Abstract: A respirable dry powder including acetylsalicylic acid in particles has a mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) within a range of about 0.5 ?m to about 10 ?um. The respirable dry powder may contain a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, such as a phospholipid, in an amount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w) of the particles.

Abstract: This application relates generally to the field of minimally invasive delivery of therapeutic agents. Specifically, the present invention provides for materials and methods directed to minimally invasive, targeted delivery of agents such as drugs, penetrants, blood barrier augmentation agents or other compounds to certain localized brain regions through the use of delivery balloon catheters.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for treating first, second degree burns to rapidly minimize hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, blistering, and pain management by externally applying gel mixture on unopened injured burn areas from onset of burn shock. The substrate is a gel mixture matrix containing concentrated sodium ion that creates a concentration gradient, allowing in situ diffusion of sodium ion (in vitro) into blister, edema, and extracellular fluids (in vivo) to reduce hyponatremia and (in situ), delivering the pH control constituents in vivo to prevent initial acidosis, followed by minimizing subsequent alkalosis and normalizing SID while simultaneously in situ expelling potassium ions in vitro from the same fluids transdermally while restoring normal homeostasis.

Abstract: The disclosure provides stable formulations of cationic biocides that are primarily used in the treatment and prevention of infections. The disclosure is also concerned with processes for forming stable emulsions of cationic biocides and petrolatum.

Abstract: A multi-component nanochain for use in diagnostic and therapeutic applications includes at least three nanoparticles linked together to form the nanochain. At least one nanoparticle of the nanochain has an asymmetric surface chemistry defined by asymmetrically disposed first linkers and second linkers. The nanoparticles are linked to form the nanochain by linking first linkers and/or second linkers disposed on separate nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method of reducing a friction coefficient of a surface is disclosed herein, comprising attaching a water-soluble polymer to the surface, and contacting the water-soluble polymer with liposomes, thereby coating the surface with an amphiphilic lipid. Further disclosed herein are solutions comprising a water-soluble polymer attachable to the surface, liposomes, and an aqueous carrier, for reducing a friction coefficient of a surface, and methods utilizing same. Articles of manufacture comprising a substrate coated by a water-soluble polymer which is coated by an amphiphilic lipid are also described, as are uses and methods for treating a synovial joint disorder associated with increased articular friction.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of manufacturing clinical grade exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Further provided are methods of loading the exosomes with therapeutic agents, such as siRNA. Also provided herein are methods of treating diseases by administering the clinical grade exosomes.

Abstract: A multivesicular liposome composition includes a plurality of multivesicular liposomes. Each multivesicular liposome includes a carrier liposome particle including carrier phospholipid bilayer and having an average diameter less than 1 micron; and at least one sub-chamber liposome nanoparticle including a sub-chamber liposome nanoparticle bilayer and having an average diameter less than about 50 nm. The carrier liposome particle encapsulates the at least one sub-chamber liposome nanoparticle. Characteristically, tail groups of the carrier liposome phospholipids are larger than tail groups phospholipids of the at least one sub-chamber liposome nanoparticle.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition in form of an aqueous suspension up to a size of 200 ?m comprises or consists of amphiphilic sulfonate and/or sulfate of a hydrophilic cancer drug having a solubility in water or aqueous body fluid of less than 0.1% by weight. Also disclosed are the particles in powderous form, methods for their production and for the production of the suspension, a method of treating cancer, bacterial or fungal infections in lung by administration of the pharmaceutical composition, and a method of designing a composition according to the invention.

Abstract: Described are polymeric particles containing polymers and formulations containing these polymeric particles. The polymeric particles are effectively absorbed by intestinal mucosa and/or GI tissue, and show increased systemic uptake following oral administration as a result of their negative zeta potentials in DI water. The polymers contain a moiety that imparts a negative charge in DI water to the polymers. Optionally, the polymeric particles contain an anionic surfactant, lipid(s), peptide(s), salt(s), amino acids, induced electrons in appropriate quantities to induce the desired negative charge or/and to further enhance GI absorption and/or systemic uptake. The polymeric particles can be used to deliver any therapeutic, diagnostic, and/or prophylactic agent suitable for encapsulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a spheroid using a composition for a liquid bath for dipping a hydrogel droplet and to a spheroid manufactured thereby. The method of manufacturing the spheroid according to the present invention is capable of successfully forming a spheroid having a 3D spherical shape that is difficult to implement on a planar substrate and also of realizing a spheroid having a uniform size, and thus can be effectively used as a technique for obtaining a spheroid having a 3D spherical shape and a uniform size in the field of cell culture.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a freeze-dried composition which comprises (a) a monovalent metal alginate and (b) a salt selected from a monovalent metal salt and an ammonium salt; and a method of producing a freeze-dried monovalent metal alginate composition which comprises the steps of freezing an aqueous solution formed by dissolving at least the component (a) and the component (b), performing first drying, and then performing second drying as desired to reduce a water content to 3% by mass or less. This is a freeze-dried monovalent metal alginate composition with suppressed viscosity decrease with the lapse of time.

Abstract: While developing a therapeutic agent for human arthritis by using a pentosan polysulfate sodium injection, the inventors of the present invention found that minute particles were generated due to delamination in an ampule of a pentosan polysulfate sodium injection for treatment of human arthritis. Although a pentosan polysulfate sodium injection has been used over the past 30 or more years, such findings had not been obtained. Accordingly, the present invention was achieved in order to prevent the occurrence of delamination in a pentosan polysulfate sodium injection. Based on the thought that using a lyophilized pentosan polysulfate sodium preparation makes it possible to prevent delamination in a pentosan polysulfate sodium injection, the inventors of the present invention investigated various lyophilized preparations and various methods for manufacturing the lyophilized preparations.

Abstract: A preparation which contains acetaminophen at a high content, in particular, a miniaturized tablet (conventional tablets, sustained-release tablets, etc.) which have excellent dissolution properties, preferable hardness and high drug content uniformity and a manufacturing method thereof. Acetaminophen has a preset particle size and is used for manufacturing a preparation, the flowability of acetaminophen can be improved so that secondary agglomeration can be suppressed, manufacturing efficiency can be elevated and the cost for manufacturing is also reduced. Thus, an acetaminophen preparation having improved administrability, for example, a reduced size and a manufacturing method thereof are highly useful.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides powder coating compositions for pharmaceutical pellets which include one or more film forming polymers in powder form present in the composition in a range from about 1 to about 95% w/w. The compositions include one or more plasticizers in powder or liquid form present in the composition in quantity to lower the glass transition temperature of the coating composition to a temperature in a range from about 30 to 100° C. The compositions also include one or more one anti-static agents in powder or liquid form present in the composition in a range from about 0.1 to about 95% w/w as well as one or more flow enhancing agents in powder form present in the composition in a range from about 0.1 to about 25% w/w.

Abstract: Covalently modified alginate polymers, possessing enhanced biocompatibility and tailored physiochemical properties, as well as methods of making and use thereof, are disclosed herein. The covalently modified alginates are useful as a matrix for the encapsulation and transplantation of cells. Also disclosed are high throughput methods for the characterizing the biocompatibility and physiochemical properties of modified alginate polymers.

Abstract: There is provided a probiotic microcapsule comprising a core comprising probiotic microorganisms; and a coating layer comprising a hybrid solid dispersion comprising an edible fatty molecule evenly dispersed within a water-soluble film forming polymer and an edible mediator, wherein said edible mediator is starch octenyl succinate.

Abstract: In one aspect, methods of treating cancer are disclosed. A method described herein, in some embodiments, comprises quantifying ZEB1 expression in a cancerous cell population and administering silver nanoparticles to the cancerous population if the quantified ZEB1 expression meets or exceeds a ZEB1 expression threshold. In some embodiments, the quantified ZEB1 expression is compared to a ZEB1 expression threshold above which a cancerous cell population response to silver nanoparticles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a formulation of at least one digestive enzyme, the formulation comprising solid lipid particles, the solid lipid particles being: between 50 ?m and 1200 ?m in size, strictly hydrophobic, free of water, of organic solvent, of surfactant compound and of polymer, and comprising: at least one digestive enzyme, a strictly hydrophobic, non-hygroscopic waxy matrix, in which said at least one digestive enzyme: has homogeneous distribution in each solid lipid particle of the formulation, is distributed without a distribution gradient towards the interior of the waxy matrix, and represents between 0.1% and 90% of the mass of the formulation, the formulation having a melting point of between 20° C. and 65° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for lipid nanoparticle formulation and mRNA encapsulation. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a process of encapsulating messenger RNA (mRNA) in lipid nanoparticles comprising a step of combining a solution of preformed lipid nanoparticles with lipid nanoparticles encapsulating mRNA, resulting in a composition of increased potency of mRNA encoded protein expression in vivo.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for wound healing. In particular, the present invention relates to promoting and enhancing wound healing by utilizing cross-linker covalent modification molecules to attach and deliver wound active agents to a wound. In addition, the present invention provides methods and compositions utilizing oppositely charged polymers to form a polyelectrolyte layer on a wound surface. The invention further relates to incorporating wound active agents into a polyelectrolyte layer for delivery to a wound.

Abstract: A method for treatment of irritation or damage to conical or conjunctival epithelial cells, particularly for irritation or damage to corneal or conjunctival epithelial cells due to severe Sjögren's syndrome, comprising applying topically to an affected eye an aqueous solution of glycerol characterized by a glycerol concentration of >1% (w/v), most preferably 2.5% (w/v). The method is effective even in the case of very low tear formation, and its effectiveness cannot be explained by the known humectant effect of glycerol.

Abstract: Provided is a composition comprising: a polysorbate, vitamin E TPGS, a cannabinoid, and an antioxidant. Also provided is a use of the composition for oral consumption and/or topical application and a method of making the composition.

Abstract: Lipid-based delivery vehicles are provided. Nanoparticulate compositions typically including a p21 activated kinase (PAK) inhibitor and a lipid-based delivery vehicle are also provided. In preferred embodiments, the lipid-based delivery vehicle is a liposome, most preferably a sterically-stabilized liposome. Typically the lipid-based delivery vehicle includes one or more phospholipids, and optionally a sterol. In some embodiments, at least one of the phospholipids is PEGylated. In particular embodiments, the lipid-based delivery vehicle includes DSPC, DSPE-PEG2000, and cholesterol. In specific embodiments, the ratio of DSPC, DSPE-PEG, and cholesterol is 9:1:5. The nanoparticulate composition typically includes a PAK inhibitor, preferably a PAK-1 inhibitor such as IPA-3 or a derivative, prodrug, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a prophylactic or inhibitory agent for brain hypofunction, which comprises a carotenoid composition or a carotenoid formulation, each containing astaxanthin, adonirubin and adonixanthin at a given ratio.

Abstract: Provided herein are subcutaneous formulations of ketamine that are useful for treating a variety of disease and disorders. The subcutaneous ketamine formulations provided herein reduce injection site irritation and pain.

Abstract: In various aspects and embodiments provided are compositions and methods for identifying patients in need of improving cognition and/or treating a neurodegenerative disease in a patient and treating such patient. More specifically, the disclosure in some embodiments includes administration of a ?-AR agonist and a peripherally acting ?-blocker (PABRA) to a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to inhibitors of mitochondrial function. Methods of screening compounds for mitochondrial inhibition are disclosed. Also described are methods of using mitochondrial inhibitors called mitoriboscins—mitochondrial-based therapeutic compounds having anti-cancer and antibiotic properties—to prevent or treat cancer, bacterial infections, and pathogenic yeast, as well as methods of using mitochondrial inhibitors to provide anti-aging benefits. Specific mitoriboscin compounds and groups of mitoriboscins are also disclosed.

Abstract: Dosage forms, drug delivery systems, and methods related to sustained release of dextromethorphan or improved therapeutic effects are disclosed. Typically, bupropion or a related compound is orally administered to a human being to be treated with, or being treated with, dextromethorphan.

Abstract: Dosage forms, drug delivery systems, and methods related to sustained release of dextromethorphan or improved therapeutic effects are disclosed. Typically, bupropion or a related compound is orally administered to a human being to be treated with, or being treated with, dextromethorphan.

Abstract: Dosage forms, drug delivery systems, and methods related to sustained release of dextromethorphan or improved therapeutic effects are disclosed. Typically, bupropion or a related compound is orally administered to a human being to be treated with, or being treated with, dextromethorphan.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions of (E)-2,4,6-trimethoxystyryl-3-[(carboxymethyl)amino]-4-methoxybenzylsulphone and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are described as well as methods of their use, and a dose regimen of (E)-2,4,6-trimethoxystyryl-3-[(carboxymethyl)amino]-4-methoxybenzylsulphone, sodium salt to reduce the incidence of urothelial toxicity.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of AMPK agonists, such as metformin to, restore the responsiveness of aged oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to differentiation factors. This may be useful in promoting oligodendrocyte differentiation and increasing the remyelination of neuronal axons, for example in the treatment of demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Therapeutic combinations comprising AMPK agonist and a differentiation factor and therapeutic uses thereof are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions comprising proguanil for treating asthma. The invention also relates to methods and compositions comprising proguanil for treating Parkinson's disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for enhancing T-cell function or for treating a T-cell dysfunctional disorder, the composition comprising, consisting or consisting essentially of a lysine specific demethylase (LSD) inhibitor (which may be a MAO inhibitor or phenelzine) and a Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) binding antagonist (which may be an antibody, preferably nivolumab, pembrolizumab, lambrolizumab or pidilizumab).

Abstract: The invention features a method for inhibiting one or more voltage-gated ion channels in a cell by contacting the cell with (i) a first compound that activates a channel-forming receptor that is present on nociceptors and/or pruriceptors; and (ii) a second compound that inhibits one or more voltage-gated ion channels when applied to the internal face of the channels but does not substantially inhibit said channels when applied to the external face of the channels, wherein the second compound is capable of entering nociceptors or pruriceptors through the channel-forming receptor when the receptor is activated. The invention also features a quarternary amine derivative or other permanently or transiently charged derivative of a compound that inhibits one or more voltage-gated ion channels when applied to the internal face of the channels but does not substantially inhibit said channels when applied to the external face of the channels.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of administering GHB formulations for the treatment of narcolepsy and other conditions.

Abstract: The present invention features palatable pharmaceutical compositions including sodium phenylbutyrate and methods for the treatment of inborn errors of metabolism (e.g., Maple Syrup Urine Disease or Urea Cycle Disorders), neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, spinal muscular atrophy, dystonia, or inclusion-body myositis with such compositions.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a pharmaceutical composition of fused tricyclic gamma-amino acid derivatives and the use thereof. The pharmaceutical composition includes: (i) a compound having a structure represented by formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as an active material, in an amount of 1% to 45% by weight; (ii) optionally one or more fillers in an amount of 50% to 95% by weight; (iii) optionally one or more lubricating agents in an amount of 0.1% to 5.5% by weight; and the sum of weight percentages of the all components is 100%, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of formula (I) has a structure as follows.

Abstract: Opicapone, levodopa and an AADC inhibitor are described for use in slowing the progression of Parkinson's Disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods of administering N-acetylcysteine (NAC) via intranasal nose-to-brain administration. The effect of intranasal NAC nose-to-brain administration can be monitored using an analytical technique, for example, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). In some embodiments, intranasal nose-to-brain NAC can be used to treat a condition, for example, a brain injury.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of treating anxiety or stress in an animal are disclosed. Compositions and methods of reducing or preventing elevated levels of 4-EPS are disclosed. Compositions and methods for promoting growth of beneficial microbes in an animal's microbiome and inhibiting growth of non-beneficial microbes are disclosed. The methods comprise administering to the animal an effective amount of n-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, insoluble fiber and soluble fiber in an effective ratio of insoluble fiber and soluble fiber. Compositions comprise effective amounts of n-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, insoluble fiber and soluble fiber in an effective ratio of insoluble fiber and soluble fiber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising one or more extracts and/or compounds having retinol-like activity and properties and methods of using the compositions to treat the eye.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating or preventing muscle wasting resulting from an underlying disease or disorder, such as cancer cachexia. A therapeutically effective amount of a ketogenic supplement—such as R,S 1,3 butanediol diacetoacetate, R,S 1,3-butanediol acetoacetate diester, derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof—is administered to a patient or subject in need. The ketogenic supplement may further include a medium chain triglyceride in combination with the ketone ester.

Abstract: This invention relates to high dmg load compositions of medium chain triglycerides (MCT), and to methods for treatment with such compositions at amounts effective to elevate ketone body concentrations so as to treat conditions associated with reduced neuronal metabolism, for example Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Modified release formulations of gamma-hydroxybutyrate having improved dissolution and pharmacokinetic properties are provided, and therapeutic uses thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods of promoting phagocytosis, particularly the phagocytic activity of microglia via activation of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2). The present disclosure is also directed to methods of activating TREM2 in a cell, particularly a neuronal cell exhibiting an accumulation of a pathogenic protein. The present disclosure is directed to detecting an effect of a compound on the TREM2 activity as well.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and kits including a chemical uncoupler, such as tyrphostin 9 or precursor or a salt thereof, and compositions including a chemical uncoupler, such as tyrphostin 9 in combination with one or more therapeutic agents, for example, L-carnitine, which are useful, for example, in treating obesity, preventing weight gain, promoting weight loss/slimming, and/or treating or preventing the development of diabetes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new use of Tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (Tris DBA). The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising Tris DBA, and a use of the pharmaceutical composition for treating autoimmune diseases, such as, Multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, asthma, systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis.

Abstract: A method for lowering systolic blood pressure in a patient exhibiting resistance to a antihypertensive therapy with one or more drugs, the method comprising administering to the patient ANAVEX®2-73 at a dose and frequency effective to provide a reduction of at least about 3 mmHg in one or more blood pressure parameters selected from trough sitting systolic, 24-hour ambulatory systolic, and maximum diurnal systolic blood pressures.