Abstract: Methods of forming an ingredient for human consumption are provided herein. The methods may include isolating one or more soluble polysaccharides from a biomass, generating one or more oligosaccharides from the biomass, and combining the one or more isolated soluble polysaccharides with the generated oligosaccharides to form the ingredient. Methods of pretreating a biomass are also provided. The methods may include administering a physical pretreatment to a biomass, administering a gentle pretreatment to the physically pretreated biomass, and administering a strong pretreatment to the gently pretreated biomass. Ingredients for human consumption are also provided.

Abstract: Methods of production of edible filamentous fungal biomat formulations are provided as standalone protein sources and/or protein ingredients in foodstuffs as well as a one-time use or repeated use self-contained biofilm-biomat reactor comprising a container with at least one compartment and placed within the compartment(s), a feedstock, a fungal inoculum, a gas-permeable membrane, and optionally a liquid nutrient medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a food composition for preventing and ameliorating diabetes, comprising fermented noni, and a method for preparing the same. More specifically, fermented noni prepared by inoculating complex lactic acid bacteria containing 7 types of lactic acid bacteria comprises scopoletin, deacetylasperulosidic acid, and asperulosidic acid, which are produced by bioconversion, and a food composition for preventing and ameliorating diabetes, comprising fermented noni containing all of the three components may exhibit an effect of preventing and ameliorating diabetes by lowering blood glucose.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a food composition for use in preventing nutrients' inadequacies in lactating women with high protein type dietary pattern.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides soluble dietary fibers, food and beverage products including them, and methods for making and using them. In one aspect, the disclosure provides soluble dietary fiber having a fiber content of at least 97% as measured by AOAC 2001.03 and a DP1+DP2 content of no more than 3 wt % (e.g., no more than 2 wt %) on a dry solids basis. The soluble dietary fiber can be useful in variety of food and beverage applications including fermented foods and beverages like beer and sake, as well as foods and beverages useful in keto diets.

Abstract: A method for providing a two stage diet for an Ulcerative Colitis patient, and therapeutic meals for same, the method comprising stage 1 which is provided in weeks 0-6, and stage 2 which is provided in weeks 7-12; the diet described herein providing dietary components with reduced content of animal fat, dairy products, gluten, taurine, yeast, sulfites, and emsulsifiers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nutritional composition for infants, for use in reducing the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in infants at risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Abstract: A cell (100) for making an anisotropic-structured product from a protein starting material, the cell (100) comprising an inner member (110) and an outer member (120) arranged concentrically along a longitudinal axis (180) to define together a chamber (150) for holding the starting material, wherein the inner member (110) and the outer member (120) are rotatable relative each other about the longitudinal axis (180) for providing the shear force to the starting material and wherein both the inner member (110) and the outer member (120) further define for the cell an inner longitudinal surface (114) and an outer longitudinal surface (124) facing away the chamber (150) such that a normal of each longitudinal surface is transverse to the longitudinal axis (180) characterized in that both members are designed to be exposed to the ambient for allowing a heat exchange between both the inner longitudinal surface (114) and the outer longitudinal surface (124) with the ambient to heat the chamber (150).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a bobbin and a bobbin. The bobbin includes a plurality of windings of a continuous laminated sheet having at least one layer of alkaloids containing material and at least one layer of a first protective material. The at least one layer of alkaloids containing material and the at least one layer of a first protective material define an adhesion surface between them. The first protective material is selected from polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyester, or paper.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tobacco filling: that is for a non-combustion-type heating smoking article that heats a filling that contains cut tobacco; that suppresses reductions in the evaporated amount of a fragrant smoke flavor component for the non-combustion-type heating smoking article; and that can suppress the “feeling that fragrant smoke flavor is being inhibited.” According to the present invention, a dihydrogen salt of a trivalent or tetravalent acid that has a first acid dissociation constant of 1.0 or lower is added to a tobacco filling, and, as a result, reductions in the evaporated amount of a fragrant smoke flavor component can be suppressed, as can “the feeling that fragrant smoke flavor is being inhibited.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a sheet of a material containing alkaloids, said method comprising: grinding a material containing alkaloids to a powder; combining the powder with a binder, an aerosol former and water, so as to form a slurry, wherein the slurry comprises: the powder of the material containing alkaloids in an amount comprised between about 40 percent and about 70 percent of the total weight of the slurry; the water in an amount comprised between about 30 percent and about 55 percent of the total weight of the slurry; the binder in an amount comprised between about 0 percent and about 1 percent of the total weight of the slurry; the aerosol former in an amount comprised between 1 percent and about 5 percent of the total weight of the slurry; applying the slurry to a substrate sheet including fibres so as to form a sheet of a material containing alkaloids.

Abstract: A composition adapted for oral use is providing, composition adapted for oral use, including one or more fillers present in a total filler content of about 20% by weight or higher, the one or more fillers comprising a first filler in the form of a dissolving grade pulp material or a non-woody microcrystalline cellulose, the first filler having an untapped bulk density of about 150 g/L or less; and at least one additional component such as active ingredients or flavorants. Also provided is a method of forming a composition adapted for oral use, which includes providing a dry dissolving grade pulp material, grinding the dissolving grade pulp material to form a pulp material having an untapped bulk density of about 150 g/L or less, and mixing the pulp material with at least one additional component such as active ingredients or flavorants.

Abstract: A combustible heat source (4) for an aerosol-generating article (2) comprises carbon and calcium peroxide. The calcium peroxide has a purity of greater than or equal to about 90 percent. A method of producing a combustible heat source for an aerosol-generating article, the method comprising the steps of: mixing a carbon material and calcium peroxide having a purity of greater than or equal to about 90 percent; forming the mixture of the carbon material and the calcium peroxide into an elongate rod; and drying the elongate rod.

Abstract: A method of making an amorphous solid is provided. The method comprises: (a) forming a slurry comprising: 0.5-60 wt % of a gelling agent; 5-80 wt % of an aerosol forming material; and 0-60 wt % of an active constituent and/or flavorant; wherein these weights are calculated on a dry weight basis; (b) shaping the slurry; (c) setting the slurry to form a gel; and (d) drying the gel to form an amorphous solid; wherein the drying comprises heating the gel to a temperature in the range of about 80° C. to about 140° C. for a period of less than 60 minutes. Amorphous solids provided by the method, articles comprising the amorphous solids, and non-combustible aerosol provision systems comprising the articles are also provided.

Abstract: A method of making an amorphous solid is provided. The method comprises: (a) forming a slurry comprising: 0.5-60 wt % of a gelling agent; and 5-80 wt % of an aerosol forming material; 0-60 wt % of an active constituent and/or flavorant; wherein these weights are calculated on a dry weight basis; (b) shaping the slurry using a stencil; (c) setting the slurry to form a gel; and (d) drying the gel to form an amorphous solid. Amorphous solids provided by the method, articles comprising the amorphous solids, and non-combustible aerosol provision systems comprising the articles are also provided.

Abstract: An amorphous solid and related method of making including (a) forming a slurry having 0.5-60 wt % of a gelling agent; 5-80 wt % of an aerosol forming material; and 0-60 wt % of an active constituent and/or flavorant; wherein these weights are calculated on a dry weight basis; (b) shaping the slurry on a support material, wherein the slurry has a bottom surface proximal to the support material, and a top surface opposite the bottom surface; (c) setting the slurry to form a gel with bottom and top surfaces corresponding to the bottom and top surfaces of the slurry; and (d) drying the gel to form an amorphous solid; wherein the drying includes a first period of supplying heat to the bottom surface of the gel and a second period of supplying heat to the top surface of the gel.

Abstract: An amorphous solid and related methods of making an amorphous solid including: (a) forming a slurry having: 0.5-60 wt % of a gelling agent; 5-80 wt % of an aerosol forming material; and 0-60 wt % of an active constituent and/or flavorant; wherein these weights are calculated on a dry weight basis; (b) shaping the slurry; (c) applying a setting agent to a surface of the slurry so that the slurry sets to form a gel; and (d) drying the gel to form an amorphous solid; wherein the amorphous solid has a substantially constant concentration of setting agent throughout.

Abstract: The method includes providing a filler material that is water insoluble, the providing provides the filler material with more than 98% alpha-cellulose, 0.01% to less than 2% ash and a remainder hemicellulose, infusing at least one first consumable within the filler material and inserting a matrix within at least one first containing structure to form a capsule, the matrix including the filler material.

Abstract: A method for preparing a tar extract from a discarded cigarette butt and use of the tar extract in a cigarette includes the following steps: (1) adding the discarded cigarette butt to an extraction solvent, and carrying out microwave-assisted extraction to obtain an extraction solution; and (2) centrifuging the extraction solution, carrying out silica gel column chromatography on the supernatant, carrying out elution by using a petroleum ether-ethyl acetate mixed solution as a mobile phase, and collecting the resulting elution fraction to obtain the tar extract. In the method, the tar is extracted from the discarded cigarette butt as a raw material. Through the microwave-assisted extraction and separation by the silica gel column chromatography, harmful substances in the tar of the cigarette butt are removed, and the components with aroma characteristics are retained, and the tar extract is applied to a low-end cigarette.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sheet of roll-your-own cigarette paper comprising an adhesive strip, the grammage of which is less than 8 g/m2 and to the process for manufacturing such a paper.

Abstract: A device for automated loading and forming smoking articles has a conveyer unit holding and moving a plurality of conical paper wrappers. A dispensing unit is coupled to and positioned above the conveyer unit. The dispensing unit stores pre-grounded tobacco leaf/herbs, loads a predetermined amount of the pre-grounded tobacco leaf/herbs into a designated conical paper wrapper of the plurality of conical paper wrappers, and compacts the pre-grounded tobacco leaf/herbs loaded into the designated conical paper wrapper. The conveyer unit moves the designated conical paper wrapper to a desired location under the dispensing unit to load and compact the predetermined amount of the pre-grounded tobacco leaf/herbs into the designated conical paper wrapper. The conveyer unit then moves a next conical paper wrapper to the desired location after the dispensing unit loads and compacts the predetermined amount of the pre-grounded tobacco leaf/herbs into the designated conical paper wrapper.

Abstract: The present application relates to the field of cigarette making, and discloses a manual hydraulic cigarette manufacturing machine, which comprises a housing and a frame arranged in the housing. The frame is provided with a driving shaft, a pressing assembly, a discharge spoon, a transmission assembly, a swing arm, a push assembly, and a rebound assembly. In the present invention, linkage between the driving shaft and the swing arm is generated by hydraulic cylinder. Without the resistance force between gear transmissions, the transmission loss ratio is greatly reduced.

Abstract: A smoking article includes a rod including smokable material wrapped by a wrapper, a mouthpiece connected to an end of the rod, wherein a machine-readable code is printed onto an outer surface of the wrapper, the printed machine-readable code being proximate a distal edge of the wrapper. A method for manufacturing a smoking article is also provided.

Abstract: An aerosol generating substrate element includes an aerosol generating substrate comprising a glycerine content of between about 10% and about 30% and at least one paper layer circumscribing the aerosol generating substrate. The paper layer has a thickness in a range from about 78 micrometers to about 160 micrometers. At least about 80% of the aerosol generating substrate circumference is circumscribed by less than two paper layers.

Abstract: An aerosol generating article (10) includes an aerosol generating substrate (20), a filter element (22), and a first paper wrapper (30) and a second paper wrapper (40) circumscribing the aerosol forming substrate. The first paper wrapper having a thickness in a range from 40 about 90 micrometers to about 160 micrometers. The second paper wrapper joining the aerosol forming substrate to a filter element.

Abstract: An aerosol generating substrate element is circumscribed by exactly two paper layers that do not extend beyond an aerosol generating substrate. The aerosol generating substrate includes from about 10% to about 30% glycerine by weight. The first paper wrapper and the second paper wrapper have a combined thickness in a range from about 60 micrometres to about 200 micrometres. The first paper wrapper does not overlap itself and a second paper wrapper does not overlap itself.

Abstract: An aerosol-generating article is provided, including: an aerosol-generating substrate; and a filter in axial alignment with the aerosol-generating substrate, the filter including at least one filter segment of filtration material formed of a plurality of fibres including a polyhydroxyalkanoate compound, in which the fibres provide a total external surface area within the filter segment of between 0.12 square metres per gram and 0.28 square metres per gram, and in which the at least one filter segment includes at least 20 percent by weight of the polyhydroxyalkanoate compound. A filter for an aerosol-generating article is also provided.

Abstract: An aerosol-generating device includes an aerosol-generating element comprising a body and a receptacle for receiving a cartridge comprising an aerosol-forming substrate; a vessel having a liquid fill level and defining a head space outlet above the liquid fill level; a conduit for conveying airflow from the receptacle to the vessel; and a cap engageable with the body. The cap includes a frame comprising a cavity and having a center axis, wherein the cavity is arranged for receiving the cartridge; and a grip member configured to releasably grip the cartridge received in the receptacle. The cartridge may be released from the grip member using a release mechanism. The release mechanism may be part of a cartridge disposal system.

Abstract: A multifunctional ashtray in the shape of a mug with a mug handle wherein the handle includes a lighter opening sized to receive a cigarette lighter. A multifunctional ashtray with a receptacle for receiving ashes and butts wherein the is size receptacle allows storage of unsmoked cigarettes therein and the opening includes a plurality of vertically extending ridges on an interior side of its circumferential receptacle side wall adapted to hold a cigarette accessible to easy removal when said cigarette is stored within the cup opening. A multifunctional ashtray with a receptacle for receiving ashes with an associated removable top cover for closing the receptacle when the device is not being used as an ashtray, the top cover being magnetically securable to the top end of the receptacle.

Abstract: Provided are an aerosol generating device, which discharges visible vapor in a first smoking mode and invisible vapor in a second smoking mode, and an operation method of the aerosol generating device.

Abstract: An aerosol provision device for use with an aerosol generating article including aerosol generating material having one or more aerosol generating components arranged to aerosolize different portions of the aerosol generating material and control circuitry for supplying power to the one or more aerosol generating components, the control circuitry is configured to perform an aerosolization process on a first portion of the aerosol generating material on at least two separate occasions.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device that heats an aerosol generating article including a metal wrapper, the aerosol generating device includes: an accommodation portion configured to accommodate the aerosol generating article through an opening of the aerosol generating device; and a cutting portion disposed in the accommodation portion. The cutting portion may cut at least part of the metal wrapper when the aerosol generating article is inserted into the accommodation portion.

Abstract: An article for use within a non-combustible aerosol provision system includes an aerosol-generating material having a top side, a barrier positioned adjacent to the top side of the aerosol-generating material and at least one passageway defined by the barrier and extending away from the top side of the aerosol-generating material. The at least one passageway is configured to, in use, allow aerosol to escape from the aerosol-generating material and provide a condensation region for the escaping aerosol.

Abstract: An electronic cigarette is described which comprises an outer housing sleeve having an open end and a closed end and a functional insert comprising electrical components, wherein the functional insert is arranged to be introduced through the open end of the outer housing sleeve and is held within the outer housing sleeve. By grouping the functional electronic components together on the functional insert and by providing the device housing in the form of a sleeve, the assembly process is simplified as the functional components can be assembled in a first assembly step and then subsequently sleeved within the outer housing in a single step, thus reducing the complexity of the assembly procedure.

Abstract: A cartridge includes a storage that stores a liquid composition including an aerosol generating material, and an aerosol generator connected to the storage and including a generation space where an aerosol is generated from the aerosol generating material, wherein the aerosol generator includes a supplier configured to supply the liquid composition from the storage to the generation space, a liquid delivery element disposed in the generation space and configured to absorb the liquid composition supplied from the supplier, a heating element configured to heat the liquid composition absorbed into the liquid delivery element, and a bubble discharger configured to discharge bubbles generated in the generation space such that the bubbles are not discharged through the supplier.

Abstract: A protective sleeve (100) is provided for vape fluid cartridges or ampules (130). Open ends (103, 104) facilitate insertion of a vape fluid cartridge (130). One or more apertures (120A, 120B) may be provided to permit viewing of cartridge fluid level. The sleeve (100) may be formed from an elastic material, such as silicone. An elevated section (110) may be provided to inhibit rolling and/or permit ornamentation.

Abstract: An aerosol-generating device (100) for use with an aerosol-generating article comprises a chamber (121) for removably receiving at least a portion of the aerosol-generating article. Along a center axis (122) of the chamber (121), an inner surface (130) of the chamber (121) comprises a first axial portion (131) and a second axial portion (132), wherein the first axial portion (131) is closer to a proximal end (124) of the chamber (121) than the second axial portion (132). The second axial portion (132) is dimpled comprising a plurality of indentations (142), wherein the plurality of indentations (142) extend from a base level area of the second axial portion (142) outwards in a direction away from the center axis (122).

Abstract: A heater for an aerosol generating device includes a substrate and a plane heating element formed on one surface of the substrate, wherein the plane heating element includes an electrically conductive track pattern including a sensor seating region formed of a planar track on which an undersurface of a temperature sensor is configured to be seated.

Abstract: A consumable for an aerosol provision system including a heater configured in use to supply energy to form an aerosol from an aerosol generating medium, wherein the heater is a thermal fuse.

Abstract: A heater and a cigarette device having the heater is provided. The heater includes a base having a surface, an infrared electric-heating coating layer disposed on the surface of the base, and a conductor including a first conducting part and a second conducting part disposed on the surface of the base. Both of the first conducting part and the second conducting part are at least partially electrically connected with the infrared electric-heating coating layer. The first conducting part includes a first electric conducting spiral section, and the second conducting part includes a second electric conducting spiral section. A spacing between the first electric conducting spiral section and the second electric conducting spiral section is not zero. Through the first and second electric conducting spiral sections disposed on the surface of the base, a path of electric currents flowing through the infrared electric-heating coating layer of the base is shorter.

Abstract: An efficient reinforced heating assembly, including a reinforcing frame, a liquid conducting member and at least two heating members. The reinforcing frame is provided with a vent opening for air to pass therethrough. The at least two heating members are disposed on the reinforcing frame, disposed in the vent opening or covered on the vent opening, to be in contact with the air. The liquid conducting member is disposed on a side of the heating member and in contact with the heating member, so that the liquid conducting member is able to conduct an external liquid to the heating member for heating and atomizing to generate an aerosol, which is output via the vent opening. An atomizing device is further provided, including a shell and the efficient reinforced heating assembly disposed in the shell. The reinforcing frame supports the heating member to improve the strength of the heating member.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device having a housing comprises a first aerosol generating unit and a chamber. The first aerosol generating unit is adapted to generate a first type of vapor from a solid substrate. The first aerosol generating unit further comprises a receiving interface for a consumable. The interface includes a plurality of heating elements with spikes that are arranged such that they are inserted into the consumable when the consumable is received by the interface. At least a part of the interface is arranged in the chamber of the housing. The spikes of the heating elements are arranged in at least two arrays and the opposing arrays of heating elements with spikes are configured to heat uniformly a region of the consumable between the opposing arrays.

Abstract: A vaporization element of an electronic vaporization device includes: a porous substrate; and a heating layer. The porous substrate includes a vaporization surface and the heating layer covers the vaporization surface. The heating layer includes a conductive layer and a stabilizing layer, the conductive layer covers the vaporization surface, and the stabilizing layer covers a surface of the conductive layer far from the porous substrate. A resistivity of the stabilizing layer is higher than a resistivity of the conductive layer. An oxidation resistance of the stabilizing layer is lower than an oxidation resistance of the conductive layer.

Abstract: A heating element for use in an electronic vaporizer includes a heating element base extending radially and having a central axis, a heating element wall portion extending circumferentially and axially from the heating element base along the central axis, the heating element base and the heating element wall portion appearing to be unitarily formed from a solid material, a heating circuit including a base heating circuit encapsulated within the heating element base and a radial element heating circuit encapsulated within the heating element wall portion, the radial element heating circuit being electrically coupled to the base heating circuit, and a temperature sensing circuit including a base temperature sensing circuit encapsulated within the heating element base and a radial element temperature sensing circuit encapsulated within the heating element wall portion, the radial element temperature sensing circuit being electrically coupled to the base temperature sensing circuit.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an atomization device, comprising an atomization component and a battery component. The atomization component comprises an atomizer. The atomizer comprises a heating member and two conductive members. One ends of the two conductive members are connected with two ends of the heating member. The battery component comprises a battery and an electrical conductive member. The battery is assembled in the electrical conductive member. The battery is electrically conducted to the other ends of the two conductive members through the electrical conductive member. The atomization component and battery component of the atomization device are combined in a cartridge-like manner. The electrical connection of S is simple, which simplifies the manufacturing process. A mechanical configuration can further be applied to achieve a simple automatic assembly operation to improve the manufacturing process efficiency of the atomization device and reduce labor costs.

Abstract: An aerosol generating system includes: a cavity configured to accommodate at least a portion of a cigarette; a first induction coil located around the cavity; a second induction coil located around the cavity and connected to the first induction coil in parallel; and a battery configured to supply an alternating current to the first induction coil and the second induction coil, wherein the first induction coil and the second induction coil have different resonant frequencies.

Abstract: An aerosol-generating device includes a housing having an opening configured to receive an aerosol-generating article; an accommodating space configured to accommodate the aerosol-generating article inserted through the opening; a heat-dissipating structure comprising an inner wall forming the accommodating space, and an outer wall surrounding the inner wall such that an inner space is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall; and a coil arranged between the outer wall and the housing, and configured to generate an induced magnetic field, wherein the inner wall is configured to generate heat by the induced magnetic field generated from the coil.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes: an opening configured to receive a cigarette; an accommodation space configured to accommodate the cigarette inserted through the opening; a coil surrounding the accommodation space and configured to generate an induced magnetic field; a susceptor configured to generate heat due to the induced magnetic field generated from the coil; a heat dissipating structure surrounding the coil and having a double wall structure including a vacuum inner space; and a shielding portion configured to block the induced magnetic field generated from the coil and disposed between the coil and the heat dissipating structure.

Abstract: A non-combustible aerosol provision device for generating an aerosol from an article, comprising an aerosol-generating material, the device including a receptacle to receive, in use, the article; a heating system for heating the aerosol-generating material when the article is received in the receptacle, wherein at least one part of the heating system and the receptacle are relatively movable; a selector operable to select one or more portions of the aerosol-generating material, from a plurality of portions of the aerosol-generating material, for heating by the heating system; and a controller configured to cause at least the part of the heating system to move relative to the receptacle to be positioned such that, in use, the one or more portions of the aerosol-generating material is, or are, heatable by the heating system.

Abstract: An aerosol generating system comprises an aerosol generating substrate, an inductor for generating a primary electromagnetic field, a primary susceptor configured to be inductively heated by the primary electromagnetic field and to solely heat the aerosol generating substrate, and a secondary susceptor configured to solely generate a secondary electromagnetic field. The secondary electromagnetic field is generated under the influence of the primary electromagnetic field and acts in opposition to the primary electromagnetic field.