Abstract: A system and method for characterizing and identifying a plant variety based on genetic information. Plant samples are subjected to genotyping to obtain genetic information that includes a set of SNP markers. Each of the SNP markers is color-coded according to predefined rules to obtain respective color-coded blocks. The color-coded blocks are arranged by the system to form a matrix, referred to as a molecular ID. This molecular ID is used to characterize plant variety. A QR code associated with the respective molecular ID is attached to respective plant variety.

Abstract: Biomolecular sensors and methods of manufacturing these sensors are provided. An exemplary sensor has a source electrode, a drain electrode spaced apart from the source electrode by a sensor gap, a gate electrode, wherein the source, drain and gate electrodes cooperate to form an electrode circuit, a bridge bridging across said sensor gap coupling the source and drain electrodes, and a probe coupled to the bridge, wherein the probe comprises nucleic acid and interaction of the nucleic acid probe with a target nucleic acid is detectable by monitoring at least one parameter of the electrode circuit. Methods of detecting a target nucleic acid are also provided. Preferred target nucleic acids that are detected are from pathogens, such as coronavirus.

Abstract: The invention provides primer probe combinations for detecting DNA encoding Bovine parvovirus 3 (BPV-3) genomic DNA in the extracted DNA of a test sample. An internal positive control is also provided.

Abstract: A method for detecting a nucleic acid in a plurality of samples, including a) providing analyte nucleic acids from samples in separate containers, the containers are in a subset array; b) amplifying acids by reaction using primers hybridized to the acids, forward and reverse primers of the primer pair both include an adaptor sequence, a sample identifier sequence and a binding sequence; c) combining the acids of step b) of containers of subsets to a container array; d) amplifying acids by a primer extension reaction using a pair of further primers hybridized to the acids of containers of step c), the further primers include a further forward and a further reverse primer, both including an identifier sequence and a hybridization sequence; e) determining the sequences of the acids of step d); f) assigning a determined sequence of a nucleic acid of interest of step e) to a sample

Abstract: A method and device for blast furnace state monitoring based on multi-modes fusion. In the process of blast furnace state monitoring, the concept of sub-mode is introduced, and the method for pre-acquisition and multi-modes weighted fusion by sub-mode is proposed to monitor blast furnace state. After preprocessing the main parameter data of the blast furnace, several sub-modes of the blast furnace and their corresponding blast furnace state indication variable data are obtained by means of a mean shift clustering algorithm. Taking the real-time parameter data of the blast furnace as inputs, the Euclidean distance between the real-time parameter data of the blast furnace and each sub-mode is calculated, and the sub-modes are weighted and fused according to the distance, and the fusion result is the real-time blast furnace state, so as to realize the real-time state monitoring of the blast furnace in a smooth operation.

Abstract: An alternative approach to producing iron from iron concentrates produced from low grade iron ore without going through pelletization and induration. Such a method may include providing iron ore concentrate in a small particle form, passing the iron ore concentrate through a moving bed conveyor reduction furnace with at least one of hydrogen or natural gas, wherein the concentrate is present in a layer that is no more than about 5 cm thick, the hydrogen gas or natural gas reducing the concentrate so as to remove oxygen therefrom, converting the iron ore concentrate to iron that has a composition similar to direct reduced iron (DRI) or sponge iron product, having about 90-95% iron, up to about 10% oxygen, with other trace impurities. Energy consumption is reduced by 30-50% and CO2 emissions are reduced by 60-95%, depending on whether natural gas or hydrogen is used.

Abstract: Described are steel production systems and methods, and a furnace and methods of using such furnace to produce steel. In some embodiments, the furnace may include a shell having a top portion and a bottom portion. There may be a roof connected to the top portion that can have feed ports for the introduction of a metal oxide into the furnace. The shell may include injectors that can inject a fluid into the furnace. The bottom portion may be connected to a hearth. The furnace can melt the metal oxide to form a molten bath in the hearth. The molten bath may have a slag layer and a metal layer. The fluid can reduce the metal oxide in the slag layer to form molten metal.

Abstract: A high-strength galvanized steel sheet is disclosed which has a specified chemical composition, has a steel microstructure including, in terms of area fraction, 35% or more and 80% or less of ferrite, 0.1% or more and less than 5.0% of as-quenched martensite, 3.0% or more and 35% or less of tempered martensite, and 8% or more of retained austenite, in which an average grain diameter of the ferrite is 6 ?m or less, in which an average grain diameter of the retained austenite is 3 ?m or less, in which a value calculated by dividing an average Mn content (mass %) in the retained austenite by an average Mn content (mass %) in the ferrite is 1.5 or more.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present invention, an extremely thick steel plate for steam drum having excellent surface quality and lamellar tear resistance and a manufacturing method therefor may be provided.

Abstract: Provided is a hot press-formed member having excellent crack propagation resistance and ductility. The hot press-formed member includes: a base steel sheet and a zinc or zinc alloy plating layer on at least one surface of the base steel sheet. The base steel sheet contains, by wt %, carbon (C): 0.08-0.30%, silicon (Si): 0.01-2.0%, manganese (Mn): 3.1-8.0%, aluminum (Al): 0.001-0.5%, phosphorus (P): 0.001-0.05%, sulfur (S): 0.0001-0.02%, nitrogen (N): 0.02% or less, and a balance of iron (Fe) and other impurities. The hot press-formed member comprises 1-30 area % of retained austenite as a microstructure, and a Mn(wt %)/Zn(wt %) content ratio in an oxide layer of 0.5-1.2 ?m in a thickness direction from a surface layer of the plating layer is 0.1 or more.

Abstract: A high strength low alloy steel sheet product produced by a continuous strip process. The sheet product comprises from 0.045 to 0.06 weight percent Carbon, from 0.75 to 1.2 weight percent Manganese, from 0.02 to 0.04 weight percent Aluminum, and from 0.075 to 0.12% weight percent Titanium and an Fe balance. The steel sheet product has been subjected to cold rolling and batch annealing to form a steel sheet product having a yield strength of at least 500 MPa, a substantially ferritic microstructure with nano TiC precipitates and a hole expansion ratio of at least 60%.

Abstract: Provided is a steel sheet having excellent workability while ensuring excellent strength. The steel sheet comprises: a predetermined chemical composition; and a steel microstructure that contains ferrite: 45% to 90%, martensite: 5% to 30%, bainite: 1% to 25%, and retained austenite: 3% or more and in which [Mn]M/[Mn] is 1.00 to 1.15 and [Mn]M/[Mn]F is 1.00 to 1.30, wherein TS×El is 16000 MPa·% or more.

Abstract: Provided is a method for stably producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with excellent magnetic properties by effectively purifying inhibitors. The method for producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes using a steel slab containing a predetermined amount of at least one of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, and Ta, and applying an annealing separator, in which 1 part by mass to 10 parts by mass of a metal compound is added with respect to 100 parts by mass of MgO, on the steel sheet surface with a ratio of particles with a particle size of 1 ?m or more in the metal compound being 0.0010 particles/?m2 or less.

Abstract: Provided is a high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having excellent ductility and formability. The hot-dip galvanized steel sheet contains, by wt %, 0.06 to 0.16% of carbon (C), 0.8% or less (excluding 0%) of silicon (Si), 2.1 to 2.7% of manganese (Mn), 0.4% or less (excluding 0%) of molybdenum (Mo), 1% or less (excluding 0%) of chromium (Cr), 0.1% or less (excluding 0%) of phosphorus (P), 0.02% or less of sulfur (S), 1% or less (excluding 0%) of aluminum (sol.Al), 0.001 to 0.04% of titanium (Ti), 0.001 to 0.04% of niobium (Nb), 0.01% or less (excluding 0%) of nitrogen (N), 0.01% or less of boron (B), 0.05% or less of antimony (Sb), and a balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: Provided is a plated steel sheet having excellent surface quality, as well as having excellent formability while also having high strength characteristics; and a method for manufacturing same. The plated steel sheet includes: base iron; and a plating layer provided on at least one surface of the base iron. The base iron includes by weight: 0.002 to 0.01% of carbon (C), 0.1% or less of silicon (Si), 0.4 to 1.0% of manganese (Mn), 0.04 to 0.1% of phosphorus (P), 0.01% or less of sulfur (S), 0.005% or less of nitrogen (N), 0.1% or less of aluminum (S·Al), 0.005 to 0.03% of titanium (Ti), 0.01 to 0.05% of niobium (Nb), 0.06 to 0.1% of copper (Cu), 0.0015% or less of boron (B), a content of molybdenum (Mo). The base iron includes ferrite as a matrix structure.

Abstract: Provided are a high-strength steel sheet having excellent bendability and formability, and a method for manufacturing same. The steel sheet includes: 0.05 to 0.12% of carbon (C), 2.0 to 3.0% of manganese (Mn), 0.5% or less (excluding 0%) of silicon (Si), 1.0% or less (excluding 0%) of chromium (Cr), 0.1% or less (excluding 0%) of niobium (Nb), 0.1% or less (excluding 0%) of titanium (Ti), 0.0025% or less (excluding 0%) of boron (B), 0.02 to 0.05% of aluminum (sol.Al), 0.05% or less (excluding 0%) of phosphorus (P), 0.01% or less (excluding 0%) of sulfur (S), 0.01% or less (excluding 0%) of nitrogen (N), with a balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and 35 to 50% of ferrite and 35 to 45% of bainite, and a balance of martensite, the ferrite comprising, by area fraction: 8 to 15% of non-recrystallized ferrite and 27 to 35% of recrystallized ferrite, as a microstructure.

Abstract: A steel sheet for porcelain enamel according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises 0.0005 to 0.0030 wt % of C, 0.15 to 0.55 wt % of Mn, to 0.03 wt % of S, 0.0001 to 0.002 wt % of Al, 0.001 to 0.020 wt % of P, 0.001 to 0.030 wt % of S, 0.02 to 0.06 wt % of Cu, 0.005 to 0.012 wt % of N, 0.05 to 0.20 wt % of Cr, and 0.03 to 0.06 wt % of O, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities. A cold-rolled steel sheet for porcelain enamel according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises an oxide layer that extends inward from the surface, wherein the thickness of the oxide layer is 0.006-0.030 ?m.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a steel sheet, in a device including a pre-heating section, a heating section having a maximal heating rate and a soaking section including a calibrating step, a recrystallization annealing and a soaking and a coating step. The calibration step permits to define a lower dew point permitting to achieve a predefined quality target.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-strength hot-dipped galvanized steel sheet having excellent surface quality and spot weldability and a method for manufacturing same. The hot-dipped galvanized steel sheet according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a base steel sheet and a hot-dipped galvanized layer formed on the surface of the base steel sheet, in which an inhibiting layer made of an Fe—Al alloy can be formed at an area ratio of 60% or more between the base steel sheet and the hot-dipped galvanized layer.

Abstract: A non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes, by wt %: 2.5 to 3.8% of Si, 0.1 to 1.5% of Al, 0.1 to 2.0% of Mn, 0.01 to 0.15% of Cr, and a balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the non-oriented electrical steel sheet satisfies the following Expression 1. [Cr]>([Al]+[Mn])/[Si]/10??[Expression 1] (In Expression 1, [Cr], [Al], [Mn], and [Si] represent contents (wt %) of Cr, Al, Mn, and Si, respectively.

Abstract: Method for reducing unevenness in a strip subjected to cooling by spraying of liquid, or a mixture of gas and liquid, along a cooling zone of a continuous heat treatment one, the cooling intensity being adjusted in the direction of travel of the strip so as to achieve a relative position between the Leidenfrost temperature and at least one temperature at which the metallurgical structure changes such that said cooling intensity minimizes the internal stresses of the strip, and device for implementing the method.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a thermally treated steel sheet is described. The method includes: A. preparation step containing: 1) a selection substep, wherein: a. mtarget and a chemical composition are compared to a list of predefined products, whose microstructure contains predefined phases and predefined proportion of phases, and a product having a microstructure mstandard closest to mtarget and TPstandard is selected, including at least a heating, a soaking and a cooling steps, to obtain mstandard, b. a heating path, a soaking path including a soaking temperature Tsoaking, a power cooling of the cooling system and a cooling temperature Tcooling are selected based on TPstandard and 2) a calculation substep, wherein through variation of the cooling power, new cooling paths CPx are calculated based on the product selected in step A.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method comprising determining an ore map for a heap to identify a location of a recoverable metal value in the heap, delivering a leaching solution from a leaching solution source to a leaching solution regulating system, regulating at least one of a pressure, a mass flow rate, or a volumetric flow rate of the leaching solution to achieve a first target operational condition, wherein the first target operational condition is selected to optimize a set of operational parameters to maximize recovery of the recoverable metal value, delivering the leaching solution at the first target operational condition from the leaching solution regulating system to a subsurface leaching distribution system, and delivering the leaching solution at the first target operational condition from the subsurface leaching distribution system to the location of the recoverable metal value under a surface of the heap to leach and recover at least one metal value.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method comprising determining an ore map for a heap to identify a location of a recoverable metal-bearing material in the heap, wherein the metal-bearing material comprises iron and at least one other metal value, delivering a leaching solution from a leaching solution source to a leaching solution regulating system, wherein the leaching solution comprises an effective amount of citric acid and hydrogen peroxide, regulating at least one of a pressure, a mass flow rate, or a volumetric flow rate of the leaching solution to achieve a target operational condition, wherein the target operational condition is selected to optimize a set of operational parameters to maximize recovery of the at least one other metal value, delivering the leaching solution at the target operational condition from the leaching solution regulating system to the subsurface leaching distribution system, and delivering the leaching solution at the target operational condition from the subsurface leaching d

Abstract: A method for recovering lithium from a lithium precipitation mother liquor, the method using the following cycle steps including adsorption, displacement, desorption and transformation: a. mounting a lithium-sodium separation resin in a resin column, and adding the lithium precipitation mother liquor to the resin column for adsorption, wherein the adsorption rate can reach 90% or more; b. after adsorption, washing the resin with water, displacing the resin with a lithium-salt-containing solution to wash out residual sodium from the resin; c. after displacement, desorbing the resin by means of an acid solution to obtain a solution with a high lithium content and a low sodium content, which solution has passed desorption criteria; and d. after desorption, carrying out reverse transformation on the resin by means of a transformation solution in order to ensure that no bubbles appear and then reduce the adsorption effect during the adsorption process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the extraction of lithium from liquid resources such as natural and synthetic brines, leachate solutions from clays and minerals, and recycled products with the assistance of an alternate phase.

Abstract: Disclosed are a cobalt-tungsten alloy and a method of fabricating the same. More particularly, cobalt-tungsten alloy nanowires according to an embodiment are formed using an electroplating method, a grain structure of the cobalt-tungsten alloy nanowires is controlled according to the content of tungsten, and the electrical resistivity of the cobalt-tungsten alloy nanowires can be reduced through annealing.

Abstract: Systems of weldable wires, powder, and materials comprising an aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy, and methods for additive manufacturing the alloy are described. The alloy can be utilized in additive manufacturing to additively manufacture at industrial scales. With post treatment, the additive manufactured alloys can have advantageous properties for aerospace applications.

Abstract: A method for the manufacturing of an object. The method includes receiving a desired alloy composition for the object, depositing a plurality of foils in a stack to form the object, applying heat to the stack at a first temperature to bond the plurality of foils to each other, and applying heat to the stack at a second temperature to homogenize the composition of the stack. The homogenized stack has the desired alloy composition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are magnesium alloys and methods of making and use thereof. For example, disclosed herein are magnesium alloys comprising: from 0 to 1.5 wt. % Zn; from 0 to 1.5 wt. % Al; less than 0.2 wt. % Ca; from 0.2 to 0.4 wt. % Ce; from 0.1 to 0.8 wt. % Mn; and the balance comprising Mg. In some examples, the magnesium alloy comprises less than 1 wt. % Zn. In some examples, the magnesium alloy comprises less than 1 wt. % Al. In some examples, the magnesium alloy exhibits substantially no incipient melting when extruded with a ram speed of from 1.00 to 10.00 ipm. In some examples, the magnesium alloy is substantially free of a Mg2Ca phase, an AlCaMg phase, an Al2Ca phase, a Ca2Mg6Zn3 phase, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the magnesium alloy is substantially free of a Mg2Ca phase.

Abstract: A coated cutting tool has a CVD coated and a substrate of a cemented carbide, wherein the metallic binder in the cemented carbide includes Ni. The CVD coating has an inner layer of TiN and a subsequent layer of TiCN. The C-activity relative to graphite in the metallic binder is lower than 0.15 and an average d electron value of the metallic binder is 7.00-7.43, wherein an interface between the substrate and the inner TiN layer is free of Ti-containing intermetallic phase.

Abstract: A sintered body and cutting tool, the sintered body (2) including: a first hard particle (10) containing TiCN; a second hard particle (20) containing (Ti, M) (C, N); a third hard particle (30) including a core portion (31) containing TiCN, and a peripheral portion (32) enclosing the core portion (31) and containing (Ti, M) (C, N) each as main components; a particle (40) containing at least one of Al, Zr, and Si; and a binding phase (50) containing at least one of Co and Ni and at least one of Re and Ru, and has a thickness of not greater than 5 nm. The third hard particle (30) has, in the core portion (31), a particle (33) containing at least one selected from Co, Ni, Re, and Ru, and has a dislocation (34) in each of the core portion (31) and the peripheral portion (32).

Abstract: An alloy consisting of titanium, zirconium, cobalt, and nickel, and its fabrication.

Abstract: Along with higher performance of products, materials are also required to achieve both a high strength and favorable magnetic properties according to applications of products. Therefore, the present invention provides an Fe—Co-based alloy bar which enables both a high strength and favorable magnetic properties to be achieved. An Fe—Co-based alloy bar contains 30% to 80% of crystal grains having a grain orientation spread (GOS) value of 0.5° or more in terms of an area ratio, and having an average crystal grain size number of more than 8.5 and 12.0 or less. The Fe—Co-based alloy bar of the present invention has a high 0.2% yield strength after magnetic annealing so that it can support various high-strength applications.

Abstract: Provided is a steel sheet that may be used for automobile parts and the like, and to a steel sheet having an excellent balance of strength and ductility, an excellent balance of strength and hole expansion ratio, and an excellent yield ratio evaluation index, and a method for manufacturing the same. The steel sheet includes: by wt %, C: 0.1 to 0.25%, Si: 0.01 to 1.5%, Mn: 1.0 to 4.0%, Al: 0.01 to 1.5%, P: 0.15% or less, S: 0.03% or less, N: 0.03% or less, B: 0.0005 to 0.005%, a balance of Fe, and unavoidable impurities; and as microstructures, bainite, tempered martensite, fresh martensite, retained austenite and unavoidable structures.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a 6xxx-series aluminum alloy sheet for an inner panel of a hood, and a preparation method and use thereof. The aluminum alloy sheet includes the following compositions in percentage by weight: 0.75%-0.95% of Si, 0.15%-0.35% of Mg, 0.2%-0.4% of Fe, 0.05%-0.2% of Mn, 0.06%-0.2% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.15% of Cu, and less than or equal to 0.15% of inevitable impurities in total amount, where each inevitable impurity is less than or equal to 0.05%, the balance is Al, and an atomic ratio of Mg to Si is (0.18-0.54):1. The sheet has high formability hood. After baking, the sheet has low yield strength on the premise of maintaining strength slightly exceeding strength requirement of a support structure, and further has a low strain rate sensitivity coefficient, satisfying the pedestrian protection requirement. The aluminum alloy sheet is conducive to recycle and remanufacture.

Abstract: Fe-based alloy and alloy powder obtainable therefrom according to one aspect of the present invention comprise iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and niobium (Nb), and, may contain, relative to 100 wt % of iron, 17.22-58.23 wt % chromium, 1.2-26.1 wt % molybdenum, and 0.12-6.22 wt % niobium.

Abstract: Disclosed is a ferritic stainless steel with reduced grain boundary erosion. A ferritic stainless steel with reduced grain boundary erosion according to an embodiment includes, in percent by weight (wt %), 0.005 to 0.1% of C, 0.01 to 1.0% of Si, 0.01 to 1.5% of Mn, 13 to 18% of Cr, 0.005 to 0.1% of N, 0.005 to 0.2% of Al, 0.005 to 0.1% of Ni, 0.003% or less of Mo, 0.05% or less of P, 0.005% or less of S, and the remainder being Fe and impurities, and satisfies an Acl, defined by Formula (1) below, of 900 or more and 990 or less: Ac1=36Cr+90Si+76Mo+760Al+350?(800C+1300N+150Ni+50Mn)??Formula (1): (wherein C, N, Si, Mn, Cr, Ni, Al, Mn, and Mo represent a content (wt %) of each element).

Abstract: Provided is a steel powder for a hot work tool, suitable for additive manufacturing. A stacked shaped article produced by the powder can satisfy both high heat conducting properties and hardness. An Fe-based alloy powder consisting of, in mass %, 0.40<C<0.70, Si<0.60, Mn<0.90, Cr<4.00, Ni<2.00, 0.90<Mo<1.20, W<2.00, V<0.60, and Al<0.10, and the balance consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein the Fe-based alloy powder satisfies formulae (1) and (2): K1>21.7 (1); K2>29.0 (2), and wherein the Fe-based alloy powder has an average particle size D50 of 200 ?m or less.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are duplex stainless steel alloys comprising 40 wt %-60 wt % ferrite and 60 wt %-40 wt % austenite and methods of formation thereof, the alloys including or consisting essentially of from 10 wt % to 20 wt % chromium (Cr); from 6 wt % to 13 wt % molybdenum (Mo); from 0.5 wt % to 6.5 wt % nickel (Ni); from 2.25 wt % to 12 wt % manganese (Mn); from 0.05 wt % to 5 wt % copper (Cu); from 0.05 wt % to 0.4 wt % nitrogen (N); from 0.05 wt % to 0.35 wt % carbon (C); from 0.01 wt % to 3.5 wt % cobalt (Co); less than 2 wt % silicon (Si); less than 2 wt % tungsten (W); and iron (Fe) balance. The duplex stainless steel alloy may include cast or wrought steel, or it may be in powder form.

Abstract: An apparatus for pumping molten metal includes a transport conduit and a gas conduit. The transport conduit includes an inlet portion and an exit portion. The inlet portion defines an inlet port. The exit portion defines an exit diameter and an exit port. The inlet port is in communication with the exit portion to communicate molten metal from the inlet port to the exit port. The gas conduit defines a gas delivery conduit. The gas delivery conduit is in communication with the exit portion and defines a gas delivery diameter. A ratio of the gas delivery diameter to the exit diameter is 0.5 or more.

Abstract: Provided is a galvannealed steel sheet having excellent powdering resistance, and a manufacturing method therefor. The galvannealed steel sheet includes: base iron; and an alloying hot-dip galvanized layer provided on the surface thereof. The base iron includes, by weight %; 0.003 to 0.009% of carbon (C); 0.05% or less of silicon (Si); 0.4 to 1.0% of manganese (Mn); 0.04 to 0.09% of phosphorus (P); 0.01% or less of sulfur (S); 0.005% or less of nitrogen (N); 0.1% or less of aluminum (S.Al); 0.05 to 0.08% of molybdenum (Mo); 0.005 to 0.03% of titanium (Ti); 0.02 to 0.045% of niobium (Nb); 0.06 to 0.1% of copper (Cu); 0.0015% or less of boron (B), and a balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. An average thickness of a gamma (?) phase present at an interface between the base iron and the alloying hot-dip galvanized layer is 0.20 ?m or less.

Abstract: An Al—Zn—Si—Mg alloy coated strip that has Mg2Si particles in the coating microstructure is disclosed. The distribution of Mg2Si particles is such that a surface region of the coating has only a small proportion of Mg2Si particles or is at least substantially free of any Mg2Si particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pre-coated steel sheet with aluminum or aluminum alloy pre-coating, manufacturing method and hot stamped components. In the present invention, the method for manufacturing a pre-coated steel sheet with aluminum or aluminum alloy pre-coating relates to the situation of 0.10%?C0?0.30%, the dew point of the mixed atmosphere is controlled in the range of ?40˜?15° C. As for the situation of 0.30%<C0?0.50%, the dew point of the mixed atmosphere is controlled in the range of ?36˜?12° C. The present invention also discloses a pre-coated steel sheet with aluminum or aluminum alloy pre-coating obtained by the method and a hot stamping components obtained by the pre-coated steel sheet. The improved toughness and VDA peak force are achieved for the hot stamping components and then the collision safety of hot stamping components is elevated.

Abstract: Provided is an aluminum coated steel sheet having excellent anti-corrosion properties and weldability, and a manufacturing method thereof. The aluminum coated steel sheet includes: an austenitic base steel sheet including at least 70 area % of an austenite microstructure; and an aluminum coating layer formed on the base steel sheet, wherein the base steel sheet includes at least 80 area % of ferrite in a surface layer portion, which denotes a region extending from the interface with the coating layer to a depth of 100 ?m into the base steel sheet, and the aluminum coating layer may have a composition comprising 2-12 wt % of Si, 5-30 wt % of Zn, and 0.1-5 wt % of Mn, with the balance being Al and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a yttrium-fluoride-based sprayed coating that has a Vickers hardness of 350 or higher, includes a YF3 crystal phase having an orthorhombic crystal system, and does not include a YF3 crystal phase having a crystal system other than an orthorhombic crystal system is produced by plasma-spraying a spray powder that includes a YF3 crystal phase having an orthorhombic crystal system and does not include a YF3 crystal phase having a crystal system other than an orthorhombic crystal system. In the present invention, it is possible to provide a yttrium-fluoride-based sprayed coating that has a high coating hardness and is such that the amount of particles generated upon exposure to a halogen-based gas plasma is low, and such a sprayed coating is exceptional as a sprayed coating formed on a member for a semiconductor-producing device that is used in a semiconductor production step.

Abstract: Methods for making layered materials and layered materials including high atomic number metals and metal alloys adhered to surfaces are provided. Such surfaces may be oxygen or hydroxyl rich surfaces. Certain methods include depositing a tie down layer of a first metal or metal alloy particles onto a first surface of base material and depositing a high atomic number metal or metal alloy layer onto the first surface after depositing the tie down layer, wherein particles comprising the high atomic number metal or metal alloy layer have a higher atomic number than the first metal or metal alloy particles.

Abstract: A mask-support assembly and a producing method thereof are provided. The mask-support assembly, which is used in a process of forming organic light-emitting diode (OLED) pixels on a semiconductor wafer, includes: a support comprising an edge portion and a grid portion; and a mask connected onto the support and comprising a plurality of cell portions in each of which a mask pattern is formed.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a display device includes a mask assembly, and a deposition source including a deposition part that supplies deposition material to the mask assembly. The deposition part includes a deposition frame including an inner space, a crucible disposed in the inner space of the deposition frame to be withdrawn from the deposition frame and accommodating the deposition material, a nozzle connected to the crucible and that sprays the deposition material accommodated in the crucible, a first heating portion disposed in the inner space of the deposition frame and that heats the deposition material accommodated in the crucible, and a second heating portion being movable between a first position at which the nozzle is heated and a second position at which a withdrawal space so that the crucible is withdrawn from the deposition frame.

Abstract: A deposition device includes a magnet portion including a plurality of magnets, and a substrate support that supports a substrate and faces the magnet portion. The substrate support includes a plurality of holes, and each of the plurality of holes is disposed on the substrate support corresponding to a space between corresponding adjacent ones of the plurality of magnets.