Abstract: Lithium tetrafluoro(malonato)phosphate compounds are useful as additives in lithium ion battery applications. The compounds are represented by Formula (I): MPF4[—O(C?O)—(CX?X?)—(C?O)O—]; wherein M is Li or Na; each X? and X? independently is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, fluoro-substituted alkyl, and F; or wherein the X? and X? together are —CR2—(CR?2)m—CR?2—; each R, R? and R? independently is selected from the group consisting of H methyl, trifluoromethyl, and F; and in is 0 or 1. These compounds can be prepared in high purity and a high yield by reaction of a metal hexafluorophosphate with a bis-silyl malonate compound. A similar oxalato compound, lithium tetrafluoro(oxalato)phosphate), can be made in the same manner, but using a bis-silyl oxalate in place of the bis-silyl malonate. Advantageously, the compounds can be formed, in situ, in a LiPF6-containing electrolyte solution.

Abstract: This application provides a lithium-ion battery and an apparatus. The lithium-ion battery includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator. A positive active material of the positive electrode plate includes Lix1Coy1M1-y1O2-z1Qz1, where 0.5?x1?1.2, 0.8?y1?1.0, 0?z1?0.1, M is selected from one or more of Al, Ti, Zr, Y, and Mg, and Q is selected from one or more of F, Cl, and S. The electrolyte contains an additive A that is a polynitrile six-membered nitrogen-heterocyclic compound with a relatively low oxidation potential. The lithium-ion battery has superb cycle performance and storage performance, especially under high-temperature and high-voltage conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nonaqueous electrolytic solution capable of improving electrochemical characteristics in the case of using an energy storage device at a high temperature and at a high voltage and further capable of inhibiting the gas generation while maintaining a capacity retention rate after storage at a high temperature and at a high voltage and also provides an energy storage device using the same. Disclosed is a nonaqueous electrolytic solution having an electrolyte salt dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent, the nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing a carboxylic acid ester compound represented by the following general formula (I). In the formula, each of R1 and R2 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a —C(?O)—OR4 group, or the like, and R1 and R2 may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure. R3 represents a hydrogen atom or the like, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: A system and method for optimizing electrochemical cells including electrodes employing coordination compounds by mediating water content within a desired water content profile that includes sufficient coordinated water and reduces non-coordinated water below a desired target and with electrochemical cells including a coordination compound electrochemically active in one or more electrodes, with an improvement in electrochemical cell manufacture that relaxes standards for water content of electrochemical cells having one or more electrodes including one or more such transition metal cyanide coordination compounds.

Abstract: The present application relates to an electrochemical device. Specifically, the present application provides a cell, wherein the cell is formed by winding or stacking a first electrode and a second electrode which are arranged at an interval, and a separator is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. Wherein the first electrode includes a first current collector, and the first current collector includes a coated region coated with a first active material and an uncoated region without the first active material; the uncoated region is at least partially provided with an insulating layer. The adhesion between the insulating layer and the first current collector is not less than about 0.5 N/m. The electrochemical device provided by the present application has improved safety performance.

Abstract: A battery cell is configured such that a jelly-roll type electrode assembly is accommodated in a battery casing, and includes: the battery casing including upper, lower, and side surfaces, wherein the side surface of the battery casing includes an isolation wall providing a buffer space between the battery casing and the electrode assembly. The buffer space accommodates deformation of the electrode assembly when the electrode assembly is expanded, such that deformation of the side surface of the battery casing is prevented from occurring.

Abstract: A secondary battery according to an embodiment includes: an electrode body which contains a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and at least one separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; a case main body which receives the electrode body; a sealing body which seals an opening portion of the case main body; and a sealing body-side insulating member provided between the sealing body and one end portion of the electrode body and a case main body-side insulating member; the one end portion and the other end portion of the electrode body each form a protruding section; and the sealing body-side insulating member includes a base material and an adhesive layer which is disposed on the base material and which contains a cured object of a curable resin, and the protruding section of the one end portion of the electrode body is adhered to the adhesive layer.

Abstract: A system and method for implementing and manufacturing a hierarchy system for use with a TMCCC-containing electrically-conductive structure (e.g., an electrode) as well as methods for use and manufacturing of such structures and electrochemical cells including these devices. Structures and methods include a coordination complex having LxMyNzTia1Va2Cra3Mna4Fea5Coa6Nia7Cua8Zna9Caa10Mga11[R(CN)6]b (H2O)c. The method includes binding electrochemically active material to produce a hierarchical structure, the hierarchical structure having a plurality of primary crystallites having a size D1, the plurality of these primary crystallites agglomerated into a set of agglomerates each agglomerate having a size D2>D1.

Abstract: A battery pack management device capable of reducing power consumption while transmitting and receiving data between a master BMS and a slave BMS by using a wireless communication method. The battery pack management device according to the present disclosure includes: a master BMS including an external communicator, an internal communicator, and a master controller and a slave BMS including a power supply, a state measurement sensor, a slave wireless communicator, and a slave controller.

Abstract: A battery system includes: first and second battery modules connected between first and second system terminals in parallel; and a controller controlling the first and second battery modules. The first battery module includes a first battery and a first main switch, and a first balancing switch and a first balancing resistor, which are connected to the first main switch in parallel. The second battery module includes a second battery and a second main switch, and a second balancing switch and a second balancing resistor, which are connected to the second main switch in parallel. The controller is configured to detect a first battery voltage and a second battery voltage, and when an absolute value of a difference between the first and second battery voltages is greater than a first reference value, to open the first and second main switches and to close the first and second balancing switches.

Abstract: A system and method for optimizing electrochemical cells including electrodes employing coordination compounds by mediating water content within a desired water content profile that includes sufficient coordinated water and reduces non-coordinated water below a desired target and with electrochemical cells including a coordination compound electrochemically active in one or more electrodes, with an improvement in electrochemical cell manufacture that relaxes standards for water content of electrochemical cells having one or more electrodes including one or more such transition metal cyanide coordination compounds.

Abstract: A system and method for optimizing electrochemical cells including electrodes employing coordination compounds by mediating water content within a desired water content profile that includes sufficient coordinated water and reduces non-coordinated water below a desired target and with electrochemical cells including a coordination compound electrochemically active in one or more electrodes, with an improvement in electrochemical cell manufacture that relaxes standards for water content of electrochemical cells having one or more electrodes including one or more such transition metal cyanide coordination compounds.

Abstract: A system and method for optimizing electrochemical cells including electrodes employing coordination compounds by mediating water content within a desired water content profile that includes sufficient coordinated water and reduces non-coordinated water below a desired target and with electrochemical cells including a coordination compound electrochemically active in one or more electrodes, with an improvement in electrochemical cell manufacture that relaxes standards for water content of electrochemical cells having one or more electrodes including one or more such transition metal cyanide coordination compounds.

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns the production of precursor compounds for lithium battery cathodes. Batteries or their scrap are smelted in reducing conditions, thereby forming an alloy suitable for further hydrometallurgical refining, and a slag. The alloy is leached in acidic conditions, producing a Ni- and Co-bearing solution, which is refined. The refining steps are greatly simplified as most elements susceptible to interfere with the refining steps concentrate in the slag. Metals such as Co, Ni and Mn are then precipitated from the solution, forming a suitable starting product for the synthesis of new battery precursor compounds.

Abstract: Provided are a battery-level Ni—Co—Mn mixed solution and a preparation method for a battery-level Mn solution, the steps thereof comprising: acid dissolution (S1), alkalization to remove impurities (S2), synchronous precipitation of calcium, magnesium, and lithium (S3), deep ageing to remove impurities (S4), synergistic extraction (S5), and refining extraction (S6). The steps of deep ageing to remove impurities (S4) and synergistic extraction (S5) comprise: performing deep ageing on a filtrate obtained from the step of synchronous precipitation of calcium, magnesium, and lithium (S3), and after performing filtration to remove impurities, obtaining an aged filtrate; using P204 to extract the aged filtrate and obtain a loaded organic phase, and subjecting the loaded organic phase to staged back-extraction to obtain the battery-level Ni—Co—Mn mixed solution and a Mn-containing solution.

Abstract: A battery assembly according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a first cell stack including a plurality of battery cells and a structural assembly including a first pocket sized and shaped to receive the first cell stack. The structural assembly is configured to assert a compressive load on the first cell stack and at least partially enclose the first cell stack.

Abstract: A heat-radiating structure of a cylindrical battery cell includes a first plate configured to contact an upper partial area of a battery cell and to which a current of the battery cell is discharged, the first plate having an area not contacting the battery cell, a second plate disposed between the first plate and the battery cell, the second plate not contacting the battery cell, and a heat transfer part disposed between the second plate and the battery cell and configured to transfer heat generated in the battery cell to the second plate while contacting the battery cell is provided. The second plate contacts the area of the first plate not contacting the battery cell and a portion of the current discharged from the battery cell to the first plate is discharged from the second plate. A heat-radiating system of a cylindrical battery is also provided.

Abstract: A battery housing arrangement, in particular a battery housing assembly of a vehicle traction battery which can be temperature-controlled by a fluid, comprises a battery housing which encloses an interior space for receiving battery cells, and a heat transmission device which has an inlet tube, an outlet tube and a heat exchanger element arranged fluidically therebetween. The fluid is able to flow through the heat transmission device from the inlet tube via the heat exchanger element to the outlet tube. The heat exchanger element can be accommodated in the battery housing. The battery housing has at least one through-opening for feeding through the inlet tube and the outlet tube, and the battery housing has at least one closure element which is inserted into the at least one through-opening and forms a closure between the inlet tube and/or the outlet tube and the at least one through-opening.

Abstract: Systems, methods and a cooling module are described. The cooling module is configured to directly cool the plurality of battery cell tabs. The cooling module includes a generally prismatic isolation sheet contacting the battery cell tabs along a common plane and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes a metallic portion defining an open cavity and a lightweight portion joined to the metallic portion to define a unitary flow assembly. The metallic portion includes an outer planar surface engaging the second planar surface. The lightweight portion is formed from a thermally conductive plastic material and includes baffles integrally formed with and extending therefrom. The plurality of baffles engage an interior surface of the metallic portion to thereby define a serpentine path for the cooling fluid.

Abstract: One aspect of the sheet-like air cell of the present invention includes a positive electrode having a catalyst layer, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte solution that are housed in a sheet-like outer case. The electrolyte solution is an aqueous solution that contains an electrolyte salt and has a pH of 3 or more and less than 12. The electrolyte solution contains a water-soluble high-boiling solvent with a boiling point of 150° C. or more in an amount of 3 to 30% by mass of the total solvent. Another aspect of the sheet-like air cell of the present invention includes a positive electrode having a catalyst layer, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte that are housed in a sheet-like outer case. The electrolyte is obtained by blending an electrolyte solution and a thickening agent. The electrolyte solution is an aqueous solution that contains an electrolyte salt and has a pH of 3 or more and less than 12.

Abstract: A zinc-air battery cell assembly comprising: a layer of anode material; one or more layers of cathode material; a separator directly between and engaging both the layer of anode material and the layer of cathode material that acts as both an electronic insulator and an ion conductive path between the layer of anode material and the layer of cathode material; and a diffusion member directly engaging the layer of cathode material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method of folding a pouch case of a battery cell, and more particularly, to an apparatus and a method of folding a pouch case of a battery cell capable of preventing a meandering in a folding process and reducing non-uniformity of a folding amount by forming a pre-folding line on a pouch wing and folding the pouch wing on the basis of the pre-folding line.

Abstract: The present invention features a pouch comprising a single layer of polymer material having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the second surface is disposed to define an interior space surrounded by the second surface of the pouch, and wherein the first surface is disposed to define the exterior of the pouch, wherein the single layer has a uniform thickness between the first surface and second surface, wherein the polymer material comprises a liquid crystal polymer, and wherein the pouch has a water vapor transmission rate of less than 0.1 g/m2/day between the interior space and the first surface of the pouch.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary battery in which a conductive cover, which is electrically connected to a case and has a flat part, is formed at an upper end of the case so as to facilitate welding of an electrode tab and enable space utilization to be maximized. According to one embodiment, disclosed is a secondary battery comprising: an electrode assembly; a case for accommodating the electrode assembly; a cap assembly which is coupled to an upper part of the case so as to seal the case, and has a terminal part; and a conductive cover which is coupled to an upper part of the case and fixed to a lateral plate of the case.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes: an electrode assembly including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode; a case including an inner space accommodating the electrode assembly, and an opening; a cap plate coupled to the case at the opening and including a terminal hole exposing the inner space; an electrode terminal electrically connected to the electrode assembly through the terminal hole and overlapping the cap plate; electrode tabs respectively connected to the first electrode and the second electrode; and an electrolyte solution in the inner space, and at least one electrode tab of the electrode tabs has an inclined portion that is inclined at a first angle with respect to a surface of the electrode assembly facing the at least one electrode tab.

Abstract: A power storage module including: a stacked body that includes electrodes stacked along a first direction; a sealing body that includes a first sealing portion joined to an edge portion of each of the electrodes, forms an inner space between the electrodes adjacent to each other, and seals the inner space; and an electrolytic solution that is stored in the inner space and includes an alkali solution. The electrodes include bipolar electrodes, and a negative terminal electrode. The power storage module includes surplus spaces different from the inner space on a route of an alkali creep phenomenon in which the electrolytic solution reaches the outside from the inner space through the negative terminal electrode.

Abstract: A battery pack (2; 602) includes: an outer case (12; 612); one or more battery cells (90a-90j); and a cell case (80), which is housed in the outer case (12; 612) and houses the battery cell(s) (90a-90j). The outer case (12; 612) has: an upper surface (wall) (14b), in which a terminal-opening part (22a) for exposing a terminal (102) is provided; a bottom wall (15e); and a plurality of side surfaces (walls) (15a-15d) extending upward from the bottom wall (15e). The battery cell(s) (90a-90j) is (are) disposed parallel to the bottom wall (15e). An opening (40a-40j) is provided in a specific side surface (15b, 15d), from among the plurality of side surfaces (15a-15d), that faces an end surface of the battery cell(s) (90a-90j) in a longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A battery pack includes: a battery cell including first and second surfaces arranged at opposite sides and at which first and second electrodes are respectively located, and a side surface connecting the first and second surfaces to each other; a first circuit board arranged on the first surface and connected to the first electrode; a second circuit board arranged on the second surface; a first flexible line extending from a first side of the first circuit board to the second circuit board while surrounding a portion of the side surface of the battery cell; and a second flexible line extending from a second side of the first circuit board to the second surface of the battery cell while surrounding another portion of the side surface of the battery cell and connected to the second electrode.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a system includes a belt for mechanically linking multiple energy storage cells together, wherein the multiple energy storage cells are grouped into at least first and second energy storage packs, each energy storage pack including at least one energy storage cell, the at least one energy storage cell of the first energy storage pack having a different energy storage characteristic from the at least one energy storage cell of the second energy storage pack. The system further includes an operational zone for receiving an energy storage pack and establishing an electrical connection between the received energy storage pack and an electrical device, and an actuator operable to move the multiple energy storage cells together to thereby dispose the first energy storage pack in the operational zone to establish the electrical connection with the electrical device.

Abstract: A separator including a porous substrate layer, an intermediate layer, and a ceramic coating layer is provided. The ceramic coating layer is disposed on a side of the intermediate layer away from the porous substrate layer. The intermediate layer includes a metal oxide powder. The particle diameter of the metal oxide powder is less than the pore diameter of the porous substrate layer, and at least a portion of the metal oxide powder is embedded in the porous substrate layer. A method of preparing the separator and a lithium-ion battery including the separator are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery laminated separator which improves a long-term battery characteristic of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery. According to the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery laminated separator in accordance with an aspect of the present invention, an absolute value of a difference between (i) a standard deviation of whiteness index in one outermost layer and (ii) a standard deviation of whiteness index of the other outermost layer is greater than 0.01 and is 0.60 or less, and a greater one of the two standard deviation values of whiteness index is 0.06 or more and 0.91 or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a functionalized separator having a zwitterionic coating thereon. The method includes preparing a porous separator; coating a linker on a surface of the porous separator; and chemically reacting zwitterions with the linker such the zwitterions are grafted to the linker on the surface of the separator. The zwitterions grafted to the linker acts as a monolayer to functionalize the surface of the separator. The functionalized separator may disallow elution of polysulfide compound in a lithium-sulfur battery. Further, the functionalized separator may increase ion conductivity of electrolyte of the lithium-sulfur battery and thus ensure high output characteristics.

Abstract: A method for connecting a flexible printed circuit (FPC) to a battery module and a cell supervision circuit board (CSCB) is provided. The method includes: providing a coil of a continuous, strip-shaped FPC; unwinding a first section of the FPC from the coil, positioning the first section of the FPC over a first contact portion of the battery module, and welding a conductive structure of the FPC in the first section to the first contact portion of the battery module; unwinding a second section of the FPC from the coil, positioning the second section of the FPC over a contact pad of the CSCB, and welding the conductive structure of the FPC in the second section to the contact pad of the CSCB; and separating the first section and second section of the FPC from the coil of the FPC.

Abstract: The present application provides a secondary battery, which includes a first electrode assembly, a second electrode assembly, a case, and a top cap assembly. The top cap assembly includes a top cap plate and a first electrode terminal, the top cap plate is connected to the case, and the first electrode terminal is arranged on the top cap plate. The first electrode assembly includes a first body and first tabs extending from the first body, and the first tabs are multiple and stacked. The second electrode assembly includes a second body and second tabs extending from the second body, and the second tabs are multiple and stacked. An end of each of the second tabs that is away from the second body is a second end portion. Each of the first tabs includes a first connecting portion extending beyond the second end portion.

Abstract: Apparatus for dual-band antenna and communications tower comprising such apparatus are provided. The apparatus comprises a first part (202) comprising first and second propagation paths configured to selectively propagate signals of a first frequency with either a first polarization state or a second polarization state, a transition part (204) rotatable between first and second transition positions to selectively propagate signals of a second frequency along the second signal path with the first polarisation state when in the first transition position and with the second polarisation state when in the second transition position and a rotator part rotatable between first and second rotator positions. Wherein, the rotator part is configured to orientate the polarisation of signals in the second signal path in order to couple the second signal path to an interface, and allow propagation of signals in the first signal path in either the first or second rotator positions.

Abstract: An adapter for coupling a coaxial transmission line to a waveguide, wherein the center conductor of the coaxial line passes via a back short of the waveguide through an iris and that terminates to the inside wall of the waveguide.

Abstract: A Wilkinson power combiner (202) is described that includes a high-pass, HP, frequency circuit (500, 550), wherein the HP frequency circuit (500, 550) comprises at least one of: (i) one input port (510) coupled to at least two output ports (512, 514) via at least two paths; and an input shunt inductor (520) coupling the input port (510) to ground; wherein the one input port (510) is coupled to the at least two output ports (512, 514) via respective series capacitances (230, 238) on the at least two paths, which in cooperation with the input shunt inductor (520) forms a first HP frequency circuit; and (ii) at least one resistor (554, 528)-inductor (552, 524), R-L isolation circuit (500, 550) configured to couple the at least two output ports (512, 514) that forms a second HP frequency circuit.

Abstract: A rear glass according to the invention is for attachment to a lift-up backdoor that closes an opening in a rear portion of a vehicle, and includes a glass plate, a defogger disposed in a vicinity of a center of the glass plate in an up-down direction, and a shared antenna installed on the glass plate upward or downward of the defogger, the shared antenna including a power supply unit, an AM antenna connected to the power supply unit, and an FM antenna connected to the power supply unit, and a relationship between an element length LAM of the AM antenna, a center wavelength ?FM-C corresponding to a reception frequency band of the FM antenna and a wavelength shortening coefficient ? of the glass plate satisfying 0.49×?×?FM-C?LAM?0.67×?×?FM-C.

Abstract: An antenna includes a self-supporting electrically conductive wire having a width (W) and extending longitudinally along a length and between first and second ends of the conductive wire. The conductive wire forms one or more loops and comprises an electrically conductive layer disposed on and aligned with an adhesive layer. A width and a length of each of the conductive and adhesive layers are substantially co-extensive with the width and the length of the conductive wire.

Abstract: An antenna device intended to be used in a communication system of a timepiece, including a substrate; a first antenna circuit made on the substrate and having first and second strands which are connected and having a proximal end and a distal end, extending in parallel, a second antenna circuit made on the substrate and having third and fourth strands which are connected and having a proximal end and a distal end, and extending in parallel, an electrical junction link joining the proximal ends of the first and third strands; a connection portion configured to be bent relative to the electrical junction link, and including a conductive connection which is connected to the electrical junction link and including an electromagnetic shielding of the conductive connection.

Abstract: Radiating elements, antenna assemblies, and base station antennas including the same. For example, a radiating element is provided that includes a feed stalk and a radiator mounted on the feed stalk. The feed stalk includes a dielectric substrate, a first metal pattern printed on a first major surface of the dielectric substrate, and a second metal pattern printed on a second major surface of the dielectric substrate that is opposite the first major surface. The first metal pattern includes a first feed transmission line and a first feed welding region electrically connected to the first feed transmission line. The second metal pattern includes a second feed welding region electrically connected to the first feed welding region.

Abstract: A system for subsurface transmission includes an array of very low frequency (VLF) transmitter nodes supported by semi-autonomous maritime, airborne, or space platforms spaced at regular intervals from their nearest neighbors and phased to localize VLF coverage to some desired area on a body of water.

Abstract: An antenna device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, an antenna layer, and a redistribution layer. The first substrate has a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and an inclined sidewall adjoining the first and second surfaces. The second substrate is below the first substrate. The first surface of the first substrate faces toward the second substrate. The antenna layer is located on the first surface of the first substrate. The redistribution layer extends from the second surface of the first substrate to the second substrate along the inclined sidewall of the first substrate, and the redistribution layer has a first section in contact with an end of the antenna layer.

Abstract: Antenna systems for access points and other wireless radio units include an RF ground plane, a radiating element mounted in front of the RF ground plane, and a coaxial feed cable coupled to the radiating element. The cable jacket includes a first opening that exposes a first portion of an outer conductor of the coaxial feed cable so that the cable jacket is on either side of the first opening along a longitudinal direction of the coaxial feed cable. The first portion of the outer conductor is galvanically connected to the RF ground plane via a first direct galvanic connection.

Abstract: Radio frequency (RF) systems with tunable filters are provided herein. In certain embodiments, an RF system includes a first RF processing circuit configured to process a first frequency band of a first communication standard and a second frequency band of a second communication standard. The first frequency band and the second frequency band are close in frequency and/or partially overlapping in frequency. The first RF processing circuit includes a tunable filter for changing the bandwidth of the first RF processing circuit to enhance the robustness of the first RF processing circuit to blocker or jammer signals of a third frequency band.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program product is disclosed. The apparatus may comprise means for receiving a performance metric for an antenna array comprised of a plurality of radiating elements, the performance metric being based on performance data associated with the antenna array, the antenna array having a radiating configuration represented by configuration parameters. The apparatus may also comprise means for updating the configuration parameters dependent on the received performance metric by means of estimating new configuration parameters for moving the performance metric towards a target value. The apparatus may also comprise means for re-configuring the radiating configuration of the antenna array based on the updated configuration parameters such that the physical geometry of the antenna array is changed.

Abstract: A solution to the growing customer demand on cell tower signal capacity is needed. As such, a directional antenna for cellular communication, a communications system using the directional antenna, and a method of communicating using the directional antenna are provided herein. In one example, the directional antenna includes: (1) a Luneburg lens having a spherical shape, and (2) a curved substrate that conforms to the spherical shape of the Luneburg lens, the curved substrate having a feed network of signal conveyors affixed to a front side and a ground plane back side, wherein the signal conveyors are aligned with the Luneburg lens to communicate radio frequency signals within a sector.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed herein for a cylindrically fed antenna and method for using the same. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises: an antenna feed to input a cylindrical feed wave; a first layer coupled to the antenna feed and into which the feed wave propagates outwardly and concentrically from the feed; a second layer coupled to the first layer to cause the feed wave to be reflected at edges of the antenna and propagate inwardly through the second layer from the edges of the antenna; and a radio-frequency (RF) array coupled to the second layer, wherein the feed wave interacts with the RF array to generate a beam.

Abstract: A phased array antenna system having radiating units unitarily formed and arranged in an array by direct metal sintering avoiding assembly requirements. Each radiating unit includes a free-space impedance transformer having first, second and third radiator elements. Each radiating unit includes an embedded balun having first, second, and third impedance transition elements located generally concentric with the first, the second, and the third radiator elements and distally connected respectively to form a first integrated coaxial interface, a second integrated coaxial interface, and an integrated ground interface. Each radiating unit includes a ground plane electrically coupled to the integrated ground interface.

Abstract: Provided is an antenna device with a simple configuration and in which it is possible to control the directivity in various directions. An antenna device according to the present invention is provided with: an array antenna that includes at least one antenna element disposed on a first surface of a substrate and that forms beams in respective directions having a plurality of angles including a first angle relative to the first surface of the substrate; and a side wall that is provided on at least a partial periphery of the at least one antenna element and that refracts, in a direction along the substrate, a first beam in the direction having the first angle.