Abstract: Disclosed are methods of isolating paired T cell receptor (TCR) alpha and beta chain sequences, or an antigen-binding portion thereof. Also disclosed are methods of automatically identifying the TCR alpha and beta chain V segment sequences and CDR3 sequences of a TCR having antigenic specificity for a mutated amino acid sequence encoded by a cancer-specific mutation. Methods of preparing a population of cells that express paired TCR alpha and beta chain sequences, or an antigen-binding portion thereof, are also disclosed. Isolated pairs of TCR alpha and beta chain sequences and isolated populations of cells prepared by the methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a specific set of circulating protein and metabolite biomarkers for the diagnosis of Brugada Syndrome (BrS) in a human being and relative methods of detection. The invention further relates to mutated Prg4, Epx and Pon1 genes and related proteins for the prediction and diagnosis of Brugada Syndrome.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of treating a patient suffering from an IL-33-mediated disorder, such as asthma, comprising administering to the patient an IL-33 axis binding antagonist based on the genotype of the IL1RL1 gene. The invention further relates to methods of determining whether a patient is at increased risk of an IL-33-mediated disorder, as well as methods of determining whether a patient suffering from such a disorder is likely to respond to a treatment comprising an IL-33 axis binding antagonist, based on the genotype of the IL1RL1 gene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of oncology. laboratory tools and methods, and especially anti-tumor DNA crosslinking agents. Most patients with advanced solid tumors develop resistance to chemotherapy due to the ability of cancer cells to repair or tolerate sustained DNA damages. The inventors showed that the compounds according to the present invention allow the detection and visualization of alkylated DNA damages induced by PBDs without altering their DNA crosslinking ability. This enables the study of the effect and properties of PBDs. In particular, the present invention relates new derivates of PBD molecules and their synthesis. The present invention also relates to a method for visualizing DNA crosslinking: to a method for assessing the resistance of a tumor to a crosslinking agent and to a method for identifying a molecule or treatment for improving the efficiency of a crosslinking agent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, non-transitory computer readable media, systems, and kits for performing a multiple tiered analysis for identifying individuals with a health condition for monitoring, treating, and/or enrolling the individuals in a clinical trial. Specifically, the multiple tiered analysis involves a first screen, which eliminates a large proportion of individuals who are identified as not at risk for a health condition, and a subsequent second analysis which detects presence of a health condition in the remaining individuals. The second analysis includes an intra-individual analysis, which involves combining sequence information from target nucleic acids and reference nucleic acids obtained from the individual. The target nucleic acids include signatures that may be informative for determining presence or absence of the health condition and the reference nucleic acids include baseline biological signatures of the individual.

Abstract: Methods for screening a subject for a cancer are provided. In particular, the methods include i) extracting the cell free nucleic acids from a sample obtained from the subject, ii) determining the total concentration of mitochondrial cell free nucleic acids, ii) determining the total concentration of nuclear cell free nucleic acids iv) calculating the ratio of the level determined at step ii) to the concentration determined at step iii), v) comparing ratio determined at step iv) with a predetermined corresponding reference value and vi) concluding that the subject suffers from a cancer when the ratio determined at step iv) is lower than the predetermined corresponding reference value or concluding that the subject does not suffer from a cancer when the ratio determined at step iv) is higher than the predetermined corresponding reference value.

Abstract: Provided herein are multi-modal methods and/or systems of diagnosing one or more disease, as described elsewhere herein.

Abstract: In vitro methods for predicting the response of a subject to autologous chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy, the methods including determining the methylation status of one or more cytosines in CpG sites of CAR T-cells. Means and kits for carrying out the methods. With the determination of the methylation status of the one or more cytosines in CpG sites, a complete response free of events and long overall survival can be predicted as an outcome of the CAR T-cell therapy, in particular to subjects with B-cell malignancies.

Abstract: The present specification may provide a novel single-stranded nucleic acid aptamer capable of simultaneous detection of seven Cronobacter species, a composition or kit for multiple detection comprising the aptamer. The novel single-stranded nucleic acid aptamer of the disclosure can bind to all seven reclassified Cronobacter species, which are pathogenic bacteria, with high binding affinity due to its affinity and specificity. Therefore, the seven Cronobacter species can be easily and efficiently multi-detected from the environment where various bacteria are colonized and inhabited, and from contaminated food and water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for screening compounds and/or mutant ribosomal proteins in a eukaryotic cell that increase or decrease the translation of a target gene and thereby ameliorate or revert a defective and/or undesired translation of a target gene. Disclosed are compounds and proteins as identified with the methods and systems of the invention, pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions thereof, their uses for the preparation of a medicament, methods of treatment of a disease or condition or cosmetic condition related to the defective translation of a gene, for example genetic diseases such as Epidermolysis bullosa, as well as diagnostic measures practical for the clinical evaluation of such diseases or conditions. Also, kits are provided which comprise the identified compounds and/or proteins in addition to suitable means for performing the methods of the invention.

Abstract: A collecting system is provided that can include a probe configured to collect pathogens from a surrounding fluid, an elution chamber containing a liquid solvent and configured to receive the probe to elute the pathogens collected on the probe using the liquid solvent, and a heater configured to lyse the pathogens to release the genetic material of the pathogens into the liquid solvent.

Abstract: Methods for the rapid detection of the presence or absence of Human Parainfluenza Viruses (HPIV), including HPIV 1-4 in a biological or non-biological sample are described. The methods can include performing an amplifying step, a hybridizing step, and a detecting step. Furthermore, primers and probes targeting HPIV 1-4, and kits are provided that are designed for the detection of target regions of HPIV 1-4. Also described are kits, reaction mixtures, and oligonucleotides (e.g., primer and probe) for the amplification and detection of HPIV 1-4.

Abstract: Sequences for detection of SARS-CoV-2 are provided and include example, SEQ ID NOs:4-8. The sequences are useful for amplifying the SARS-CoV-2 nsp8 gene in a sample, using Reverse Transcriptional Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP) and it is preferably used in combination with a Cas enzyme/sgRNA pair and a reporter nucleic acid. The disclosed sequences can be use in methods of detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids in a sample. Generally, the specific gene sequence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, herein nsp8, is amplified using RT-LAMP. The RT-LAMP products are scanned by the Cas12a-gRNA ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. The RNP binds to the specific complementary to gRNA, activating the transcleavage activity of Cas12a. The active Cas12a system cleaves a short ssDNA reporter that is labeled preferably, with a fluorophore and a quencher on either end. Cleavage of the reporter separates the quencher from the fluorophore, and fluorescence that is detectable with the naked eye is generated.

Abstract: A method of reduction of a metal oxide material and a metal material production configuration adapted for manufacture of reduced metal material, a metal oxide material production unit produces a metal oxide material holding thermal energy, a direct reduction facility is configured for introduction of a reducing agent adapted to react with the metal oxide material. The method includes the steps of; charging the metal oxide material, holding thermal energy; introducing the reducing agent; reducing the metal oxide material to reduced metal material by utilizing the thermal energy of the metal oxide material to heat or further heat the introduced reducing agent for achieving a chemical reaction; and discharging the reduced metal material from the direct reduction facility. A direct reduction facility and a data program configured to execute an automatic or semi-automatic manufacture of reduced metal material ready to be transported to a metal production site.

Abstract: A high-strength stainless steel seamless pipe for oil country tubular goods has a composition that contains, in mass %, C: 0.012 to 0.05%, Si: 0.05 to 0.50%, Mn: 0.04 to 1.80%, P: 0.030% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Cr: 11.0 to 14.0%, Ni: 0.5 to 6.5%, Mo: 0.5 to 3.0%, Al: 0.005 to 0.10%, V: 0.005 to 0.20%, Co: 0.01 to 0.3%, N: 0.002 to 0.15%, O: 0.010% or less, and Ti: 0.001 to 0.20%, and in which Cr, Ni, Mo, Cu, C, Si, Mn, N, and Ti satisfy predetermined relations, and the balance is Fe and incidental impurities, the high-strength stainless steel seamless pipe having a steel microstructure with 6 to 20% retained austenite in terms of a volume percentage, a yield strength of 758 MPa or more, and an absorption energy vE?60 at ?60° C. of 70 J or more.

Abstract: A method for heat treating a steel component includes heating the component to a temperature at or above the austenitizing temperature and holding the component at or above the austenitizing temperature for a time sufficient to at least partially austenitize the steel, cooling the component to a first temperature in a temperature range of 200° C. to 270° C. and holding the component in the temperature range for at most 6 hours, thereby transforming at least a portion of the austenite into bainite, cooling the component to a temperature of from ?30° C. to 30° C., thereby forming martensite; and reheating the component to a second temperature in the temperature range, holding the component in the temperature range for at most 6 hours and then cooling the component to a temperature of from ?30° C. to 30° C., thereby transforming a further portion of the austenite into bainite and forming tempered martensite.

Abstract: The method may comprise receiving historical data (e.g., mineralogy data, irrigation data, raffinate data, heat data, lift height data, geographic data on ore placement and/or blower data); training a predictive model using the historical data to create a trained predictive model; adding future assumption data to the trained predictive model; running the forecast engine for a plurality of parameters to obtain forecast data for a mining production target; comparing the forecast data for the mining production target to the actual data for the mining production target; determining deviations between the forecast data and the actual data, based on the comparing; and changing each of the plurality of parameters from the forecast data to the actual data to determine a contribution to the deviations for each of the plurality of parameters.

Abstract: In producing a copper concentrate by flotation in which copper minerals are separated from arsenic minerals by using oxoacids of sulfur and oxidants, the arsenic in the copper concentrate is reduced by a simple method. In producing the copper concentrate by the flotation in which an arsenic-containing copper ore is a raw material, the oxoacids of sulfur and hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant are used together as additive reagents, and added in this order.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention is a method for recovering nickel from iron-aluminum slag obtained by battery powder leaching. The method comprises the following steps: adding a sulfuric acid solution into an iron-aluminum slag to dissolve, so as to obtain a sulfate solution; then adding an oxidizing agent; adding ammonia water and carbonate into the oxidized sulfate solution; adjusting the pH to 1.0-3.2 for reaction; separating ferric hydroxide to precipitate to obtain an iron-removed solution; adding carbonate into the iron-removed solution, adjusting the pH to 3.2-5.5 for reaction; separating aluminum hydroxide to precipitate to obtain an aluminum-removed solution; adding ammonia water to the aluminum-removed solution, adjusting the pH to 7.0-8.8 for reaction; washing and removing impurities to obtain a nickel complex; adding an oxidizing agent to the nickel complex to break the complex, so as to obtain a nickel-containing solution.

Abstract: A pure copper sheet of the present invention has a composition including 99.96 mass % or more of Cu, 0.01 mass ppm or more and 3.00 mass ppm or less of P, 10.0 mass ppm or less of a total content of Pb, Se, and Te, 3.0 mass ppm or more of a total content of Ag and Fe, and inevitable impurities as a balance, in which an average crystal grain size of crystal grains on a rolled surface is 10 ?m or more, an aspect ratio of the crystal grain on the rolled surface is set to 2.0 or less, and a length percentage of the small tilt grain boundary and the subgrain boundary with respect to all grain boundaries is set to 80% or less in terms of partition fraction.

Abstract: This hot-rolled copper alloy sheet contains Mg: 0.2 mass % or more and 2.1 mass % or less, Al: 0.4 mass % or more and 5.7 mass % or less, and Ag: 0.01 mass % or less, with a remainder being Cu and inevitable impurities, an area ratio of Cube orientation (area ratio of crystal orientation) measured by an EBSD method is 5% or less, an average KAM value when a boundary between adjacent pixels where an orientation difference between the pixels is 5° or more is regarded as a crystal grain boundary is 2.0 or less, and an average crystal grain size ? in a sheet-thickness central portion is 40 ?m or less.

Abstract: A TiAl alloy material containing: Al: 42.0 atomic % or more and 44.0 atomic % or less; Cu: 0.5 atomic % or more and 2.5 atomic % or less; and Nb: 3.0 atomic % or more and 7.0 atomic % or less, with the balance being Ti and unavoidable impurities, and lamellar grains have an average grain size of 20 ?m or more and 200 ?m or less.

Abstract: The high gamma prime (??) nickel based welding material for repair and 3D additive manufacturing of turbine engine components containing from 9.0 to 11.0% Cr, from 16.0 to 24.0% Co, from 1.0 to 1.4% Mo, from 5.0 to 5.8% W, from 1.5 to 1.9% Ta, from 4.5 to 5.5 Al %, from 0.1 to 0.3% Hf, up to 0.02% B, from 0.05 to 0.12% C, from 0.2 to 0.8% Fe, from 1.5 to 2.5% Re, and nickel with impurities to balance.

Abstract: Nickel-ruthenium-based ternary or greater alloys, products, and methods of making and using the same include nickel at about 48 to about 71 weight % (“wt %”) of the alloy, ruthenium at about 17 to about 45 wt % of the alloy, and at least one ternary or higher addition at greater than zero to about 20 wt % of the Ni—Ru alloy. The ternary or higher addition may include gold, cobalt, chromium, copper, iridium, molybdenum, niobium, palladium, platinum, rhenium, rhodium, tantalum, vanadium, tungsten, or any combination thereof. The Ni—Ru alloy may be age-hardenable, and may exhibit a hardness greater than 500 hardness Knoop. In an embodiment, the Ni—Ru ternary or higher alloy may be used in electronic test probe applications.

Abstract: A wrought 6000-series aluminum alloy material which is suppressed in weld cracking even in cases where high-speed welding is performed by means of laser welding or the like; a welded body which contains the wrought aluminum alloy material; and an efficient welding method for the wrought aluminum alloy material. A wrought aluminum alloy material for welding, the wrought aluminum alloy material being characterized in that: the Si content is not less than 0.3% by mass but less than 2.0% by mass; the Mg content is not less than 0.3% by mass but less than 2.0% by mass; a surface active element which decreases the surface tension of molten aluminum is contained therein; the surface active element is at least one of Sr, Ca, Sb, Li and Ba; and the content of the surface active element is from 0.04% by mass to 0.50% by mass.

Abstract: A cast iron material and methods for using same are disclosed, as well as a method for producing and/or lining a mould. The cast iron material has a change in length at temperatures of ?60° C. to 440° C., more particularly in the temperature range from 0° C. to 420° C., which change in length is as small as possible or as similar as possible to that of carbon fibre reinforced polymer or glass-fibre reinforced plastic. The cast iron material has at least the following proportions in percent by weight as elements or as compounds of carbon in the range from approximately 1.5% to 4.0%, silicon in the range from approximately 1.0% to 5.0%, manganese in the range from approximately 0.1% to 1.5%, nickel in the range from approximately 36.5% to 48.0%, chrome in the range from approximately 0.01 to 0.25%, phosphorus to approximately 0.08%, copper to approximately 0.5%, magnesium to approximately 0.150%, the remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of wear resistant alloys, such as ferrous alloys, that can have reduced carbide contents. In some embodiments, the alloys may have no carbides. In some, the alloy may have boride phases, such as phases having high Mo+W content and/or high Fe+Cr content. There can be reduced hardphases levels out of the specifically disclosed boride phases in some embodiments. In some embodiments, hypereutectic chromium borides can have limited incorporation into the disclosed alloys.

Abstract: A steel for a gear includes, based on a total weight of the steel: C: 0.10-0.30 wt %, Si: 0.60-0.80 wt %, Mn: 0.25-0.75 wt %, Cr: 1.80-2.20 wt %, Ni: 0.50-1.50 wt %, Mo: 0.20-0.40 wt %, Nb: 0.025-0.050 wt %, V: 0.030-0.050 wt %, and a balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein contents of Nb and V satisfy the following <Relationship Formula 1>: 0.055<[Nb]+[V]<0.100??<Relationship Formula 1>, wherein [Nb] represents a content of Nb and [V] represents a content of V.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide a steel sheet having a high strength which can provide excellent appearance quality. The steel sheet has a chemical composition including, in mass %, C: more than 0.030% to 0.145%, Si: 0% to 0.500%, Mn: 0.50% to 2.50%, P: 0% to 0.100%, S: 0% to 0.020%, Al: 0% to 1.000% or less, N: 0% to 0.0100%, and the like, wherein a metal micro-structures consisting of 70 to 95% of ferrite in volume fraction and 5 to 30% of hard phases in volume fraction, and a value X1 obtained by dividing a standard deviation of average Mn concentrations in a rolling direction at ¼ sheet-thickness positions in a sheet thickness direction by an average Mn concentration at the ¼ sheet-thickness positions is 0.025 or less.

Abstract: Provided is a galvanized steel sheet having a TS of 980 MPa or more, high YS, excellent ductility, strain hardenability, and hole expansion formability. A base steel sheet has a defined chemical composition and a steel microstructure as follows: area ratio of ferrite: 65.0% or less (including 0%), area ratio of bainitic ferrite: 5.0% or more and 40.0% or less, area ratio of tempered martensite: 0.5% or more and 80.0% or less, area ratio of retained austenite: 3.0% or more, area ratio of fresh martensite: 20.0% or less (including 0%), SBF+STM+2×SMA: 65.0% or more, SMA1/SMA: 0.80 or less, and SMA2/SMA: 0.20 or more.

Abstract: A mask assembly manufacturing method includes preparing a mask sheet and a frame, stretching and fixing the mask sheet to the frame, fixing a unit mask on the mask sheet, and forming an opening by removing an overlap portion of the mask sheet overlapping the unit mask after the fixing of the unit mask on the mask sheet.

Abstract: A mask, including a first clamping region and a second clamping region opposite to each other in a first direction, and at least one mask opening region disposed between the first clamping region and the second clamping region. The mask opening region is in a first initial shape before being tensioned. The mask opening region is in a first target shape during an evaporation deposition process. The first initial shape is different from the first target shape. The first initial shape includes a compensation pattern with respect to the first target shape. The compensation pattern includes a tensile deformation pattern and a thermal deformation pattern.

Abstract: Proposed is a method of forming a plasma-resistant coating film. The method includes (a) forming a lower coating layer on a target object by depositing a first rare-earth metal compound powder through a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process, (b) transferring a second rare-earth metal compound powder, and (c) forming an upper coating layer by spraying the transferred second rare-earth metal compound powder onto the lower coating layer, thereby obtaining a plasma-resistant coating film with fewer structural defects and enhanced physical properties.

Abstract: A structure includes a substrate including a wafer or a portion thereof; and a piezoelectric bulk material layer comprising a first portion deposited onto the substrate and a second portion deposited onto the first portion, the second portion comprising an outer surface having a surface roughness (Ra) of 4.5 nm or less. Methods for depositing a piezoelectric bulk material layer include depositing a first portion of bulk layer material at a first incidence angle to achieve a predetermined c-axis tilt, and depositing a second portion of the bulk material layer onto the first portion at a second incidence angle that is smaller than the first incidence angle. The second portion has a second c-axis tilt that substantially aligns with the first c-axis tilt.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide for optical devices with methods of forming optical device substrates having at least one area of increased refractive index or scratch resistance. One method includes disposing an etch material on a discrete area of an optical device substrate or an optical device layer, disposing a diffusion material in the discrete area, and removing excess diffusion material to form an optical material in the optical device substrate or the optical device layer having a refractive index greater than or equal to 2.0 or a hardness greater than or equal to 5.5 Mohs.

Abstract: A method of conditioning a coater for removing water and/or moisture from a processing area of the coater is provided, the processing area comprising at least one pump compartment and at least one sputtering compartment. The method comprises the steps of loading conditioning substrates into the processing area, so that the processing area is substantially filled with the conditioning substrates and conditioning the coater by starting a sputtering process in the processing area and/or by heating of at least the one pump compartment. During conditioning, the conditioning substrates perform an oscillating movement in the processing area.

Abstract: A vaporization device includes a vaporization amount adjusting plate that covers a surface of a solid raw material, and an exhaust passage that exhausts a carrier gas that flows while being faced with the vaporization amount adjusting plate. The vaporization amount adjusting plate has a plurality of through holes. An aperture ratio per unit area in the adjusting plate varies along a flowing direction of the carrier gas. The carrier gas is vaporized from the solid raw material and carries a predetermined raw material that has passed through the plurality of through holes.

Abstract: A canister supplying a precursor to a processing chamber includes a body, a first valve introducing a carrier gas into the body, a second valve discharging a sublimated gas of a solid precursor into a processing chamber, a precursor accommodating tray accommodating the solid precursor, and at least one piezoelectric transducer at least one of vibrating the precursor accommodating tray or measuring a resonance frequency.

Abstract: A method for forming a film, including: forming a film on a base body; and discharging a gas with a discharging unit. A channel plate is above and opposite to the base body via a space. A mixed gas flow linearly flows from a mixed gas supplying unit toward the discharging unit so that the mixed gas through the space above the base body is along at least part of a main surface of the base body. A projection is formed on a part of: the channel plate and/or the stage to inhibit deviation of the mixed gas flow from a direction toward the discharging unit. The channel plate and projection are provided so that a gap having a width smaller than a shortest distance in the space between the channel plate and the base body is formed, and the film-formation and the discharging are performed.

Abstract: A method of producing a raw material solution for a film-forming according to a Mist CVD method including a temperature at which a solute containing a metallic element is mixed with a solvent and stirred is 30° C. or higher, and a method of film-forming according to the Mist CVD method using a raw material solution produced by the method of producing the raw material solution.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of depositing a transition metal dichalcogenide is provided. The method includes depositing a layer of the transition metal dichalcogenide on a substrate by a metalorganic chemical vapor deposition process including exposing the substrate to a mixture of reactant gases including a transition metal precursor and a chalcogen precursor. The mixture further includes a gas-phase halogen-based reactant to volatilize transition metal adatoms deposited on the substrate.

Abstract: A film forming method includes causing adsorption of a source gas on a substrate surface having a convex portion, and forming a film on the substrate surface using a thermal reaction between the adsorbed source gas and a reactive gas. The substrate is disposed on a surface of a turntable provided inside a vacuum chamber. An adsorption region in which the causing is performed, and a reaction region in which the forming is performed, are provided inside the vacuum chamber above the turntable along a circumferential direction of the turntable. The causing and the forming are repeated with respect to the substrate by rotating the turntable in a state where the source and reactive gases are supplied to the adsorption and reaction regions, respectively. At least one of the source gas supply and the reactive gas supply supplies the gas at an angle with respect to a vertically downward direction.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for depositing carbon conducting films by atomic layer deposition are described. For instance, a device may react a first precursor with a base material to form a carbon compound on a material, where the first precursor is an acetylene, a diacetylene, a tri-acetylene, a polyacetylene, an alkene, or an arene and includes at least one germanium, silicon, or tin. Additionally, the device may react a second, carbon-containing precursor with the carbon compound to form a layer on the base material.

Abstract: A gas diffuser plate in a cyclic deposition chamber is disclosed. The gas diffuser plate as fabricated comprises a substrate diffuser plate having a substrate emissivity and a coating formed on the substrate diffuser plate. The gas diffuser plate having the substrate diffuser plate coated with the coating has an emissivity higher than the substrate emissivity. The coating comprises a first layer formed on the substrate diffuser plate and comprising a first material configured to modulate the emissivity of the gas diffuser plate, and a second layer comprising a second corrosion-resistant material. The first material comprises titanium nitride oxide (TiNxOy). The emissivity of the gas diffuser plate is at least partially based on the ratio of nitrogen and oxygen in TiNxOy.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and apparatuses for supplying a process gas in a semiconductor manufacturing process. In some embodiments, the method includes heating, using one or more heating devices of the semiconductor manufacturing apparatus, a gas tank and a gas line of the semiconductor manufacturing apparatus. The method further includes filling, through the gas line, the gas tank with a reaction gas. The method further includes changing, using the one or more heating devices, a temperature of the reaction gas in the gas tank. The method further includes supplying the reaction gas from the gas tank to a process chamber of the semiconductor manufacturing apparatus. The changing of the temperature of the reaction gas includes decomposing a portion of the reaction gas into one or more materials different from the reaction gas.

Abstract: A bimetallic faceplate for substrate processing is provided including a plate having a plurality of gas distribution holes and formed of a first metal having a first coefficient of thermal expansion, the plate having at least one groove around a center of the plate and spaced from the center of the plate; and a metallic element disposed in the at least one groove and fixed to the plate in the at least one groove, the metallic element having a second coefficient of thermal expansion different from the first coefficient of thermal expansion, the metallic element being symmetrically arranged on or in the plate. A chamber for substrate processing is provided that includes a bimetallic faceplate. Also, a method of making a bimetallic faceplate is provided.

Abstract: A gas inlet tube assembly is presented. The assembly comprising a first inlet configured to insert a first process gas and a second inlet configured to insert a second process gas; a gas inlet tube configured to mix the first process gas from the first inlet and the second process gas from the second inlet, the gas inlet tube being in fluid communication with a reaction chamber of the substrate processing apparatus, comprising upper and lower segments, wherein the first inlet and the second inlet are placed in the upper segment of the gas inlet tube and face with each other directly opposite, the upper segment is converging cone shape, the lower segment is diverging cone shape, the ratio of the length of the upper segment bottom to the length of the lower segment bottom can be 0.1˜0.9, preferably 0.15˜0.25.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the anti-corrosion pre-treatment of a plurality of components in series, in which the components of the series are at least partially formed of iron and/or steel, and in which the components of the series each initially undergo a first conversion stage, followed by a rinsing stage and a subsequent second conversion stage, wherein, in the conversion stages, respective acidic aqueous conversion solutions based on compounds of the elements Zr and/or Ti dissolved in water are brought into contact with the components, and, additionally, copper ions are contained in the conversion solution for the second stage.

Abstract: In a method for producing an enameled steel component, a steel component is coated with an adhesion promoter layer which comprises a bonding metal or a bonding metal oxide or a salt thereof, and a binder, and the coated steel component is enameled.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus that supplies a processing liquid to a front surface of a substrate which is rotating, includes: a substrate holder configured to hold the substrate, wherein the substrate holder includes: a gripper configured to come into contact with a periphery of the substrate to grip the substrate; and a base to which the gripper is attached.