Abstract: Present invention relates to a process and an installation (100) for the preparation of hydrogen cyanide by the Andrussow process, and more precisely for improving the conditions of mixing the reactant gases before feeding the Andrussow type reactor (60), in order to improve safety, to avoid any risk of explosion and to produce HCN in safe and efficient manner. The installation is configured in such a manner that oxygen is pre-mixed with air with a ratio comprised between 20.95% and 32.5% by volume, preferably between 25% and 30.5% by volume; methane containing gas and ammonia are simultaneously added in the pre-mixture of oxygen-enriched air in such a manner that the volumic ratio of methane to ammonia is comprised between 1.35 and 1.02 depending on the content of oxygen into air; said obtained reactant gases mixture having a temperature comprised between 80° C. and 120° C., preferably between 95° C. and 115° C. for feeding the Andrussow type reactor (60).

Abstract: The present application discloses a process for the preparation of metastable tetragonal zirconia in the form of an aerogel material, said material being capable of undergoing martensitic phase transformation to monoclinic zirconia. The application also discloses composite materials, such as dental filling materials, having included therein an aerogel material.

Abstract: An inorganic green pigment includes a material with spinel structure of the general formula selected from the following formulas a) (A1?xB1+x)(C3?x?yD2xB1?x?2yNi3y)O8, wherein 0.05?x?0.9 and 0.05?y?0.5, and wherein x+2y?1; b) (A1?xB1+x)(C3?x?yD2x?yB1?x?yNi2y)O8, wherein 0.05?x?0.5 and 0.05?y?0.5; c) (A1?xB1+x)(C3?x?4yD2xB1?x+yNby)O8, wherein 0.05?x?0.5 and 0.05?y?0.2; d) (A1?xB1+x)(C3?xD2x?2yB1?x+yNby)O8, wherein 0.05?x?0.9 and 0.05?y?0.2, and wherein x?y; and e) (A1?xB1+x)(C3?x?3yD2xB1?xNb2yNiy)O8, wherein 0.05?x?0.9 and 0.05?y?0.2, wherein A is at least one element selected from Co, Zn, Ca, Mg and Cu, wherein B is at least one element selected from Li and Na, wherein C is at least one element selected from Ti, Mn, Sn and Ge, and wherein D is at least one element selected from Cr, B, Fe, Mn and Al.

Abstract: Provided is a method of making an inorganic platinum compound. The method includes the steps of: Step (A): providing a platinum material and a halogen-containing oxidizing agent; and Step (B): treating the platinum material with the halogen-containing oxidizing agent in a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution to obtain the inorganic platinum compound, including chloroplatinic acid or chloroplatinate salt; wherein the halogen-containing oxidizing agent excludes chlorine gas. The method of making an inorganic platinum compound is simple, safe, time-effective, cost-effective, and environment-friendly, and has the advantage of high yield.

Abstract: A control valve (10) includes a valve body with a plurality of ports (A, B, C, D, E, F) and a plurality of annular flow passages (53, 55,57). A piston (34) which includes a plurality of annular flow passages and a longitudinal flow passage is selectively movable within a bore (32) within the valve body through operation of a valve controller (70). The valve controller is selectively operative to control the position of the piston so as to enable liquid flow through a plurality of flow paths. The valve controller further includes a installable and removable valve controller housing (74) which is releasably engageable with a valve base (72). The valve may include a changeable piston and changeable injector and plug components to adapt the valve to different flow and fluid mixing requirements.

Abstract: A control valve (10) includes a valve body with a plurality of ports (A, B, C, D, E, F) and a plurality of annular flow passages (53, 55, 57). A piston (34) which includes a plurality of annular flow passages and a longitudinal flow passage is selectively movable within a bore (32) within the valve body through operation of a valve controller (70). The valve controller is selectively operative to control the position of the piston so as to enable liquid flow through a plurality of flow paths. The valve controller further includes a installable and removable valve controller housing (74) which is releasibly engageable with a valve base (72). The valve may include a changeable piston and changeable injector and plug components to adapt the valve to different flow and fluid mixing requirements.

Abstract: A control valve (10) includes a valve body with a plurality of ports (A, B, C, D, E, F) and a plurality of annular flow passages (53, 55,57). A piston (34) which includes a plurality of annular flow passages and a longitudinal flow passage is selectively movable within a bore (32) within the valve body through operation of a valve controller (70). The valve controller is selectively operative to control the position of the piston so as to enable liquid flow through a plurality of flow paths. The valve controller further includes a installable and removable valve controller housing (74) which is releasably engageable with a valve base (72). The valve may include a changeable piston and changeable injector and plug components to adapt the valve to different flow and fluid mixing requirements.

Abstract: A liquid treatment cartridge includes a housing, the housing including a housing part forming an axial end of the housing and including a connecting head at the axial end of the housing. The connecting head includes at least three liquid ports, each at an end of a respective channel defined by the housing part. The connecting head is configured for insertion into a head part of a liquid treatment system such that the liquid ports of the connecting head are in sealed liquid communication with respective liquid ports in the head part. The liquid treatment cartridge includes at least one separate flow conductor part on the inside of the housing, attached to the housing part and including at least one conduit for conducting liquid so as to separate interior ends of at least two of the channels from those of at least one other of the channels.

Abstract: Multiple-tube stormwater filter socks may be used to mitigate stormwater environmental runoff of sediment, hydrocarbons and heavy metals. The stormwater filter socks comprise at least two tubes that are spaced apart by a separator web, and are filled with different types of absorbent media. The stormwater filter socks may be placed around the top grate of a storm drain chamber, and around other environmental runoff sources such as trash bins, roof downspouts and outdoor material stockpiles. The multiple-tube stormwater filter socks may be used to mitigate drips and spills of hydrocarbons such as motor oils, and may be used to contain zinc, copper, lead, chromium, cadmium and other heavy metals.

Abstract: A device for separating liquids such as oil and water includes a hydrophobic and oleophilic mesh that allows oil to pass through while preventing water from passing through. The mesh can be fabricated simply from inexpensive materials by coating a mesh with a hydrophobic polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, apparatuses and systems for the remediation of contaminated soils, groundwater, water, and/or waste using a combination of reagents. The disclosed methods may be used to treat various recalcitrant halogenated substances, such as perfluoroalkyls and polyfluoroalkyls. Particular combinations of reagents that may be used in the disclosed methods include but are not limited to: (1) persulfate, oxygen and ozone; (2) persulfate, salt, oxygen and ozone; (3) persulfate, phosphate, and/or oxygen; (4) persulfate, phosphate, oxygen and ozone; (5) persulfate, phosphate, salt and oxygen (6) persulfate, phosphate, salt, oxygen and ozone; (7) oxygen and salt; and (8) air and salt. The disclosed methods may enhance destruction of organic contaminants in the liquid phase and may also control the rate of aerosol or foam formation relative to the rate of chemical oxidation and/or reduction/transfer.

Abstract: A scalable and moveable phytoremediation cell and system that uses perlite medium surrounding a poplar or willow tree root zone in a cell that results in excellent organic and mineral pollutant treatment. COC removal is achieved by pollutant sorption, increased microbial mineralization activity, fluctuating redox potential, and achieving faster break down of pollutants to achieve regulated water quality standards. The cell reactor system uses photosynthesis and rhizosphere dynamics to create a predictable reactor into carbon-rich microbial biomass mass to remove waste water pollutants (COC). The cell uses <10% of the energy required for alternative tertiary treatment system.

Abstract: To provide method and apparatus for producing alkaline water, capable of preventing mixture of fine particles derived from a gas dissolving membrane device into hydrogen water. An apparatus for producing alkaline water for cleaning electronic device includes: a pH adjusting device 11 configured to adjust ultrapure water to be alkaline; a deaeration device 13 configured to deaerate the ultrapure water adjusted to be alkaline; and a gas dissolving membrane device 14 having a gas permeable membrane to dissolve functional gas into the deaerated ultrapure water.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for processing sludge into sludge residue having a targeted dry solid concentration is provided. The method comprises a step of distributing (110) provided sludge for continuous transport in a specific form factor; cooling (120) the distributed sludge into a frozen state using a refrigerating medium; thawing (140) the frozen sludge using a first heating medium; drying (150) the thawed sludge to a targeted dry solid concentration, wherein at least one aspect of the method is controlled by a processing parameter, the method further comprising the step of monitoring (160) at least one processing parameter, and adjusting (170) at least one processing parameter with respect to a corresponding reference value based on said at least one sludge characteristic or user input to improve sludge processing.

Abstract: An improved system and method for forming falling hot glass gobs which will be molded into glass containers in an Individual Section (IS) machine is disclosed which controls the weight, length, and shape of such glass gobs as they are produced. The system includes a gob feeder apparatus and a gob shearing mechanism a controller using models being used to correlate the effect of a number of feeder control settings on gob weight, length, and, shape. The controller is configured to adjust various feeder control settings based on a prioritized order of the feeder control settings such that gobs having different physical characteristics for different ones of the individual sections can be produced during a single machine cycle. By implementing the models, a closed loop system has been developed to set up controls to achieve the desired gob forming for each individual section and cavity.

Abstract: A dental glass includes: phosphorus; sodium and/or potassium; and calcium, wherein the dental glass contains, in terms of oxide, phosphorus (P2O5) by greater than or equal to 40% by mass and less than or equal to 70% by mass, sodium and/or potassium (Na2O, K2O) by greater than or equal to 20% by mass and less than or equal to 40% by mass, and calcium (CaO) by greater than or equal to 1% by mass and less than or equal to 20% by mass, and wherein the dental glass does not substantially contain silicon and aluminum.

Abstract: A wavelength-selective transmissive glass has a light transmittance Tmore than 315 nm and 400 nm or less at a wavelength of more than 315 nm and 400 nm or less represented by the formula shown below of 1% or more in terms of a plate thickness of 6 mm and a light transmittance T315 nm or less at a wavelength of 315 nm or less represented by the formula shown below of 60% or less in terms of a plate thickness of 6 mm. Ak is a weighting factor at a wavelength k (nm) for calculating T (light transmittance) defined in ISO-9050:2003, and Tk is a transmittance at the wavelength k (nm) in terms of a plate thickness of 6 mm: Tmore than 315 nm and 400 nm or less=(?k=more than 315400Ak×Tk)/(?k=more than 315400Ak) T315 nm or less=(?k=300315Ak×Tk)/(?k=300315Ak).

Abstract: The present invention provides a ceramic powder, in which ?-eucryptite or a ?-quartz solid solution is precipitated as a main crystal phase, and which includes TiO2 and/or ZrO2.

Abstract: Transparent and insulating materials having evacuated capsules are provided. According to an aspect of the invention, a method includes forming evacuated capsules within a solution, and dispersing and suspending the evacuated capsules within the solution such that a packing density of the evacuated capsules within the solution is greater than 30%, and a visible light transmission of the solution including the evacuated capsules is greater than 75%. According to another aspect of the invention, a layer includes a plurality of evacuated capsules distributed within a dried sol-gel. A thermal conductivity of the layer is between 0.02 W/m-K and 0.001 W/m-K, and the layer has a visible light transmission of greater than 30%.

Abstract: To provide a method for recycling a solar cell module glass, which enables development of other novel applications of a waste glass of a solar cell module while controlling an elution amount of Sb from the waste glass into water. Disclosed is a method for recycling a solar cell module glass, the method comprising: grinding a solar cell module glass into a glass powder; adding at least one foaming agent selected from SiC, CaCO3 and a seashell, and a particular inhibitor to the glass powder to produce a mixture; and heating the mixture to 700 to 1,100° C. to produce a foam glass.

Abstract: Component surfaces are coated with thermally stable layers. In particular infrared mirror surfaces or surfaces of combustion chambers are coated with at least one layer consisting of thermally stable Al—Cr—O in such a manner that the absorption, reflection or transmission of infrared radiations (hereinafter also called thermal radiations) is influenced.

Abstract: A large-size synthetic quartz glass substrate has a diagonal length of at least 1,000 mm. Provided that an effective range is defined on the substrate surface, and the effective range is partitioned into a plurality of evaluation regions such that the evaluation regions partly overlap each other, a flatness in each evaluation region is up to 3 ?m. From the quartz glass substrate having a high flatness and a minimal local gradient within the substrate surface, a large-size photomask is prepared.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to methods for inducing color change in glass and glass-ceramic articles. According to one embodiment, color change may be x-ray induced in glass or glass-ceramic articles. The method for x-ray inducing color change may include exposing the glass or glass-ceramic article to x-rays at a temperature of up to 200° C. to induce a colored area in the glass or glass-ceramic article. The glass or glass-ceramic article may comprise: 50-85 mole % SiO2; 5-25 mole % Al2O3; 0-15 mole % P2O5; 0-15 mole % B2O3; 5-25 mole % R2O, wherein R2O?Li2O+Na2O+K2O.

Abstract: A synthetic quartz glass lid for use in optical device packages is prepared by furnishing a synthetic quartz glass lid precursor comprising a synthetic quartz glass substrate (1) and a metal or metal compound film (2), and forming a metal base adhesive layer (3) on the metal or metal compound film (2). The metal or metal compound film contains Ag, Bi, and at least one element selected from P, Sb, Sn and In.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a cementitious composition comprising: dispersing expanded polymeric microspheres into a liquid dispersion, optionally wherein the liquid dispersion comprises an aqueous dispersion; and incorporating the liquid dispersion comprising expanded polymeric microspheres into the cementitious composition; wherein the expanded polymeric microspheres are present in the liquid dispersion in an amount of about 0.1 to about 15 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the dispersion, prior to incorporation into the cementitious composition. An admixture for cementitious compositions comprising unexpanded polymeric microspheres and sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: A method of making a structural lightweight and thermal insulating concrete is described. The concrete has a coarse aggregate partly replaced by recycled plastic pieces. This enables the concrete to maintain a high compressive strength, low thermal conductivity, and low weight, while providing a use for waste plastic. The waste plastic pieces may comprise polyethylene in the form of flakes, fibers, or granules. Due to its low unit weight, adequate compressive strength and high thermal resistance the developed concrete can be used as a structural lightweight and thermal insulating concrete. The use of this concrete leads to economic and environmental benefits.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a dispersant, comprising the steps of a) providing at least one water-soluble polymer comprising polyether groups, b) providing an inorganic component comprising at least one phyllosilicate which has an integral sheet charge of 0, 1 or 2, c) producing an aqueous suspension comprising the at least one water-soluble polymer comprising polyether groups and the inorganic component comprising the at least one phyllosilicate, and d) spray-drying the aqueous suspension to give a solid. Additionally disclosed is the use of the dispersant of the invention in an inorganic binder composition.

Abstract: A dry construction composition that is easily wet-sprayed by a screw pump to form an insulating and mechanically resistant material after hardening comprises: at least one binder that includes at least one primary binder comprising lime and/or at least one source of alumina and/or at least one source of calcium sulfate, at least one water retention agent, and preferably at least one surfactant; and at least one plant-based bio-based filler based on sunflower stalk and/or corn stalk and/or rape stalk, having a Bulk Density (BD) in kg/m3 that is less than 110. The ratio of the binder to the filler is between 2 and 9 in liters/kg. The composition can be mixed with water in a ratio of water/binder that is greater than or equal to 0.8 to form a wet composition. The wet composition can be sprayed onto a horizontal or vertical substrate or molded to a desired shape.

Abstract: A system and method for applying a construction material is provided. The method may include mixing blast furnace slag material, geopolymer material, alkali-based powder, and sand at a batching and mixing device to generate a non-Portland cement-based material. The method may also include transporting the non-Portland cement-based material from the mixing device, through a conduit to a nozzle and combining the transported non-Portland cement-based material with liquid at the nozzle to generate a partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material. The method may further include pneumatically applying the partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material to a surface.

Abstract: High-strength concrete-like FG blends and methods for producing them are described. The blend includes FG, hydraulic cement, additional alkali material, and pozzolanic material. The blend further includes an admixture used in the formulation of concrete. The blend further includes an aggregate. The aggregate is a coarse aggregate or a fine aggregate.

Abstract: A particulate material having a body including a first phase including alumina having an average crystallite size of not greater than 5 microns, and the body further including a second phase having a platelet shape.

Abstract: A metal detectible plastic material, including a plurality of plastic particles defining a plastic portion and a plurality of high magnetic permeability metallic particles distributed throughout the plastic portion to define an admixture. The plastic particles and the metallic particles are generally the same size and shape, and each respective high magnetic permeability metallic particle has a magnetic permeability of at least 0.0001 H/m. The plastic particles are selected from the group consisting of high molecular mass polymers, thermoplastics, thermosetting polymers, amorphous plastics, crystalline plastics, resin-based materials, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Vessels such as crucibles, pans, open cups and saggars, containing a monolithic ceramic material, and a ceramic matrix composite, wherein the monolithic ceramic material is an inner part. A method for making oxide materials that can be utilized in the contact with corrosive materials and that allows for higher conversions in a given heating process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gastight multilayer composite tube having a heat transfer coefficient of >500 W/m2/K and comprising at least two layers, namely a layer of nonporous monolithic oxide ceramic and a layer of oxidic fiber composite ceramic, a connecting piece comprising at least one metallic gas-conducting conduit which in the longitudinal direction of the composite tube overlaps in a region at least two ceramic layers, where the one ceramic layer comprises a nonporous monolithic ceramic and the other ceramic layer comprises a fiber composite ceramic, and also the use of the multilayer composite tube as reaction tube for endothermic reactions, radiation tubes, flame tubes or rotary tubes.

Abstract: A polycrystalline diamond compact including a cemented carbide substrate and a polycrystalline diamond layer bonded to the cemented carbide substrate. The cemented carbide substrate is cylindrical and includes a circumferential wall. The polycrystalline diamond layer includes a central part including between 8 and 15 wt. % of cobalt and an outer part including between 0.5 and 2 wt. % of cobalt. The outer part is a columnar ring belt and includes a chamfer. The outer part includes an upper surface, a side surface connected to the circumferential wall of the cemented carbide substrate, and a chamfer surface connecting the upper surface and the side surface. The chamfer includes a first terminal connected to the upper surface of the outer part and a second terminal connected to the side surface of the outer part.

Abstract: A method for improving the hydrophobic properties of a fiber cement product, is provided. The method comprises the steps of providing a fiber cement product comprising at least one profiled surface, applying a water-free silane-based liquid to the at least one profiled surface, and allowing said water-free silane-based liquid to penetrate into the fiber cement product.

Abstract: Water-dispersible pellets are provided that includes spent lime particles present from 80 to 99.5 total weight percent. A binder component is also present from 20 to 0.5 total weight percent. The pellets have a mean pellet domain size. The spent lime particles, and the binder component present in a form such that contact with water causes pellet dispersion into more than 100 pieces. A process of forming spent lime pellets is also provided that include spent lime being dewatered to a free-flowing powder. A binder is then added under conditions to induce agglomeration of the free-flowing powder to the form the pellets. A process of treating a target crop is also provided based on such pellets.

Abstract: An Internet of Things (IoT) BIoTower™ for recycling food wastes into nutrients and for growing organic plants is disclosed which includes a food waste disposable tower for receiving food wastes; a multi-leveled carousels connected to the food waste disposable tower, each containing soils infested with earthworms; and an Internet of Things (IoT) irrigation system designed to provide sustainability to the soils and the organic plants.

Abstract: An organic fertilizer with one or more natural ingredients is provided. The organic fertilizer includes molasses to provide additional nutrients to the soil that are readily available for plant intake such as providing sugars to increase microorganism activity. An aromatic ingredient is provided to mask the unwanted odors of other fertilizer components.

Abstract: The present specification describes increasing the Brix degree, nutrient transport and density, and yields of cannabis crops through the application of photoacoustic resonance to a nutrient formulation. An activated nutrient solution is obtained by forming an unactivated nutrient solution and applying to the unactivated nutrient solution ultra-rapid impulses of modulated laser light, from one or more laser systems. An increase of at least 5% in the Brix degree of the crop, relative to an unactivated nutrient formulation, can be achieved. In addition, an increase of at least 5%, relative to an unactivated nutrient formulation, is seen with respect to nutrient density and crop yield through application of the activated nutrient solution.

Abstract: Novel granular fertilizers and methods of making those fertilizers are provided. The method utilized involves recycling streams, including one that provides water having dissolved solids therein, with that water being used during the mixing and granulation process. This method results in a low-moisture, hard, substantially spherical granule, which can include any number of macronutrients and/or micronutrients. Advantageously, the granular fertilizer can be applied to the soil around plants to supply those plants with the necessary nutrients.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a coated fertilizer comprising: providing at least partially coated fertilizer granules having an at least partial coating comprising a polymer and a wax; and conditioning the at least partially coated fertilizer granules at a temperature of 40 to 130° C. for a time of 1 minute to 4 hours, to form a coating comprising interpenetrating domains comprising polymer domains and wax domains.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a nutrient-containing porous biodegradable bead comprising the following components: an Aloe Vera and cellulose composite matrix containing a nutrient solution including, but not limited to, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium alginate, and calcium chloride.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to water-absorbing and slow/controlled release fertilizer, in particular to a water-absorbing and water-retaining multi-nutrient biodegradable polymeric slow/controlled release fertilizer having a semi-interpenetrating network structure, and preparation methods thereof. The method can comprises the steps of: reacting formaldehyde with urea to obtain a hydroxymethyl urea solution; adding acrylic acid and acrylamide monomers into another reactor, and adding a KOH solution to adjust the neutralization degree of acrylic acid, then adding one of inorganic clay, pretreated crop straw or cellulose, then adding initiator, monopotassium phosphate and the prepared hydroxymethyl urea solution sequentially; allowing to react at temperature after being mixed uniformly to obtain a viscous product; and granulating the viscous product and oven drying the same to obtain the fertilizer.

Abstract: Explosive compositions for use in high temperature, reactive ground, or both, are disclosed. The explosive compositions can include an emulsion with a continuous organic fuel phase and a discontinuous oxidizer phase. The oxidizer phase can include one or more Group I or Group II nitrates.

Abstract: Methods of synthesizing compounds using CO2 as a directing group for C—H functionalization, and compounds made thereby, are described.

Abstract: A method includes at least two-stage process for the oligomerization of short-chain olefins in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the regeneration of the catalyst is stage-customized.

Abstract: Integrated systems are provided for the production of higher hydrocarbon compositions, for example liquid hydrocarbon compositions, from methane using an oxidative coupling of methane system to convert methane to ethylene, followed by conversion of ethylene to selectable higher hydrocarbon products. Integrated systems and processes are provided that process methane through to these higher hydrocarbon products.

Abstract: Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogeneous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for hydrocracking 2,4-dimethylpentane and/or 2,2,3-trimethylbutane can comprise: contacting a hydrocracking feed stream in the presence of hydrogen with a hydrocracking catalyst, wherein the hydrocracking feed stream comprises at least 0.5 wt % of 2,4-dimethylpentane and/or 2,2,3-trimethylbutane, based upon a total weight of the hydrocracking feed stream; and wherein the hydrocracking catalyst comprises a medium pore zeolite having a pore size of 5-6 A and a silica to alumina molar ratio of 20-75; preferably the hydrocracking catalyst comprises a medium pore zeolite having a pore size of 5-6 A and a silica to alumina molar ratio of 20-75 and a large pore zeolite having a pore size of 6-8 A and a silica to alumina molar ratio of 10-80, wherein the hydrogenation metal is deposited on the medium pore zeolite and the large pore zeolite.