Abstract: Disclosed are a method and the device for updating a ventilation device that has a memory for an operating program. The memory is at least partially designed as a variable memory and is connected with an input device for a current operating program. The memory and the input device are connected to control devices, which have testing means for evaluating at least one code. At least one function of the apparatus is released only when the code agrees with a reference value.

Abstract: One aspect of the apparatus comprising, a sensor configured to acquire a biological signal of a user, and a controller configured to, determine whether the biological signal is continuously outside a predetermined range for a first time period, after determining that the biological signal has been continuously outside the predetermined range for the first time period, then determine whether the biological signal is inside the predetermined range, and activate an alarm if the controller has determined that (i) the biological signal has been outside the predetermined range for the first time period, and (ii) the biological signal has been continuously inside the predetermined range for a second time period, the second time period being longer than the first time period.

Abstract: A patient monitoring system includes at least two wireless sensing devices, each configured to measure a different physiological parameter from a patient and wirelessly transmit a parameter dataset. The system further includes a receiver that receives each parameter dataset, a processor, and a monitoring regulation module executable on the processor to assign one of the at least two wireless sensing devices as a dominant wireless sensing device and at least one of the remaining wireless sensing devices as a subordinate wireless sensing device. The physiological parameter measured by the dominant wireless sensing device is a key parameter and the parameter dataset transmitted by the dominant wireless sensing device is a key parameter dataset. The key parameter dataset from the dominant wireless sensing device is processed to determine a stability indicator. The subordinate wireless sensing device is then operated based on the stability indicator for the key parameter.

Abstract: A mobile device is programmed with an application that uses the mobile device's camera, accelerometer and microphone to enable a parent, coach or player to use it as a tool to diagnose a concussion. The tool may diagnose concussion on the basis of one or multiple factors that are scored, for example the player's balance, eye movement, speech responses to questions, button pressing response time, and other information about the location of the impact. A mobile device may be equipped with speech recognition and voice prompting to enable a concussion examination of a player to be administered by another player or coach to the injured player without significant effort by the injured player or helper. Each test may be scored, by itself or against one or more baselines for the injured player to develop an overall score and likelihood of a concussion. When the coach thinks there is a concussion, he/she can use the application to help find a doctor.

Abstract: A method of guiding a cardiac treatment using a functional imaging modality, comprising: providing functional imaging modality data from a functional imaging modality which images an intrabody volume of a patient containing a heart, the patient having been injected with an imaging agent having a nervous tissue uptake by an autonomic nervous system (ANS) of the heart, the ANS comprising at least one GP; locating the at least one GP innervating the heart based on the functional imaging modality data; and providing the located at least one GP.

Abstract: Provided is an image analysis device, an image analysis method, and an illumination device to efficiently acquire an image to be suitably used to analyze skin. An image acquisition unit is included, the image acquisition unit including an illumination unit including a light emitting unit in which a plurality of light emitting elements including at least a light emitting element that emits visible light and a light emitting element that emits invisible light are packaged, and an image pickup unit that captures an image of reflection light generated by causing irradiation light emitted from the illumination unit to be reflected by an analysis target. The present disclosure is applicable to, for example, a device for analyzing human skin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of medical monitoring, and in particular non-contact monitoring and communication with other medical monitoring devices. Systems and methods are described for receiving a video signal of a medical monitoring device that is outputting a light signal, identifying the light signal emitted by the medical monitoring device from the video signal, decoding information from the light signal, and determining a communication from the decoded information related to a patient being monitored or the medical monitoring device itself.

Abstract: Exemplary systems, devices, methods, apparatus and computer-accessible media for providing and/or utilizing optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) and fluorescence of structures and, e.g., multimodality imaging using OFDI techniques and fluorescence imaging techniques are described. For example, an arrangement can provide at least one electro-magnetic radiation to an anatomical structure. Such exemplary arrangement can include at least one optical core and at least one cladding at least partially surrounding the fiber(s). A region between the optical core(s) and the cladding(s) can have an index that is different from indexes of the optical core(s) and the cladding(s). The arrangement can also include at least one apparatus which is configured to transmit the radiation(s) via the optical core(s) and the cladding(s) to the anatomical structure.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to devices and methods for imaging and aspirating biological material from inside a vessel. In certain embodiments, the invention provides devices that include a body configured to fit within a lumen of a vessel. The body includes an opening. Devices of the invention also include an aspiration channel within the body. The aspiration channel includes a distal end that is connected to the opening. Devices of the invention also include an imaging assembly coupled to the body.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus (1), for the contactless determination of a temperature (T) of an object (100), e.g., of a human, has an infrared camera (10) with a focus (11). A calibrating device (30) is connected to the infrared camera (10) via a data link. The calibrating device (30) has an outer shell (31) with an emissivity on the outside similar to that of the object (100). A temperature sensor (34) is arranged in the outer shell (31). Moreover, a method for contactless determination of a temperature (T) of an object (100) with the measuring apparatus (1) as well as a method for the operation of the measuring apparatus are provided.

Abstract: Embodiments include a system for determining cardiovascular information for a patient. The system may include at least one computer system configured to receive patient-specific data regarding a geometry of the patient's heart, and create a three-dimensional model representing at least a portion of the patient's heart based on the patient-specific data. The at least one computer system may be further configured to create a physics-based model relating to a blood flow characteristic of the patient's heart and determine a fractional flow reserve within the patient's heart based on the three-dimensional model and the physics-based model.

Abstract: Apparatus for monitoring a clinical condition of a subject is described. A motion sensor senses motion of the subject without contacting or viewing the subject, and generates a sensed motion signal responsive to the sensed motion. A signal analyzer is adapted to analyze the motion signal to identify a cough in the subject. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Techniques for determining pulse transit time (PTT) and blood pressure measurements based on stethoscope data are provided. In one example, a system comprises a stethoscope component that monitors a heart and generates stethoscope data representative of a sound wave generated by the heart. The system can further comprise an analysis component that receives the stethoscope data and receives, from a photoplethysmography (PPG) component that monitors an extremity, PPG data representative of a pulse wave at the extremity. The analysis component can determine, based on the stethoscope data, a first time corresponding to closure of a tricuspid valve of the heart and can determine a PTT as a function of the first time and a second time corresponding to the pulse wave at the extremity that is determined based on the PPG data. Blood pressure measurements can be obtained from algorithms with the inputs of PTT or times determined based on the PPG data.

Abstract: A hemostasis or bleed-back control valve such as a Tuohy-Borst adapter is provided that is capable of sensing pressure in vivo. The valve may include a main valve body having a lumen. An upstream main seal may be disposed in the lumen of the main valve body. A catheter fitting may be disposed at a downstream end of the main valve body. A pressure transducer may be in fluid communication with the lumen of the main valve body. Such devices may be suitable for exploratory or interventional medicine involving catheterization.

Abstract: A device for measuring blood pressure and for indicating the presence of atrial fibrillation, includes an inflatable cuff, a pump, at least one pressure sensor for measuring the pressure inside the cuff, a pressure relief valve for deflating the cuff, and a control unit for controlling the pump and the valve. A calculating unit determines the presence or absence of atrial fibrillation on the basis of pressure variation sensed by the sensor. The calculating unit is adapted to independently determine the presence of atrial fibrillation on the basis of at least one, preferably two sequences, of pulse beats. The control unit is configured to maintain the pressure in a predefined range or to restore the pressure to a predefined range for an additional sequence, and to determine the presence of atrial fibrillation only if the calculating unit determines the presence of atrial fibrillation during a first and/or preceding sequence.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a computer-readable non-transitory storage medium embodies software that is operable when executed to, in real time, capture a number of images of a user; identify one or more regions of interest corresponding to one or more superficial arteries of the user. The identification is based on a signal-to-noise ratio of photoplethysmogram (PPG) data obtained from the plurality of images. The software is further operable to measure, based on the PPG data, blood volume pulse (BVP) signals; and based on the measured BVP signals, compute one or more cardiological metrics for the user.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a computer-readable non-transitory storage medium embodies software that is operable when executed to, in real time, capture a number of images of a user; and determine a time-series signal for the user based on the plurality of images. The signal includes one or more segments that are physiologically plausible and one or more segments that are physiologically implausible. The software is further operable to identify one or more of the physiologically plausible sub-segments based on one or more pre-defined signal characteristics; and calculate one or more heartrate measurements based on the physiologically plausible sub-segments.

Abstract: A wearable device includes: a wristband; at least one PPG sensor mounted on the wristband and configured to output a measured PPG signal corresponding to vital signals of a wearer of the wristband; a neural network based controller configured to receive the measured PPG signal from the at least one PPG sensor and to generate commands in real time based on a quality of the PPG signal to adjust at least one selected from a position, a tension, and an orientation of the wristband to achieve a desired PPG signal quality.

Abstract: A modular light panel includes a transparent base substrate, an array of light sources, at least one environment sensor unit mounted on the base substrate, and a transparent protecting layer encapsulating the light sources and the environment sensor unit(s). The refractive index of the transparent protecting layer is equal or less than that of the base substrate. The modular light panel might also include a wireless communication module.

Abstract: A medical device for measuring blood flow through a blood vessel of a mammal includes a conductive elastomer having a variable resistance. A frame is at least partially surrounding at least a portion of the conductive elastomer, the conductive elastomer is suspended within the frame. A mechanical amplification element is slidably engaged to the conductive elastomer, the mechanical amplification element being configured to slide within the frame and to contact skin of the mammal over the blood vessel when the frame is positioned over the blood vessel, the mechanical amplification element being configured to be displaced when the artery pulsates and changes the resistance of the elastomer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting a physiological state of a patient deviating from a reference physiological state, in which, after having determined, in each of Q frequency bands, R reference matrices PRq,r with qe[1 . . . Q] and r?[1 . . . R] which correspond to the reference physiological state, the following steps are repeated in a loop: carrying out measurements, in M time segments, of an electroencephalographic signal; filtering and centering the measurements in Q frequency bands to obtain and determine M×Q scaled matrices of spatial covariance; for each time segment m, calculating a deviation from the reference physiological state, and comparing each of the deviations from the reference physiological state to a predefined threshold. The invention also relates to a monitoring device applying said method.

Abstract: A body worn patient monitoring device includes a flexible substrate having a plurality of electrical connections adapted to be coupled to a skin surface to measure physiological signals. The flexible substrate is adapted to be directly and non-permanently affixed to a skin surface of a patient and configured for single patient use. A communication-computation module, removably attached to an upper surface of the flexible substrate, is configured to receive physiological signals from the flexible substrate and includes a microprocessor that is configured to process and analyze the physiological signals. A series of resistive traces screened onto the flexible substrate are configured as at least one series current-limiting resistor to protect the communication-computation module.

Abstract: A system for providing a standard electrocardiogram (ECG) signal for a human body using contactless ECG sensors for outputting to exiting medical equipment or for storage or viewing on a remote device. The system comprises a digital processing module (DPM) adapted to connect to an array of contactless ECG sensors provided in a fabric or the like. A selection mechanism is embedded into the DPM which allows the DPM to identify body parts using the ECG signals of the different ECG sensors and select for each body part the best sensor lead. The DPM may then produce the standard ECG signal using the selected ECG signals for the different body parts detected. The system is adapted to continuously re-examine the selection to ensure that the best leads are selected for a given body part following a movement of the body part, thereby, allowing for continuous and un-interrupted ECG monitoring of the patient.

Abstract: A wearable electrocardiography monitoring ensemble is provided. A first receptacle is defined in a wearable garment by two horizontal bands placed across the wearable garment. A second receptacle is defined by two further horizontal bands positioned across the wearable garment under the first receptacle. A first electrode assembly is positioned within the first receptacle and includes a backing with an electrical connection having an electrode on one end of the electrical connection and terminated at the other end of the electrical connection to connect with a monitor recorder. A second electrode assembly is positioned within the second receptacle and includes a backing with an electrical connection having an electrode on one end of the electrical connection and terminated at the other end of the electrical connection to connect with a further monitor recorder, wherein the first and second electrodes are aligned longitudinally in the wearable garment.

Abstract: A device, system, and method for mapping myocardial tissue, such as epicardial tissue on the right ventricle. A system for mapping myocardial tissue may include a mapping device having a distal portion that includes a distal assembly sized and configured to be positioned within the pericardial space. The distal assembly may include an expandable shell, at least one inflatable or expandable element within the expandable shell, and a mapping electrode assembly. Inflation or expansion of the at least one inflatable or expandable element, and therefore expansion of the expandable shell, within the pericardial space may provide sufficient force of the mapping electrodes against the myocardial tissue being mapped. The system may also include a delivery sheath with a retention element for controllably retracting the device within the sheath during delivery and removal of the device from the pericardial space.

Abstract: A method and medical device for determining a cardiac episode that includes sensing a cardiac signal, identifying the signal sensed during a predetermined time interval as one of a cardiac event, a non-cardiac event, and an unclassified event, determining a number of identified cardiac events, determining a number of identified unclassified events, and determining whether the cardiac episode is occurring in response to the number of identified cardiac events being greater than a cardiac event count threshold and the number of identified unclassified events being less than an unclassified event count threshold.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for corneal imaging and sensing are provided. Apparatus capable of utilizing single or multiple frequency emissions at terahertz (THz) wavelengths to create reflectivity maps of the cornea in either a contact or non-contact modes are also provided. Methods of obtaining data from THz imaging and sensing apparatus about the corneal tissue-aqueous humor system, including information about the corneal tissue water content (CTWC) and/or the central corneal thickness (CCT) are likewise provided. Methodologies may use multiple transfer functions (frequencies) in obtaining simultaneous data about CTWC and CCT. Methods using frequency sweeping to allow for determination of CTWC and CCT may also be utilized. Methods may also be used to assess CTWC using multiple bandwidths at the same frequency, or multiple frequencies at the same bandwidth. Methods may use data from CTWC measurements to aid in the diagnosis of various corneal and brain disorders.

Abstract: A FFL-based magnetic particle imaging three-dimensional reconstruction method includes: acquiring current signal data of an induction coil during FFL-based three-dimensional scanning process of a scanned object; based on the current signal data, performing deconvolution through a preset kernel function to acquire a two-dimensional image data set, wherein the kernel function is a step function with L2 regularized constraint; based on the two-dimensional image data set, acquiring an initial three-dimensional image by using a Wiener filtering deconvolution algorithm; and based on the initial three-dimensional image, performing deconvolution through a Langevin function, and acquiring a final three-dimensional image by Radon transformation.

Abstract: A flexible catheter includes an elongated body, and a sensor. The elongated body has proximal and distal end portions and defines a working channel therethrough. The sensor is disposed in the distal end portion of the elongated body and is adapted for detecting the position of a distal end of the elongated body within the anatomy of a patient. The sensor is formed from a wire that forms a first layer of wraps about the distal end portion of the elongated body and that includes first and second leads that form a twisted pair proximal to the first layer of wraps. The twisted pair of the first and second leads extends to the proximal end portion of the elongated body.

Abstract: A reader device includes an array of antenna coils configured to electromagnetically couple with devices implanted beneath or within skin of a human body. An implanted device can include a loop antenna or other means configured to couple with at least one antenna coil of the reader device to receive radio frequency energy from and transmit radio frequency transmissions to the reader device. The antenna coil array is configured to mount to the skin surface to improve the coupling between the implanted device and coils of the array. Further, the reader device is configured to select one or more antenna coils of the array and to operate the selected antenna coil to communicate, via radio frequency transmissions, with and/or provide radio frequency power to the implanted device. An antenna coil of the array can be selected based on a detected amount of coupling with the implanted device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for assessing a respiratory function from plethysmography data obtainable, for example, from a pulse oximeter. A pulsatile waveform obtained from pleth data is processed to obtain a second waveform extending over a over multiple respiratory cycles and representing respiration-related variations in a pulse-beat area defined by the pulsatile waveform. The second waveform is analyzed to obtain information indicative of respiratory distress. A respiratory index that provides a good indicator of respiratory distress may be computed based on a magnitude of respiratory peaks in the second waveform. Applications to asthma and sleep apnea are described.

Abstract: A spirometer turbine assembly is described, having a housing with a proximal end opening, a distal end opening and an airflow channel therebetween. A first flow director has a first plurality of flow director blades with distal edges that curve in a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the airflow channel, and a vane is connected to an axel positioned distal to the first flow director. A spirometer turbine assembly having an anti-static material is also described.

Abstract: A method and system for calibrating a measurement from a shoe-based sensor device for measuring pressure at one or more parts of a shoe sole and providing at least one pressure sensor measurement signal indicating the measured pressure, the method being performed at a processor that receives the at least one pressure sensor measurement signal and including: determining a minimum value for the at least one pressure sensor measurement signal and storing the determined minimum value as a correction constant in a data memory associated with the processor; and correcting a value for the at least one pressure sensor measurement signal received subsequent to the step of storing, by the stored correction constant.

Abstract: Provided is a multi-channel brain-functional near infrared spectroscopy device capable of easily levelling detector noise.

Abstract: A method of monitoring changes in oxygen saturation of a subject by analysing a three colour channel video image of the exposed skin of the subject. Within each colour channel a normalised signal obtained by dividing the intensity signal by its mean value, and the normalised signals are averaged across plural regions of interest within the exposed skin area image of the subject. Regions of interest are selected on the basis of the signal-to-noise ratios for the heart rate and breathing rate components. A single representative waveform for each colour channel is obtained by signal averaging and the ratio of the amplitudes of the representative waveforms from two different colour channels, e.g. blue and red, is taken. The changes in the ratio of amplitudes is output as a measure of changes in blood oxygen saturation.

Abstract: A sensor head for a compact oximeter sensor device includes light sources and light detectors. A compact oximeter sensor device implementation is entirely self-contained, without any need to connect, via wires or wirelessly, to a separate system unit. The sources and detectors are arranged in a circular arrangement having various source-detector pair distances that allow for robust calibration and self-correction in a compact probe. Other source-detector arrangements are also possible.

Abstract: Herein is disclosed a sensor for noninvasive measurement of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in the skin of a human. The sensor comprises a housing, a gas measuring chamber for measuring gases, at least one chimney for communication of gases diffusing through the skin to the gas measuring chamber, a broad band light source transmitting light into the gas measuring chamber and a detector system comprising a first and a second photodetector. The first photodetector detects light at a wavelength wherein CO2 absorbs light and the second photodetector acts as a zero reference detector by measuring light in a freeband where no gases absorb light.

Abstract: A photoelectric sensor module includes a first light emitting element that emits light having a first wavelength, a second light emitting element that emits light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength, and a light receiving element that receives light emitted from the first light emitting element and reflected by an object and light emitted from the second light emitting element and reflected by the object are mounted on a substrate with linear edges. With respect to a virtual straight line defined on a surface of the substrate, a light emitting portion of the first light emitting element and a light emitting portion of the second light emitting element are line-symmetric, a light receiving portion of the light receiving element is line-symmetric, and a shape of the substrate in plan view is line-symmetric.

Abstract: Provided are a processor device, an endoscope system, and an image processing method capable of discovering not only a lesion in which scattering particles according to a specific scattering model are present but also various lesions. A processor device 16 includes an image acquisition unit 54 that acquires images of three wavelength ranges of a blue wavelength range, a green wavelength range, and a red wavelength range; a scattering characteristic amount calculation unit 71 that calculates a scattering characteristic amount representing a scattering characteristic of an observation object, using the images of the three wavelength ranges; and an image generation unit 74 that generates a scattering characteristic amount image representing a distribution of the scattering characteristic amount.

Abstract: A blood glucose sensing device includes a substrate, multiple three-dimensionally (3D) printed electrode leads comprising graphene arranged on or over the substrate, and glucose monitoring chemistry arranged in or on (e.g., adsorbed in) at least one of the 3D printed electrode leads. An end portion of a counter electrode lead may partially surround an end portion of a working electrode lead, and a reference lead may be further provided, Optionally, the 3D printed electrode leads may include a thermoplastic material, such as an aliphatic polyester. The glucose monitoring chemistry may include an enzyme.

Abstract: An inventive medical device includes an implantable device, such as an electrochemical sensor. The implantable device has an implantable portion configured for insertion into a patient, a contact portion configured for connection to another device, and an interconnecting portion connecting the implantable portion and the contact portion. A housing is provided that has a first part that is removably connectable with a second part to form a sterile packaging to seal the implantable portion against a surrounding environment. The first part comprises a first sealing surface and the second part comprises a second sealing surface and the first and second sealing surfaces interact to form a sealing area. The interconnecting portion of the implantable device extends through the sealing area. An inventive method of producing the medical device is also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and systems for mitigating single point failure of a device in an analyte monitor. Methods include receiving, from a first device, a request for performing an operational test or to provide data related to functionality of a component of a second device, receiving a request from the first device to annunciate an alarm, and annunciating the alarm of the second device.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to devices and techniques associated with diagnostics, therapies, and other applications, including skin-associated applications, for example, devices for delivering and/or withdrawing fluid from subjects, e.g., through the skin. In some embodiments, the device includes a system for accessing an extractable medium from and/or through the skin of the subject at an access site, and a pressure regulator supported by a support structure, able to create a pressure differential across the skin at at least a portion of the access site. The device may also include, in some cases, a sensor supported by the support structure for determining at least one condition of the extractable medium from the subject, and optionally a signal generator supported by the support structure for generating a signal relating to the condition of the medium determined by the sensor.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for dried blood spot (DBS) sample collection are disclosed. A dried blood spot sampling device is configured to deliver blood through a passage to an absorbent disk in the device and control an amount of blood saturating the absorbent disk. The sampling device may include a manually actuatable component adjustable between a first position, in which an outlet of the passage is not in physical contact with the absorbent disk, and a second position, in which the outlet of the passage is in physical contact with the absorbent disk.

Abstract: A diagnostic system for measuring and analyzing startle response of a subject comprises a stimuli delivery module, whereby startle stimuli and prepulse stimuli are delivered to subject; said diagnostic system comprises at least one sensor module, whereby the startle response of subject are detected and recorded; said sensor module comprises at least one electrode and one eyeblink response measuring means; and said diagnostic system comprises a diagnosis module whereby the features of the startle response and prepulse inhibition of subject are extracted and analyzed.

Abstract: A method includes receiving, in a processor, a two-dimensional (2D) electroanatomical (EA) map of an interior surface of at least a portion of a cavity of an organ of a patient, the 2D EA map including electrophysiological (EP) values measured at respective locations on the interior surface. A complex analytic function is fitted to a set of the EP values that were measured in a given region of the 2D EA map. A singularity is identified in the fitted complex analytic function. The region is projected onto a three-dimensional (3D) EA map of the interior surface. At least part of the 3D E A map is presented to a user, including indicating an arrhythmogenic EP activity at a location on the 3D E A map corresponding to the singularity identified in the fitted complex analytic function.

Abstract: A falloposcope is described, as is a method of screening a patient for fallopian tube and/or ovarian cancer with the Falloposcope. The falloposcope has an optical imaging subsystem capable of performing optical and fluorescence imaging, and an optical coherence tomography (OCT) channel, with a diameter of about 0.7 millimeter. The method includes inserting the falloposcope through a lumen of vagina, cervix, uterus, and fallopian tube such that a tip of the falloposcope is in proximity to a first fallopian tube or ovary of the patient; providing at least one fluorescence stimulus wavelength through an illumination fiber of the falloposcope, while imaging light at one or more fluorescence emission wavelengths through a coherent fiber bundle to form fluorescence emissions images; and determining suspect tissue from the fluorescence emission images.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a vaginal drug delivery device and to a vaginal diagnostic device that comprises a first and second rigid member, wherein the first and/or second rigid member comprises a reservoir holding a medicament to be delivered, an opening, and a pump for pumping said medicament out of said opening, and/or wherein the first rigid member and/or second rigid member comprises a diagnostic device for performing an intravaginal diagnosis or measurement therefor. The device further comprises a first flexible member and flexible part, wherein at least one of the first flexible member and the flexible part is at least partially elastic having an elasticity such that the device can be squeezed from an extended shape to a collapsed shape. The device is pre-biased to assume the extended shape when little to no external force is being applied thereto.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a system and method for determining sleep onset latency in a subject. The system is configured to generate output signals conveying information related to brain activity in the subject, determine sleep stages of the subject based on the output signals, determine a sleep onset moment in the subject based on the determined sleep stages, determine a sleep intention moment for the subject by: (i) detecting eye blinks in the subject based on the output signals, and determining the sleep intention moment responsive to the detected eye blinks ceasing for a predetermined period of time; and/or (ii) determining whether brain activity power in a target frequency band has breached a threshold power level based on the output signals, and determining the sleep intention moment responsive to a breach; and determine the sleep onset latency based on the sleep onset moment and the sleep intention moment.

Abstract: A paralysis monitoring system can be utilized during various medical procedures. Generally, the system is used during procedures involving anesthesia, when general paralysis is necessary, e.g., during surgery that requires cutting through or mobilizing muscle tissue. The paralysis monitoring system stimulates a nerve with low voltage signals and can provide for continuous monitoring and recording of the evoked muscle activity throughout and after a procedure. By monitoring a quantitative response of the muscle activity to nerve stimulation, an anesthesiologist may adjust subsequent doses of a paralytic agent to achieve a desired level of paralysis.