Abstract: Disclosed is a method for treating phenol wastewater. The method includes the following step: adding a hydrophobic phthalocyanine as a catalyst, and H2O2 as an oxidant into the phenol wastewater. The hydrophobic phthalocyanine is obtained by decorating a hydrophobic group on a bacterial cellulose-metal phthalocyanine with a silane coupling agent; the bacterial cellulose-metal phthalocyanine is obtained by mixing a metal phthalocyanine into a bacterial cellulose medium, biologically culturing with an acetic acid bacterium, and then heating and reducing the mixture; and the metal phthalocyanine is nitro-sulfonic metal phthalocyanine.

Abstract: A urea treatment method in which hypobromite ions are generated by adding a chlorine-based oxidizer and a bromide salt to to-be-treated water containing urea so as to break down the urea in the to-be-treated water and obtain treated water, the method including: a) determining the free residual bromine concentration and the free residual chlorine concentration in the treated water; and b) controlling the added amount of the chlorine-based oxidizer and the bromide salt on the basis of the free residual bromine concentration and the free residual chlorine concentration. The device includes a bromide salt adding means, a chlorine-based oxidizer adding means, a urea decomposition tank, a residual chlorine meter, and a control device for controlling the added amount of the chlorine-based oxidizer by the chlorine-based oxidizer adding means on the basis of the method.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein provide systems and methods for water aeration in a tank or other body of water that a specialized coupling assembly and flexible hose connectors rather than the commonly used rigid connector elements. The coupling assembly and flexible hose connectors utilized in the aeration grid system provide a more cost effective and flexible system that allows almost limitless configurations of the diffuser elements, depending on the intended application. Further, the coupling assembly and flexible hose connectors enable use with a wide variety of air supply pipe diameters without the necessity of providing a fitting or adapter for each pipe opening. The capability of the aeration system to be readily adapted to different sizes of treatment tanks or ponds, for example, allows the installation and use of a more flexible, prefabricated, or modular, and ultimately more efficient aeration system.

Abstract: An anaerobic reactor system that includes at least one toxicity reduction system that is configured for reducing an amount of one or more nitrogen compound and/or at least one type of recalcitrant in a substrate mixture sufficient to procedure a non-toxic substrate mixture for purposes of anaerobic digestion of the non-toxic substrate.

Abstract: A target based unit form tidal flat wetland restoration method comprises: (1) determining a target, (2) constructing an ecological unit by microtopography transformation on the tidal flat wetland required to be restored, (3) applying biochar material and salt-resistant ecological material within the ecological unit, (4) performing waterfront plant configuration within the ecological unit. The restoration method uses the natural tidal ebb and flow to adjust water and salt conditions in the ecological unit (salt content is reduced by more than 80%) and maintaining the target water level (0-2 m), optimized the structure of soil microbial community (the abundance of soil bacteria has been increased by more than 200%), improved the germination rate and survival rate of plants during tidal flat restoration process (the germination rate has reached more than 90%, and the survival rate has been increased to more than 62%), enriched plant species in waterfront zone (?12 species).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are dynamic microbiome-based compositions for rapid degradation and amelioration of marine oil spills, methods for preparing the dynamic microbiome-based compositions, and methods for deploying the dynamic microbiome-based compositions into oil spills.

Abstract: Methods are provided for using a combination of nanomaterials and oil-degrading bacteria to detoxify a multiphasic liquid (e.g., an oil-water mixture) and to ameliorate the toxicity of oil to local organisms, e.g., meiobenthos, in or near the area of the multiphasic liquid. The methods can be utilized for oil recovery and environmental clean-up and detoxification after spills and discharges. Through synergistic combination of the nanomaterials with oil degrading bacteria, methods can ameliorate environmental damage due to the presence of oil in an area through increased activation of the bacteria as well as through removal of the oil.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing and operating a water supply system in accordance with embodiments on the invention are described. In an embodiment, the system calculates a set of one or more marginal values for a water supply system by: determining a set of transmission marginal values for a transmission stage, determining a set of treatment marginal values for a treatment stage, and determining a set of distribution marginal values for a distribution stage for a set of consumers, where the determining includes backtracking consumed water to a set of one or more raw water sources, identifying a set of one or more marginal paths of water supply from each raw water source to the consumer, and quantifying the intensity of inputs associated with the marginal paths.

Abstract: A feedstock charger includes a charger conduit and a feedstock conveyor rotatably and translatably carried in the charger conduit. According to a method of using the feedstock charger, feedstock is supplied to the feedstock conveyor of the feedstock charger, feedstock is allowed to fall through the charger conduit and out of an outlet of the charger conduit, and the feedstock conveyor is rotated and linearly advanced in the charger conduit. Also, a disclosed system includes the feedstock charger is coupled to a submerged combustion melter wherein the charger conduit extends into the melter through a feedstock inlet of the melter.

Abstract: A method of making glass products includes: heating material to obtain a glass melt; heating the glass melt in a melting tank having a melting tank bottom, the glass melt having a melt volume, a melt surface, and a viscosity of 102 dPas at a temperature above 1580° C. The glass melt is heated such that at least some of the glass melt has a viscosity of 102.5 dPas or less. An amount of thermal energy introduced directly into the melt volume is more than 60% of a total amount of thermal energy introduced into the glass melt. A maximum difference between a temperature at a location on the melt surface and a temperature at a location at the melting tank bottom vertically underneath the location on the melt surface is such that a difference in glass melt densities is less than 0.05 g/cm3 per meter distance between the locations.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus (1) for manufacturing a glass article, including: a glass melting furnace (2) configured to produce molten glass; a treatment device (6) configured to perform a predetermined treatment on the produced molten glass; and a forming device (5) configured to form the molten glass into a predetermined shape that has been subjected to the predetermined treatment. The treatment device (6) includes: a treatment tank (13, 15) to be supplied with the molten glass; and a casing (12) configured to hold the treatment tank (13, 15). The casing (12) is supported in a suspended manner.

Abstract: Various embodiments of methods and related equipment are provided, comprising: delivering a molten material into a forming and sizing assembly, processing the molten glass via the at least one pair of forming and sizing rollers to form a glass ribbon having a width and a thickness; imparting, at least one pinch region into the cross-sectional thickness of the glass ribbon to provide a pinched glass ribbon, rolling a pressure roller over the pinched glass ribbon on the sequentially spaced mold surfaces to impart a characteristic into the pinched glass ribbon to form a glass ribbon product.

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments of a glass article of a vehicle interior system. The glass article includes a frame having a curved support surface. The frame is configured to hold at least one magnet. The glass article also includes a glass sheet having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite to the first major surface. The glass sheet is arranged with the second major surface facing toward the curved support surface. The glass article further includes a metal strip disposed on the glass sheet. The metal strip and the at least one magnet create a magnetic connection sufficient to hold the glass sheet in conformity with the curved support surface.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a glass container from a glass tube in a glass processing machine includes the steps of: I) heating the glass tube at a defined position between a first portion and a second portion to a temperature above a glass transition temperature of the glass tube while the glass tube is rotating around its longitudinal axis Ltube and pulling apart the first portion and the second portion thereby separating the first portion from the second portion and forming a closed bottom at one end of the first portion; and II) moving a mold matrix of the glass processing machine towards the closed bottom and bringing the mold matrix into contact with the closed bottom. While bringing the mold matrix into contact with the closed bottom, a distance Ym between the mold matrix and a first clamping chuck of the glass processing machine is decreased stepwise.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of drilling a feature in a substrate includes directing a pulsed laser beam focal line into the substrate at a plurality of locations, the laser beam focal line generating an induced absorption within the substrate such that the laser beam focal line produces a perforation extending through a thickness of the substrate at the plurality of locations to form a perforation contour. The method further includes directing a focused ablation laser beam into the substrate and ablating at least a portion of the substrate along an ablation track that is offset from the perforation contour by a perforation-ablation offset ?nP-Ablation to remove substrate material within a shape defined by the perforation contour to form the feature. The perforation-ablation offset ?nP-Ablation is such that the feature has a chipping with chips having a size of less than 50 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention provides a tempered glass sheet having a compressive stress layer in a surface thereof, the tempered glass sheet including as a glass composition, in terms of mol %, 50% to 80% of SiO2, 8% to 25% of Al2O3, 0% to 10% of B2O3, 3% to 15% of Li2O, 3% to 21% of Na2O, 0% to 10% of K2O, 0% to 10% of MgO, 0% to 10% of ZnO, and 0% to 15% of P2O5.

Abstract: Provided is an inorganic composition article that is hard and highly transparent. The inorganic composition article includes at least one type selected from ?-cristobalite and an ?-cristobalite solid solution as a main crystal phase, has a coloring degree ?80 of 330 to 580 nm at a thickness of 10 mm, and has a Vickers hardness of 620 or more.

Abstract: One embodiment of the disclosure relates to a glass-ceramic with a phase assemblage comprising gillespite crystalline phase (BaFeSi4O10). According to some embodiments the glass-ceramic comprises at least one of: (a) barium silicate phase, (b) silica crystalline phase, (c) iron silicate phase.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus top plate includes a glass ceramic substrate having a chemically strengthened uneven structure with an average surface roughness Ra of 0.1 to 1.0 ?m. A cooking vessel is placeable on the top plate to be heating by the cooking apparatus. A method for processing a glass ceramic substrate includes forming a top surface to have an uneven structure and chemically strengthening the top surface that has the uneven structure. An induction heating apparatus includes a cooking apparatus top plate and a plurality of induction heating coils for heating the cooking vessel placed on the top plate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a glass assembly to have a performance-enhancing feature includes a step of forming a glass substrate that is curved. The method also includes digitally-applying an ink without a mask onto a surface of the curved glass substrate. The method further includes curing the ink to form the performance-enhancing feature on the surface of the curved glass substrate.

Abstract: A coated glass article and of a system and method for forming a coated glass article are provided. The process includes applying a first coating precursor material to the first surface of the glass article and supporting the glass article via a gas bearing. The process includes heating the glass article and the coating precursor material to above a glass transition temperature of the glass article while the glass article is supported by the gas bearing such that during heating, a property of the first coating precursor material changes forming a coating layer on the first surface of the glass article from the first precursor material. The high temperature and/or non-contact coating formation may form a coating layer with one or more new physical properties, such as a deep diffusion layer within the glass, and may form highly consistent coatings on multiple sides of the glass.

Abstract: A heat treatable decorative patterned glass article ha a selectively dissolvable coating. The selectively dissolvable coating is a silicon based monolayer optical coating which is intended to be selectively dissolved in regions underlying a patterned enamel coating during a processing operation of the transparent substrate. The decorative patterned glass article provides excellent contrast to the glass when viewed from the glass side and can withstand the high tempering temperatures during the making of the decorative glass article.

Abstract: A coating for a glass substrate is a multilayer coating including at least one silicon layer. The at least one silicon layer has a carbon content gradient over its layer thickness.

Abstract: Provided is a composition for forming a coating layer of an optical fiber, the composition comprising a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (I): *—NH—CO—N(R1)—R2—SiR3n—(OR4)3-n??(I) wherein, R1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group, R2 is a methylene group optionally substituted with a halogen, a C2-10 alkylene group that may have a heteroatom or an atomic group having a heteroatom between carbon atoms and may optionally be substituted with a halogen, or a phenylene group that may have a substituent, R3 is an alkyl group, and R4 is a C1-6 alkyl group, * being a bond and n indicating an integer of 0 or more and 2 or less.

Abstract: Concrete materials and thermal energy storage devices employing such concrete materials are disclosed herein. The concrete material may include fibers in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 2 vol. %; an aggregate in an amount ranging from about 50 to about 80 vol. %, wherein the aggregates comprises siliceous aggregate and optionally carbonate aggregate; and a cementitious material in an amount from about 12 to about 20 vol. %, wherein the cementitious material comprises a combination of about 70 to about 85 vol. % of Portland cement and about 15 to about vol. % of silica fume, wherein all volume percentages unless otherwise indicated are based on the total volume of the concrete material.

Abstract: Cement compositions including ordinary Portland cement, a secondary cementitious material (SCM) including one or more of pozzolan, metakaolin, limestone, or gypsum in an amount of up to approximately 70% of a replacement level of ordinary Portland cement, and between approximately 0.05% by weight of cement (bwoc) and 2% bwoc of aggregates of mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (3DG) carbons. The cement compositions regulate nucleation and time-lapsed growth of calcium silica hydrates during initial hydration. The 3DG carbons include aggregates of mesoporous carbon nanoparticles, which include one or more interconnected bundles of electrically conductive graphene layers. The 3DG carbons include oxygen containing functional groups disposed on one or more of the surfaces of the 3DG carbons or within the 3DG carbons.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for a Controlled Low Strength Material (CLSM) including cementitious materials, water, and fine aggregate. The cementitious materials include powdered basaltic lava and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). In the composition, the basaltic lava replaces some of the ordinary Portland cement in the CLSM as compared to a conventional CLSM. The basaltic lava replaces 25% to 90% of the OPC in a conventional CLSM. The CLSM can be used as a compacted fill for structural and non-structural construction applications.

Abstract: Mineral binder based construction materials are disclosed, including thermally pre-treated silicate glass fibers and colloidal silica and further additives, which have increased fire resistance such that they have a delayed shrinkage when exposed to high temperatures relative to a mineral binder based construction material with conventional glass fibers and colloidal silica, but otherwise of identical composition. The claimed mineral binder based construction materials provide an improved resistance towards rupture, thus ensuring that corresponding structures maintain their integrity for longer periods of time when exposed to fire. Also disclosed are methods for the production of mineral binder based construction materials and the use of thermally pre-treated silicate glass fibers and colloidal silica to effect a delay in shrinkage of mineral binder based construction materials, when exposed to elevated temperatures.

Abstract: The embodiments herein are directed to dry wall waste mixtures, formed under pressure into example embodiments referred to herein as dry wall waste blocks (DWBs) and/or gypsum wallboard waste blocks (GWWBs) and tile structures. DWBs/GWWBs mixtures in particular, often incorporate a higher percentage in the composite mixtures from about 60% up to 85% of dry wall waste than other mixtures and beneficially often incorporates substantially all of the wallboard facing paper as part of the composite mixture. That is, waste processing is simplified by comingling core and paper layers in the final product. DWBs/GWWBs mixtures utilize demolition and construction waste, replacing a high percentage of Portland cement with waste-derived binder.

Abstract: There is a method of making an aggregate having plastics particles having sizes of about 0.1 cm to about 1 cm. The method has the step of treating a first plurality of plastics particles with low-pressure plasma and/or an electron beam to provide treated particles. The plasma has ions formed from any one selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid, alcohol, amine, ester, aldehyde, amide, ketone, epoxide, ammonia and peroxide and a combination of two or more thereof. The disclosure further relates to aggregates and their uses.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a composite cement comprising a cement and calcined clay has the steps of providing the cement, providing calcined clay by grinding a material comprising clay compounds and at least one of quartz and/or feldspar, separating the clay compounds from quartz and/or feldspar by classification and calcination of the clay compounds to provide the calcined clay, and mixing the cement with the calcined clay to provide the composite cement.

Abstract: Disclosed are product (e.g., board), slurry, and methods relating to an uncooked starch that can be used to enhance strength in one or more gypsum layers in the board. The uncooked starch has a hot water viscosity of from about 20 BU to about 300 BU according to the HWVA method, and/or a mid-range peak viscosity of from about 120 Brabender Units to about 1000 Brabender Units.

Abstract: Some embodiments relate to a method for producing a rubber-containing asphalt composition. The method for producing the rubber-containing asphalt composition comprises obtaining a rubber component; obtaining an unoxidized asphalt; mixing the rubber component and the unoxidized asphalt to obtain an unoxidized asphalt composition; oxidizing the unoxidized asphalt composition to obtain an oxidized asphalt composition; and forming a roofing shingle from the oxidized asphalt composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bio-aggregate based building product comprising a macroporous element formed from a mixture of: a calcium carbonate derived binder and a lignocellulosic bio-aggregate. The macroporous element has an air and/or vapour and/or water open matrix with a microcapillary structure formed by the lignocellulosic bio-aggregate. The porosity of the macroporous element is at least 50% of the bulk volume of the building product. Between 40% and 80% by weight of bio-aggregate granulates forming the lignocellulosic bio-aggregate have a maximum particle size falling within the lower 50% of the particle size range. No more than 5% by weight of bio-aggregate granulates forming the lignocellulosic bio-aggregate have a maximum particle size falling within the upper 20% of the particle size range.

Abstract: The invention provides composite materials comprising novel bonding elements exhibiting unique microstructures and chemical compositions, and methods for their manufacture and uses, for example, in a variety of concrete components with or without aggregates in the infrastructure, construction, pavement and landscaping industries.

Abstract: In order to provide a shaped body which has good high-temperature resistance, to which a coating material adheres permanently, and which is easy to produce, a shaped body is proposed which has a channel structure formed by shaping a material of the shaped body and a pore structure in the material of the shaped body, wherein the material of the shaped body comprises a particulate base material or is formed therefrom at least in part, wherein the base material comprises a cordierite material and/or a mullite material, wherein particles of the base material are connected to one another directly and/or indirectly, and wherein approximately 5 vol. % of a coating material or more, based on a total volume of the pore structure, can be or is absorbed into pores of the pore structure.

Abstract: A ceramic article includes a ceramic body including a spinel (MgAl2O4) structure, wherein a ratio of a density of the spinel structure to a theoretical density of a spinel is greater than 99.5%. A semiconductor apparatus for manufacturing a semiconductor structure includes a ceramic article including a spinel (MgAl2O4) structure, wherein a ratio of a density of the spinel structure to a theoretical density of a spinel is greater than 99.5%. A method of manufacturing a ceramic article includes providing a green body; heating the green body to a sintering temperature; compressing the green body; applying a electrical pulse to the green body; and forming a ceramic body including a spinel (MgAl2O4) structure after heating, compressing and applying the electrical pulse to the green body.

Abstract: A class of multiphase rubidium titanate functional ceramic materials is provided in this disclosure, the composition of which comprises phases of rubidium n-titanates with chemical formula of Rb2TinO2n+1, that of titanium dioxide with chemical formula of TiO2, and a small amount of optional dopant for the purpose of further improving or adjusting performance of the materials. The said materials are obtained by mixing the sources of rubidium, titanium and optional dopant to get a highly active fine-powdery precursor, and then by making heat-treatment in air of the precursor. The said materials possess unusual electrical and electrochemical properties, such as colossal permittivity up to the order of 109 at room temperature accompanied by relatively low dielectric loss, excellent insulativity accompanied by high ionic conductivity up to 10?3 S/cm, have a broad application prospect in the fields like rechargeable high energy density storage devices, semiconductor devices and catalytic purification.

Abstract: The present invention provides a zirconia pre-sintered body having excellent machinability and having a low probability of pillar fracture or chipping during milling. A method of production of such a zirconia pre-sintered body is also provided. The present invention relates to a zirconia pre-sintered body comprising zirconia, and a stabilizer capable of reducing a phase transformation of zirconia, the content of the stabilizer being 3 to 8 mol % relative to the total mole of the zirconia and the stabilizer, at least a part of the stabilizer being not dissolved in zirconia as a solid solution, and the zirconia pre-sintered body having a Vickers hardness of 65 to 135 HV 5/30 as measured in compliance with JIS Z 2244:2009.

Abstract: A thermal spray material that exhibits improved thermal conductivity and solid particle erosion resistance is provided for thermal barrier coatings. The thermal spray material forms a thermally stable coating when thermally sprayed. The coating includes at least one phase that exhibits improved thermal conductivity and at least one phase that exhibits improved solid particle erosion resistance.

Abstract: Sintered technical ceramic based on zirconia ZrO2, characterised in that it comprises: —less than or equal to 3.6 wt % and greater than or equal to 2.5 wt % of yttrium oxide Y2O3; —at least one complementary component from hafnium oxide HfO2, alumina Al2O3, and magnesium oxide MgO; —at least one additional element from Fe, Ni, Cr, Zn, Co, Mn, Cu, Ti, Ta, W, Pt, the weight proportion of said at least one additional element being greater than or equal to 0.1 wt %, or greater than or equal to 0.5 wt %, or greater than or equal to 1 wt %, or greater than or equal to 1.5 wt %.

Abstract: A shaped thermal energy storage ceramic and its method of preparation including milling refractory waste exhibiting a diameter of 1 mm or less to form powder, sieving the powder to retain the powder having a particle size below 250 um, combining with a binder as clay or polymer, and water to form at least one of an extrudable paste and a granulated mixture, forming a green body from at least one of an extrudable paste and a granulated mixture, drying the green body, firing the green body to form the ceramic product at a temperature in the range of 1000 deg C. to 1400 deg C. for a time period in the range of 0.5 hours to 12 hours, and cooling the ceramic product.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing composite electroceramics comprises obtaining sintered electroceramic waste material. The waste material is grinded to obtain first ceramic powder having a particle size of 10-400 micron. The first ceramic powder is mixed with NaCl, Li2MoO4 or other ceramic powder having a particle size of 0.5-20 micron, in a ratio of 60-90 vol-% said first ceramic powder and 10-40 vol-% NaCl, Li2MoO4 or other ceramic powder. The obtained ceramic powder mixture is mixed with aqueous solution of NaCl, Li2MoO4 or said other ceramic, in a ratio of 70-90 wt-% the ceramic powder mixture, and 10-30 wt-% the aqueous solution. The obtained homogeneous mass is compressed in a mould for 2-10 min in room temperature and in a pressure of 100-400 MPa. The compressed homogeneous mass is removed from the mould, thereby obtaining electroceramic composite material. Alternatively to the use of the water soluble salt an organometallic precursor compound can be used.

Abstract: Methods of producing cured CO2 sequestering solid compositions, e.g., precipitate or aggregate compositions, are provided. Aspects of the methods include preparing an initial CO2 sequestering solid composition, and then contacting the initial composition with a curing liquid sufficient to produce a cured CO2 sequestering solid composition. Also provided are systems for performing the methods and cured CO2 sequestering solid compositions produced therefrom.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a coating includes providing a ceramic matrix composite that includes SiC fibers disposed in a SiC matrix, depositing a base slurry on the ceramic matrix composite, wherein the base slurry contains powders of a metal oxide, at least one of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, or free silicon, and barium-magnesium-aluminosilicate in a first carrier fluid, drying the deposited base slurry to produce a base green layer, depositing a transition slurry on the base green layer, wherein the transition slurry contains powders of a metal oxide, at least one of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, or free silicon, at least one of zirconium carbide, zirconium nitride, or zirconium oxide, and barium-magnesium-aluminosilicate in a second carrier fluid, drying the deposited transition slurry to produce a transition green layer, and forming a consolidated coating on the ceramic matrix composite by heating the base green layer and the at least one transition green layer to cause chemical reactions that conv

Abstract: A doped substrate having a substrate comprising at least one of a glass material, a single crystal material, a poly-crystalline material, a ceramic material, or a semiconductor material. The doped substrate includes a dopant comprising one or more transition metals, one or more rare earth elements, or a combination of both, the doped substrate characterized in that a spectral laser output of the doped substrate exhibits a nominally single frequency having a linewidth less than about 5 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of increasing nitrogen fixation in a non-leguminous plant. The methods can comprise exposing the plant to a plurality of bacteria. Each member of the plurality comprises one or more genetic variations introduced into one or more genes or non-coding polynucleotides of the bacteria's nitrogen fixation or assimilation genetic regulatory network, such that the bacteria are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen in the presence of exogenous nitrogen. The bacteria are not intergeneric microorganisms. Additionally, the bacteria, in planta, produce 1% or more of the fixed nitrogen in the plant.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to non-toxic smoke-producing compositions for producing colored smoke. In particular, the smoke-producing compositions are free from organic dyes from the family of anthraquinones (or derivatives). The smoke-producing compositions can be used to prepare pyrotechnic devices suitable for use in the military and civilian fields.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to non-toxic smoke-producing compositions for producing colored smoke. In particular, the smoke-producing compositions are free from chlorinated compounds and organic dyes from the family of anthraquinones (or derivatives). The smoke-producing compositions can be used to produce pyrotechnic devices suitable for use in the military and civilian fields.

Abstract: Fischer-Tropsch processes for converting syngas produces linear alpha olefins at high yield and selectivity in the presence of supported nano-particle catalyst compositions and/or metal carbide/nitride-containing catalyst compositions.