includes a woven fabric having a plurality of warp and/or weft yarns extending over a number of weft or warp yarns and/or below a number of weft or warp yarns to provide over and/or under-portions having a length comprised between 8 and 3000, preferably between 25-3000. The over and under portions are at least in part cut in a garment including the furry fabric. Alternatively, the warp or weft over portions and/or the warp or weft under portions of said first yarns are not cut or broken.