Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the selective hydrogenation of polyunsaturated compounds containing at least two carbon atoms per molecule in the presence of a catalyst comprising an active phase made from at least one group VIII metal and a support in the form of a ceramic or metal foam, the catalyst having a geometric surface area of between 1000 and 7000 m2/m3 and a pore diameter of between 0.2 and 1.5 mm.

Abstract: The present technology provides processes for improving the performance of downstream oil conversion. Thus it provides, among others, processes for improving the yield of liquid hydrocarbons from a thermal conversion process. The processes include contacting a hydrocarbon feedstock with an effective amount of sodium metal and an effective amount of exogenous capping agent at a temperature of 250-500° C., to produce a mixture of sodium salts and a converted feedstock. The hydrocarbon feedstock may comprise hydrocarbons with a sulfur content of at least 0.5 wt %, an asphaltene content of at least 1 wt % and micro carbon residue content of at least 5 wt %. The converted feedstock may comprise hydrocarbons with a sulfur content less than that in the hydrocarbon feedstock, a micro carbon residue content less than that in the hydrocarbon feedstock and an asphaltene content less than that in the hydrocarbon feedstock.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a continuous refining method and device for treating waste plastic pyrolysis oil by introducing the oil into a first reactor and allowing an isodewaxing reaction to proceed at a first temperature in the presence of a weak acid site catalyst to form a first product; introducing the first product into a second reactor and hydrotreating the first product at a second temperature in the presence of a hydrotreating catalyst to allow a dechlorination reaction to proceed to form a second product; and introducing the second product into a third reactor and hydrotreating the second product at a third temperature in the presence of a hydrotreating catalyst to allow a denitrification reaction to form a third product, which can minimize process problems, improve operational stability, reduce impurities such as chlorine and metal, and provide internal isomers to improve the flow point and low temperature fluidity.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for manufacturing bio-based hydrocarbons, such as bio-propylene and optionally bio-gasoline, and to a bio-propylene composition, a bio-gasoline component and to a method of producing a (co)polymer composition. The process can include hydrotreating an oxygen-containing bio-based feedstock, followed by gas-liquid separation and optionally fractionation, to provide a hydrotreated bio-based hydrocarbon feed containing less than 1 wt.-% of gaseous compounds (NTP), providing a catalytic cracking feed containing the hydrotreated bio-based hydrocarbon feed; catalytically cracking the catalytic cracking feed in a catalytic cracking reactor at a temperature of at least 450° C. using a moving solid catalyst to obtain a cracking effluent; and recovering from the cracking effluent a fraction rich in bio-propylene.

Abstract: An integrated process for upgrading a hydrocarbon oil feed stream utilizing a gasification unit and steam enhanced catalytic cracker includes solvent deasphalting the hydrocarbon oil stream to form at least a deasphalted oil stream and heavy residual hydrocarbons, the heavy residual hydrocarbons including at least asphaltenes; processing the heavy residual hydrocarbons in a gasification unit to form syngas and gasification residue; hydrotreating the deasphalted oil stream to form a light C5+ hydrocarbon stream, and a heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the light C5+ hydrocarbon stream to form a light steam enhanced catalytically cracked product stream including olefins, benzene, toluene, xylene, naphtha, or combinations thereof; and steam enhanced catalytically cracking the heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream to form a heavy steam enhanced catalytically cracked product including olefins, benzene, toluene, xylene, naphtha, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of a petroleum feed to light olefins may comprise pretreating the petroleum feed to form one or more pretreated petroleum feeds and fractionating the one or more pretreated petroleum feeds to form a methane stream, an ethane stream, a C3-C4 stream, a light liquid fraction, and a heavy liquid fraction. The process may further comprise methane cracking the methane stream to form hydrogen, steam cracking the ethane stream to form a steam cracking product; dehydrogenating the C3-C4 stream to form a dehydrogenated stream; and steam enhanced catalytic cracking (SECC) the light liquid fraction and the heavy liquid fraction to form an SECC product.

Abstract: An integrated process for upgrading a hydrocarbon oil feed stream utilizing a delayed coker and steam enhanced catalytic cracker includes solvent deasphalting the hydrocarbon oil stream to form at least a deasphalted oil stream and heavy residual hydrocarbons, the heavy residual hydrocarbons including at least asphaltenes; delayed coking the heavy residual hydrocarbons to form petroleum coke and a delayed coker product stream; hydrotreating the delayed coker product stream and the deasphalted oil stream to form a light C5+ hydrocarbon stream, and a heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the light C5+ hydrocarbon stream to form a light steam enhanced catalytically cracked product stream including olefins, benzene, toluene, xylene, naphtha, or combinations thereof; and steam enhanced catalytically cracking the heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream to form a heavy steam enhanced catalytically cracked product including olefins, benzene, toluene, xylene, naphtha, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: An integrated process for upgrading a hydrocarbon oil feed stream includes solvent deasphalting the hydrocarbon oil stream to form at least a deasphalted oil stream and heavy residual hydrocarbons, delayed coking the heavy residual hydrocarbons to form petroleum coke and a delayed coker product stream; hydrotreating the delayed coker product stream and the deasphalted oil stream to form a C3-C4 hydrocarbon stream, a light C5+ hydrocarbon stream, and a heavy c5+ hydrocarbon stream; dehydrogenating the C3-C4 hydrocarbon stream to form propylene and butylene; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the light C5+ hydrocarbon stream to form a light steam enhanced catalytically cracked product stream including olefins, benzene, toluene, xylene, naphtha, or combinations thereof; and steam enhanced catalytically cracking the heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream to form a heavy steam enhanced catalytically cracked product including olefins, benzene, toluene, xylene, naphtha, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: In accordance with one or more embodiments herein, an integrated process for upgrading a hydrocarbon oil feed stream utilizing a delayed coker, steam enhanced catalytic cracker, and an aromatics complex includes solvent deasphalting the hydrocarbon oil stream; delayed coking the heavy residual hydrocarbons; hydrotreating the delayed coker product stream and the deasphalted oil stream to form a light C5+ hydrocarbon stream and a heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the light C5+ hydrocarbon stream; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream; passing at least a portion of the light steam enhanced catalytically cracked stream, the heavy steam enhanced catalytically cracked stream, or both to a product separator to produce a olefin product stream, a naphtha product stream, and a BTX product stream; and processing the naphtha product stream in the aromatics complex to produce benzene and xylenes.

Abstract: In accordance with one or more embodiments herein, an integrated process for upgrading a hydrocarbon oil feed stream utilizing a gasification unit, steam enhanced catalytic cracker, and an aromatics complex includes solvent deasphalting the hydrocarbon oil stream; processing the heavy residual hydrocarbons in a gasification unit to form syngas and gasification residue; hydrotreating the deasphalted oil stream to form a light C5+ hydrocarbon stream and a heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the light C5+ hydrocarbon stream; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream; passing at least a portion of the light steam enhanced catalytically cracked stream, the heavy steam enhanced catalytically cracked stream, or both to a product separator to produce a olefin product stream, a naphtha product stream, and a BTX product stream; and processing the naphtha product stream in the aromatics complex to produce benzene and xylenes.

Abstract: An integrated process for upgrading a hydrocarbon oil feed stream utilizing a delayed coker, steam enhanced catalytic cracker, and an aromatics complex includes solvent deasphalting the hydrocarbon oil stream; delayed coking the heavy residual hydrocarbons; hydrotreating the delayed coker product stream and the deasphalted oil stream to form a C3-C4 hydrocarbon stream, a light C5+ hydrocarbon stream, and a heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream; dehydrogenating the C3-C4 hydrocarbon stream to form propylene and butylene; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the light C5+ hydrocarbon stream; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream; passing at least a portion of the light steam enhanced catalytically cracked stream, the heavy steam enhanced catalytically cracked stream, or both to a product separator to produce a olefin product stream, a naphtha product stream, and a BTX product stream; and processing the naphtha product stream in the aromatics complex to produce benzene and xylenes.

Abstract: An integrated process for upgrading a hydrocarbon oil feed stream includes solvent deasphalting the hydrocarbon oil stream; processing the heavy residual hydrocarbons in a gasification unit to form syngas and gasification residue; hydrotreating the deasphalted oil stream to form a C3-C4 hydrocarbon stream, a light C5+ hydrocarbon stream, and a heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream; dehydrogenating the C3-C4 hydrocarbon stream to form propylene and butylene; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the light C5+ hydrocarbon stream; steam enhanced catalytically cracking the heavy C5+ hydrocarbon stream; passing at least a portion of the light steam enhanced catalytically cracked stream, the heavy steam enhanced catalytically cracked stream, or both to a product separator to produce a olefin product stream, a naphtha product stream, and a BTX product stream; and processing the naphtha product stream in the aromatics complex to produce benzene and xylenes.

Abstract: The CO shift unit 500 as part of the plant 1 for conversing solid waste into a product gas stream comprising hydrogen allows an energy efficient use of the low temperature heat energy in the low temperature heat recovery unit 524 to heat process water streams used in the plant 1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining solid recovered fuel and synthesis gas from a waste-based feedstock, comprising the steps of: I. converting the feedstock into a solid recovered fuel by means of a number of parameters pertaining to waste sorting, selection, comminution and/or screening; II. gasifying under suitable reaction conditions at least a portion of the solid recovered fuel to produce synthesis gas and by-product(s); and III. optionally cleaning at least a portion of the synthesis gas to produce clean synthesis gas and wastewater, wherein one or more of the solid recovered fuel, synthesis gas, and by-product(s) of the gasification are analysed during operation of the process, and wherein data from said analysis is used to control one or more parameters of step I) in order to influence reaction conditions in step II, and optionally step III).

Abstract: A working fluid filled in a refrigerant circulation system comprising a compressor, a condenser, an expansion mechanism, an evaporator, and an accumulator, the working fluid comprising: a refrigerant; and a refrigerating machine oil, wherein the refrigerant comprises a hydrocarbon refrigerant having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, the refrigerating machine oil has a mixed aniline point of 20° C. or higher and 50° C. or lower and a viscosity index of 110 or more, an amount of the refrigerant dissolved in the working fluid is 40% by mass or less under conditions of a temperature of 80° C. and an absolute pressure of 2.8 MPa, and the refrigerating machine oil has a kinematic viscosity at ?10° C. of 200 mm2/s or more and 3000 mm2/s or less.

Abstract: Compositions, systems and methods for introducing lubricants, and additives, that are designed to work with environmentally friendly refrigerants into vehicle heat management systems including passenger compartment air conditioning (A/C) systems are disclosed. Methods for charging lubricants and specific additives using environmentally desirable (low GWP) refrigerant or refrigerant blend compositions into an environmentally friendly system, such as a system that uses HFO-1234yf, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprises 50 mass % or more of an oil of lubricating viscosity and 0.1 to 25 mass % of at least one of compounds of structures (I), (II), or (III). wherein X1 and X2 are the same or different and are OH, NH2 or SH; wherein groups R1 and R2 are the same or different and are linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon groups having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least one of groups R1 and R2 has at least 4 carbon atoms; and wherein m and n are the same or different and are zero or an integer from 1 to 3 with the proviso that m and n are not both zero. The compositions are useful to ameliorate or prevent deposits in engines and provide good asphaltene dispersancy.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to a friction modifier comprising the reaction product of an organic amine and glycidol and its use in a non-aqueous lubricant composition. There is also provided a method for reducing the friction between sliding parts of an engine by contacting the engine with the non-aqueous lubricant composition.

Abstract: A lubricating oil for hybrid engine includes a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; a boron-containing compound in an amount to provide 50 to 300 ppm of boron to lubricating oil composition; an overbased calcium salicylate or a mixture of an overbased calcium sulfonate and overbased calcium salicylate individually having a total base number of greater than 150 mg KOH/g, measured by the method of ASTM D-2896, present in an amount that provides 800 ppm to 1800 ppm of calcium to the lubricating oil composition; zinc dithiophosphate (ZnDTP) in an amount to bring from 100 to 800 ppm of phosphorus to the lubricating oil composition; and a non-dispersant comb polymethacrylate (PMA) viscosity index improver (VII). The boron-containing compound includes a borated dispersant. The KV at 100° C. of the lubricating oil composition is from 6 cSt to 8.5 cSt, the KV at 40° C. of the lubricating oil composition is from 25 cSt to 35 cSt, and the VI of the lubricating oil composition is greater than 200.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning liquid for a semiconductor substrate, which is excellent in cleaning performance of organic impurities, and a cleaning method for a semiconductor substrate. The cleaning liquid for a semiconductor substrate according to the present invention is a cleaning liquid for a semiconductor substrate used for cleaning a semiconductor substrate, and includes a compound represented by Formula (A).

Abstract: An ancillary laundry composition comprising 0.25 to 10 wt. % ester oil, free perfume and 0 to 4 wt. % anionic and/or cationic surfactant. A method of laundering clothes, wherein said composition is added in the wash or rinse stage. A method of preventing colour fade over (10) laundry cycles, wherein fabrics are treated with said composition during each consecutive laundry cycle. Use of said composition to provide an improved colour maintenance or reduced colour fade over consecutive laundry cycles, preferably (10), more preferably (5) laundry cycles.

Abstract: A laundry detergent composition containing a polyalkylene oxide graft copolymer and a dye transfer inhibitor (DTI) polymer.

Abstract: A laundry detergent composition containing a graft copolymer and a perfume raw material.

Abstract: A laundry detergent composition containing two graft copolymers.

Abstract: The object is to improve the storage stability of a liquid washing or cleaning agent comprising a protease and lipase with regard to lipolytic activity. This is achieved through the use of a protease comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 80% identical to the amino acid sequence set out in SEQ ID NO. 1 and that has the amino acid glutamic acid (E) or aspartic acid (D) or the amino acid asparagine (N) or glutamine (Q) or the amino acid alanine (A) or glycine (G) or serine (S) at position 99 in the sequence corresponding to SEQ ID NO. 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions such as cleaning compositions comprising a mix of enzymes. The invention further relates, use of compositions comprising such enzymes in cleaning processes.

Abstract: An aqueous laundry liquid detergent comprising alkyl ether sulphate surfactant and alkyl ethoxylate surfactant, wherein either at least 10% wt. of the alkyl ether sulphate surfactant is C16 or C18 alkyl, or at least 10% wt. of the alkyl ethoxylate surfactant is C16 or C18 alkyl, from 0.01 to 3% wt. of the composition benzoate salt and wherein the composition has a pH of from 5.0 to 7.0.

Abstract: A cleansing composition includes 25% to 35% by weight of a surfactant, 1.5% to 5% by weight of a co-surfactant, 5% to 9% by weight of water; and 50% to 60% by weight of a fatty acid and soap mixture, wherein the fatty acid to soap ratio is 2.3:1 to 1.8:1. A method of making cleansing bars includes heating the cleansing composition to a temperature sufficient to provide a molten composition, cooling the molten composition to form flakes and/or chips, refining the flakes and/or chips to form billets, and stamping and/or cutting the billets to form the cleansing bars. Another method of making cleansing bars includes heating the cleansing composition to a temperature sufficient to provide a molten composition, pouring the molten composition into a mold, cooling the molten composition until the cleansing bars are formed, and removing the cleansing bars from the mold.

Abstract: A system for producing a product is disclosed. The system includes a production facility for producing a product using a chemical process involving chemical reactions, and an information processing device comprising a computer processor that simulates, using a hybrid model, the chemical reactions in the chemical process that produces the product to obtain a predicted output, wherein the hybrid model is a combination of a first-principles model and a data-driven model, determines, using an observer model, expected concentrations and levels of all substrates for the simulated process, sets derived optimal conditions for the chemical process based on the estimated concentrations and levels of all substrates, and predicts future production results based on a current status of the production facility.

Abstract: An chip for integrated tumor cell behavior experiments, which comprises a functional area I, a functional area II, a functional area III, a functional area IV and a functional area V, wherein the functional area I comprises a cell invasion 3D co-culture plate (400) for cell invasion experiments; the functional area II comprises a cell migration culture hole (500) for cell migration experiments; the functional area III comprises a cell proliferation single-cell culture hole (600) for tumor single-cell culture; the functional area IV comprises an angiogenesis 3D co-culture plate (700) for tumor-related angiogenesis experiments; and the functional area V comprises a tumor single-cell culture hole (803), a matrix glue groove (805) and a tumor cell attraction factor hole (801) connected by matrix glue for tumor single-cell migration or invasion experiments.

Abstract: A bioprocessing apparatus includes a flexible bag having an interior volume configured to contain a fluid, and an integral fluid conduit within the flexible bioprocessing bag. The integral fluid conduit includes a panel of material joined to an interior sidewall of the flexible bag so as to define a fluid channel between the interior sidewall of the flexible bag and the panel of material. The integral fluid conduit may include a bottom outlet opening, a top outlet opening, or both. The apparatus may further include a port in a top of the flexible bag, a port in the bottom of the flexible bag, or both, wherein the integral fluid conduit is fluidly connected to the ports.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems, apparatuses, and methods for forming micro-organospheres. In some variations, a system may comprise a micro-organosphere generator configured to form a set of micro-organospheres from a mixture of a biological sample and a fluid. A controller may be coupled to an imaging device. The controller may be configured to receive the imaging data corresponding to one or more of the mixture or the set of micro-organospheres, and estimate one or more characteristics of the set of micro-organospheres based at least on the imaging data.

Abstract: Disclosed herein a robust approach to monitor cell interactions with its surrounding environment in real-time in a physiologically relevant 3-D microenvironment, holding great promise for enhancing future studies of detecting and monitoring cell processes and responses to instructive cues and therapeutic agents. A microfluidic cell culture system is provided that involves a cell sensor in a 3D culture scaffold and one or more microfluidic channels fluidly connected to the 3D culture matrix. The cell sensor involves a planar nucleic acid nanostructure having a top surface and a bottom surface, a plurality sensor molecule attached to the top surface to detect at least two target molecules, and one or more membrane anchoring moieties attached to the bottom surface.

Abstract: A bioprocessing apparatus includes a housing, a process drawer receivable within the housing and moveable between a closed position and an open position, the process drawer being configured to receive at least one culture vessel therein, and a cabinet positioned in stacked vertical relation to the housing, the cabinet including at least one vertical storage drawer slidably received within the cabinet.

Abstract: A method for bioprocessing includes the steps of providing a bioprocessing system having a first bioreactor vessel and a second bioreactor vessel, activating a population of cells in the first bioreactor vessel, genetically modifying the population of cells to produce a population of genetically modified cells, and expanding the population of genetically modified cells within the first bioreactor vessel and the second bioreactor vessel.

Abstract: This disclosure describes methods and apparatuses for creating or using a fibrous cell substrate that is formed in a mold using temperature and wettability gradients and that upon which cells can be grown. The disclosed method can include utilizing a temperature gradient and a wettability gradient within a mold to form a porous cell substrate. In particular, the temperature and wettability gradients control nucleation and growth of crystals within the cell substrate solution to form parallel layers of cell substrate. The crystals can be sublimated by freeze drying and the porous cell substrate is seeded. More specifically, the disclosed method includes using pressure and an increased cell mixture viscosity to seed cells deep within the cell substrate. This disclosure also describes an apparatus for forming the structured porous cell substrate.

Abstract: The analyzing apparatus includes a unit to acquire a plurality of first images captured with first visible light in time-series during a culturing step, the plurality of first images acquired by capturing an interior of the sampling container having undergone a process of sampling microorganisms in a monitored environment, a first specifying unit to detect occurrence of a colony of the microorganisms or an existence of the colony having occurred already in the time-series from time-series variations of the plurality of the first images, and to specify a shape of the colony with its occurrence or existence being detected, a second specifying unit to specify the shape of the colony of the microorganisms from a second image acquired by capturing the interior of the sampling container with second visible light, and a unit to display a state of the colony of the microorganisms.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for scaling in bioprocess systems are disclosed. An example apparatus for bioprocess scaling includes at least one memory to store instructions, and processor circuitry to execute the instructions to identify an operating parameter of a target bioreactor, determine an upper boundary or a lower boundary defining a design space for at least one bioreactor process parameter to match at least one of a first target parameter range or a second target parameter range based on the operating parameter, simulate changes in the first target parameter range or a second target parameter range based on an adjustment to the upper boundary or the lower boundary in the design space, and configure the target bioreactor using output obtained from the adjustment to the upper boundary or the lower boundary to identify a match between the first target parameter range or the second target parameter range.

Abstract: A measurement device includes a stimulus control unit configured to cause a stimulus generation device to generate an external stimulus complying with a chemotaxis condition of an organism, an imaging unit configured to capture an image of a predetermined imaging range in which the external stimulus is generated, and a measurement unit configured to measure a target organism on the basis of the image captured by the imaging unit.

Abstract: A classifying device that classifies aggregates and includes: a plurality of metallic porous membranes respectively including: a membrane section including a first principal surface, a second principal surface, and a plurality of through-holes. Among each of the plurality of metallic porous membranes, the through-holes have mutually different dimensions, and some of the plurality of through-holes in at least a first of the plurality of metallic porous membranes are configured to have different dimensions sufficient to release pressure applied to the first of the plurality of metallic porous membranes without degrading classification accuracy of the first of the plurality of metallic porous membranes. The plurality of metallic porous membranes are arranged in series from an upstream side of a flow path through which a liquid containing the aggregates flows in a descending order of the different dimensions of the through-holes of the plurality of metallic porous membranes.

Abstract: A fiber reactor system includes a fiber slurry tank configured for receiving fiber feed containing cellulose and hemicellulose for forming a fiber slurry, which is mixed with evaporator condensate. The fiber slurry is mixed with steam vapors for sterilizing. A fiber reactor system is configured for receiving ruled fiber and mixing with microorganisms. The scrubber water is fed the top of a scrubber to capture ethanol and an ethanol-laden fiber stream is sent to a low-ethanol beer stripping system.

Abstract: Less-than-diploid I. orientalis cells are produced. The cells have at least one unpaired chromosome and may be haploid, i.e., are missing one member of each pair of chromosomes that are present in the wild-type strains. The less-than-diploid cells are useful fermentation strains, performing similarly to diploid strains that are otherwise similarly engineered. The less-than-diploid strains can be mated to produce diploids, which themselves are useful fermentation strains. The less-than-diploid strains are also useful as host strains for producing further genetically modified strains that can be less-than-diploid or mated to produce diploids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microbial cells, including but not limited to aerobic bacteria cells and anaerobic bacteria cells, as well as yeast cells, and methods for producing the cells, feed additives and compositions comprising the cells, and uses involving administration of the cells to animals.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a method for inducing Salmonella enteritidis into VBNC state by sodium hypochlorite. The disclosure relates to the field of biotechnology, including preparing culture medium, which is BHI culture medium, and the culture medium is cooled to room temperature, and sterilized by ultraviolet for 15 min. The strain to be tested is incubated in BHI at 37° C. for 24 h in a sterile environment, and the bacterial cells are collected by centrifugation, washed with 0.85% (w/v) sterile physiological saline for 3 times, and then resuspended in 0.85% (w/v) sterile physiological saline to obtain 109 CFU/mL bacterial suspension. The bacteria cells are treated with sodium hypochlorite stress and the VBNC cells are counted.

Abstract: The specification describes a composition comprising an improved eukaryotic cell culture medium, which can be used for the production of a protein of interest. TaXULne can be added to the serum-free media or chemically-defined media to incrase the production of a protein of interest. Methods for recombinantly expressing high levels of protein using the media compositions are included.

Abstract: A process for the production of a three-dimensional particulate structure embedded in a body formed of a hydrogel matrix, comprising the steps of forming a layer of a hydrogel matrix having a particulate substructure embedded therein by subjecting a suspension of particulates in a layer of a hydrogel matrix precursor to standing acoustic waves (SAWs) to spatially partition the particulates within the layer of hydrogel precursor into a particulate substructure and allowing the hydrogel precursor to solidify such as to form the layer of a hydrogel matrix having a particulate substructure embedded therein, and repeating the process until the three-dimensional particulate structure embedded in a body formed of a hydrogel matrix is formed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cellular microcompartment comprising successively, organized around a lumen, at least one layer of pluripotent cells, an extracellular matrix layer and an outer hydrogel layer. The invention also relates to processes for preparing such cellular microcompartments.

Abstract: Described herein is a method of maintaining pluripotency in a cell. The method includes in one aspect reducing a membrane potential of the cell. Also described herein is a culture medium for performing certain aspects of the method, as well as a composition in which the pluripotency of a cell is maintained by the culture medium.

Abstract: Provided herein are engineered red blood cells expressing rare blood antigen group profiles, and methods of making use the same, are described. Also provided are recombinant reagent red blood cells that express or lack the expression of at least one protein (e.g., a blood group antigen) on its surface and uses thereof.

Abstract: Provided are methods and systems for an enriched production of high-quality extracellular vesicles (EVs) from a mammalian cell. In some cases, the methods may comprise culturing the cell in a chemically-defined protein-free (CDPF) medium with the addition of a lysosome inhibitor to increase production of EVs. In some cases, the CDPF medium is supplemented with additives.