Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a clearance lamp (330) and an illumination unit (400) for an active sensor. The illumination unit (400) includes a near-infrared light source (410) and a photoconductor (420). The photoconductor (420) receives emitted light from the near-infrared light source (410) and emits illumination light having a predetermined light distribution from an emission surface (422). The photoconductor (420) is disposed such that a rear surface (424) thereof faces a light emitting surface of the clearance lamp (330), and emits, from the emission surface (422), emitted light from the clearance lamp (330) which is received at the rear surface (424).

Abstract: A lens module with a diameter less than 200 millimeters is disclosed, including a first lens, a second lens and a third lens. The first lens has a refractive index ranging from 1.4 to 1.6 and an average curvature ranging from 1/36 (mm)?1 to 1/43 (mm)?1. The first lens has a light-emitting angle within 70 degrees in the horizontal direction and within 5 degrees in the vertical direction. The first lens in the short axis direction is less than 50 mm and its protruding height on the light-emitting surface is less than 20 mm. The second lens has a light-emitting angle within 40 degrees in the horizontal direction and within 5 degrees in the vertical direction. The third lens has a light-emitting angle within 26 degrees in the horizontal direction and within 2 degrees in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A road surface drawing apparatus includes: a plurality of light sources that is capable of individually emitting a light; a mask having a plurality of light-transmitting windows, each light-transmitting window arranged to receive the light from a corresponding light source of the plurality of light sources; a partition that partitions a space between the plurality of light sources and the mask into a plurality of subspaces, each subspace allocated for each light-transmitting window and the corresponding light source; and a common projection lens arranged to project the light transmitted through each light-transmitting window from the corresponding light source onto a road surface.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes: a circuit board on which a light source is mounted; a heat sink having a front surface or a rear surface to which the circuit board is attached and configured to release heat generated when the light source is driven; and a cooling fan disposed above or below the circuit board and the heat sink. Cooling air generated by the cooling fan flows along the heat sink and the light source.

Abstract: A vehicular illumination system structured as an array of optical trains in each of which the element of a light-concentrating optical sub-system and the element of the projection optical sub-system are uniquely spatially mapped one into another to ensure that light from a given optical source of the employed arrays of optical sources necessarily interacts both with a dedicated, spatially-distinct light concentrator of the corresponding optical train and with a dedicated, spatially-distinct projection optical component while not interacting with either the light concentrator or the projection optical component of the neighboring optical train. Embodiments ensure freedom of change of the overall shape of the system while, in operation, forming light distribution in pre-determined illumination plane that is substantially devoid of visually-perceived color aberrations.

Abstract: Embodiments of the application provide a light emitting device, a backlight module and a display panel. The light emitting device comprises: a substrate; a plurality of light emitters mounted on the substrate; and a light-transmissive resin on each of the light emitters, wherein the resin is in close contact with the light emitter and a part of the substrate, a surface of the light-transmissive resin away from the light emitter and the substrate forms an exit surface, the center of the light emitter and the center of the exit surface are located in a first optical axis, a region of the exit surface near the first optical axis is recessed toward the light emitter to form a concave surface, which is configured to totally reflect part of light emitted from the center of the light emitter and transmit part of light emitted from the edge of the light emitter.

Abstract: An area light is provided including a housing defining a central axis having a first end, a second end opposite the first end, and a side portion; a cover mounted on the first end of the housing; a light module disposed on the first end of the housing, the light module comprising a heat sink and at least one light-emitting diode (LED) to emit light through the cover and in a direction that extends 360 degrees around the center axis; and a battery receptacle disposed on the side portion of the housing to receive a removable battery pack and supply electric power form the removable battery pack to the at least one LED. At least one hook is provided on or adjacent the first end of the housing.

Abstract: Lighting control systems and methods for providing dynamic control of multiple light sources with a single input are disclosed herein. When a long touch is detected at a user interface element, a first light source is turned on. If the long touch persists for a predefined time period, a second light source (e.g., an adjacent light source) is also turned on. The luminosity of the first light source may be gradually increased from zero to 100% during the predefined time period. If the long touch persists beyond the predefined time period, the luminosity of the second light source may be gradually increased from zero until the long touch ends or a second longer predefined time period is reached.

Abstract: A lighting device for mounting to an optical element includes a center ring, a heat sink, at least one housing part and at least one fan. The center ring has a first side and a second side and includes a mechanical interface for mechanically coupling the center ring to the optical element. The heat sink includes a lighting module mounting part for connection with at least one relative to the center ring with the entire at least one hollow structure over the first side of the lighting module and at least one hollow structure within the heat sink. The heat sink is positioned center ring. The at least one fan includes at least one blade and a driver. At least a portion of the at least one fan is contained within the at least one housing part with the at least one blade within the at least one hollow structure.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to a water-resistant capture device for enclosing wired electro-magnetic components, the capture device having a base module and a connecting cap module, wherein when the base module and cap module enclose an electro-magnetic component and the base module is connected to the cap module, one or more electric wires are compressed within deformable wire apertures formed by the combined base module and cap module. In some embodiments, the base module is deformable and deforms when affixed to the cap module so as to form a compressive water-resistant seal to an interior of the capture device. In an exemplary embodiment, an LED may be captured within the capture device. The cap module may provide a compressing aperture to provide a water resistant seal around the lens of a LED projecting therethrough.

Abstract: In a method for operating a household steam treatment appliance which includes an evaporator with a heatable water holding chamber and a fill level sensor with at least two measurement electrodes, which are disposed over one another at a distance from each other in the heatable water holding chamber, a water detection measured value provided for indicating wetting of the at least two measurement electrodes with water introduced into the water holding chamber is adapted in an adaptation process to an electrical conductivity of the water in the water holding chamber.

Abstract: A two-channel burner includes a pulverized coal supply mechanism, a transition channel, an inner secondary air guide tube, an outer secondary air guide tube, a combustion stabilizing chamber, and a flow smoothing chamber. The outer secondary air guide tube, the combustion stabilizing chamber, and the flow smoothing chamber are sequentially connected to form a burner body. The pulverized coal supply mechanism passes through an interior of the burner body. The transition channel is fitted over the pulverized coal supply mechanism. The inner secondary air guide tube is disposed between the transition channel and the outer secondary air guide tube and forms an inner secondary air passage together with the transition channel, and forms an outer secondary air passage together with the outer secondary air guide tube. An outlet end of the inner secondary air guide tube is formed to have a flared opening.

Abstract: Disclosed are an anti-backflow premixing device and a fuel gas water heater, where the anti-backflow premixing device includes a casing body, a premixing cavity is provided in the casing body, and the premixing cavity includes a gas outlet pathway; a baffle, the baffle is connected in the casing body, the baffle has a first position and a second position, the baffle can continuously move between the first position and the second position, the baffle obstructs the gas outlet pathway of the premixing cavity when at the first position, and the gas outlet pathway gradually opens when the baffle is moved from the first position to the second position; and a fuel gas passage, the fuel gas passage and the premixing cavity being in communication.

Abstract: The present device is a fluid bed regenerative thermal oxidizer configured to minimize dead spaces within it and eliminate the need for complex valve systems, which are typically required to move treated and untreated air across fixed beds. The present device can be a fluid bed regenerative thermal oxidizer comprising a vertical stack having a combustion chamber near its interior center and desorber shelves located within the vertical stack above the combustion chamber and adsorber shelves located within the vertical stack below the combustion shelves. Ceramic spheres can be used as heat sinks that flow from the desorber shelves, around the combustion chamber and onto the adsorber shelves and then back to the desorber shelves. In this way heat from the combustion can be captured by the heat exchange material on the desorber shelves and released to preheat untreated air on the adsorber shelves.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an incinerating system comprising an ejector system comprising an ejection nozzle and a fuel-air mixing system, a combustor, and an exhaust system, wherein the fuel-air mixing system and/or at least a portion of the combustor are oriented in a non-conventional direction/configuration, and wherein the ejector system is configured to provide required motive force in order to drive flame to continue through the burner in a desired direction.

Abstract: A flare monitoring system includes a camera configured to capture one or more images of a burning portion of a hydrocarbon gas emitted from a flare stack, memory circuitry storing instructions thereon, and processing circuitry configured to execute the instructions to estimate a flow rate of the hydrocarbon gas based on first data corresponding to the one or more images, and based on second data corresponding to an internal diameter of the flare stack.

Abstract: A combustor nozzle including nozzle modules, a combustor, and a gas turbine including the same are proposed. The nozzle module includes a fuel supply pipe having an internal fuel flow path, manifolds communicating with the fuel supply pipe and arranged in a row in a radial direction, and fuel mixers disposed along a circumferential direction at the rear side of the manifold to receive the fuel from the manifold and inject the fuel, each of the plurality of fuel mixers including a mixer body having one end communicating with the manifold, the other end that is opened, and an mixing flow path through which air and the fuel flow, an air inlet port formed on a lateral side of the mixer body, a fuel port formed inside the mixer body and discharging the fuel supplied from the manifold to the mixing flow path, and an extension located at the other end of the mixer body.

Abstract: A combustor for a gas turbine includes a dome, and a deflector connected to the dome to define a baffle cavity therebetween, the deflector having a deflector cold side adjacent to the baffle cavity and a deflector hot side adjacent to a combustion chamber. At least one dome-deflector connecting member connects the dome and the deflector to each other. The dome-deflector connecting member forms a flexible joint between the dome and the deflector.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a non-electric, multifunctional, configurable pellet-burning system for domestic and industrial use, which has a removable burner and an inclined hot gas outlet duct that connects said burner of the system with a heat accumulator tank that operates as a second combustion chamber and as a particle filter.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of a pelletized fuel delivery and combustion system are disclosed. Certain embodiments are configured to be detachably mounted to the exterior of a kettle-styled grill such as, but not limited to, a Weber® charcoal grill. When mounted to the kettle-styled grill, a firebox is external to the kettle and delivers thermal energy and smoke to the interior of the kettle by, and through, at least one damper port in the kettle. In this way, embodiments of the solution do not require significant, if any, modification to the kettle-styled grill in order for the kettle-styled grill to use a pelletized fuel source. Embodiments may also include temperature loop control and/or a thermal energy and smoke distribution plate configured to be set within the kettle of the grill.

Abstract: A knob assembly for a gas cooktop may include a knob configured to control a flow of gas from a burner of a cooktop starting at a resting position, the knob defining a hollow interior and having a support cylinder extending vertically through the hollow interior, wherein the support cylinder includes a projection flap protruding therefrom, an inner lock ring arranged at least partially within the hollow interior of the knob and having a chamfered region defining a ring opening adjacent an inclined portion, where the opening is configured to selectively receive the projection flap in response to depression of the knob and where the projection flap slides along the inclined portion in response to subsequent rotation of the knob, the inclined portion imparting frictional resistance on the projection flap to prevent against unintentional rotation of the knob.

Abstract: A knob assembly and an appliance having a knob assembly are provided. The knob assembly may include a knob configured to be rotatably installed, a knob ring configured to surround the knob and to be rotated independently from the knob, a spring configured to provide an elastic force so as to return the knob ring toward an initial position when the knob ring is rotated to a position spaced apart from the initial position, and a magnetic force provider configured to provide a magnetic force to return the knob ring to the initial position when the knob ring is at a position adjacent to the initial position.

Abstract: An oven door may include a front panel, a pair of trim panels attached to the front panel, a bracket assembly, a plurality of light sources mounted to the bracket assembly, and a camera mounted to the bracket assembly. The pair of trim panels may include a first trim panel and a second trim panel laterally spaced apart by a door cavity defined therebetween. The first trim panel and the second trim panel may each include an interior surface directed toward the door cavity. The first trim panel may define a first bracket slot. The bracket assembly may extend through the door cavity between the first trim panel and the second trim panel. The bracket assembly may include a back bracket and a first support flange received within the first bracket slot.

Abstract: An oven appliance or method may provide for directing a pre-cooking setting of a first heating element and receiving a first-sensor temperature signal from a first temperature sensor. Receiving the first-sensor temperature signal may occur during the pre-cooking setting of the first heating element. The method may also include determining a first progress value based on the first-sensor temperature signal and a first fractional constant. The first fractional constant may be a predetermined proportion of a pre-cooking phase. The method may further include receiving a second-sensor temperature signal from a second temperature sensor and determining a second progress value based on the second-sensor temperature signal and a second fractional constant. The second fractional constant may be a predetermined proportion of the pre-cooking phase. The method may still further include directing display of a progress icon based on the first progress value and the second progress value.

Abstract: The method for dirty camera detection including: detecting a first predetermined state change event; sampling a set of cavity measurements; optionally determining a set of features of the set of cavity measurements; determining a class label based on the cavity measurements; optionally verifying the classification; and facilitating use of the appliance based on the classification.

Abstract: An oven appliance may provide for a method of adaptive cooking. The method may include receiving an oven temperature signal to indicate an oven temperature and directing activation of a bottom heating element according to a first heating cycle based on the oven temperature signal. The method may further include receiving a bottom temperature signal to indicate a bottom temperature and directing activation of the bottom heating element according to a second heating cycle based on the bottom temperature signal, the second heating cycle being distinct from the first heating cycle.

Abstract: A cooking system includes at least two individually controllable cooking stations. Each cooking station is operably connected to a degree of cooking monitoring apparatus which ascertains a degree of cooking of food to be cooked at the cooking station. A coordinating facility is connected to the cooking stations for data communication and sets operating parameters of the cooking stations and receives a target cooking time end common for the cooking stations. The cooking system determines during a cooking process running at the cooking stations an expected cooking time end in response to an ascertained degree of cooking, and adapts in the event that the expected cooking time end for at least one of the cooking stations does not match the common target cooking time end an operating parameter for the this cooking station such that the common target cooking time end is achieved during running operation by this cooking station.

Abstract: A method may include directing a top heating element according to a first cooking cycle that includes a high heat output of the top heating element. The method may also include detecting an oven temperature greater than or equal to the predetermined cooking threshold within the cooking chamber and directing, in response to detecting the oven temperature greater than or equal to the predetermined cooking threshold, the top heating element according to a second cooking cycle for a set time period. The second cooking cycle may include a periodic heat output and a second-cycle predetermined cooking temperature within the cooking chamber. The method may further include determining expiration of the set time period and adjusting heat within the cooking chamber in response to determining expiration of the set time period.

Abstract: A diffusion terminal of clean air includes an outer body, which can be connected to a respective supply channel of clean air. The outer body has an outlet mouth for supplying clean air towards an inhalation area of a person. A first conical element is at least partially hollow arranged inside the outer body, so that an axis of the first conical element is substantially coincident with a main axis of the body. The first conical element has a base portion arranged close to a plane defined by the outlet mouth, so as to provide an outlet of an airflow along a crown defined between an inner surface of the outer body and an outer surface of the first conical element. The first conical element has at least one opening to enable passing of an airflow within the first conical element and through an outlet mouth thereof.

Abstract: This air conditioner unit comprises a heat exchanger, but does not comprise any device that forcibly passes air to the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger can be installed in a partition part that demarcates a target space from areas outside of the target space, and is configured such that an airflow in contact with the heat exchanger can pass through. The heat exchanger is configured so that a fluid can flow through the interior thereof. Due to a fluid having a temperature different from the outside air temperature flowing through the heat exchanger, the temperature of the airflow flowing from outside of the target space into the target space is changed, and the air inside the target space is conditioned by the airflow of which the temperature was changed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an air conditioner, the air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention may include; a case forming the exterior; a panel having an air inlet and disposed at one side of the case; an electric dust collector for collecting foreign substances introduced through the air inlet; and a high voltage applying device electrically connected to the electric dust collector, wherein the electric dust collector includes: a discharge electrode extending toward the air inlet and charging particles contained in air introduced through the air inlet; and an electrode holder supporting the discharge electrode so that an angle formed between an extension direction of the discharge electrode and a flow direction of air introduced through the air inlet can be changed. Accordingly, there is an advantage in that the distribution of the ion field can be adjusted by adjusting the angle between the discharge electrode and the flow direction.

Abstract: An indoor unit for an air conditioner, in which a diffuser outlet through which humidified air is discharged is placed between a front panel and a grill that guides the discharged air, may produce the effect that discharged air pushes discharged humidified air, thereby allowing the humidified air to flow far away from a lateral outlet. As a result, formation of droplets on a surface of the front panel made of a metallic material may be minimized.

Abstract: A system comprising a first plurality of microchannels, a second plurality of microchannels in thermal communication with the first plurality of microchannels such that the first plurality of microchannels and second plurality of microchannels form a heat exchanger, and a phase change composite in thermal communication with the heat exchanger and methods of operating are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A ventilation system return register is mountable in a room from with air will flow through the return register. It includes a housing that defines an internal volume through which air can flow, a transition collar configured to attach to the ventilation system duct, an electrical junction box configured to receive an electrical connection and a disinfecting light source electrically connected to the electrical junction box and configured to emit a radiation in a range that destroys microbial contaminants A reflective surface faces the disinfecting light and defines a disinfecting pathway through which air passes when the ventilation system is operating while it prevents the disinfecting light from shining into the room.

Abstract: An AID application including processing instructions operable by a processor to: present a graphical user interface (GUI) on a display screen, the GUI operable to receive user parameter values from a user; receive monitored parameter values from a space conditioning unit (SCU) controller; perform an auto-commissioning routine using the user parameter value and the monitored parameter values, the auto-commissioning routine including: generating a command for the SCU controller to place the SCU in heating and cooling modes; receiving the monitored parameter values in the heating and cooling modes and comparing the monitored parameter values to a model; based on the comparison, determining if the monitored parameter values are within expected or unexpected ranges, taking a first action if the monitored parameter values are within the expected ranges; an taking a second action if the monitored parameter values are within the unexpected ranges.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling indoor climate of a building. The system includes one or more equipment of a heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) system, a thermostat configured to wirelessly transmit operational data and a controller communicatively coupled to the one or more equipment and the thermostat. The controller includes a communication module configured to exchange the operational data with the thermostat and an equipment interface configured to communicate control signals to the one or more equipment to control operation of the one or more equipment. The controller is configured to receive the operational data wirelessly transmitted from the thermostat using the communication module, determine based on the operational data a control plan to operate the one or more equipment of the HVAC system, and operate the one or more equipment of the HVAC system based on the control plan.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling the air temperature in a building. The system includes one or more equipment of a heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) system, at least one of one or more thermostats or one or more temperature sensors, and a controller. The controller includes a communication module to exchange data with one or more devices and an equipment interface configured to communicate control signals to the one or more equipment. The controller is configured to obtain as user input a target rate of change (ROC) of air temperature in the building and operate the one or more equipment of the HVAC system to achieve the target ROC. The controller operates the one or more equipment at an initial capacity and adjusts the capacity of the one or more equipment to achieve the target ROC of the air temperature in the building.

Abstract: An air cleaner is provided. The air cleaner includes a main body, a case coupled to an outer side of the main body and comprising a suction port for sucking air into the main body, a filter unit disposed inside the main body, a dust sensor for sensing dust concentration, a first flow path provided so that air sucked through the suction port is flown to the side of the dust sensor, and a second flow path provided so that air filtered through the filter unit is flown to the side of the dust sensor, and the dust sensor may sense first dust concentration of air provided through the first flow path and sense second dust concentration of air provided through the second flow path.

Abstract: Systems and methods for particulate sensing of a building. Some embodiments relate to an air handling unit of an HVAC system of a building. The air handling unit includes ducting, one or more air dampers coupled to the ducting, and an integrated sampling system including piping coupled to at least one of the ducting or the one or more air dampers and configured to collect a plurality of air stream samples, a plurality of integrated sensors configured to measure the air stream sample, wherein a first integrated sensor is configured to measure a first species of the air stream sample, and wherein a second integrated sensor is configured to measure a second species of the air stream sample, and a processing circuit configured to estimate one or more air quality indicators of the air handling unit.

Abstract: A heating control system is provided for a multi-occupancy building. The heating control system uses a plurality of mobile devices, for example mobile telephones or tablet computers, which connect to a multiple-access-point wireless data network within the building. The wireless access points provide a controller with details of devices connected to each access point, so that occupancy of each heating zone can be estimated. The mobile devices can be used by occupants to send messages to the controller requesting increases or decreases in temperature. In this way, the temperature of heating zones within the building may be regulated taking into account the preferences of all occupants.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling the air temperature of a building using a control plan based on a target time. The system includes a controller which may be connected to a number of indoor and outdoor heating ventilation and air-conditioning units. The system may include a thermostat. The system may also operate without a thermostat. The method includes determining a control plan to reach a desired temperature in a target time. The method also includes updating the plan by comparing the actual time to reach the desired temperature with the target time.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic device includes a user interface; a communication module configured to perform communication with at least one outdoor unit and a plurality of indoor units connected to the at least one outdoor unit; and a processor configured to determine a heat exchanger with a contamination level equal to or higher than a preset contamination level among a heat exchanger of the at least one outdoor unit and heat exchangers of the plurality of indoor units based on an output from a neural network for operation data received from each of the at least one outdoor unit and the plurality of indoor units, determine a cleaning period of the determined heat exchanger based on a rate of increase in energy of the determined heat exchanger, and control the user interface to output information indicating the determined cleaning period, wherein the neural network is trained with operation data varying by contamination level of a heat exchanger.

Abstract: The disclosed technology includes systems and methods for reducing temperature overshoot of a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The disclosed technology can include a thermostat having a temperature sensor and a controller. The controller can be configured to receive temperature data from the temperature sensor, determine whether a time since the heating cycle of the HVAC unit began is greater than or equal to a predetermined amount of time, and determine whether a current temperature is less than or equal to a low threshold temperature, the low threshold temperature being less than a target temperature. If the current temperature is less than or equal to the low threshold temperature, the controller can determine whether a capacity of the HVAC unit at the end of the heating cycle is greater than a threshold capacity and adjust a response setting of the thermostat by a predetermined adjustment amount.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ventilation unit (1) for providing supply air (SA), preferably outside air (OA) or fresh air, to an apartment or parts thereof and for removing return air (RA), preferably exhaust air (EA) or used air, from said apartment or parts thereof. The ventilation unit comprises a bypass valve (BV; BV?) having a plurality of elongate members (EM; EM?) extending across a bypass duct and arranged in parallel next to each other, thus forming an arrangement of a plurality of elongate members next to each other as a one-elongate-member-thick layer. At least some elongate members (EM; EM?) of said plurality of elongate members (EM; EM?) are rotatably mounted around an axis of rotation (AR) parallel or identical to a longitudinal axis (LA) of said elongate members (EM; EM?). At least some elongate members (EM; EM?) are rotatable between a first rotational position or closed position (CP) and a second rotational position or open position (OP).

Abstract: A heat recovery unit with a unit housing (11) defining a unit compartment, a heat exchanger (20), a fresh air bypass flow passage and/or an exhaust air bypass flow passage, a fresh air centrifugal fan arrangement (41) and an exhaust air centrifugal fan arrangement (42), a fresh air filter (51) and an exhaust air filter (52).

Abstract: A ventilator includes a housing having at least one opening formed therein. The housing has a plurality of sides including a first side and a second side and a modular duct connector having a through hole for connection with a duct. The modular duct connector is connectable to the at least one opening of the housing in at least a first configuration and a second configuration. In the first configuration, the through hole is arranged at the first side of the housing and in the second configuration, the through hole is arranged at the second side of the housing.

Abstract: An air circulator includes a blower unit that is provided with an airflow opening on a front side of the blower unit. A grill is provided in the airflow opening, and is provided with airflow guide blades in a spiral manner. The air circulator also includes a controller that achieves a rhythm air in which weak wind and strong wind are switched over by controlling a rotational speed of a motor of the blower unit. The grill is provided with plural airflow guide blades in a spiral manner. Inner end portions of the airflow guide blades closer to the center of the spiral of the airflow guide blades are protruded from outer end portions if the airflow guide blades in an airflow direction.

Abstract: A heat exchanger and a water heater are provided. The heat exchanger is provided with an auxiliary member including a trunk pipe joint portion joined to a trunk pipe and an extension portion extending from the trunk pipe joint portion toward a plurality of fins. The plurality of fins is provided apart from a sidewall portion so as not to directly contact the sidewall portion of a case, the extension portion of the auxiliary member includes an entry portion that enters between the plurality of fins and the sidewall portion, and a first abutment portion which is provided in the entry portion and abuts outer end portions of the plurality of fins, the first abutment portion is separated from the sidewall portion, and a space portion in which inflow of the heating gas is suppressed is formed between the first abutment portion and the sidewall portion.

Abstract: A hot water supply system includes a first heat pump, a second heat pump, and a hot water storage tank. The first heat pump heats water stored in the hot water storage tank to make hot water. The second heat pump heats water supplied to the hot water storage tank.

Abstract: A frame for a liquid-throughflowable 3D fabric includes two first frame parts lying opposite each other, where each first frame part is configured to lie against at least a first part of a peripheral edge of the 3D fabric and to close the fabric at least substantially liquid-tightly along the first part of the peripheral edge. An assembly with such a frame and liquid-throughflowable 3D fabric, where the first parts of the peripheral edge of the 3D fabric are closed at least substantially liquid-tightly by the frame. A 3D fabric includes two main surfaces which are connected to each other along at least a part of the peripheral edge of the 3D fabric.