Abstract: A high-resolution dual-beam counter propagating optical-tweezers instrument was designed that can measure forces at <1 pN and one nanometer distance at a temporal resolution of 25 ?s with high accuracy and precision. Using the high-resolution optical-tweezers, time-dependent conformational switching and structural rearrangements in a single-molecule of the guanine aptamer were identified that follow a modified induced-fit model, where guanine remodels multiple barriers and triggers the receptor conformation rapidly to synchronize with the elongating transcriptional machinery for controlling gene regulation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for detecting corneal dystrophy in a subject, comprising a reaction mixture, the reaction mixture comprising one or more labeled probes comprising a mutant TGFBI nucleotide sequence; the reaction mixture further comprises at least one amplification primer pair for amplifying a TGFBI gene sequence from a biological sample from the subject; and detecting one, two, three, four, five or six mutations selected from the group consisting of G623D, M502V, R124S, A546D, H572R, and H626R mutations in TGFBI gene, wherein the detecting comprises detecting the one or more mutations using the labeled detection probes. Further provided is a reaction kit comprising the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for diagnosing and treating fibrosis, especially pulmonary fibrosis, associated with mutation of the S100A13 and S100A3 genes. Methods for detecting and distinguishing the mutant forms of these genes are disclosed and ways to compensate for loss of function or aberrant function of the mutated S100A13 or S100A3 proteins are disclosed.

Abstract: The gene responsible for encoding SERT has a functional polymorphism at the 5?-regulatory promoter region, which results in two forms, long (L) and short (S). The LL-genotype is hypothesized to play a key role in the early onset of alcohol use. The present invention discloses the differences in treatment and diagnosis based on the L or short genotypes as well as on a single nucleotide polymorphism of the SERT gene, the 3? UTR SNP rs1042173. The present invention demonstrates the efficacy of using the drug ondansetron and similar drugs for treatment based on variations in the polymorphisms of the SERT gene as well as methods for diagnosing susceptibility to abuse of alcohol and other addiction-related diseases and disorders.

Abstract: A method of identifying a subject in need of therapeutic intervention to treat a disease or condi-tion or disease recurrence or disease progression comprising, isolating isomiRs or miRNAs from a sample obtained from the subject; and characterizing the isomiRs or miRNAs and their presence or absence in the sample to identify a signature, wherein when the signature is indicative of a di-agnosis of the disease then treatment of the subject is recommended.

Abstract: Described herein are biomarkers for HPV-associated pre-cancers and cancers such as cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. The RNA binding protein (RBP) and long-noncoding RNA (lnc-RNA) biomarkers can be detected and used to diagnose HPV-associated pre-cancers and cancers. In addition, early diagnosis of HPV-associated pre-cancers and cancers can facilitate therapeutic intervention in patients, particularly in the pre-cancer stage which can delay or prevent progression to cancer.

Abstract: This invention provides a kit or device for detection of prostate cancer and a method for detecting prostate cancer. This invention provides a kit or device for detection of prostate cancer comprising a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to an miRNA in a sample from a subject or a complementary strand thereof and a method for detecting prostate cancer comprising measuring the miRNA in vitro.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the identification of microorganisms from an environmental sample, and in particular to the rapid identification of Listeria spp. The methods and kits described herein provide a method of detecting Listeria spp. without the need for an enrichment step.

Abstract: A high pressure, high temperature spray cooling system for heat transfer. The system includes: a supply tank having a heater and a high pressure pump; and a spray chamber spaced apart from the supply tank. The spray chamber has a workpiece receiving bed and a nozzle spaced apart from the workpiece receiving bed. The supply line has a first supply line end and a second supply line end. The first supply line end is connected to the supply tank and the second supply line end is connected to the nozzle so that the contents within the supply tank are supplied to the nozzle through the supply line at a high pressure to cool a workpiece on the workpiece receiving bed.

Abstract: A system configured for deformation compensation in real time during a heat treatment performed on a component. The system comprises a supporting structure; two or more clamping devices arranged with the supporting structure, one or more clamping devices including a clamp, a load cell and a motor; and a processing and control system configured to collect signals from a load cell and to send signals based on the detected loads to a motor to compensate for deformation due to the heat treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides steel compositions, methods of manufacturing the compositions and using the compositions to produce rimfire ammunition cartridges. The steel compositions are substitutes for conventional brass used in the manufacture of rimfire ammunition cartridges and, in particular, for use in .22 caliber firing devices. Also provided are methods of processing and treating the steel compositions for use in the rimfire cartridges that include cold-rolling and annealing steps to create suitable physical properties.

Abstract: A hot dip galvanized steel sheet includes a base steel sheet and a hot dip galvanized layer on at least one surface of the base metal steel sheet, wherein the base steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, and contains, by volume fraction, ferrite: 0% to 50%, retained austenite: 0% to 30%, tempered martensite: 5% or more, fresh martensite: 0% to 10%, and pearlite and cementite in total: 0% to 5%, when there are remaining structures, the remaining structures consist of bainite, a concentration of B atoms at prior austenite grain boundaries is 2.0 atm % or more, and an average effective crystal grain size is 7.0 ?m or less, and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a CHQ wire rod that has improved resistance to hydrogen delayed fracture while securing cold forging characteristics by reducing Si content and adding Mo and V, a processed product using the same, and a manufacturing method thereof. In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, a CHQ wire rod includes, in percent (%) by weight of the entire composition, C: 0.3 to 0.5%, Si: 0.1 to 0.3%, Mn: 0.5 to 1.0%, at least two or more of Cr: 0.5 to 1.5%, Mo: 0.5 to 1.5%, V: 0.01 to 0.2%, the remainder of iron (Fe) and other inevitable impurities, and the value of the following formula (1) is 3.56 or more.

Abstract: A furnace for the heat treatment of a metal product includes constitutive elements, each having a thermal inertia property determined from physical parameters. The constitutive elements include walls delimiting at least partially the furnace, a heating unit for heating the metal product, and a rapid heating element for heating the metal product. The furnace also includes a control circuit for controlling the heating unit and/or the rapid heating element, based on one or more thermal inertia properties of one or more constitutive elements of the furnace, and at least based on a ground of a constitutive element of said furnace.

Abstract: Novel methods of recovering neodymium and related rare earth elements from permanent magnets of various compositions are described. The methods employ processing steps including converting the magnet material to a higher surface area form such as a powder, treating the mixture with alkaline solutions to form product concentrated in neodymium and rare earth metals. Inexpensive materials such as ammonia, ammonium carbonate, carbon dioxide, water are recycled in a process that uses moderate temperatures, pressures and non-corrosive and environmentally-friendly chemicals.

Abstract: A system for the physical-mechanical recovery and refining of non-ferrous metals from electronic scrap, with means for the separation of the interest metals from the polymeric and resin support frames, which does not require the addition of solvents or temperature rise, for the disintegration and separation of materials, so that no toxic waste is produced for the environment.

Abstract: Provided are a method for processing titanium extraction slag and a carbon extraction and dechlorination tailing. The method comprises the following steps that a titanium extraction slag raw material is ground to obtain a treated material with a particle size being 0.3˜120 ?m and d90?90 ?m; a first solvent and a treated material are mixed with a liquid-solid ratio of (3.5˜4.

Abstract: A method of vacuum arc remelting an ingot provided in a crucible assembly having an electrode includes generating a rotating magnetic field normal to a longitudinal axis of the ingot and localized to an arc region during remelting. The rotating magnetic field interacts with a melting current to produce a rotating arc directed radially outward.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a magnesium alloy for wheels, comprising in mass percentage: Al: 2-3.0 wt. %; Zn: 0.5-1.0 wt. %; Mn: 0.3-0.5 wt. %; Ce: 0.15-0.3 wt. %; La: 0.05-0.1 wt. %, the balance is Mg. The magnesium alloy of the present invention takes Al element and Mn element as main alloying elements, supplemented by trace Ce and La elements as alloying process, and the nano-scale Mn-rich precipitated phase obtained during homogenization and the segregation of rare earth elements Ce and La at the interface and grain boundary of Mn-rich precipitated phase are used to inhibit the coarsening during extrusion and forging, so as to improve the strength and plastic deformation ability of the alloy.

Abstract: Systems and methods for developing tough hypoeutectic amorphous metal-based materials for additive manufacturing, and methods of additive manufacturing using such materials are provided. The methods use 3D printing of discrete thin layers during the assembly of bulk parts from metallic glass alloys with compositions selected to improve toughness at the expense of glass forming ability. The metallic glass alloy used in manufacturing of a bulk part is selected to have minimal glass forming ability for the per layer cooling rate afforded by the manufacturing process, and may be specially composed for high toughness.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sheet steel (1) coated with a zinc-based coating and skin-pass rolled with a deterministic surface structure (2), and to a method for producing it.

Abstract: The seamless steel pipe according to the present disclosure has a chemical composition consisting of, in mass %, C: 0.15 to 0.45%, Si: 0.05 to 1.00%, Mn: 0.01 to 1.00%, P: 0.030% or less, S: 0.0050% or less, Al: 0.005 to 0.070%, Cr: 0.30 to 1.50%, Mo: 0.25 to 2.00%, Ti: 0.002 to 0.020%, Nb: 0.002 to 0.100%, B: 0.0005 to 0.0040%, rare earth metal: 0.0001 to 0.0015%, Ca: 0.0001 to 0.0100%, N: 0.0100% or less and O: 0.0020% or less, with the balance being Fe and impurities, and satisfying Formula (1) described in the description. A predicted maximum major axis of inclusions is 150 ?m or less, the predicted maximum major axis being predicted by means of extreme value statistical processing. The yield strength is within a range of 758 to 862 MPa.

Abstract: A hot-stamped article according to the present invention has a plating layer being attached in an amount of 10 g/m2 or more and 90 g/m2 or less and having a Ni content of 10 mass % or more and 25 mass % or less with a remainder including Zn and an impurity on a surface of a base steel sheet having a predetermined chemical composition, a surface layer region includes 90.0% or more of martensite in terms of area percentage, and a concentration of Ni in a prior austenite grain boundary in the surface layer region is 5.5 mass % or more.

Abstract: Ni—Cr—Nb—P—B alloys optionally bearing Si and metallic glasses formed from said alloys are disclosed, where the alloys have a critical rod diameter of at least 5 mm and the metallic glasses demonstrate a notch toughness of at least 96 MPa m1/2.

Abstract: Exemplary methods of cooling a semiconductor component substrate may include heating the semiconductor component substrate to a temperature of greater than or about 500° C. in a chamber. The semiconductor component substrate may be or include aluminum. The methods may include delivering a gas into the chamber. The gas may be characterized by a temperature below or about 100° C. The methods may include cooling the semiconductor component substrate to a temperature below or about 200° C. in a first time period of less than or about 1 minute.

Abstract: An apparatus for localized patterned surface hardening for light-weight alloys to increase wear resistance under lubricated contact is provided. The apparatus includes a first metallic structure and a second metallic structure. The second metallic structure includes a contact surface and is disposed in lubricated contact with the first metallic structure at the contact surface, wherein the second metallic structure is constructed with a lighter-than-steel material and wherein the contact surface includes a localized surface hardened pattern.

Abstract: A novel medium heavy alloy (MHA) a composition designed and processed such that the MHA has properties comprising a tensile strength of about 1527 MPa, a proof strength of about 1337 MPa, and an impact toughness of about 180 J, when the MHA is forged, and the tensile strength of about 1746 MPa, the proof strength of about 1571 MPa, and the impact toughness of about 55 J, when the MHA is agedly treated. The superior strength-toughness is attributed to the face-centered cubic matrix and/or the nano-sized secondary phases. The superior dynamic performance is attributed to the widening of adiabatic shear bands.

Abstract: A low friction wear film includes a chromium layer provided on a surface of a metal substrate, a tungsten carbide layer provided on a surface of the chromium layer, and a diamond-like carbon layer as a top layer provided on a surface of the tungsten carbide layer. The tungsten carbide layer includes a chromium-tungsten carbide gradient layer and a tungsten carbide uniform layer. In the tungsten carbide layer, a tungsten-concentrated layer in which a tungsten simple substance is present is not provided at a boundary between the chromium-tungsten carbide gradient layer and the tungsten carbide uniform layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an alloy-coated steel sheet comprising: a steel sheet, and Al—Mg—Si—Zn alloy layer positioned on the steel sheet, wherein the Al—Mg—Si—Zn alloy layer comprises a Mg—Zn alloy phase, and wherein the Mg—Zn alloy phase comprises MgZn2 and Mg2Zn11, and the Mg—Zn alloy phase further comprises at least one of MgZn, Mg21Zn25, Mg51Zn20 and Mg2Zn3.

Abstract: A device including a chamber and a nozzle detachably connected to the chamber, the nozzle defining an aperture, a target carousel disposed within the chamber, a first laser configured to generate a first beam directed toward the target carousel to perform in-situ ablation to form a laser plume, a gas flow system configured to supply gas into the chamber, such that the gas interacts with the laser plume and causes condensation and formation of nanoparticles, and a second laser configured to generate a second beam directed through the interior of the chamber, through the aperture of the nozzle, and toward a substrate disposed outside the device, the second laser beam configured to sinter and crystalize on the substrate the nanoparticles exiting the nozzle.

Abstract: One or more heating assemblies for a material deposition apparatus for pre-heating a substrate before entering a material deposition area and/or for post-heating the substrate after exiting the material deposition area are described.

Abstract: The present disclosure enables high-resolution direct patterning of a material on a substrate by establishing and maintaining a separation between a shadow mask and a substrate based on the thickness of a plurality of standoffs. The standoffs function as a physical reference that, when in contact between the substrate and shadow mask determine the separation between them. Embodiments are described in which the standoffs are affixed to an element selected from the shadow mask, the substrate, the mask chuck, and the substrate chuck.

Abstract: A method of decreasing a sheet resistance of a transparent conductor is disclosed. The method includes the following: forming a first transparent conductor layer on a substrate; dispensing a metallic nanoparticle composition on the first transparent conductor layer to form metallic nanoparticle features; and sintering at least the first transparent conductor layer and the metallic nanoparticle features. The first transparent conductor layer includes a crystalline metal oxide. The aperture ratio of the transparent conductor is in a range of 90% to 99%. A multilayer transparent conductor and a method of forming a multilayer transparent conductor are also disclosed.

Abstract: In various aspects of the disclosure, a method of operating a process group that performs at least a first reactive coating process and a second reactive coating process may comprise: coating of a substrate by means of the first reactive coating process and by means of the second reactive coating process; closed-loop control of the process group by means of a first manipulated variable of the first coating process and a second manipulated variable of the second coating process and using a correction element; wherein the correction element relates the first manipulated variable and the second manipulated variable to one another in such a way that their control values are different from one another.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for preparing particulate materials having high electrochemical capacities that are suitable for use as anode active materials in rechargeable metal-ion batteries. In one aspect, the disclosure provides a process for preparing a particulate material comprising a plurality of composite particles. The process includes providing particulate porous carbon frameworks comprising micro pores and/or mesopores, wherein the porous carbon frameworks have a D50 particle diameter of at least 20 ?m; depositing an electroactive material selected from silicon and alloys thereof into the micropores and/or mesopores of the porous carbon frameworks using a chemical vapour infiltration process in a fluidised bed reactor, to provide intermediate particles; and comminuting the intermediate particles to provide said composite particles.

Abstract: A chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process for producing diamond includes providing a CVD Growth Chamber containing a growth substrate, charging the CVD growth chamber with a source gas mixture that includes a carbon source gas, activating the gas mixture to facilitate growth of diamond on the growth substrate, and providing for a period of diamond growth in a static mode during which the gas mixture is sealed within the CVD growth chamber.

Abstract: A film deposition apparatus includes a rotary table disposed in a vacuum chamber; multiple stages on each of which a substrate is placeable, the stages being arranged along a circumferential direction of the rotary table; a process area configured to supply a process gas toward an upper surface of the rotary table; a heat treatment area that is disposed apart from the process area in the circumferential direction of the rotary table and configured to heat-treat the substrate at a temperature higher than a temperature used in the process area; and a cooling area that is disposed apart from the heat treatment area in the circumferential direction of the rotary table and configured to cool the substrate.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus comprising: a substrate process chamber having a plasma generation space where a processing gas is plasma-excited and a substrate processing space communicating with the plasma generation space; a substrate mounting table installed inside the substrate processing space and for mounting a substrate; an inductive coupling structure provided with a coil installed to be wound around an outer periphery of the plasma generation space; a substrate support table elevating part for raising and lowering the substrate mounting table; a gas supply part for supplying the processing gas to the plasma generation space; and a controller for controlling the substrate support table elevating part, based on a power value of a high-frequency power supplied to the coil, so that the substrate mounted on the substrate mounting table is positioned at a target height according to the power value and spaced apart from a lower end of the coil.

Abstract: A controller performs an adjustment processing including: forming a film on a surface of a substrate by a film forming unit; removing a peripheral portion of the film by the film forming unit; acquiring surface information indicating a state of the surface of the substrate including the film, from which the peripheral portion has been removed, by a surface inspection unit and adjusting a cut width of the peripheral portion based on the surface information; and peeling the film, from which the peripheral portion has been removed, by the film forming unit, and a process processing including: forming the film on the surface of the substrate by the film forming unit; and removing the peripheral portion by the cut width adjusted in the adjustment processing in the film forming unit.

Abstract: An object is to coat a target position on a substrate with a dense film. In order to achieve the object, while a substrate on which a base containing a coating material is formed is transported, an auxiliary agent is applied to the substrate, and then a main agent containing a coating material is applied to the substrate to react the main agent with the auxiliary agent, so that a portion on the substrate where the base is formed is coated with the coating material.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for manufacturing hot dip galvanized rolled high strength steel product is presented. The method comprises providing a rolled steel product, heating and annealing the rolled steel product for creating a layer of iron oxide on the surface of the rolled steel product, cooling the rolled steel product, having the iron oxide layer, in a first cooling step to a temperature in a temperature range of 560-600° C. and holding for 3-10 seconds, quenching said rolled steel product, covered with the layer of iron oxide, in a second cooling step by immersing it into a zinc bath comprising aluminium and having a temperature between 440-450° C. for 1-5 seconds and cooling the rolled steel product in a third cooling step to room temperature. An arrangement for implementing the method is also presented.

Abstract: Provided is an Al-plated hot stamped steel material comprising a steel base material, an Al-plating layer formed on at least one surface of the steel base material, and a chemical conversion coating formed on the Al-plating layer and containing zinc phosphate-based crystals and Ce-based compounds deposited on the surfaces of the zinc phosphate-based crystals, wherein an amount of deposition of the zinc phosphate-based crystals in the chemical conversion coating is, converted to metal Zn, 0.3 to 4.0 g/m2 and an area ratio of the Ce-based compounds in the chemical conversion coating is 0.5 to 25%.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating is provided. The thermal barrier coating is configured to remain adherent to a substrate under high strains, thus allowing the use of non-contacting strain measurement systems, using digital image correlation for example. The thermal barrier coating may include a first layer of a partially metallic material configured to adhere to a metallic substrate, and a second layer of a partially ceramic material configured to adhere to the first layer. A successful configuration has a top layer thickness that is approximately two-thirds of the first layer thickness.

Abstract: A method for reinforcing a steel component, having a carbonitriding step providing a first substep of case-hardening, and a second substep of nitriding, the first and second substeps of case-hardening and of nitriding of the step of carbonitriding the component are performed in one and the same heat treatment cycle.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus includes: a mixer configured to mix sulfuric acid as a first component and a second component different from the first component to prepare an etchant; a nozzle configured to eject the etchant to a substrate; a first component supplier including a first flow path that supplies the first component to the mixer, a first instantaneous flowmeter and a first flow rate controller provided in the first flow path; a second component supplier including a second flow path different from the first flow path and configured to supply the second component to the mixer, a second instantaneous flowmeter and a second flow rate controller provided in the second flow path; and a controller configured to control the first and second flow rate controllers using average flow rates of the first component and the second component during the ejection of the etchant to the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a corrosion inhibitor formulation comprising: a) at least one quaternary ammonium salt; b) at least one fatty acid methyl ester; c) at least one viscosity reducing agent; and d) at least one solubilizing agent, wherein the at least one quaternary ammonium salt to the at least one fatty acid methyl ester weight ratio is in the range of 1:0.2-1:5.0. The instant disclosure further relates to the process of preparation of the corrosion inhibitor formulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a graphene oxide material, a halogenated graphene material, preparation methods therefor, and an electrolysis system. A method for producing a graphene oxide material in an electrolysis system comprises the following steps: applying a voltage between a working electrode and a counter electrode, and exfoliating graphite and/or amorphous carbon under the action of electrolysis so as to generate the graphene oxide material, wherein before applying the voltage and/or in the process of applying the voltage, light irradiation is performed on the electrolysis system.

Abstract: A chlorine dioxide gas generating device is provided. The device includes a housing, an anode and a cathode, a first reagent and a second reagent, and a hydrophobic membrane. The housing has a cavity. The anode and the cathode are each coupled to and located within the cavity. The first reagent and the second reagent are each located within the cavity. The first reagent and the second reagent are configured to generate chlorine dioxide gas via electrolysis responsive to an electric current being passed into the anode and the cathode. The hydrophobic membrane is coupled to the housing, and is configured to allow the chlorine dioxide gas to exit the housing while preventing fluids from flowing therethrough.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a pure-H2O-fed membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) electrolysis system for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECO2R) to ethylene (C2H4) and C2+ compounds under an industrial applicable continuous flow condition with at least 1000-hour lifetime, and fabrication method thereof.

Abstract: Fuel production system includes: synthesis gas generation unit configured to generate synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from carbon-containing raw material; fuel production unit configured to produce fuel from synthesis gas generated; water electrolyzer configured to electrolyze water to generate water-electrolyzed hydrogen; hydrogen supply unit configured to supply water-electrolyzed hydrogen generated to synthesis gas generation unit; and controller. The controller is configured to perform: calculating input energy based on first energy possessed by raw material, second energy consumed by water electrolyzer, third energy consumed by synthesis gas generation unit, and fourth energy consumed by fuel production unit; calculating recovered energy based on fifth energy possessed by fuel produced; and controlling water electrolyzer based on input energy and recovered energy calculated.