Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a cutter tool for cutting tubulars from the inside thereof. The tubulars can be an oil well or a gas well, pipeline or other type of tubular. The cutter tool can include a housing that is insertable within the tubular and a cutting member that is receivable within the housing. The cutting member has a first end and a second end with the first end for cutting the tubular. The tool also includes a first shaft with a first shaft-end and a second shaft-end. The first shaft-end is releasably connectable to the housing. The tool also includes a second shaft that is connectable with the second end of the cutting member. The cutting member is moveable within the housing between a retracted position and an extended-and-cutting position by movement of the second shaft.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a workover tool string for cutting into a production tubing of a well completion having a top, the well completion comprising a casing into which the production tubing is arranged and a production packer arranged between the casing and the production tubing defining an annulus above the production packer, the workover tool string comprising: a longitudinal axis, a first tool string end and a second tool string end, the first tool string end being arranged closer to the top when submerged into the well completion, a tubing cutting unit comprising a body and a cutting edge configured to be rotated around the longitudinal axis while being projected in relation to the body for cutting into a wall of the production tubing from within in order to separate a first part of the production tubing closest to the top from a second part of the production tubing, wherein the workover tool string further comprises a tubing penetration unit comprising a projectable penetration element configu

Abstract: A jarring device includes a housing, a mandrel received within the housing, and a pressure chamber defined between the housing and the mandrel and filled with a hydraulic fluid. A hydraulic lock piston is arranged about the mandrel and radially interposes the housing and the mandrel. The hydraulic lock piston includes a pressure piston having a first end exposed to the pressure chamber, a second end, and first and second fluid flowpaths defined in the pressure piston and extending axially between the first and second ends. When the mandrel moves in a first direction relative to the housing, the hydraulic fluid is metered through the first fluid flowpath and the second fluid flowpath is occluded. When the mandrel moves in a second direction relative to the housing and opposite the first direction, the hydraulic fluid is metered through the second fluid flowpath and the first fluid flowpath is occluded.

Abstract: A drone conveyance system for deploying drones into an oil or gas wellbore is described. The system includes a platform, a drone magazine, a platform receiver, a conveyance, and a wellhead receiver. A drone magazine contains a plurality of the drones and selectively releases/feeds the drones into the platform receiver. More than one drone magazine, each containing different drone types, may supply drones to the platform receiver such that different drones may be ordered for disposal into the wellbore. The platform receiver prepared the drones to be moved from the platform to the wellhead by the conveyance. The wellhead receiver accepts the drones from the conveyance and prepares each received drone for dropping into the wellbore via the wellhead.

Abstract: This disclosure describes various implementations of a downhole-blower system that can be used to boost production in a wellbore. The downhole-blower system includes a blower and an electric machine coupled to the blower that can be deployed in a wellbore, and that can, in cooperation, increase production through the wellbore.

Abstract: An annular barrier is expandable in an annulus between a well tubular structure and an inside wall of a borehole downhole for providing zone isolation between a first zone and a second zone of the borehole. The annular barrier has a tubular part for mounting as part of the well tubular structure, an expandable metal sleeve surrounding the tubular part and having an inner face facing the tubular part and an outer face facing towards the inside wall of the borehole, each end of the expandable metal sleeve being connected with a connection part which is connected with the tubular part, a space between the inner face of the expandable metal sleeve and the tubular part, and an expansion opening in the tubular part through which fluid may enter into the space in order to expand the expandable metal sleeve.

Abstract: An annulus seal for sealing an interface between a wellhead housing and a casing hanger. The annulus seal includes a central body portion, a first seal leg extending from the central body portion in a first direction and a second seal leg extending from the central body portion in the first direction across from the first seal leg. The first seal leg sealingly engages the casing hanger, and the second seal leg sealingly engages the wellhead housing. At least one of the first seal leg or the second seal leg includes at least one of a first cavity at least partially extending into the respective seal leg from the first direction or a second cavity at least partially extending into the respective seal leg from the second direction.

Abstract: Systems and methods for sealing a lost circulation zone of a subterranean well include extending a drill string into the subterranean well. The drill string has an ultrasonic system, an actuator, and a fluid flow path. The actuator is instructed to transmit an on signal to the ultrasonic system to switch the ultrasonic system to an on condition with the ultrasonic system generating ultrasound waves directed towards the fluid flow path. A loss circulation material is delivered into the fluid flow path. The loss circulation material has an epoxy resin and a capsule containing a cross-linker. The capsule is formed of a capsule polymer operable to release the cross-linker upon exposure to an ultrasound irradiation. The loss circulation material is exposed to the ultrasound waves to irradiate the capsule polymer and release the cross-linker from the capsule. The loss circulation material is delivered to the lost circulation zone.

Abstract: A dual lock flow gate includes a valve with a flapper which may be fixed and/or locked in various positions.

Abstract: An adjustable and fixed inflow control device is provided. According to one embodiment, the adjustable inflow control device comprises a set of flow path walls defining a flow path that extends from an inlet to an outlet. The inlet may be open to the outer surface of a tubular and the outlet may be fluidly connected to an inner diameter of the tubular. The flow path may be adapted to control flow of fluid between the outlet and the inlet. The inflow control device further comprises a movable regulator that is movable to alter the flow path. The movable regulator may be movable between a number of positions. The inflow control device may be modular.

Abstract: A subsurface wellbore wiper deployment system includes a plug having an elongated body with an exterior surface; one or more exposed wipers extending away from the exterior surface; and one or more hidden wipers secured to the exterior surface and positioned underneath a removable sleeve; and a landing collar having a landing seat extending into an interior of the landing collar; the removable sleeve is to engage with the landing seat upon deployment of the plug; and the landing collar removes the removable sleeve to expose the one or more hidden wipers.

Abstract: A system and methods for maintaining pressure on an annulus in a well are provided. An example of a pressure maintenance system for an annulus on a well, included a passive accumulator coupled to the annulus to accept fluid expanding in the annulus or to supply fluid to replace fluid contracting in the annulus. A gas pressure system is included to maintain a gas in a headspace over the fluid in the passive accumulator, and a pressure controller maintains pressure in the headspace within a set range.

Abstract: A device for wirelessly monitoring well conditions includes a power including a first material attached to edges of at least one lever suspended about a central fulcrum, wherein the edges of the at least one lever are free to move about the central fulcrum, a frictionless movable object disposed inside the body of the at least one lever, wherein the frictionless movable object is free to move within the body of the at least one lever, and a second material that is fixed in position relative to the first material, wherein the first material and second material are of opposite polarities.

Abstract: A treatment tool can include a housing with longitudinal passages, a valve that controls flow between sections of one passage, another valve that controls flow between the one passage and a section of another passage, and a locking device that prevents the first valve from being transitioned to an open configuration from a closed configuration. A method can include flowing a fluid through a passage of a service string and into an annulus about a screen, the fluid entering the screen and flowing to another annulus via another passage of the service string, then installing a plug in the first passage, thereby preventing flow through the first passage to the annulus about the screen, and creating at least one pressure differential across the plug, thereby preventing flow from an interior of the screen to the other annulus and permitting flow from the first passage to the screen interior.

Abstract: A positioning device includes a shaped charge holder. A plurality of shaped charge receptacles formed in the shaped charge holder are configured to arrange a plurality of shaped charges in a desired orientation. The shaped charges are detonated by a detonator in response to an initiation signal. The positioning device may be secured in a perforating gun module, with vertical and horizontal movement of the positioning being inhibited in the perforating gun module.

Abstract: Components for a perforation gun system are provided including combinations of components including a self-centralizing charge holder system and a bottom connector that can double as a spacer. Any number of spacers can be used with any number of holders for any desired specific metric or imperial shot density, phase and length gun system.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a seabed-disposed pump that includes an inlet to receive a fluid flow and an outlet. The apparatus includes a liquid retainer that is adapted to receive a fluid flow that is produced by a subsea well. The liquid retainer selectively retains and releases liquid from the fluid flow to regulate a gas volume fraction of the fluid flow that is received at the inlet of the pump.

Abstract: A system for providing artificial lift to wellbore fluids has a pump located within a wellbore and a motor located within the wellbore uphole of the pump. A seal assembly has a first side connected to the motor and a second side connected to the pump. The pump, motor, and seal assembly together form a submersible pump string. An uphole packer circumscribes the production tubular uphole of the motor. A downhole packer is located downhole of the pump. An uphole y-tool has an uphole y-tool first end in fluid communication with the production tubular and an uphole y-tool second end with a first uphole y-tool branch that is mechanically connected to the submersible pump string and a second uphole y-tool branch in fluid communication with a bypass tubular. The bypass tubular is positioned adjacent to the submersible pump string and extends between the uphole y-tool and the downhole packer.

Abstract: A tool having a downhole conveyance, a first packer, a second packer, a pump, and a first and second sensor. The pump defines a plurality of inlets and an outlet, wherein the plurality of inlets is aligned with a first plurality of holes in the downhole conveyance, and the outlet oriented in a direction longitudinally opposite the first plurality of holes and the second plurality of holes. The second sensor is longitudinally separated further away from the first plurality of holes than the first sensor and configured to activate the pump when a water level is detected. The first sensor is configured to deactivate the pump when the water level is detected.

Abstract: A fluid rotor and a fluid stator. The fluid stator surrounds the fluid rotor. The fluid stator has an intake end and a discharge end. The fluid stator is shaped to be inserted into a wellbore. A shaft passes through a rotational axis of the fluid rotor. The shaft is attached to the fluid rotor to rotate in union with the fluid rotor. The shaft defines a central fluid passage that extends from the intake end of the fluid rotor to the discharge end of the fluid rotor. A balance piston surrounds the shaft. The balance piston extends from an outer surface of the shaft to an inner surface of the fluid stator. The balance piston is positioned at the intake end.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for plasma blasting comprises a solid object having a borehole, a blast probe comprising a high voltage electrode and a ground electrode separated by a dielectric separator, wherein the high voltage electrode and the dielectric separator constitute an adjustable probe tip, and an adjustment unit coupled to the adjustable probe tip, wherein the adjustment unit is configured to selectively extend or retract the adjustable probe tip relative to the ground electrode and a blasting media, wherein at least a portion of the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode are submerged in the blast media. The blasting media comprises water. The adjustable tip permits fine-tuning of the blast. The blast can be used to fracture solids and/or to create a shockwave to mapping underground structures.

Abstract: A method may include communicating a command into a wellbore from the surface. The method may include determining a command to be sent to a downhole tool, and translating the command into a message, the message including a sequence of codes. The method may include rotating the drill string substantially at the set point RPM for a predetermined duration and measuring the rotation rate of the drill string. The method may include identifying the received set point RPM and rotating the drill string consistent with a first code value of a first code of the message as encoded. The method may also include decoding the first code and rotating the drill string consistent with a second code value of a second code of the message as encoded. The method may also include decoding the second code, identifying the command from at least one of the decoded first and second code and executing the command.

Abstract: A method for controlling a downhole steerable tool, such as a rotary steerable system (RSS), in a drilling system that also includes a rotating drillstring and a measurement-while-drilling (MWD) system comprises encoding an original command for the tool into an encoded signal consisting of modulations of the drillstring rotation rate, transmitting the encoded command by modulating the drillstring rotation rate, measuring the drillstring rotation rate at the tool and decoding the encoded command so as to generate a tool-decoded command, separately measuring the drillstring rotation rate and decoding the encoded command from the separate downhole-measurements so as to generate a separately downhole-decoded command, transmitting the separately downhole-decoded command to the uphole location, comparing the separately downhole-decoded command to the original command, and taking corrective action if the two commands are different.

Abstract: A downhole relative positioning system utilizes electromagnetic and survey measurements from a first well to calibrate a formation model, which is then used to improve the interpretation of measurements from a second well. Since the methods described herein utilize a differential approach, even though the exact position of each wellbore may not be accurately identified, their relative positions can be accurately identified.

Abstract: An integrated and rigless method of determining the location and the type of damage in casing or tubing of a wellbore that involves recording a thickness profile of the casing or tubing, a temperature log, and a noise log along the depth of the wellbore, followed by locating the damage from the thickness profile, and determining the type of damage from the temperature log and the noise log.

Abstract: A dual telemetric coiled tubing running string for disposing a bottom hole assembly into a wellbore. The dual telemetric coiled tubing running string includes a string of coiled tubing which defines a flowbore along its length, an electrical wire conduit disposed within the flowbore, and an optic fiber disposed within the flowbore.

Abstract: A method of communicating in a wireless network. Devices are positioned such that each device communicates with one or more other devices. Some of the devices include one or more sensors. Each device is a node in the wireless network. At one of the devices, values are recorded from the sensors associated therewith. At least some of the devices, one or more recorded values from the sensors associated with said each device, and/or a sensor associated with at least one other device, are processed in accordance with a variable instruction set, to thereby generate a processed dataset. At each device, at least one of recorded values, a processed dataset associated with another device, or a revision to the variable instruction set are received from another device. At least one of the one or more recorded values, and one or more processed datasets, are transmitted at each device to another device.

Abstract: A method for configuring transmission signals is disclosed. The method includes receiving a signal from a downhole tool in a wellbore. The signal may include a telemetry portion and a noise portion. The method also includes reproducing the telemetry portion based at least partially on the signal. Further, the method includes subtracting the telemetry portion from the signal. The method includes estimating, based at least partially on the subtraction, the noise portion of the signal. The method also includes altering a transmission configuration of the downhole tool based at least partially on the noise portion of the signal.

Abstract: A method for acquiring an opening timing of natural fracture under an in-slit temporary plugging condition and a device thereof are provided. The method includes steps of: acquiring physical parameters of stratum according to site geological data, and measuring a slit length L of a hydraulic fracture; dividing the hydraulic fracture into N unit bodies of equal length and numbering them sequentially; and dividing a total calculation time t into meter fractions of time with equal interval; calculating a width of each unit body in the hydraulic fracture at the initial time; calculating a fluid pressure in the hydraulic fracture at the k-th fraction of time; calculating a closed pressure at an entrance of the natural fracture on an upper side and a lower side of the hydraulic fracture at the k-th fraction of time; and determining whether the natural fracture is opened by a determining criteria based on the above calculation results.

Abstract: A triaxial test system and method including a core sample, high temperature-resistant drains disposed around the core sample, and at least one and optionally two high temperature-resistant elastomeric sealing membranes disposed about the drains and sample. Preferred for use is a shear-resistant and high temperature-resistant sealing membrane such as a Viton membrane, optionally in combination with a silicone high temperature-resistant sealing membrane. The system and methods can be used to test core samples in compliance with ASTM standard test methods for triaxial compression tests, at temperatures of between about 100° C. and 200° C., optionally between about 175° C. and 200° C., for extended periods of time, for example several days or longer.

Abstract: Provided herein are devices and methods for reducing the negative effects of bubble formation on the detection, quantification and/or monitoring of analytes.

Abstract: A shearing system includes a pan line having an end stop, a gate end, and a set of consecutively arranged pans extending from the gate end and having one or more pans disposed beyond the end stop. A shearer is stoppable at the end stop, includes a shearer arm, and is positioned on the one or more pans when the shearer arm is disposed between the end stop and the gate end. A first sensor detects an orientation of the shearer, while second sensors detect an orientation of the set of consecutively arranged pans. A control system determines a profile of the pan line between the end stop and the gate end and controls a movement of the shearer arm based on the profile of the pan line when the shearer arm is disposed between the end stop and the gate end.

Abstract: An operating arrangement for operating a tunnel boring machine for constructing a tunnel in a ground, the operating arrangement including a feed drive that is configured to advance the tunnel boring machine in the ground; a tool drive that is configured to drive a mining tool of the tunnel boring machine so that a successive removal of the ground is performable; at least one fluid tank for storing a drive fluid; at least one filtering arrangement for filtering the drive fluid; at least one cooling arrangement for cooling the drive fluid; and at least one control arrangement by which the feed drive and/or the tool drive is controllable wherein at least the feed drive and the tool drive are jointly arrangeable in a container.

Abstract: A loading arm assembly for directing material removed by a mining machining having a cutting head and a conveyor assembly includes a loading arm assembly that includes a loading arm and a spacer connector. The loading arm is configured to be removably attachable to the spacer connector and the spacer connector is configured to be removably attachable to a gear box or other driving mechanism of the mining machine. A centering cap assembly can also be used to assist in centering the loading arm-spacer connector combination, the centering cap assembly being removably attachable to the gear box.

Abstract: The present invention disclose a tunnel wall element comprising a lightweight body element coated with a fire resistant coating providing increased mechanical integrity of the tunnel wall element. The present invention is also related to a method of building road and railway tunnels with the lightweight coated tunnel element.

Abstract: A mechanical constant-resistance single prop continuous prop lifting pre-tightening device, structurally composed of a continuous prop lifting device, a pressurizing system, an oil supply line and a monitoring unit. The continuous prop lifting device is a core component, comprising a hydraulic cylinder, a prop barrel clamping sleeve ring and a prop rod clamping sleeve ring. The prop rod clamping sleeve ring is fixedly connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder by means of a cylinder head seat, and the prop barrel clamping sleeve ring is fixedly connected with a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder. With continuous pressurization of the pressurizing system, a cohesion occurs between the continuous prop lifting device and a prop rod, so that the prop rod of a single prop is lifted up to come into contact with a top plate and provide a pre-tightening force.

Abstract: A free piston apparatus includes a piston receptacle in which a piston device having a piston is reciprocable along an axis. The piston receptacle includes or forms a chamber delimited by a wall arrangement forming an inlet opening and an outlet opening. A cooling device is arranged on the piston receptacle for cooling the wall arrangement. The cooling device includes or forms a cooling channel arranged radially outside on the wall arrangement. The cooling channel has first and second cooling regions axially on opposing sides of the outlet opening. The piston receptacle includes or forms an outlet chamber, arranged outside on the wall arrangement, for exhaust gas exiting via the outlet opening. The cooling channel has a third cooling region which flow-connects the first cooling region and the second cooling region along the outlet chamber and is positioned at least in sections radially outside of the outlet chamber.

Abstract: One of a pair of a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll is the scroll including a step portion provided only at a predetermined position along a spiral direction on a blade bottom surface of a spiral wrap, and the other one of the scrolls is the scroll including a step portion provided only at a predetermined position along a spiral direction on a blade tip surface of a spiral wrap. A blade bottom surface of an end plate of the fixed scroll is set as a reference surface for setting a chip gap between both the scrolls. When a wrap height of the spiral wrap of the orbiting scroll is represented by (L) (Lo, Li) and a wrap height of the spiral wrap of the fixed scroll is represented by (lo, li), L (Lo, Li)>1 (lo, li) is satisfied.

Abstract: A rotary machine, for directing a quantity of fluid from an inlet to an outlet, comprises one or more elliptical or near-elliptical rotors having planetary rotation within a housing. The interior cavity of the housing comprises an inverse apex region that is in contact with the rotor during its rotation. In various embodiments the rotor and housing can be symmetric or asymmetric in cross-section. Features are described that can improve the operation of the machine for various end-use applications. Such features include cut-outs that are fluidly connected to the inlet or outlet ports of the machine, mechanisms for reducing variation in output flow rate from the rotary machine, linings for the interior cavity of the housing, pressure relief mechanisms, dynamic apex seals and other sealing mechanisms.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine for an aircraft includes an engine core with a turbine, a compressor, and a core shaft connecting them. The engine includes a fan, with a plurality of fan blades, located upstream of the core and a gearbox receiving an input from the core shaft and outputting drive so the fan is at a lower rotational speed than the core shaft. The turbine includes a plurality of stages of axially spaced rotor blades mounted on a rotor, which are surrounded by a turbine casing. The turbine has an inlet defined at an upstream end of a first stage of blades and an outlet defined at a downstream end of a last stage of blades and a ratio of the area of the outlet to the inlet is at between 2.5 and 3.5. This increases the pressure ratio of and power extracted from the turbine and the engine.

Abstract: A bladed wheel of a turbomachine includes a disk extending around a longitudinal axis, in a median plane, and blades distributed regularly around the longitudinal axis and extending radially from the disk. The disk includes a web corrugated alternately upstream and downstream of the median plane, so as to introduce a deliberate detuning of the bladed wheel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vane assembly fixed to a turbine casing of a turbine and configured to guide the flow of combustion gas having passed by a turbine blade airfoil. The vane assembly comprises a vane airfoil configured to guide the flow of the combustion gas, a platform portion combined with an end of the vane airfoil, carrier hook portions formed at respective periphery portions of the platform portion and provided with a thermal stress prevention slot on a surface facing the turbine casing, and a seal plate installed in the thermal stress prevention slot, thereby preventing a portion of compressed air produced by a compressor and supplied to the platform portion between the carrier hook portions from leaking out of the platform portion through the thermal stress prevention slot.

Abstract: A hollowed body component made by additive manufacturing is disclosed. The hollow body has a longitudinal extent, an exterior surface and an interior surface, the interior surface having a first side and an opposing, second side. A first set of curved supports are curved along lengths thereof and extend between the first side and the opposing, second side to support the hollow body at least during the additive manufacturing thereof. Some embodiments include cooling passages open to the interior surface. Here, the curved supports extend between opposing pairs of passage-free spaces on the interior surface to support the hollow body at least during the additive manufacturing thereof. In one example, the component is an impingement insert for a hot gas path component.

Abstract: A leading edge shield for a turbomachine blade extends heightwise from a bottom end to a top end, presents an outside face overlying a leading edge and an inside face for fastening to a blade body, and includes a pressure side wing, a suction side wing, and a central section joining together the pressure side wing and the suction side wing. Between the outside face and the inside face, the central section presents thickness that is greater than the thicknesses of the pressure side and suction side wings. The thickness of the central section increases with a gradient that is stable or increasing over a first segment from the bottom end of the leading-edge shield, but it presents a gradient that decreases beyond said first segment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a blade for a turbomachine, comprising a blade element with a suction side and a pressure side, which extend between a leading edge and a trailing edge of the blade element, as well as a blade root for connection of the blade at a main rotor body, wherein the blade comprises a crack-affecting device, which, in the radial direction, has an altered cross-sectional geometry in comparison to an aerodynamically optimized blade profile. The invention further relates to a rotor for a turbomachine having at least one such blade, a turbomachine having at least one such blade, and/or with such a rotor as well as a method for producing a blade.

Abstract: A turbomachine airfoil element includes an airfoil that has pressure and suction sides spaced apart from one another in a thickness direction and joined to one another at leading and trailing edges. The airfoil extends in a radial direction a span that is in a range of 3.68-3.98 inch (93.5-101.1 mm). A chord length extends in a chordwise direction from the leading edge to the trailing edge at 50% span is in a range of 1.75-2.05 inch (44.5-52.1 mm). The airfoil element includes at least two of a first mode with a frequency of 436±10% Hz, a second mode with a frequency of 1557±10% Hz, a third mode with a frequency of 1424±10% Hz, a fourth mode with a frequency of 1870±10% Hz, a fifth mode with a frequency of 3321±10% Hz and a sixth mode with a frequency of 3957±10% Hz.

Abstract: An airfoil for a turbine engine can include an outer wall bounding an interior and defining a pressure side and a suction side extending between a leading edge and a trailing edge to define a chord-wise direction and extending between a root and a tip to define a span-wise direction. A plurality of outlets and a plurality of scalloped portions can extend proximate the trailing edge.

Abstract: A turbine vane for a gas turbine engine having a plurality of cooling holes defined therein is provided. The plurality of cooling holes provide fluid communication to a surface of the turbine vane, the plurality of cooling holes including holes noted by the following coordinates: TVA, TVB, TVC, TVD and TVE of Table 1.

Abstract: In one example embodiment, a blade includes an attachment region, an airfoil extending from the attachment region, and a blade cooling arrangement. The blade cooling arrangement includes at least a first feed passage disposed through the attachment region, which is connected to a first cooling passage disposed in the airfoil. A passively actuated first coolant valve is disposed in or proximate the first feed passage. A plurality of such blades can be disposed in a turbine section of an engine.

Abstract: A cantilevered vane, for use with a rotary disc of a gas turbine, includes a root supported in a dovetail slot formed in a circumferential surface of the rotary disc; and an airfoil protruding a predetermined height from the root and having a J-shaped cross-section throughout a front-wing portion and a rear-wing portion of the airfoil. The airfoil includes a straight portion vertically extending upward from the root by a predetermined height; and a curved portion integrally formed with an upper end of the straight portion to cantilever toward one side of the airfoil, the curved portion being inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the straight portion. Cooling fluid flows through a first channel formed in the straight portion and a second channel formed in the curved portion. The first channel includes front-wing and rear-wing channels for guiding the cooling fluid to the front-wing and rear-wing portions.