Abstract: A concise representation illustrating essential elements of a subjective refraction eye test that includes choices of optics offered to a test subject, responses by the test subject indicating respective choices among the optics, and time durations of, between, or both of and between, responses by the test subject indicating the respective choices of optics. The concise representation includes a presentation that illustrates the essential elements of the eye test.

Abstract: A field of vision assessment is performed by reported positional feedback of visual markers at an outer circumference of a subject's field of vision. An array of visual markers arranged in a grid is rendered near a peripheral vision limit of the subject. The visual markers are disposed at known locations relative to an origin of the field of vision of the subject. Based on reported visual markers, a mapping of the visual markers to the location denotes a point on a periphery of limit of the visual field. The mapped points define vertices of a polyhedron having edges denoted by the vertices and the origin. The volume of the resulting polyhedron correlates to the field of vision of the subject, since as the periphery of the field of vision increases, the computed volume also increases.

Abstract: Embodiments test a subject's vision. A polarization arrangement polarizes incident light and rotates an angle of polarization applied to the incident light about an axis substantially collinear with a path of the light. An optical component directs light onto the polarization arrangement and produces light having a selected degree of polarization and having a rotating angle of polarization for observation by the subject The subject may be able to observe the visual phenomenon known as Haidinger's brushes and due to the rotation of the angle of polarization the eye's tendency to adapt away the phenomenon is counteracted, so that the effect persists and a more reliable testing of the subject can be carried out. Testing the subject's ability to perceive the phenomenon at multiple selectable degrees of polarization enables an assessment of the subject's eyes, and an estimate of macular pigment optical density and susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration.

Abstract: Methods and devices for detecting sites of low optical reflectivity from optical coherence tomography, OCT, of the retina are provided. The method includes segmenting retinal layers from OCT data, calculating optical reflectivity of each segmented retinal layers from the OCT data, and detecting sites of low optical reflectivity from the calculated optical reflectivity of the segmented retinal layers. The calculated optical reflectivity can be compared against a predetermined threshold obtained from a healthy population. Segmenting can be carried out according to the optical reflectivity of each identified retinal layer. OCT-Microangiography data can be displayed side-by-side or superimposed with the enface images of the calculated optical reflectivity. The device can be combined with OCT equipment, in particular for displaying the detected sites of low optical reflectivity.

Abstract: An arrangement for adapting the focal plane of an optical system to a non-planar, in particular spherical or spheroidal object, wherein the optical system has a positive total refractive power and generates a real image. The optical system also comprises an optical element with a negative refractive power. Principally useful in all technical fields with the corresponding requirements relating to a curved focal plane, the arrangement is useful in ophthalmologic devices. The eye which is to be examined is the spherical or spheroidal object for example, the front of the eye which has radii of between 5 and 10 mm of small dimensions.

Abstract: In a slit lamp microscope, ease of maintenance of an illumination-power-supply cable is improved while preventing the cable from appearing untidy. An illumination support arm of a slit lamp microscope is provided with a groove-shaped cable holder in which the illumination-power-supply cable is disposed along the outer surface of the illumination support arm in an externally exposed state. This configuration facilitates replacement of the illumination-power-supply cable even when a problem, such as breaking of the illumination-power-supply cable, occurs, thus improving ease of maintenance. Furthermore, because the illumination-power-supply cable is disposed along the groove-shaped cable holder, the slit lamp microscope has a neat appearance.

Abstract: According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of dynamically adapting a facial treatment based on a current facial skin profile, comprising: using at least one sensor for measuring at least one current value of at least one variable skin characteristic of facial skin of a patient; acquiring at least one personal skin characteristic of facial skin of the patient; calculating a current facial skin status of the patient according to the at least one personal skin characteristic and the at least one current value; determining instructions to operate a treatment applicator according to the current facial skin status; and instructing the treatment applicator according to the instructions.

Abstract: A bio sensor using electromagnetic waves according to an embodiment may comprise a resonator assembly, a power supply unit, and a processor. The resonator assembly may include at least one feeding line which is disposed along the outer edge of a feeding area and can feed electric power to the feeding area, and a pattern wire which is disposed along a pattern in the feeding area and can receive electric power from the feeding line through capacitive coupling. The power supply unit may supply electric power to the resonator assembly. While a frequency of the electric power is swept, the processor may acquire a parameter which is biometric data corresponding to a concentration of a target analyte existing around the resonator assembly and is related to a resonant frequency of the resonator assembly.

Abstract: An information processing device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a receiver configured to receive a packet for one-way communication including data from an external device, an application execution unit configured to execute an application which processes the data, and an intermittent reception parameter adjustment unit configured to adjust an intermittent reception parameter for controlling an intermittent reception operation of the receiver so that when the application is operating in a background, a duty ratio of the intermittent reception operation is smaller than when the application is operating in a foreground.

Abstract: The virtual stethoscope and otoscope includes a head having a hollow internal volume with a diaphragm on one side and an otoscope cone on the opposite side. The head is coupled to one end of the tube and a microphone is coupled to an opposite side of the tube. The microphone is coupled to a cable and connector which is attached to a patient computing device. The diaphragm is placed on the patient and the body vibrations produce sound waves which are detected by the microphone. The microphone converts the sound waves into electrical signals which are high/low pass filtered and amplified before being transmitted to the patient computing device which can then transmit the patient data to a medical professional computing device.

Abstract: A device to estimate mechanical properties of brain and abdomen organs undergoing magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) includes electromagnetic actuators, mechanical wave generation mechanisms, and a control unit to generate oscillatory motion signals in synchronization with the MR scanner. Preserving only the shear wave component, a local fitting algorithm is used to estimate the viscoelastic properties of soft tissues. The device is portable and easy to implement in clinical diagnostics, and can be modified to measure other soft materials.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method of optically recording neural activity in one or more regions of a target tissue. Also provided is a method of optically modulating the activity of a neural tissue. Further provided is a system that finds use in performing the present methods.

Abstract: This invention is regarding a set of stand-alone or combined-use surgical tools and associated systems and methods for performing surgical procedures such as identifying hidden tissue anatomy and dissecting the periphery tissues. In particular, this invention describes tools and the associated systems and methods for visualizing hidden important structures such as arteries, veins, ureters, bile duct, bowel, nodules, tumors, and performing tissue cutting using energy-based instrument. The tools are to be operated stand-alone or by attaching to existing instruments used for minimally invasive surgery.

Abstract: An Integrated CardioRespiratory (ICR) System is provided for continuous Ejection Fraction (EF) measurement using a wearable device comprising a plurality of acoustic sensors. The ICR system performs signal processing computations to characterize cardiac acoustic signals that are generated by cardiac hemodynamic flow, cardiac valve, and tissue motion, and may use advanced machine learning methods to provide accurate computation of EF.

Abstract: A system for non-invasively determining an indication of an individual's blood pressure is described. In certain embodiments, the system calculates pulse wave transit time using two acoustic sensors. The system can include a first acoustic sensor configured to monitor heart sounds of the patient corresponding to ventricular systole and diastole and a second acoustic sensor configured to monitor arterial pulse sounds at an arterial location remote from the heart. The system can advantageously calculate a arterial pulse wave transit time (PWTT) that does not include the pre-ejection period time delay. In certain embodiments, the system further includes a processor that calculates the arterial PWTT obtained from the acoustic sensors. The system can use this arterial PWTT to determine whether to trigger an occlusive cuff measurement.

Abstract: A pulse wave detecting device includes a sensor section and a control unit. The sensor section is rotatable about a first axis and is rotatable about a second axis. The control unit determines a rotation angle about the first axis based on DC components of pressure detecting elements included in element rows. Then, in a state where the sensor section is controlled to the optimal pitch angle, the sensor section is pressed against the body surface, and a pulse wave is detected based on pressure signals detected by pressure detecting elements in this state, and vital information is calculated based on the detected pulse wave.

Abstract: Described herein are methods, systems, and software for monitoring blood pressure. In some embodiments, a using a mobile device is used. The blood pressure monitoring system utilizes heart rate measurements at two separate locations on the body to calculate a differential pulse arrival time which is used to estimate blood pressure. The heart rate measurements can be taken simultaneously, or they can be taken sequentially while simultaneously taking ECG measurement. If taken sequentially, the heart rate measurements are aligned with the ECG to determine the differential. Accurate, inexpensive, and discreet blood pressure monitoring is thus provided.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising at least one light source, at least one photodetector, a first layer of optical material configured to embed the at least one light source, and a second layer of optical material configured to embed the at least one photodetector. The first and second layer of optical material are configured to guide light from the at least one light source and to prevent the light from the at least one light source directly reaching the at least on photodetector, and the second layer of optical material is configured to guide light towards the at least one photodetector.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bio-electrode composition including a silicone bonded to a fluorosulfonic acid salt, wherein the fluorosulfonic acid salt is shown by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 represents an alkylene groups with 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an arylene groups with 6 to 10 carbon atoms; Rf1 and Rf2 each represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an oxygen atom, or a trifluoromethyl group; Rf3 and Rf4 each represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or a trifluoromethyl group, provided that one or more fluorine atoms are contained in Rf1 to Rf4; M is selected from sodium, potassium, and silver. This can form a living body contact layer for a bio-electrode that is excellent in electric conductivity and biocompatibility, light-weight, manufacturable at low cost, and free from large lowering of the electric conductivity even though it is wetted with water or dried.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of using a therapeutic system. In particular, the present invention relates to procedures and methods of using a system having hardware, software, and appliance components for assessing and entraining a non-nutritive suck (NNS) pattern in a patient. The methods include configuring the hardware and software systems to receive data from an orofacial stimulation appliance and to generate a precise therapeutic pulse profile that is actuated as a tactile stimulus. The methods also include collecting data using the orofacial stimulation appliance and delivering the tactile stimulus via the orofacial stimulation appliance to entrain an organized NNS pattern.

Abstract: An integrated device of a patch and sensor assembly detects extravasation or infiltration. A transmitter is positioned to direct power into a body portion. A sensor is positioned to receive the power transmitted through the body portion. A substrate is attachable to an outer surface of the body portion and supports the transmitter and the sensor. A signal processor is coupled to the transmitter and the sensor for detecting a change in a fluid level in the body portion from extravasation or infiltration based on the power received by the sensor. A power supply is coupled to the transmitter and the sensor. An indicator is responsive to the signal processor to indicate a detected change in a fluid level in the body portion from extravasation or infiltration.

Abstract: Techniques and apparatuses for determining fluid volumes of a patient are described. In one embodiment, for example, an apparatus may include at least one memory, and logic coupled to the at least one memory. The logic may be configured to receive baseline bioimpedance information for at least a portion of a human body at a baseline pressure, receive pressurized bioimpedance information of the portion of the human body at a pressurized pressure, the pressurized pressure greater than the baseline pressure and configured to substantially remove blood volume from the portion at the pressurized pressure, and determine at least one of interstitial fluid volume (VIT) or peripheral blood volume (BVP) based on the baseline bioimpedance information and the pressurized bioimpedance information. Other embodiments are described.

Abstract: According to some aspects, a magnetic resonance imaging system capable of imaging a patient is provided. The magnetic resonance imaging system comprising at least one B0 magnet to produce a magnetic field to contribute to a B0 magnetic field for the magnetic resonance imaging system and a member configured to engage with a releasable securing mechanism of a radio frequency coil apparatus, the member attached to the magnetic resonance imaging system at a location so that, when the member is engaged with the releasable securing mechanism of the radio frequency coil apparatus, the radio frequency coil apparatus is secured to the magnetic resonance imaging system substantially within an imaging region of the magnetic resonance imaging system.

Abstract: A system for extending the visual capabilities and working channel of a bronchoscope including a probe having optic and/or tracking capabilities at a distal tip thereof and capable of being advanced through the working channel of a standard bronchoscope. The probe also includes a working channel through which various diagnostic and treatment tools may be advanced.

Abstract: A medical device can be localized by providing at least three non-colinear localization elements (e.g., electrodes) thereon. Once placed in a non-ionizing localization field, three adjacent localization elements, at least one of which will typically be a spot electrode, may be selected, and the non-ionizing localization field may be used to measure their locations. A cylinder is defined to fit the measured locations of the selected localization elements. The cylinder is rotationally oriented using the measured location of a spot electrode. Location and rotational attitude information may be used to construct a three-dimensional representation of the medical device within the localization field. The electrodes may be provided on the medical device or on a sheath into which the medical device is inserted. The invention also provides systems and methods for identifying and calibrating deflection planes where the medical device and/or sheath are deflectable.

Abstract: There is provided a respiration estimation method. The respiration estimation method includes a first step (S107) of estimating a breathing rate of a subject based on each of a time-series signal of first data relating to a cardiac function of the subject and a time-series signal of second data relating to an acceleration by a respiratory motion of the subject, a second step (S108) of estimating a breathing rate obtained by filtering noise using a Kalman filter for each of the breathing rate estimated based on the first data and the breathing rate estimated based on the second data, and a third step (S109) of executing weighted averaging processing for the plurality of estimated values of the breathing rates obtained in the second step.

Abstract: A spirometer comprises a housing defining a fluid flow pathway extending between a first end and a second end, a first opening along the pathway and a second opening longitudinally spaced along the pathway from the first opening. A flow chamber defining a fluid flow pathway is disposed within the housing between the first opening and the second opening, the flow chamber including an elongated resistive element along the central longitudinal axis of the flow chamber for defining a flow passage through the flow chamber between the resistive element and the inner surface of the flow chamber. The flow chamber conditions fluid flow for accurate sensing of the fluid flow over a range. A pressure sensor is disposed within the housing in fluid communication with the first opening and the second opening for sensing a pressure differential between the first opening and the second opening and producing an electric signal that corresponds with the rate of fluid flow through the housing.

Abstract: A three-dimensional folding self-driving flexible respiration monitoring sensor and the preparing method thereof is disclosed. In the present invention a first friction unit and a second friction unit are set on a bottom of the box, which comprise a substrate, a conductive electrode layer and a friction layer respectively; the second friction unit is fixed on the bottom of the box; a friction layer of the first friction unit faces a friction layer of the second friction unit; a back plate is set on a substrate of the first friction unit; a balloon is between the box and the back plate; an inlet tube connects the balloon and the box, which is on a side wall of the box; the conductive electrode layer of the first friction layer and the second friction layer are connected to the electrometer respectively. Micro-energy of the respiration is adopted to monitor the breathing.

Abstract: The system includes an instrument for determining the anatomical, biomechanical, and physiological properties of a body segment that includes one or more force sensitive probes is provided. A human operator actuates one or more force sensitive probes, wherein the force sensitive probes are positioned at the surface of the body segment. The operator pushes on the force sensitive probes with varying force applied on the body segment to measure tissue deflection forces. The instrument may include one or more of gyroscopes, accelerometers, and magnetometers capable of measuring changes in tissue deflection caused by the force sensitive probes relative to a grounded reference frame in 3-D space, wherein the tissue deflection force data and the change in tissue deflection data are used to compute segment tissue viscoelastic properties. The instrument may also be untethered or wireless.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a method for detecting whether a bedridden person is getting out of bed or has fallen out of their bed. The device performs an analysis over time of the distances between the sensors of a detector and the objects that are present in the detection field of the detector. The detection is based on variations in said distances and of the locations thereof within the monitored space.

Abstract: Establishing an analyte database using analyte data that has been obtained using non-invasive analyte sensors, and using the analyte database to analyze data obtained using a non-invasive analyte sensor. Once the analyte database is established, the analyte database can be updated with new analyte data, and the analyte database can be used to analyze the new analyte data to derive information from the new analyte data. For example, in the case of a human target, the new analyte data together with the analyte database can be used to predict an actual or possible abnormal medical pathology of the human target.

Abstract: A method of non-invasive detection of an analyte includes generating a transmit signal having at least two different frequencies each of which is in a radio or microwave frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum, and transmitting the transmit signal into a target containing at least one analyte of interest using at least one transmit antenna/element. At least one receive antenna/element that is decoupled from the at least one transmit antenna/element is used to detect a response resulting from transmitting the transmit signal by the at least one transmit antenna/element into the target containing the at least one analyte of interest. In one embodiment, the at least one transmit antenna/element can have a first geometry and the at least one receive antenna/element can have a second geometry that is geometrically different from the first geometry.

Abstract: This disclosure is related to devices, systems, and techniques for performing patient parameter measurements. In some examples, a medical device system includes an optical sensor configured to measure ambient light and a tissue oxygen saturation parameter and processing circuitry configured to determine that a current measurement of the tissue oxygen saturation parameter is prompted and control the optical sensor to perform an ambient light measurement associated with the current measurement of the tissue oxygen saturation parameter.

Abstract: An automatic sensor inserter is disclosed for placing a transcutaneous sensor into the skin of a living body. According to aspects of the invention, characteristics of the insertion such as sensor insertion speed may be varied by a user. In some embodiments, insertion speed may be varied by changing an amount of drive spring compression. The amount of spring compression may be selected from a continuous range of settings and/or it may be selected from a finite number of discrete settings. Methods associated with the use of the automatic inserter are also covered.

Abstract: Glucose monitoring devices and related systems and methods, the glucose monitoring devices including a sensor electronics unit having a housing and a printed circuit board disposed within the housing, a transcutaneous glucose sensor assembly, and a conductive sensor connector. The printed circuit board includes a first electrical contact, the transcutaneous glucose sensor assembly includes a distal portion having a working electrode and proximal portion having a working-electrode contact in electrical communication with the working electrode, and the conductive sensor connector electrically connects the working-electrode contact with the first electrical contact. Further, the conductive sensor connector extends through a hole in the proximal portion of the transcutaneous glucose sensor assembly and through a hole in the printed circuit board.

Abstract: Various examples are described for needle alignment for wearable biosensors. One example device includes a housing comprising an upper portion and a lower portion, the housing defining a cavity between the upper portion and the lower portion and configured to be worn on a wearer's skin, wherein: the upper portion defines a first opening extending through the upper portion to the cavity, and the lower portion defines a second opening extending through the lower portion to the cavity, the cavity establishing a substantially unobstructed pathway including the first opening and the second opening to enable an insertion needle to be inserted through the housing; and a needle guide extending into and along a portion of the pathway and aligned with a sensor wire to enable alignment between the insertion needle and the sensor wire.

Abstract: A diagnostic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) procedure is applied to measure values of impedance-related parameters for one or more sensing electrodes. The parameters may include real impedance, imaginary impedance, impedance magnitude, and/or phase angle. The measured values of the impedance-related parameters are then used in performing sensor diagnostics, calculating a highly-reliable fused sensor glucose value based on signals from a plurality of redundant sensing electrodes, calibrating sensors, detecting interferents within close proximity of one or more sensing electrodes, and testing surface area characteristics of electroplated electrodes. Advantageously, impedance-related parameters can be defined that are substantially glucose-independent over specific ranges of frequencies. An Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) enables implementation of the EIS-based diagnostics, fusion algorithms, and other processes based on measurement of EIS-based parameters.

Abstract: Methods, systems and devices for providing improved calibration accuracy of continuous and/or in vivo analyte monitoring systems based at least in part on insulin delivery information are provided. Many of the embodiments disclosed herein can determine appropriate conditions for performing a calibration of the analyte sensor in view of the scheduled delivery of insulin or administered insulin amount. One or more other parameters or conditions can also be incorporated to improve calibration accuracy including, for example, the physiological model associated with a patient, meal information, exercise information, activity information, disease information, historical physiological condition information, as well as other types of information. Furthermore, according to some embodiments, calibration of the analyte sensor can be delayed or not performed at all, if appropriate conditions are not met.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a housing, defining an inner volume, and an actuator mechanism movably disposed therein. The actuator mechanism is configured to be transitioned from a first configuration to a second configuration to define a pre-sample reservoir fluidically couplable to receive a pre-sample volume of bodily-fluid via an inlet port of the housing. The actuator mechanism is movable from a first position to a second position within the housing after the pre-sample reservoir receives the pre-sample volume such that the housing and the actuator mechanism collectively define a sample reservoir to receive a sample volume of bodily-fluid via the inlet port. The outlet port is in fluid communication with the sample reservoir and is configured to be fluidically coupled to an external fluid reservoir after the sample volume is disposed in the sample reservoir to transfer at least a portion of the sample volume into the external fluid reservoir.

Abstract: An optical electrode having a plurality of electrodes, including a recording electrode having a roughened surface and an optical light source configured to emit light, wherein at least a portion of the light impinges on the recording electrode. Also disclosed are methods of producing an optical electrode and an opto-electronic neural interface system.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods for detection and diagnosis of concussion and/or acute neurologic injury comprising a portable headwear-based electrode array and computerized control system to automatically and accurately detect cortical spreading depression and acute neurological injury-based peri-infarct depolarization (CSD/PID). The portable headwear-based electrode system is applied to a patient or athlete, and is capable of performing an assessment automatically and with minimal user input. The user display indicates the presence of CSD/PID, gauges its severity and location, and stores the information for future use by medical professionals. The systems and methods of the invention use an instrumented DC-coupled electrode/amplifier array which performs real-time data analysis using unique algorithms to produce a voltage intensity-map revealing the temporally propagating wave depressed voltage across the scalp that originates from a CSD/PID on the brain surface.

Abstract: A self-learning dynamic electrocardiography analysis method employing artificial intelligence. The method comprises: pre-processing data, performing cardiac activity feature detection, interference signal detection and cardiac activity classification on the basis of a deep learning method, performing signal quality evaluation and lead combination, examining cardiac activity, performing analytic computations on an electrocardiogram event and parameters, and then automatically outputting report data. The method achieves an automatic analysis method for a quick and comprehensive dynamic electrocardiography process, and recording of modification information of an automatic analysis result, while also collecting and feeding back modification data to a deep learning model for continuous training, thereby continuously improving and enhancing the accuracy of the automatic analysis method. Also disclosed is a self-learning dynamic electrocardiography analysis device employing artificial intelligence.

Abstract: A cardiac health assessment system and method for use with a handheld electronic device. The cardiac health assessment system includes an electronic device case (EDC), a plurality of electrodes, and a circuit board. The EDC secures the handheld electronic device. The electrodes include a first ECG electrode, a second ECG electrode, and a third electrode. The first ECG electrode is placed on an outer surface of the EDC. The second ECG electrode and the third electrode are placed on each side of the EDC to facilitate a thumb and fingers of a user to be placed on the handheld electronic device. The electrodes capture data indicative of the cardiac health of the user. The circuit board includes a microphonic sensor, an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor, and a microcontroller. The microphonic sensor and IMU sensor capture cardiac health data. The microcontroller transmits cardiac health data to the handheld electronic device.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling neural activity in the brain, including performing a source localization procedure and a neurostimulation procedure, and using the former as a monitor to provide for feedback control of the latter.

Abstract: A brain navigation device, comprising a lead with an elongated lead body, at least one macro-electrode contact positioned on an outer surface on the lead, wherein the at least one macro-electrode contact is located at the distal part of the lead, and wherein the at least one macro-electrode contact is configured to be used during lead navigation.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transcranial brain atlas generation method, and discloses a group application oriented transcranial brain atlas prediction method and a corresponding transcranial brain atlas prediction apparatus. The transcranial brain atlas generation method includes the following steps: creating a cranial surface coordinate system at an individual level; establishing a transcranial mapping system used to connect a cranial location and a brain location; and constructing a transcranial brain atlas by using a two-step stochastic process in a Markov chain. According to the transcranial brain atlas provided in the present invention, invisible intracerebral atlas label information is projected onto a visible scalp, so that a researcher or a doctor may “directly” use these pieces of brain structure information and function atlas information, thereby greatly improving the function of the brain atlas during use of a transcranial brain mapping technology.

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to a method for quantitative visualization of uterine strain. The method includes receiving a number of 2D or 3D image frames acquired via an imaging technique and selecting a number of confidential points, determining the orientation of the uterus using the confidential points, selecting a region of interest, generating a grid of tracking points inside the region of interest and tracking and estimating the displacement of tracking points between frames. From a varying distance between each couple or set of tracking points, a strain is calculated. The orientation of the grid of tracking points and of the calculated strain is dependent on the determined orientation of the uterus.

Abstract: Evaluating a pressure ulcer includes: detecting in a color input image a boundary of the pressure ulcer to get a RGB region of interest (ROI) image; converting the RGB ROI image to a grayscale ROI image; processing the grayscale ROI image using a Linear Combination of Discrete Gaussians (LCDG) process to estimate three main class probabilities of the grayscale ROI image; processing the RGB ROI image using predetermined RGB values to estimate the three main class probabilities of the RGB ROI image; and combining the probabilities of the grayscale ROI image and the probabilities of the RGB ROI image to determine an estimated labeled image; and normalizing and refining the estimated labeled image using a Generalized Gauss-Markov Random Field (GGMRF) process to produce a final segmentation image.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods and apparatus for monitoring bone characteristics for various conditions such as osteoporosis and/or periodontitis. In various embodiments, a dental hygiene appliance (100) may include: a handle (102) adapted to be held by a user; a tool (106) secured to the handle to perform a dental hygiene-related task; emitter(s) (114A, 116, 360A) mounted on the dental hygiene appliance to emit wave(s) (252, 362) towards a mandible (250, 350) of the user; sensor(s) (114B, 116, 360B) mounted on the dental hygiene appliance to detect wave(s) (254, 364) propagating away from the mandible, wherein the detected wave(s) originate from or are caused by the emitted wave(s); and a controller (108) communicatively coupled with the emitter(s) and the sensor(s). The controller may: receive, from the sensor(s), signal(s) indicative of the detected waves; and determine, based on the signal(s), bone characteristic(s) of the user.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of conducting a sleep analysis by collecting physiologic and kinetic data from a subject, preferably via a wireless in-home data acquisition system, while the subject attempts to sleep at home. The sleep analysis, including clinical and research sleep studies and cardiorespiratory studies, can be used in the diagnosis of sleeping disorders and other diseases or conditions with sleep signatures, such as Parkinson's, epilepsy, chronic heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, or other neurological, cardiac, pulmonary, or muscular disorders. The method of the present invention can also be used to determine if environmental factors at the subject's home are preventing restorative sleep.