Abstract: An endoscope includes a first subassembly, a second subassembly, a third subassembly, and a fourth subassembly, which are sequentially assembled and tested in making the endoscope. The first subassembly includes a pressure-sealed electrical cable connected to an image capture unit. The second subassembly includes the first subassembly, a shell, a light pipe, and a lid. The third subassembly includes the second subassembly, a central tube, and a flange. The fourth subassembly includes the third subassembly, a base, a shaft, and optionally an articulating assembly.

Abstract: Provided is an ultrasound bronchoscope capable of preventing a non-coaxial cable from being disconnected and improving a degree of freedom of wirings. An ultrasound bronchoscope includes a distal end part having an ultrasound transducer array, a bending part that is coupled to a proximal end of the distal end part and is bendable in two directions, a flexible part that is coupled to a proximal end of the bending part, a cable that is inserted into the flexible part and the bending part, and a flexible substrate that electrically connects a plurality of ultrasound transducers and the cable, and is disposed over the distal end part, the bending part, and a part of the flexible part.

Abstract: The invention relates to an actuator for an endoscopic probe, an endoscopic probe and a method for controlling an actuator of an endoscopic probe. The actuator is provided with an elongate shape memory wire (2) consisting of a shape memory alloy, with an electrical conductor (5) which is electrically conductively connected to the shape memory wire (2) and supplies the shape memory wire (2) with current, with a wire insulation (3) which surrounds at least some sections of the shape memory wire (2) and consists of an electrically insulating material and with a flexible sheath (4) which is pressure-resistant in the longitudinal direction of the shape memory wire (2). The shape memory wire (2) converts the electrical energy of the current flowing through said shape memory wire into thermal energy. Under the influence of this heat, the shape memory wire (2) changes its length from a first length to a second length.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for testing the integrity of an anastomosis of a bodily lumen includes a multi-lumen tubular body having a first balloon that can be positioned proximally of an anastomosis, a second balloon that can be positioned distally of the anastomosis, and an aperture on the tubular body intermediate the first and second balloons. Once the first and second balloons are inflated, they define, in concert with the surrounding bodily lumen, a region that can be used to observe integrity of the anastomosis prior to conclusion of surgery. A fluid, such as air, is introduced through the aperture to the testing region, and a camera and lights provided on the instrument facilitate observation of any behavior of the fluid indicative of leaks in the anastomosis.

Abstract: A method of operating an imaging system includes reducing common-mode current induced on a cable connected between an imaging system and an endoscope by utilizing a common-mode choke between the cable and a circuit within the endoscope, the common-mode choke being mounted within a body of the endoscope.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ergonomic bidirectional self-locking mechanism for endoscope angulation control knob operation, which allows for easier access to the endoscope control knobs, reduced muscle exertion for knob operation, and real-time locking of the position of the knobs when turned, as disclosed herein. The invention has benefits for the operator thereof from ergonomic and patient safety perspectives.

Abstract: A video endoscope including an elongated shaft, wherein the shaft includes at least one shaft tube, a magnetic ring surrounding the shaft tube is freely rotatably arranged in a region of a proximal end of the shaft tube, and the magnetic ring is axially fixed between a proximal stop shoulder of the shaft tube and a distal retaining body, and wherein the retaining body having a sleeve-like configuration and is placed onto the shaft tube from the distal direction. The shaft tube has an indentation in a region of the retaining body, and the retaining body is fastened on the shaft tube by a fastener which penetrates the retaining body and extends into the indentation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an actuation device that comprises: (a) a device body that comprises a first fixation mechanism configured to affix a proximal end of a first elongate member of an accessory device to the device body, (b) an actuator that comprises an operable mechanism and a second fixation mechanism configured to affix a proximal end of a second elongate member of the accessory device to the actuator, wherein the operable mechanism is configured to move the second elongate member relative to the first elongate member, and (c) a fastener configured to attach the device body to an endoscope. The present disclosure further provides endoscopic systems comprising an actuation device of this type in an assembly with an endoscope and an accessory device, and also provides kits that comprise an actuation device of this type and one or more accessory devices.

Abstract: A virtual reality display system including at least one optical alignment subsystem optically aligned with at least one eye of a subject and at least one virtual reality display device optically aligned with the at least one optical alignment subsystem for displaying to the subject at least one virtual reality object undergoing virtual motion, wherein the virtual motion of the at least one virtual reality object as viewable by the subject is operative for inducing and relaxing accommodation by the at least one eye of the subject.

Abstract: There is provided a VR-based portable nystagmus test apparatus that provides both a three-dimensional stereoscopic image and a voice to a subject such that efficiency and accuracy of a follow-up examination can be enhanced. The VR-based portable nystagmus test apparatus can enhance the accuracy and efficiency of an examination by inducing the subject to make a correct motion, during the examination on the subject who wears the VR-based portable nystagmus test apparatus.

Abstract: Methods and systems for retrofitting an ophthalmic device to obtain stereoscopic images of an eye of a patient and to transmit the images in real-time to a display device via a network for viewing by practitioners. The ophthalmic device may comprise at least an optic assembly, a processing assembly, a slit assembly, such as a slit lamp, and a positioning assembly. Control devices structured to control the ophthalmic device over the network, such as the world wide web, can be disposed at a plurality of locations, and may be remote from the ophthalmic device while providing real time control of the parameters of the ophthalmic device by the practitioner(s) associated therewith.

Abstract: System and Method pertaining to the modification and integration of an existing consumer digital camera, for example, with an optical imaging module to enable point and shoot fundus photography of the eye. The auto-focus macro capability of existing consumer cameras is adapted to photograph the retina over an extended diopter range, eliminating the need for manual diopter focus adjustment. The thru-the-lens (TTL) auto-exposure flash capability of existing consumer cameras is adapted to photograph the retina with automatic flash exposure eliminating the need for manual flash adjustment. The consumer camera imaging sensor and flash are modified to allow the camera sensor to perform both non-mydriatic focusing of the retina using infrared illumination and standard color flash photography of the retina without the need for additional imaging sensors or mechanical filters.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are disclosed for wireless communication of analyte data. One such method includes, during a first interval, establishing a first connection between an analyte sensor system and a display device. During the first connection, the method includes exchanging information related to authentication between the analyte sensor system and the display device. The method includes making a determination regarding whether authentication was performed during the first interval. During a second interval, the method may include establishing a second connection between the analyte sensor system and the display device for transmission of an encrypted analyte value, and bypassing the exchanging of information related to authentication performed during the first connection.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to an implantable device that include an inductor coil, a storage capacitor, active circuitry, and a sensor, but doesn't include an electrochemical cell, and methods for use therewith. During first periods of time, the storage capacitor accumulates and stores energy received via the inductor coil from a non-implanted device. During second periods of time, interleaved with the first periods of time, and during which energy is not received from the non-implanted device, the active circuitry of the implantable device is powered by the energy stored on the storage capacitor and is used to perform at least one of a plurality of predetermined operations of the implantable device, including, e.g., obtaining a sensor measurement from the sensor of the implantable device, transmitting a communication signal including a sensor measurement to the non-implanted device, and/or receiving a communication signal from the non-implanted device.

Abstract: A multimodal biometric device is disclosed. An apparatus may include a non-contact imaging system. The non-contact imaging system may include imaging optics, optical illumination optically coupled to the imaging optics, and a configurable body part support to support different body parts at corresponding focal lengths to capture different portions of the different body parts. An apparatus may also include a housing coupled to the imaging optics, the optical illumination, and the configurable body part support.

Abstract: An exemplary system, method, and computer-accessible medium for generating a particular image which can be a quantitative image(s) of at least one section(s) of a patient(s) or (ii) a non-synthetic contrast image(s) of the section(s) of the patient(s), can include, for example, generating a first magnetic resonance (MR) signal and directing the first MR signal to patient(s), receiving a second MR signal from the patient(s) that can be based on the first MR signal, and generating the particular image(s) based on the second MR signal. The first MR signal can be a configured MR signal. The configured MR signal can be configured for a particular contrast. The first MR signal can have a constant signal intensity. The first MR signal can be generated based on a degree of a plurality of flip angles that maintains the constant signal intensity.

Abstract: A light irradiation device present disclosure includes at least one first light source that emits first light in a wavelength band for treating skin, an erythema detector that obtains color information of the skin to detect whether erythema of the skin is generated by irradiation of the first light, and a control unit that determines whether erythema is generated on the basis of the color information and controls driving of the first light source according to whether erythema is generated. The erythema detector includes at least one second light source that emits second light in a visible light wavelength band to the skin, and at least one sensor that receives the second light traveling through the skin.

Abstract: Multichannel optical coherence systems and methods involving optical coherence tomography (OCT) subsystems are operably and respectively connected to optical fibers of a multichannel optical probe, such that each optical fiber forms at least a distal portion of a sample beam path of a respective OCT subsystem. The optical fibers are in optical communication with distal optical elements such that external beam paths associated therewith are directed towards a common spatial region external to the housing. Image processing computer hardware is employed to process OCT signals obtained from the plurality of OCT subsystems to generate an OCT image dataset comprising a plurality of OCT A-scans and process the OCT image dataset to generate volumetric image data based on known positions and orientations of the external beam paths associated with the OCT subsystems.

Abstract: A laser assembly is provided that includes a laser pump chamber that emits a first light through a laser cavity at a first wavelength, and a polarization assembly that receives the first light and converts the first light into a pulsed light that includes the first light at the first wavelength and a first polarization. The laser assembly also includes a second light at the first wavelength and a second polarization.

Abstract: Provided are a system and a method for determining the temperature of a body by imaging a hydrogen proton-rich material positioned within the body using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. A method to increase changes in the MRI signal strength as a function of temperature, thus improving temperature sensitivity, is also provided. The system and method employ polymers having mechanical stability and magnetic image brightness at low temperatures of between 0° C. and ?65° C. or high temperatures of between +37° C. and +80° C.

Abstract: A blood pressure-related information display device, for visualizing and displaying information relating to blood pressure surges, is provided with: a blood pressure surge detection unit which, from time series data of blood pressure which changes linked to the subject's pulse, detects a blood pressure surge on the basis of a preset determination standard; a bodily state input unit which, together with the time series data of blood pressure, inputs bodily state information which indicates the bodily state of the subject; an extraction unit which extracts a feature value of the blood pressure surge; a statistical processing unit which performs statistical processing of the extracted feature value of the blood pressure surge; a calculation unit which calculates a feature value of the subject's bodily state; a display processing unit which performs processing for displaying, on a display screen, the correlation between the feature value of the blood pressure surge which was subjected to statistical processing, a

Abstract: The invention provides a control unit (12) and method for deriving a measure of arterial compliance based on an acquired arterial volume variation signal and an acquired pulse arrival time signal. An oscillometric blood pressure measurement device is used to acquire the arterial volume variation signal. Arterial volume and variation in pulse arrival time are both measured as an applied pressure to an artery are varied by the oscillometric blood pressure measurement device. The arterial volume signal is transformed into a corresponding signal representative of variation in peak-to-peak amplitude of the arterial volume. A first model fitting procedure is used to transform this peak-to-peak amplitude signal into a signal indicative of arterial volume as a function of transmural pressure. A second model fitting procedure is used to generate from the derived arterial volume vs. transmural pressure signal, and the derived pulse arrival time variation signal a final output measure of arterial compliance.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the use of prior images acquired of the patient and acoustic signature from a vascular region of interest to create a patient-specific model of sound propagation from the vascular region. This model is then used to monitor the progression of disease in the vascular region of interest, using subsequently-acquired acoustic signals. In an alternate embodiment, population-based images and/or population-based acoustic signatures are used to generate predictive data when a priori patient-specific imaging information is not available and this data is used to characterize or categorize at-risk patients suspected of coronary artery disease, but without prior cardiac events.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a physiological sensing apparatus is detachably provided on a textile. The physiological sensing apparatus includes a sensing module and a processing module, and the sensing module is used for receiving a touch event to generate a physiological sensing signal. The sensing module includes a sensor element and a first film; the sensor element is used for detecting the physiological sensing signal; a first surface of the first film includes a conductive ink pattern; a first surface of the sensor element is superimposed on the first surface of the first film, so that the conductive ink pattern is in contact with the sensor element. The processing module is coupled with the sensing module and is used for receiving the physiological sensing signal to determine a physiological event corresponding to a change in physiological sensing signals.

Abstract: The embodiment of the invention discloses an intraoperative blood flow imaging method based on fluorescence imaging and belongs to the technical field of medical fluorescence imaging. The present invention effectively removes shadow or tissue pulsation interference by utilizing the fluorescence imaging images to identify the blood flow area; and meanwhile, by conducting pseudo-color imaging on the blood flow area, as a pseudo-color value has correlation with a blood flow perfusion time, the present invention may accurately indicate the blood flow areas in the images and is easy to distinguish the blood flow areas.

Abstract: A sensor employs an adaptive light-to-digital conversion (LDC) system for high background signal applications. The system adapts the LDC resolution and the power consumption depending on the signal to background ratio. This scheme is of particular interest to photoplethysmography (PPG). The system can have a set of light-to-digital converters in which each of the light-to-digital converters includes an array of pixels and an analog to digital converter for digitizing the output from the array of pixels. Switches are then used to connect each of the light-to-digital converters to a power supply to selectively activate each of the light-to-digital converters.

Abstract: System for monitoring intracranial compliance in a patient includes an intracranial pressure sensor, configured to obtain a measurement indicative of an intracranial pressure of a patient, a CO2 sensor, configured to obtain a measurement indicative of a CO2 level of the patient, and a processor, configured to determine an intracranial compliance from the measurements indicative of the intracranial pressure and the CO2 level. Methods for monitoring intracranial compliance in a patient are also provided.

Abstract: An inductive sensing system (8) is adapted to apply electromagnetic excitation signals into a body, the system comprising a resonator circuit (10) incorporating a loop antenna (12). The system senses signals returned back from the body with the same antenna, based on variation in electrical characteristics of the resonator circuit. The system is configured for separating signals received from different physiological sources within the body. This is performed based on detecting in the resonator circuit electrical characteristics indicative of both a real and an imaginary part of an additional inductance component added to the antenna by received electromagnetic signals. The separating the signals from different physiological sources is based on relative magnitudes of said detected real and imaginary inductance components added to the resonator circuit by the returned signals.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, an electronic device may comprise: a biological body contact circuit including four electrodes; a current-voltage measurement module including a power supply port, a current measurement port, a first voltage measurement port, a second voltage measurement port, an alternating current signal generator electrically connected to the power supply port, an ammeter electrically connected to the current measurement port, and a voltmeter interposed between and electrically connected to the first voltage measurement port and the second voltage measurement port; a processor; a memory electrically connected to the processor to store the characteristic impedance values of circuit elements interposed between and electrically connected to the current-voltage measurement module and the biological body contact circuit, and to store values for parasitic impedance stemming from parasitic elements existing between the biological body contact circuit and a ground; and a current-voltage path confi

Abstract: An antenna device includes: a first and a second conductive wire; a third and a fourth conductive wire which are disposed along a part of the boundary of a second area on a second plane parallel to and spaced apart from the first plane while being spaced apart from each other; a fifth and a sixth conductive wire which are disposed along a part of the boundary of a third area on a third plane parallel to and spaced apart from the second plane while being spaced apart from each other; connection parts connecting the second conductive wires.

Abstract: An interchangeable sensor that can perform detection via spectroscopic techniques using non-optical frequencies such as in the radio or microwave frequency bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. The interchangeable sensor is removably disposable on a user wearable sensing assembly that can be worn by a user for non-invasively detecting an analyte in the user. The sensor can also be removably installed on a non-user wearable sensing assembly for performing a detection function using the sensor installed on the non-user wearable sensing assembly.

Abstract: A mechanism for tracking the position of an interventional device from a sensing signal, generated by a capacitive pressure sensing arrangement of the interventional device, responsive to a change in pressure applied to a capacitor of the capacitive pressure sensing arrangement. The sensing signal is processed to identify a first response, which is responsive to ultrasound wave(s) incident on the capacitive pressure sensing arrangement. The first response is then further processed using a tracking algorithm to track the position of the interventional device with respect to the ultrasound transducer emitting the ultrasound wave(s).

Abstract: Systems and methods to provide remote patient monitoring for viral-respiratory symptoms, including coronavirus or COVID-19 symptoms are disclosed, including a signal receiver circuit configured to receive first and second physiologic information of a patient, the first physiologic information comprising respiration rate information of a patient and the second physiologic information different than the first physiologic information, and an assessment circuit configured to determine an indication of patient viral-respiratory disease using the received first and second physiologic information.

Abstract: A device that non-invasively detects objects beneath or around the foot or a foot position and transmits signals which are processed and then output via an output device on a skin surface not affected by a neurological deficit, such as the hands or thighs. This device is suitable for subjects with diabetic neuropathy who have lost sensation in their feet and are at risk of punctures, cuts or other physical damage and at risk of sprains, strains or falls due to lack of an ability to detect objects underfoot and foot position.

Abstract: Orthopedic systems and methods are provided for use in preparing joints for implants. Specifically, hip preparation systems and methods are disclosed which can include a surgical orientation device. The hip preparation systems and methods can be used, for example, to orient the hip during the procedure, determine the orientation of an anatomical plane or planes, and orient a prosthetic component or components.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a three-dimensional map of an eardrum includes the steps of i) obtaining a two-dimensional representation of a reflection comprising a deformed illumination pattern of a structured illumination pattern projected onto the eardrum; and ii) constructing by a trained deep learning model the three-dimensional map based on the reflection. The deep learning model is further trained by a training dataset comprising a plurality of height maps and corresponding two-dimensional representations of a reflection comprising a deformed illumination pattern.

Abstract: A health monitor system is provided. The health monitor system is a non-contact, adherence-independent home health monitoring system that longitudinally quantifies dynamic forces across diverse amplitudes and time scales to measure weight, respirations, and ballistocardiograms each night, as people sleep in the comfort of their home beds. Weights and respiratory signals are demixed even when users share the bed with a partner or pet. The incorporated technology is scalably manufacturable and thus inexpensive compared to implantable medical devices intended for the same purpose.

Abstract: A bed exit detection device (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted to a privacy rail (11) provided in the vicinity of a bed (10) to be monitored. The device (100) comprises a thermographic sensor (130) and a range sensor (40). The thermographic sensor comprises an array of sensing elements operable to generate an output value matrix from the output signals of each individual sensing element. The device (100) is also provided with a processing unit (150) operable to process the output value matrix of the thermographic sensor (130) and the distance output by the range sensor (140) so as to determine the position of a bed occupant and thereby (10) determine the likelihood of a bed exit event.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to systems and techniques for detecting change in patient health based upon peak and non-peak patient activity data. In some examples, the peak and non-peak patient activity data correspond to one or more peak (time) periods and the one or more non-peak periods, respectively, where at least one peak period and at least one non-peak period corresponds a highest activity level and a lowest activity level, respectively, for a single day. If a change in patient health is detected, the techniques described herein may direct a medical device to generate for display output indicating the detection of the change in patient health.

Abstract: A diagnostic system may determine a minimum evoked response amplitude and a maximum evoked response amplitude for a recipient of a cochlear implant and determine a mapping between a plurality of audible pitches and a plurality of evoked response amplitudes included in a range defined by the minimum and maximum evoked response amplitudes. The diagnostic system may monitor, during an insertion procedure in which an electrode lead communicatively coupled to the cochlear implant is inserted into a cochlea of the recipient, an evoked response signal recorded during the insertion procedure by an electrode disposed on the electrode lead. As the evoked response signal is being monitored, the diagnostic system may detect an amplitude change in the evoked response signal and present, based on the mapping, acoustic feedback that audibly indicates the amplitude change.

Abstract: A probe connected to a pulse photometer include: a first light-emitting portion having a first light-emitting surface from which first light having a first wavelength used for calculating a concentration of a first light-absorbing substance in blood of a patient is emitted; a second light-emitting portion having a second light-emitting surface from which second light having a second wavelength that is used for calculating the concentration of the first light-absorbing substance is emitted; and a third light-emitting portion having a third light-emitting surface from which third light having a third wavelength that is not used for calculating the concentration of the first light-absorbing substance is emitted. A distance between a first reference point of the first light-emitting portion and a second reference point of the second light-emitting portion is shorter than a distance between a third reference point of the third light-emitting portion and the first reference point.

Abstract: An example system includes an elongated body, a fluorescent material, and a diffuse reflector. The elongated body defines a lumen and includes a proximal portion and a distal portion. The fluorescent material is configured to be in fluid communication with a fluid in the lumen. The diffuse reflector is configured to diffuse excitation light received from an excitation light source and direct the diffused excitation light toward the fluorescent material and diffuse the fluoresced light received from the fluorescence material and direct the fluoresced light toward a fluorescent light detector.

Abstract: An example device includes processing circuitry configured to receive, from an oxygen sensor, an ambient air signal indicative of an oxygen partial pressure of ambient air. The processing circuitry is further configured to receive, from an atmospheric pressure sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor signal indicative of atmospheric pressure. The processing circuitry is configured to determine, based on the atmospheric pressure sensor signal, an oxygen partial pressure of the ambient air, determine, based at least in part on the oxygen partial pressure of the ambient air and the ambient air signal, the one or more calibration parameters, and calibrate, based on the one or more calibration parameters, the oxygen sensor. The calibrated oxygen sensor may be used to, for example, determine the oxygen content of urine of a patient to monitor renal function of the patient.

Abstract: Devices associated with on-body analyte sensor units are disclosed. These devices include any of packaging and/or loading systems, applicators and elements of the on-body sensor units themselves. Also, various approaches to connecting electrochemical analyte sensors to and/or within associated on-body analyte sensor units are disclosed. The connector approaches variously involve the use of unique sensor and ancillary element arrangements to facilitate assembly of separate electronics assemblies and sensor elements that are kept apart until the end user brings them together.

Abstract: Mitigation of the risk of prolonged hypoglycemia in T1D management requires patient to assume a small dose of fast-acting carbohydrates, called hypotreatment (HT), as soon as hypoglycemia is detected. This invention consists in a method that, on the basis of the datastream generated by a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor, triggers the assumption of preventive HTs i.e., snacks that, being quickly absorbed into the circulation, avoid, or at least mitigate, a forthcoming hypoglycemic event. The method resorts to the “dynamic risk” (DR) non-linear function, which combines current glycemia with its rate-of-change provided by CGM, adapted to distinguish the severity of the about-to-happen hypoglycemia. The method has been tested in a simulated realistic scenario. Results show that the administration of an HT in advance, as triggered by the new method, brings to a strong reduction of the time that a patient would have spent in hypoglycemia assuming the HT at hypoglycemic threshold crossing.

Abstract: This invention relates to the means for detection of molecular and chemical matter utilizing multiple techniques covering electronics, optics, and imaging techniques. More particularly, this invention is related to detecting levels of certain molecules inside the body through non-invasive contact or non-contact with the body. More specifically, this invention is related to the means to detect levels of molecules associated with metabolic diseases, more particularly the early diagnosis of the disease, especially diabetes. This invention also relates to a medical device that utilizes electromagnetic waves of varying wavelengths and detects waves returned to the device.

Abstract: A blood-sugar-level measuring apparatus is a blood-sugar-level measuring apparatus using infrared spectroscopy. The blood-sugar-level measuring apparatus includes a light source that emits a laser light in an infrared region, a lens that converges the laser light, an optical fiber in which the laser light converged by the lens enters, and a prism in which the laser light emitted from the optical fiber enters.

Abstract: To provide a measurement apparatus that can acquire measurement date/time information without having a clock in a measurement unit. A health information management system includes a blood pressure monitor that measures blood pressure information and includes an RTC that can acquire the count value at the time of each measurement, and a smart phone including a clock unit that can acquire date/time information, and the health information management system can perform at least information transmission from the blood pressure monitor to the smart phone. The measurement date/time of blood pressure information is specified based on a difference between the count value at the time of measurement and the count value at the time of information transmission from the blood pressure monitor to the smart phone, and date/time information acquired by the smart phone from the clock unit.

Abstract: Analyte sensing and response systems include a sensor detecting one or more analytes in a medium. The sensor uses decoupled transmit and receive elements or antennas to transmit a signal into the medium, and receive a response to the transmitted signal. An action that is based on the detection of the analyte is generated which can directly or indirectly affect the detected analyte in the medium. The action is automatically performed. The action can be increasing or decreasing flow from a source of the analyte, or of a chemical compound interacting with the analyte. An example of the action is controlling an insulin pump, where the analyte is glucose.

Abstract: Analyte sensing and response methods include using a non-invasive analyte sensor to detect at least one analyte in a medium. The sensor uses decoupled transmit and receive elements or antennas to transmit a signal, and to receive a response to the signal transmitted into the medium. An action is determined based on the detection of the analyte, which can affect a property of the analyte or the medium, and the action is automatically carried out. The action can be increasing or decreasing flow from a source of the analyte, increasing or decreasing flow of a chemical compound interacting with the analyte, or modifying a temperature of the medium. An example of the action is controlling an insulin pump, where the analyte is glucose.