Abstract: An apparatus, a method and a computer program product for defect detection in work pieces is disclosed. At least one light source is provided and the light source generates an illumination light of a wavelength range at which the work piece is transparent. A camera images the light from at least one face of the work piece on a detector of the camera by means of a lens. A stage is used for moving the work piece and for imaging the at least one face of the semiconductor device completely with the camera. The computer program product is disposed on a non-transitory, computer readable medium for defect detection in work pieces. A computer is used to execute the various process steps and to control the various means of the apparatus.

Abstract: The integrity of transmission-line voltage measurements in a digital-electricity power system in the presence of line-voltage disturbances during a sample period is ensured via detection or prevention by (a) acquiring at least three measurements of transmission-line voltage, performing numerical analysis on the measurements to produce a polynomial function, and estimating accuracy of the polynomial function based on magnitude of variance of the individual measurements; (b) applying a negative or positive bias to the transmission line during the sample period and acquiring voltage measurements to determine a rate of voltage change with the bias applied; (c) shifting a start time of a first sample period on a first transmission line in reference to a second sample period on a second transmission line to reduce overlap of sample periods across both transmission lines; and/or (d) synchronizing start times of respective sample periods on first and second transmission lines.

Abstract: Insulation monitoring may be provided by a signal generation unit for applying a pulse signal to an electric line; a signal measurement unit for measuring the voltage of an applied pulse signal from the ground, when the pulse signal is applied to the ground through insulation resistance; an average voltage calculation unit for calculating the average voltage of the voltages measured during a period depending on sampling intervals; and a control unit for calculating the sampling intervals on the basis of an initial sampling interval and a preset time multiple, calculating the average voltage during the sampling period according to the calculated sampling intervals, and, according to whether the difference between calculated first and second average voltages measured before the first average voltage is within a first error range, detecting the first average voltage as a normal voltage, or calculating the sampling intervals by applying different time multiples thereto.

Abstract: Provided is a method for determining insulation thermomechanical deterioration of a VPI wire rod of a pumped storage power generator motor. The method includes: periodically performing a cold-heat cycling test on a wire rod, and performing an insulation dielectric dissipation factor testing and a result interpretation of the insulation dielectric dissipation factor testing before and after each period to obtain corresponding data; in response to determining the interpretation result as the data being qualified, continuing to perform the cold-heat cycling test; and in response to determining the interpretation result as the data being unqualified, striking the wire rod with a copper hammer, and using an acoustic acquisition and analysis system to perform signal processing to determine spectral characteristics in a thermomechanical deterioration state as a deterioration criterion.

Abstract: This disclosure is related to arranging micro devices in the donor substrate by either patterning or population so that there is no interfering with non-receiving pads and the non-interfering area in the donor substrate is maximized. This enables the transfer of micro devices to a receiver substrate with fewer steps.

Abstract: A receiving device includes a reception unit that samples a sample signal from a DUT 2; an FFT processing unit 21 that performs an FFT process by multiplying the sample signal by a window function; an FFT length setting unit 34 that, when the signal length of the signal to be measured is shorter than the first FFT length conforming to the communication standard, instead of the first FFT length, sets a second FFT length shorter than the signal length of the signal to be measured, as an FFT length of the FFT process; and a window function setting unit 35 that, when the signal length of the signal to be measured is shorter than the first FFT length, instead of a first window function, sets an asymmetric second window function having a peak separated from a center of a window section, as the window function.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application provide a testing equipment and a testing method. The testing equipment includes: a plurality of pad groups and a plurality of source measure units. Each of the pad groups has a stress pad. The stress pad is configured to connect an element under test. The source measure unit is configured to send an input signal to the element under test through the stress pad and measure an output signal of the element under test to acquire performance parameters of the element under test. The stress pads of at least two of the pad groups are connected to the corresponding source measure units at the same time. The embodiments of the present application help improve the testing efficiency.

Abstract: An elevator unit for transferring a tray includes a tray guide block on which a tray is seated, a wrapping connector driving member configured to elevate and lower the tray guide block, a fixed fastener connected to the tray guide block, and a corrective fastener connected to the wrapping connector driving member and configured to rotatably coupled to the fixed fastening member.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) test engine generates N-cycle at-speed test patterns for testing for candidate faults and/or defects of a first set of transition faults and/or defects of an IC design. A diagnostics engine that receives test result data characterizing application of the N-cycle at-speed test patterns to a fabricated IC chip based on the IC design by an ATE, in which the test result data includes a set of miscompare values characterizing a difference between an expected result and a result measured by the ATE for a given N-cycle at-speed test pattern. The diagnostics engine employs a fault simulator to fault-simulate the N-cycle at-speed test patterns against a fault model that includes a first set of transition faults and/or defects and fault-simulate a subset of the N-cycle at-speed test patterns against a fault model that includes multicycle transition faults and/or defects utilizing sim-shifting.

Abstract: An integrated circuit with a through-silicon via (TSV) fault-tolerant circuit, a TSV fault tolerance method are disclosed. The IC may include a plurality of operational TSVs, a spare TSV, a plurality of fault-tolerance control modules each coupled to one of the plurality of operational TSVs and the spare TSV, and a decoder coupled to the fault-tolerance control modules. The fault-tolerance control modules may be configured to deactivate an operational TSV that is determined to be defective and activate the spare TSV based on a positioning code for the defective operational TSV from the decoder. The IC may reduce the defect rate in the fabrication of TSV-based three-dimensional (3D) IC chips.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes first and second chips in a package. A first pad is on the first chip and electrically connected to a node between a power supply pad and a ground pad on the first chip. Second and third pads are on the second chip. An internal wiring connects the first pad to the second pad within the package. A power circuit on the semiconductor chip configured to supply a current to the second pad. A switch is on the second chip between the second pad and the power supply circuit to connect or disconnect the second pad from the power circuit. A control circuit is on the second chip and configured to output a first signal for the switch in response to a test signal supplied to the third pad and a second signal to the power circuit to cause the power circuit to output current.

Abstract: Systems and methods of debugging a design under test for metastability issues using formal verification. In one aspect, the method includes determining, by a server, that a functionality of the DUT failed an assertion; generating, by the server, a plurality of first waveforms for a plurality of clock domain crossing (CDC) pairs that are in a cone of influence of the assertion; applying, by the server, a constraint including a condition to the plurality of waveforms; and generating, by the server, one or more second waveforms for a first subset of the plurality of CDC pairs, wherein the first subset of the CDC pairs satisfied the condition.

Abstract: A processing system includes: main and shadow processing cores configured to operate in lockstep based on a core clock. The main processing core includes a main processing core and a main debug circuit. The shadow processing core includes a shadow functional core and a shadow debug circuit. A redundancy checker circuit is configured to assert an alarm signal when a discrepancy between outputs from the main and shadow functional cores is detected. A debug bus synchronizer circuit is configured to receive input debug data in synchrony with a debug clock, and provide synchronized debug data in synchrony with the core clock to a debug bus based on the input debug data, where the main and shadow debug circuits are configured to receive the synchronized debug data in synchrony with the core clock from the debug bus, and where the debug clock is asynchronous with respect to the core clock.

Abstract: A multicycle path circuit capable of operating at a functional mode and an at-speed test mode. The multicycle path circuit includes an on-chip controller configured to receive an on-chip clock signal and modulate the on-chip clock signal to provide a first clock signal to a first circuit and a second clock signal to a second circuit. The first clock signal and the second clock signal are in a multicycle phase relationship. The on-chip controller is configured to ensure the clock paths to and from the second circuit to be the same for the functional mode and the at-speed test mode and therefore to avoid hold and setup timing conflict between these modes.

Abstract: Example embodiments are disclosed of systems and methods for predicting failure probabilities of future product tests of a testing sequence based on outcomes of prior tests. Predictions are made by a machine-learning-based model (MLM) trained with a set of test-result sequence records (TRSRs) including test values and pass/fail indicators (PRIs) of completed tests. Within training epochs over the set, iterations are carried out over each TRSR. Each iteration involves sub-iterations carried out successively over test results of the TRSR. Each sub-iteration involves (i) inputting to the MLM values of a given test and those of tests earlier in the sequence while masking those later in the sequence, (ii) computing probabilities of test failures for the masked tests found later in the sequence than the given test, and (iii) applying the PFIs of test results later in the sequence than the given test as ground-truths to update parameters of the MLM.

Abstract: A joint test action group transmission system includes a host terminal and a slave terminal. The slave terminal includes a test access port (TAP) circuit, an internal memory, and a memory interface controller. The TAP circuit includes a test data register set. The memory interface controller stores the data received from the TAP circuit to the internal memory. The host terminal transmits a set of download instruction bits to the TAP circuit to have the TAP circuit select the test data register set, and have the TAP circuit enter a data shift status to receive a data package through the test data register set. During the process of receiving the data package, the TAP circuit remains in the data shift status to receive the address and at least one piece of data stored in the data package continuously.

Abstract: An example of the present disclosure provides a protective relay inspection device including: a connection unit connected to a protective relay; and an inspection unit which, upon receiving a relay setting-providing signal including relay setting information for the protective relay via the connection unit, processes an inspection of a relay function of the protective relay on the basis of the relay setting-providing signal. Here, the inspection unit includes: a plan generation unit which generates inspection plan information for an automatic inspection function on the basis of the relay setting-providing signal; and an inspection processing unit which inspects the relay function of the protective relay on the basis of the inspection plan information.

Abstract: Provided is an inspection device for a rotating electric machine, including: a storage unit configured to store tendency information indicating a relationship among a position of damage that occurs in an inspection target portion being a range to be inspected of a rotor included in a rotating electric machine, a scale of the damage, and an amount of deformation that occurs in a measurement target portion set on an outer surface of the rotor; a measurement unit configured to measure the amount of deformation that has occurred in the measurement target portion; and a damage estimating unit configured to estimate the position and the scale of the damage that has occurred in the measurement target portion based on the tendency information and the amount of deformation in the measurement target portion, which has been measured by the measurement unit.

Abstract: An integrated MSD connector test device including: a housing; an MSD connector housed in the housing and having a first polarity contact and a second polarity contact, wherein the second polarity contact includes two contact portions separated from each other; a cable extending at least partially outside of the housing, two ends of the cable being electrically connected to the two contact portions respectively; and a first polarity port and a second polarity port accessible from outside of the housing, the first polarity port being electrically connected to the first polarity contact, and the second polarity port being electrically connected to one of the contact portions, wherein the first polarity is a positive or negative, and correspondingly, the second polarity is a negative or positive.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring an internet-of-things (IoT) battery device (IBD). An example IBD includes a radio transceiver to communicate with an IoT charging device (ICD), a battery, and a battery monitor to determine a state of charge for the battery. An alerter is included to send an alert message to the ICD, via the radio transceiver, to indicate that the SoCh is less than an alert threshold.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AA alkaline battery. The primary AA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes potassium hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?. The separator has a porosity of greater than 70%.

Abstract: An assembled battery monitoring device in the present disclosure includes: an excitation signal processor generates a excitation signal by processing an in-phase signal of an orthogonal reference signal generated by a signal generator; a current exciter generates an excitation current based on the excitation signal according to voltage signals, and energizes a battery cell; and an impedance measurer measures an AC impedance of the battery cell based on the excitation current measured by the current measurer and a voltage of the battery cell measured by the voltage measurer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a determination device relating to a plurality of batteries connected in series is provided. The determination device includes a processor. The processor determines a deterioration variance among the batteries, based on first voltage data indicative of a maximum voltage which is greatest among voltages of the batteries in each of measurements in a plurality of periods in charge or discharge of the batteries, and second voltage data indicative of a minimum voltage which is least among the voltages of the batteries in each of the measurements in the periods.

Abstract: A method for determining a State of Health (SoH) of a power source of a portable device involves extracting a start voltage value of an examined power source; activating one or more hardware components of the portable device by a software, to increase the current consumption of the device, identifying a voltage drop rate of the examined power source and comparing a calculated voltage drop rate to pre-calculated threshold values stored on a database of a main server. A system for executing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for determining a state value of a traction battery of an electric vehicle characterises the ageing state, preferably an SoH value. The traction battery is charged or discharged by a test load and a respective output voltage and load current value pair is acquired. An ohmic internal resistance is established on the basis of the acquired value pair. The state value is established on the basis of the established ohmic internal resistance. At least one normalisation variable characterizing the traction battery is established. On the basis of the established ohmic internal resistance and the normalisation variable, a normalised internal resistance based on a reference value of the normalisation variable is established. The state value is established on the basis of the normalised internal resistance. A diagnostics device has an evaluation unit which is directly or indirectly couplable to the traction battery and carries out the method.

Abstract: A method of operating a control device includes performing an open load test or a current leakage test. The open load test includes activating a first current and then a second current and sensing with the first current and the second current activated, respectively, a first voltage drop and a second voltage drop between charge distribution pins and charge sensing pins of the control device. Respective differences are calculated between the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop sensed with the first current and the second current activated, respectively. These differences are compared with respective thresholds and an open circuit condition is declared as a result of the differences calculated reaching these thresholds.

Abstract: Technical solutions are described for diagnosing an input power supply providing power to a motor. A method includes: generating a sinusoidal stimulus signal; applying, using the input power supply, the sinusoidal stimulus signal to the motor; measuring a response to the sinusoidal stimulus signal; determining a degraded condition of the input power supply based on the response to the sinusoidal stimulus signal; and performing an action in response to determining the degraded condition of the input power supply.

Abstract: A method and device for power supply mapping detection, and medium include the following operations. A voltage value of a power supply signal is obtained according to the power supply signal currently received by a function module; it is detected whether the voltage value of the power supply signal matches a standard voltage value corresponding to the function module; and responsive to the voltage value of the power supply signal not matching the standard voltage value corresponding to the function module, it is determined that a connection error occurs in a power supply connection of the function module.

Abstract: A semiconductor device with contact check circuitry is provided. The semiconductor device includes a plurality of pads, an internal circuit, and a contact check circuit. The plurality of pads includes a first pad and a second pad. The internal circuit is coupled to the plurality of pads. The contact check circuit, at least coupled to the first pad and the second pad, is used for checking, when the semiconductor device is under test, contact connections to the first pad and the second pad to generate a check result signal according to comparison of a first test signal and a second test signal received from the first pad and the second pad with at least one reference signal.

Abstract: A fuse monitoring system for monitoring a fuse is provided. The system includes a fuse monitoring assembly and a fuse monitoring computing device. The fuse monitoring assembly includes at least one sensor configured to measure fuse data associated with the fuse, the fuse data including operational data of the fuse and environmental data of an environment in which the fuse locates, the environmental data including shock and vibrations. The fuse monitoring assembly also includes at least one processor configured to transmit the fuse data to a remote computing device. The fuse monitoring computing device is positioned remotely from the fuse monitoring assembly, the fuse monitoring computing device including at least one processor in communication with at least one memory device. The fuse monitoring computing device is programmed to receive, from the fuse monitoring assembly, the fuse data, analyze the fuse data, and generate a fuse message based on the analysis.

Abstract: Improved magnetic resonance imaging systems, methods and software are described including a low field strength main magnet, a gradient coil assembly, an RF coil system, and a control system configured for the acquisition and processing of magnetic resonance imaging data from a patient while utilizing a sparse sampling imaging technique.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor includes a magnetic field sensing element to generate a magnetic field signal indicative of a sensed magnetic field, a modulator to modulate the magnetic field signal at a chopping frequency, a front end amplifier coupled to receive the magnetic field signal and generate an amplified signal, and a demodulator configured to demodulate the amplified signal at the chopping frequency. The sensor further includes a low pass filter to process the amplified signal and generate a low pass filtered signal and a Schmitt trigger circuit. The Schmitt trigger circuit includes a comparator having a first input coupled to receive the low pass filtered signal, a second input coupled to receive a reference signal, and an output at which a comparator output signal is provided. The comparator is configured to perform a plurality of comparisons within a chopping time period that is the inverse of the chopping frequency.

Abstract: A magnetic sensing system includes a sensor and three magnets. The sensor is located within an appliance housing, the appliance having three moving components. The first magnet is disposed in a first orientation adjacent the first moving component, with the position of the first magnet changing in concert with movement of the first moving component. The second magnet is disposed in a second orientation adjacent the second moving component, with the position of the second magnet changing in concert with movement of the second moving component. The third magnet is disposed in a third orientation adjacent the third moving component, with the position of the third magnet changing in concert with movement of the third moving component. The sensor detects displacement of the first moving component, the second moving component, or the third moving component.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments are directed to magnetoresistive sensors and corresponding fabrication methods for magnetoresistive sensors. One example of a magnetoresistive sensor includes a layer stack, wherein the layer stack includes a reference layer having a fixed reference magnetization, wherein the fixed reference magnetization has a first magnetic orientation. The layer stack furthermore includes a magnetically free system of a plurality of layers, wherein the magnetically free system has a magnetically free magnetization, wherein the magnetically free magnetization is variable in the presence of an external magnetic field, and wherein the magnetically free magnetization has a second magnetic orientation in a ground state. The magnetically free system has two ferromagnetic layers and an interlayer, wherein the interlayer is arranged between the two ferromagnetic layers and includes magnesium oxide.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes a substrate including a top surface; an insulating layer disposed on the substrate, the insulating layer including first and second inclined surfaces each inclined with respect to the top surface of the substrate; and an MR element. The MR element is disposed on the first inclined surface or the second inclined surface. The MR element includes a first side surface including a first portion and a second portion, the first portion and the second portion having different angles with respect to the first inclined surface or the second inclined surface.

Abstract: A microwave resonator magnetic field measuring device (1) for measuring alternating magnetic fields, with a base plate (11) having at least one supporting/bearing/clamping point (111), at least one mechanical oscillator (12+13) formed as a microwave resonator in the form of a cantilever (13) having at least one magnetostrictive layer (12), the latter being connected and mounted at at least one point to the base plate (11) in the at least one supporting/bearing/clamping point (111), at least one input coupling means (161) for microwaves and at least one output coupling means (162) for microwaves, wherein the base plate (11) and the mechanical oscillator (12+13) formed as a microwave resonator are at least partly electrically conductive and electrically conductively connected to one another. Also, a magnetic field measuring method having a magnetic field measuring device according to the invention.

Abstract: A transition metal dichalcogenides device includes a substrate, a bottom layer of boron nitride, a tungsten diselenide monolayer on the bottom layer of boron nitride, a top layer of boron nitride on the tungsten diselenide monolayer such that the bottom and top layers of boron nitride at least partially encapsulate the tungsten diselenide monolayer, a source electrode on the substrate, a drain electrode on the substrate, and a top gate electrode on the top layer of boron nitride. The tungsten diselenide monolayer is configured to reveal excitons when at least one of a K valley and a K? valley of the tungsten diselenide monolayer is exposed to excitation photon energy and an external magnetic field. The excitons are giant valley-polarized Rydberg excitons in excited states ranging from 2s to 11s when the external magnetic field is in the range of about ?17 T to about 17 T.

Abstract: Apparatus for operating MRI is disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a control for operating an MRI scanner to carry out an MRI scan; an input for receiving first and second MRI scans respectively at the beginning and end of a predetermined time interval post contrast administration; a subtraction map former for forming a subtraction map from the first and the second MRI scans by analyzing the scans to distinguish between a population in which contrast clearance from the tissue is slower than contrast accumulation, and a population in which clearance is faster than accumulation; and an output to provide an indication of distribution of the populations. The control is configured to carry out the first scan at least five minutes and no more than twenty minutes post contrast administration and to carry out the second scan such that the predetermined time period is at least twenty minutes.

Abstract: Systems for a magnetic resonance antenna, an MR local coil, a magnetic resonance device, and a method of producing a magnetic resonance antenna. The magnetic resonance antenna includes at least one wire structure. The at least one wire structure is shaped such that an electrical voltage may be induced in the at least one wire structure by a magnetic resonance signal. The magnetic resonance antenna also includes at least one accommodating body in which the at least one wire structure is embedded, for example completely.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a system and associated method for whole-blade acquisition and phase correction for fast and robust MR imaging are disclosed herein. In particular, the system enables sampling of odd and even k-space echoes in the same k-space as well as a whole-blade phase correction strategy to achieve improved image quality at an accelerated imaging rate.

Abstract: Distortion generated in an image is effectively corrected in imaging using an EPI sequence such as DWI without extending an imaging time. After one excitation RF pulse of EPI is applied, a navigator scan in which the polarity of the phase encoding is opposite to that of the main scan is performed continuously to the main scan, and the distortion of the image by using the navigator scan data obtained by the navigator scan is corrected. In a case of multi-shot, phase information obtained from the navigator scan data for each shot is used to perform phase correction and multi-shot reconstruction on the main scan data of each shot.

Abstract: A frequency characteristic measurement apparatus includes a calibration circuit configured to perform a SOLT calibration on cable end surfaces, a first measurement circuit measuring S-parameters of a first substrate provided with a DUT, after the SOLT calibration by the calibration circuit, a second measurement circuit measuring S-parameters of a second substrate after the SOLT calibration by the calibration circuit, and an extraction circuit performing a vector operation of a measurement result of the first measurement circuit and a measurement result of the second measurement circuit to extract S-parameters of the DUT. The extraction circuit assumes that a reflection of each of first second fixtures obtained by virtually dividing the second substrate into two parts at the center, on an end surface of the second substrate is equal to or smaller than a reflection on an end surface of the second substrate without the virtual division at the center.

Abstract: A signal processing apparatus that performs signal processing on a Doppler spectrum derived from a reception signal of a reflected wave of pulsed undulation repeatedly transmitted into a space removes a topographic echo spectrum from the Doppler spectrum and extracts a plurality of candidate points of a target echo spectrum from the Doppler spectrum from which the topographic echo spectrum has been removed. Furthermore, the signal processing apparatus determines positional relation between the candidate points and a plurality of removed points of the topographic echo spectrum removed from the Doppler spectrum and extracts as an interpolation point, a point where the target echo spectrum is missing by removal of the topographic echo spectrum based on positional relation between the candidate points and the removed points in a direction of a frequency axis.

Abstract: An object-detecting device includes a first detector, an object tracker, a second detector, and an axial misalignment determiner. The first detector detects a distance between a moving body and an object and an orientation of the object relative to the moving body based on detection information acquired from detection sensors including a search wave sensor that searches a detection region with a search wave. The object tracker tracks the same object passing through a different detection region based on the detection information. The second detector detects at least either one of a height of the object or a lateral distance of the object as object information based on the detection information.

Abstract: A nonlinear radar system includes a handheld unit including a display screen, a first antenna configured to generate and emit an incident signal having a first frequency, and a second antenna configured to receive a reflected return harmonic signal having a second frequency, as well as a transponder tag is attached to an existing golf ball. Such a transponder tag is in communication with and responsive to the handheld unit, and includes an electromagnetic nonlinear element configured to be detected by the incident signal without the need for a line of sight. Upon being detected by the incident signal, the transponder tag is configured to transmit the reflected return harmonic signal having the second frequency different from the first frequency. The transponder tag is passive and does not require a power source other than incident radiation.

Abstract: An electronic device and an operation method of the electronic device for transceiving data through ultra-wideband (UWB) in a wireless communication system are provided. The operation method includes broadcasting or multicasting, by the electronic device, a ranging start message including first data; receiving, by the electronic device from another electronic device, a ranging response message including second data; and broadcasting or multicasting, by the electronic device, a ranging final message including third data.

Abstract: A measurement device (200) includes a measurement unit (202) which performs measurement by emitting electromagnetic waves and scanning an object with the electromagnetic waves, and a control unit (204) which controls the measurement unit (202). The measurement unit (202) is operable in a first scan mode in which the object is scanned in a first direction, or a second scan mode in which the object is scanned in a second direction different from the first direction. The control unit (204) determines a scan mode to be executed by the measurement unit (202).

Abstract: To provide a vehicle-mounted radar system capable of improving object detection performance depending on a situation. The vehicle-mounted radar system includes laser radars 2A to 2D that irradiate the surroundings of a vehicle 1 with a laser beam and receive light reflected by an object around the vehicle 1, and a control device 3 that controls the laser radars 2A to 2D and recognizes an object based on light reception results of the laser radars 2A to 2D. The control device 3 determines whether a laser beam of any of the laser radars 2A to 2D is blocked by the object, and thus an undetected area is created, based on a recognition result of the object. Thus, for example, when the laser beam of the laser radar 2B is blocked by another vehicle 10, and thus an undetected area 11 is created, a detection range of the laser radar 2A adjacent to the laser radar 2B is expanded so that at least a portion of the undetected area 11 is allowed to be detected.

Abstract: An air-coupled ultrasonic interferometric method is disclosed. An air-coupled ultrasonic transducer, as a probe, is placed directly facing the surface of a workpiece, and an ultrasonic wave is reflected back and forth between the ultrasonic transducer and the surface of the workpiece; the phase difference of the first echo reflected from the surface of the workpiece and reaching the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer is measured; based on the change of the ultrasonic frequency and wavelength, the measured distance is transformed into the rate of change of the acoustic phase with respect to the acoustic angular frequency, wherein the change in the acoustic angular frequency is a product obtained by multiplying 2? by the difference between the highest frequency F2 and the lowest frequency F1 within the bandwidth fB of the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer.

Abstract: Methods and systems for the efficient determination of the direction of multiple signal sources in both near and far field using hierarchical combinations of sets of raw input signals to convert spatial input to angular output. Each increasing hierarchical combination increases angular resolution, improving image quality with low computational expenditure.