Abstract: Halite scales in an oilfield brine that has a potential for halite scaling can have halite scale formation inhibited or prevented by adding an effective amount of an additive, where the additive contains at least one non-water-soluble quaternary ammonium compound and at least one organic solvent. The quaternary ammonium compound may be benzyl-alkyldimethyl ammonium chloride, where the alkyl group has from 2 to 30 carbon atoms. The organic solvent may be one or more alcohol or glycol.

Abstract: Controlled release particles may include stimuli-responsive coatings on porous particles to allow for controlled release of a material in the pores of the porous particles. For example, a composition may comprise: a porous particle; a material in pores of the porous particle; and a coating bonded to a surface of the porous particle, wherein the coating comprises a multi-urethane compound capable of reversibly converting between a condensed state and an expanded state upon exposure to a stimuli.

Abstract: Disclosed are foam precursor compositions, foamed compositions, and methods of using these foamed compositions for the stimulation of unconventional reservoirs.

Abstract: Polymer compositions and fracturing fluids derived therefrom including a mixture of cationic hydratable polymers and anionic hydratable polymers, where the polymer composition and a hydrating water composition properties are optimized to afford a similar drag reduction and hydration viscosity compared to fracturing fluids in the absence of hydratable anionic polymers at a lower cost and methods for making and using same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing proppants, including the following steps: providing red mud, providing fly ash, producing a mixture from the red mud and the fly ash so that the mixture has a first moisture content in the range of 7 to 30 wt. %, producing a granular product from the mixture, and sintering the granular product.

Abstract: A dispersion of capsules in critical or supercritical carbon dioxide is provided. The capsules include an aqueous solution encapsulated by covalent organic framework particles. Also provided is a method of making a dispersion of aqueous solution capsules. The method includes providing a medium of critical or supercritical carbon dioxide, introducing the aqueous solution into the critical or supercritical carbon dioxide medium, and introducing a covalent organic framework particle into the critical or supercritical carbon dioxide medium. Associated methods of using the disclosed dispersions in hydrocarbon-bearing formations are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are new zwitterionic compounds having a bridge moiety, an electron accepter moiety, and an electron donor moiety. The bridge moiety is covalently bonded to both the electron accepter moiety and to the electron donor moiety. The bridge moiety includes one selected from xanthene and thioxanthene, and the accepter moiety includes a pyridinium moiety, and the donor moiety includes a malononitrile moiety.

Abstract: Provided in one embodiment is a continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for polyethylene polymerization. The process comprises selecting waste plastics containing polyethylene and/or polypropylene, and passing the waste plastics through a pyrolysis reactor to thermally crack at least a portion of the polyolefin waste and produce a pyrolyzed effluent. The pyrolyzed effluent is separated into offgas, a pyrolysis oil and optionally wax comprising a naphtha/diesel and heavy fraction, and char. The pyrolysis oil and wax is passed to a refinery FCC unit from which a liquid petroleum gas C3-C5 olefin/paraffin mixture fraction is recovered. The liquid petroleum gas C3-C5 olefin/paraffin mixture fraction is passed to a refinery alkylation unit, with a propane and butane fraction recovered from the alkylation unit. The propane and butane fraction is then passed to a steam cracker for ethylene production.

Abstract: System and method for producing olefins are disclosed. The method includes using a radial flow moving bed reactor system to catalytically crack paraffins, in multiple stages with continuous catalyst regeneration, to form olefins. The system includes inter-stage heaters to facilitate increase in yield of olefins.

Abstract: Assemblies and methods to enhance control of a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processing assembly associated with a refining operation, may include supplying a hydrocarbon feedstock to one or more first processing units associated with the refining operation. The assemblies and methods also may include conditioning a hydrocarbon feedstock and unit material samples, and analyzing the samples via one or more spectroscopic analyzers. The assemblies and methods further may include prescriptively controlling, via one or more FCC process controllers based at least in part on the hydrocarbon feedstock properties and the unit material properties, the FCC processing assembly, so that the prescriptively controlling results in enhancing accuracy of target content of materials produced by the FCC processing assembly, thereby to more responsively control the FCC processing assembly to achieve material outputs that more accurately and responsively converge on target properties.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method for converting renewable energy source electricity and a hydrocarbon feedstock into a liquid fuel by providing a source of renewable electrical energy in communication with a synthesis gas generation unit and an air separation unit. Oxygen from the air separation unit and a hydrocarbon feedstock is provided to the synthesis gas generation unit, thereby causing partial oxidation reactions in the synthesis gas generation unit in a process that converts the hydrocarbon feedstock into synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is then converted into a liquid fuel.

Abstract: A process for reducing coke and coke precursor formation in supercritical water may include producing a supercritical water stream by heating and pressurizing a feed water, mixing the supercritical water stream with heated pressurized feed oil in a mixing device, to create a combined feed stream, feeding the combined feed stream into a supercritical water reactor to produce an upgraded product producing a cooled depressurized upgraded product, separating the cool depressurized product in a fractionator into a liquid hydrocarbon stream and a hydrocarbon vapor stream, condensing the hydrocarbon vapor stream with a cooling device to produce a light hydrocarbon water mixture and a separate gas product, recycling the light hydrocarbon mixture to mix with the feed water upstream of the supercritical reactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrogenolysis process wherein a hydrocarbon-based feedstock comprising aromatic compounds having at least 8 carbon atoms is treated by means of a hydrogen feed and in the presence of a catalyst, in order to convert C2+ alkyl chains of said aromatic compounds into methyl groups and to produce a hydrogenolysis effluent enriched in methyl-substituted aromatic compounds, wherein the catalyst comprises a support, comprising at least one refractory oxide, and an active phase comprising nickel and molybdenum, wherein: the nickel content being between 0.1 and 25% by weight relative to the total weight of the catalyst; the molybdenum content being between 0.1 and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the catalyst; and the catalyst comprising a molar ratio of molybdenum to nickel of between 0.2 and 0.9. The present invention also relates to said catalyst and to the process for preparing said catalyst.

Abstract: A system and process for generating, on-site, a sustained C6+C7 aromatic rich solvent stream for tar solvation within the olefin plant employing a two-fuel oil tower system receiving a hydrocarbon feed from a quench water separator drum, where the two-fuel oil tower system is configured to make a sufficient solvent stream containing C6+C7 aromatic rich hydrocarbons that is recycled and mixed with quench water going to the quench water separator drum to assist in removing tar molecules out of the quench water.

Abstract: Methods and systems for purifying a caustic fluid including sulfur are provided.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for refining pyrolysis oil in which a dechlorination reaction is performed under a first hydrotreating catalyst. Hydrogen chloride as a by-product is removed, and then a denitrification reaction is performed under a second hydrotreating catalyst, thereby preventing production of an ammonium salt (NH4Cl), and providing refined oil. It is excellent in prevention of corrosion of a reactor, improvement of durability, occurrence of differential pressure, process efficiency, has very low contents of impurities such as chlorine, nitrogen, and metal and olefin, and has excellent quality.

Abstract: A method of processing a hydrocarbon feed may comprise fractionating the hydrocarbon feed into a light stream, a middle stream and a heavy stream; hydrotreating the heavy stream to form a hydrotreated heavy stream; feeding the light stream to a first Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) reaction zone; feeding the middle stream to a second FCC reaction zone; and feeding the hydrotreated heavy stream to a third Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) reaction zone. The light stream may comprise hydrocarbons boiling at less than 200° C. The middle stream may comprise hydrocarbons boiling at from 200° C. to 370° C. The heavy stream may comprise hydrocarbons boiling at greater than greater than 370° C. Each of the first and second FCC reaction zones may operate under more severe operating conditions than the third FCC reaction zone.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a pyro gasifyer apparatus and method that may be used in a pyro-gasification system. According to an example embodiment, a loading unit may receive waste and a pyro gasifier unit may receive the waste and convert it into purified syngas through a two-stage process using exhaust gas and a gasifying agent. An engine may receive the purified syngas and generate the exhaust gas, such that a gasifying unit may generate the gasifying agent using energy provided by the exhaust gas. A control unit may monitor and control the amount of the purified syngas, the exhaust gas, and the gasifying agent.

Abstract: A method and process arrangement for producing hydrocarbons from polymer-based waste in which the polymer-based waste is gasified with steam at low temperature in a gasifier for forming a product mixture, and the temperature is 640-750° C., and the product mixture is supplied from the gasifier to a recovery unit of the hydrocarbons for separating at least one hydrocarbon fraction.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a useful product from carbonaceous feedstock of fluctuating compositional characteristics, the process comprising the steps of: continuously providing the carbonaceous feedstock of fluctuating compositional characteristics to a gasification zone; gasifying the carbonaceous feedstock in the gasification zone to obtain raw synthesis gas; sequentially removing ammoniacal, sulphurous and carbon dioxide impurities from the raw synthesis gas to form desulphurised gas and recovering carbon dioxide in substantially pure form; converting at least a portion of the desulphurised synthesis gas to a useful product. Despite having selected a more energy intensive sub-process i.e. physical absorption for removal of acid gas impurities, the overall power requirement of the facility is lower on account of lower steam requirements and thereby leading to a decrease in the carbon intensity score for the facility.

Abstract: Fuel oil compositions, and methods for blending such fuel oil compositions, to enhance initial compatibility and longer term stability when such fuel oil compositions are blended to meet IMO 2020 low sulfur fuel oil requirements (ISO 8217). In one or more embodiments, asphaltenic resid base stocks are blended with high aromatic slurry oil to facilitate initial compatibility such that low sulfur cutter stocks, e.g., vacuum gas oil and/or cycle oil, may be further blended therein to cut sulfur content while maintaining longer term stability. These fuel oil compositions are economically advantageous when used as marine low sulfur fuel oils because greater concentrations of high viscosity resids are present in the final blend.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates a system, including: a stripping column configured to separate hydrogen sulfide from natural gas liquids (NGL), the following fluidly connected to the stripping column: a first condensate input line, a second condensate input line, a condensate stripper feed line, a feed drum, an overhead gas product line, a bottoms product NGL line, a slip stream NGL line, a reboiler return line, and an external stripping gas line, wherein a portion of the slip stream NGL line is combined with the external stripping gas line and fed to the stripping column in a stripping gas feed line that is fluidly connected to the stripping column.

Abstract: Helix shaped fire tinder, and fire tinder integration into a corkscrew to provide an easy secure carrying and readily available storage solution for the user. An apparatus for manufacturing a helix shaped fire tinder. A process including a means of making a fully waterproof helix shaped tinder.

Abstract: Fuel briquettes based on carbon-containing materials, such as fuel briquettes for household use for heating of living and housekeeping spaces, glass-covered and film-covered greenhouses, especially in those geographic regions where no natural fuels like firewood, coal or turf are available. The fuel briquettes may also be used in chimney fireplaces, portable stoves, boilers, grills and braziers, for heating of railway carriages and accommodation cabins for labor and military personnel. A new binder, namely, Sosnowsky's hogweed, is used, providing environmental improvement and termination of weed infestation of fertile soils due to expansion of Sosnowsky's hogweed. The technical effects are attained by a fuel briquette containing a premix of ground carbon-containing filler and a biomass of ground plants of Sosnowsky's hogweed (e.g., entire plants including leaves, stems, roots and umbels) used as a binder. The briquette is compressed to remove liquid content and then dried.

Abstract: A tribological system, comprising a main body and a sandwich lubrication, in which the sandwich lubrication includes a binder-free solid lubricant layer comprising a solid lubricant, and a lubricant layer comprising a lubricant. The binder-free solid lubricant layer and the lubricant layer are present as separate layers on the main body and wherein the mass ratio of solid lubricant to lubricant is at most 0.05:1.

Abstract: A fullerene-containing lubricating oil composition including a base oil and fullerene, wherein the fullerene is dissolved, and the concentration is 1 ppm by mass or more and less than 50 ppm by mass.

Abstract: Use of a guanidinium-based ionic liquid as detergent in a lubricant composition, notably for lubricating marine engines. A lubricant composition including a guanidinium-based ionic liquid.

Abstract: An object is to provide a viscosity index improver composition that is capable of properly regulating the HTHS viscosity in the effective temperature range of a lubricating oil composition to a lower range, and a lubricating oil composition containing the viscosity index improver composition, and the viscosity index improver composition contains a comb-shaped polymer (A) containing a structural unit derived from a macromonomer (?) and a structural unit derived from a particular monomer (A1), the macromonomer (?) having a (meth)acryloyl group at one end, and having a structural unit derived from a monomer (?1) selected from butadiene and hydrogenated butadiene.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a non-aqueous secondary battery includes the steps of preparing a case main body, preparing a lid, applying a lubricant to a contact location, and assembling a lid to an open end of the case main body. In the step of preparing a lid, a lid to be fitted to the open end of the case main body is prepared. In the step of applying a lubricant, the lubricant is applied to at least a portion of the contact location at which the case main body and the lid are in contact with each other. In the step of assembling the lid to the open end, the lid is assembled to the open end with the lubricant having been applied to the contact location. The lubricant may be a solvent used in a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for non-aqueous secondary batteries.

Abstract: A transmission fluid composition contains a major amount of a lubricating oil basestock, and a minor amount of an additive package comprising: (i) a mixture comprising two or more phosphites and/or phosphates; (ii) one or more thioester compounds; (iii) a detergent comprising calcium salicylate; and (iv) a poly(alkylene amine)-based ashless dispersant endcapped with metallocene-catalyzed PAO arms. Such a transmission fluid may be used for controlling/reducing wear in at least partially electrically-powered transmissions and/or for cooling/insulating electrical/electronic components of at least partially electrically-powered drivetrains.

Abstract: Lubricant composition, in particular a cooling lubricant solution, based on ionic and/or organoelemental compounds.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning liquid that effectively removes in a short time organic residues and abrasive grains derived from a slurry in a semiconductor substrate in which a Co contact plug and/or Co wiring are present. The present invention relates to a cleaning liquid composition for cleaning a substrate having a Co contact plug and/or Co wiring, which contains one or more reducing agents and water. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a cleaning liquid composition for cleaning a substrate having Co and not having Cu, which contains one or more reducing agents and water and has a pH of 3 or more and less than 12.

Abstract: In general, the invention provides high pH cleaning compositions for dielectric surfaces such as PETEOS, SiO2, thermal oxide, silicon nitride, silicon, etc. The compositions of the invention afford superior surface wetting, dispersion of particles and organic residues, and prevents redeposition and re-agglomeration of the dispersed residue during cleaning to afford superior cleaning and low defectivity.

Abstract: A composition is provided for hard surface cleaning and odor removal. Performance characteristics such as high odor removal and hard surface cleaning performance are achieved using a zinc ricinoleate-based odor neutralizer coupled with a polymeric ester based hard surface cleaning agent. The composition may be formulated for use in a trigger bottle, aerosol, or wipe applications.

Abstract: Consumer and industrial 2-in-1 cleaning compositions providing both detergency and rinseability in a single cleaning composition are disclosed. Alkaline-based cleaning compositions containing a surface modification polymer and an alcohol alkoxylate nonionic surfactant, and methods of using the same provide user-friendly, solid, detergent compositions without the need for using a separate rinse aid composition.

Abstract: A fabric detergent formulation is provided. The formulation comprises a preservative system that includes one or more sorbates in an amount of from about 0.01 wt. % to about 0.8 wt. % of the fabric detergent formulation; one or more anionic surfactants, wherein the weight ratio of the anionic surfactants to the sorbates is about 10 or more; and a solvent system that includes water in an amount of from about 50 wt. % to 100 wt. % of the fabric detergent formulation. The pH of the fabric detergent formulation is about 6.5 or more.

Abstract: Treatment compositions, such as fabric care or dish care compositions, that include poly alpha-1,6-glucan ether compounds, which include poly alpha-1,6-glucans substituted with at least one positively charged organic group, the compounds being characterized by, for example, a degree of substitution of about 0.001 to about 3.0, and optionally, where about 3% or more of the backbone glucose monomer units have branches via alpha-1,2- and/or alpha-1,3-glycosidic linkages. Methods related to making and using such compositions.

Abstract: Microbiological cleaning formulations may include an aqueous solution of a microbial component comprising at least one sporogenous microbial species. The microbiological cleaning formulation may also include a nonionic surfactant. The microbiological cleaning formulations may further include additives, solvents, preservatives, stabilizers, and fragrance agents. The microbiological formulations are such that they may removes organic carcinogens from a surface of a material contaminated during firefighting-related activities or from exposure to organic carcinogens. Corresponding methods for removing organic carcinogens from a surface of a firefighting material may include applying the microbiological cleaning formulation on the surface of the firefighting material. Corresponding cleaning kits may include the microbiological cleaning formulation and an optional scrubbing element.

Abstract: Stabilized use solutions of low phosphorus, alkali metal carbonate detergents employing enzymes for cleaning compositions are disclosed. In particular, the present invention is a composition for, and method of, removing soils, preventing redeposition of protein soils and reducing foam, using stabilized enzyme cleaning compositions, namely use solutions of the same.

Abstract: Stabilized peroxide-containing compositions stabilized with urea and urea/chelator stabilizer blends are provided. The compositions are particularly suitable for, but not limited to, cleaning applications on surfaces within food and beverage industries which may require the use of materials that are acceptable for incidental food/food products/feed contact. Further, the stabilized compositions are particularly suitable for applications requiring materials that are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) or for applications where non-GRAS materials must be minimized. Methods of stabilizing peroxide-containing compositions and methods of using the compositions are also provided.

Abstract: Provided is a high-purity isopropyl alcohol in which the concentration of a C7-12 acetal compound is 100 ppb or less on a mass basis, the concentration of the acetal compound in an accelerated test involving heating for 4 hours at 80° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere is increased by a factor of 30 or less with respect to the value thereof prior to heating, and the concentration of the acetal compound is maintained at a value of 100 ppb or less on a mass basis. Also provided is a method for manufacturing said high-purity isopropyl alcohol.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention is a nested fermentation method for making a beverage, such as an alcoholic or non-alcoholic beer, a wine, or the like, the method comprising the steps of: creating a fermented wort solution, wherein creating the fermented wort solution comprises performing a first fermentation process on a first wort; creating a distilled wort, wherein creating the distilled wort comprises removing an initial portion of alcohol and an initial portion of water from the fermented wort solution; and creating a concentrated fermented wort solution, wherein creating the concentrated fermented wort solution comprises adding additional fermentation ingredients to the distilled wort and performing a second fermentation process on the additional fermentation ingredients to the distilled wort.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hop products, in particular to hop products for flavouring beer and enhancing the aroma of beers, ales and other brewed beverages. More specifically, the present invention relates to such products which are 100% hop-derived and which are readily dispersible in cold wort and beer. As a result of our research, we have determined that polar hop extracts, in particular aqueous extracts of hops, have emulsifying properties for hop oil or hop oil-based hop extract products. This has allowed us to develop hop flavouring and aroma products for beer consisting solely of natural products, without the need for artificial emulsifiers and thickening agents or solvents. Surprisingly and unexpectedly, we have found that our combinations of hop-derived constituents is readily dispersible in cold wort and in beer, even when formulated as a 100% hop-derived paste, and provides excellent hop flavour and aroma to the finished beer.

Abstract: Systems and methods for fractionating whole stillage from an ethanol production facility are provided. Whole stillage undergoes a separation of its liquid portion (thin stillage) from the solid portion (fiber cake). In some embodiments, the solids and liquids in whole stillage may be separated utilizing a screening centrifuge. The fiber cake may be dried to generate a high fiber animal feed. The thin stillage may be provided to a three-phase separator for separation into an oil emulsion, an aqueous clarified stillage, and a protein paste. The protein paste may be dried to generate a high protein animal feed with greater than about 45% protein content. The clarified thin stillage is condensed to yield a syrup with greater than around 60% solids. The oil emulsion is subjected to a pH adjustment to liberate the oil from the emulsion, which is then separated.

Abstract: Generation of energy and storage of energy for subsequent use is provided by electromethanogenesis of carbon dioxide into a fuel gas and the storage of the fuel gas for subsequent use. An electromethanogenic reactor includes an anode conductor and a cathode conductor wherein the cathode conductor includes submicron to micron scale pores. Electromethanogenesis microbes and/or enzymes are located in the micron scale pores of the cathode electrode conductor. Carbon dioxide is introduced into the electromethanogenic reactor and the electromethanogenesis microbes/enzymes and the carbon dioxide interact and produce a fuel gas. The fuel gas is stored for subsequent use, for example use in power generation.

Abstract: A body cube for culturing tissue that includes: an organ chip holder; and a body barrier chip and a first body organ chip disposed in the organ chip holder, the first body organ chip including a first cell culture chamber that receives cell culture medium and produces a first tissue in the first cell culture chamber, such that the organ chip holder receives cell culture medium and communicates the cell culture medium to the first cell culture chamber of the first body organ chip in response to rotation of the organ chip holder.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a liquid reservoir for a food waste recycling appliance. The liquid reservoir includes a reservoir body with a hollow interior and having an exterior surface bounding an interstitial space. A food waste through opening can pass through the interstitial space. The reservoir body can also include a channel on the exterior surface.

Abstract: A multilayered cell culture apparatus for the culturing of cells is disclosed. The cell culture apparatus is defined as an integral structure having a plurality of cell culture chambers in combination with tracheal space(s). The body of the apparatus has imparted therein gas permeable membranes in combination with tracheal spaces that will allow the free flow of gases between the cell culture chambers and the external environment. The flask body also includes an aperture that will allow access to the cell growth chambers by means of a needle or cannula. The size of the apparatus, and location of an optional neck and cap section, allows for its manipulation by standard automated assay equipment, further making the apparatus ideal for high throughput applications.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to a networked cell culture incubator and to methods for operating such an incubator. In one aspect, the cell culture incubator includes a network interface for communicating with a source of parameter data utilized successfully by other incubators. The incubator receives appropriate parameter data and conducts the incubation process as prescribed by the parameter data so as to provide an improved environment for cell culture growth. The incubator may share its own parameter data with the data source for use by other incubators. The incubator and data source may share other forms of data as well.

Abstract: This present invention provides means for cell harvesting and isolation to be carried out with a single apparatus. This represents a more convenient way for the processing of cells compared with known methods and represents a useful development for the manufacture of cell therapies.