Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an optical imaging system including, sequentially from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens. The first lens has negative refractive power, an object-side surface thereof is a convex surface, and an image-side surface thereof is a concave surface; the second lens has refractive power; the third lens has refractive power; and the fourth lens has positive refractive power, an object-side surface thereof is a convex surface, and an image-side surface thereof is a concave surface. A wavelength ? of a chief ray of the optical imaging system and a tangent tan ? of a half field-of-view of the optical imaging system satisfy 0.5 ?m<?*tan ?<1.0 ?m.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an optical imaging lens assembly which includes sequentially from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens and a sixth lens. The first lens has a positive refractive power with a convex object-side surface; the second lens has a refractive power with a concave image-side surface; the third lens has a refractive power with a convex object-side surface; the fourth lens has a refractive power with a concave object-side surface; the fifth lens has a refractive power; and the sixth lens has a refractive power with a concave object-side surface. A maximum effective radius DT11 of the object-side surface of the first lens and a maximum effective radius DT61 of the object-side surface of the sixth lens satisfy 0.6<DT11/DT61<1.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an optical imaging lens assembly including, sequentially from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, a seventh lens and an eighth lens, wherein each of the first through the eighth lenses has refractive power. The first lens has positive refractive power. The third lens has positive refractive power, and each of an object-side surface and an image-side surface thereof is a convex surface. An object-side surface of the sixth lens is a convex surface. The eighth lens has negative refractive power, and an object-side surface thereof is a concave surface. A total effective focal length f of the optical imaging lens assembly and an entrance pupil diameter EPD of the optical imaging lens assembly may satisfy f/EPD?2.0.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the technical field of optical lens and discloses a camera optical lens satisfying following conditions: 65.00?v1?95.00; ?6.00?f2/f??1.80; and ?30.00?(R5+R6)/(R5?R6)??1.50; where v1 denotes an abbe number of the first lens L1; f denotes a focal length of the camera optical lens; f2 denotes a focal length of the second lens; R5 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the third lens; and R6 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the third lens. The camera optical lens provided in the present disclosure satisfies design requirements of large aperture, wide angle and ultra-thinness while having good optical functions.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a camera optical lens including, from an object side to an image side in sequence: a first lens, a second, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, a seventh lens, and an eighth lens; the first lens has a positive refractive power, and the camera optical lens satisfies conditions of: 0.95?f/TTL; 2.00?f2/f?5.00; and 0.20?(R15+R16)/(R15?R16)?0.90. The camera optical lens can achieve good optical performance while meeting the design requirements for large aperture, long focal length and ultra-thinness.

Abstract: An imaging lens which uses a larger number of constituent lenses for higher performance and features compactness and a wide field of view. The imaging lens is composed of seven lenses to form an image of an object on a solid-state image sensor. The constituent lenses are arranged in the following order from an object side to an image side: a first lens with positive refractive power; a second lens with positive or negative refractive power; a third lens with negative refractive power; a fourth lens with positive or negative refractive power as a double-sided aspheric lens; a meniscus fifth lens having a convex surface on the image side; a sixth lens with positive or negative refractive power as a double-sided aspheric lens; and a seventh lens with negative refractive power, in which an air gap is provided between lenses.

Abstract: A photographing optical lens system includes seven lens elements, the seven lens elements being, in order from an object side to an image side: a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element, a sixth lens element, and a seventh lens element. Each of the seven lens elements has an object-side surface facing toward the object side and an image-side surface facing toward the image side. At least one lens surface of the seven lens elements has at least one inflection point thereon.

Abstract: An image capturing optical system includes seven lens elements, the seven lens elements being, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element, a sixth lens element and a seventh lens element. An image-side surface of the fifth lens element is convex in a paraxial region thereof. An image-side surface of the sixth lens element is concave in a paraxial region thereof. The seventh lens element has negative refractive power.

Abstract: A method for determining a focus position includes recording at least one first image, wherein image data of the at least one recorded first image are dependent on at least one first focus position during the recording of the at least one first image. A second focus position is determined based on an analysis of the at least one recorded first image using a trained model. At least one second image is recorded using the second focus position. The at least one first image and the at least one second image contain items of information which are in a context with a training of the trained model.

Abstract: An observation apparatus includes an acquisition unit that acquires positional information indicating a position of a bottom surface of a support for supporting an observation target, an imaging optical system that forms an optical image showing the observation target supported by the support on an image plane, a focus adjustment unit that adjusts a focal position of the imaging optical system based on the positional information acquired by the acquisition unit, and a control unit that performs control for matching an inclination of the image plane on which the optical image is formed to an inclination of an imaging surface of an imaging element based on the positional information acquired by the acquisition unit.

Abstract: A method is useable for determining a thickness of a cover slip or object carrier in a microscope, which has an objective facing toward a sample chamber. Two optical media border two opposing surfaces of the cover slip or object carrier and form two partially reflective interfaces, which are arranged at different distances from the objective. The method includes: deflecting a measurement light beam by the objective with oblique incidence on the cover slip or object carrier; generating two reflection light beams spatially separated from one another by the measurement light beam being partially reflected on each of the two interfaces; receiving the two reflection light beams by the objective and conducting them onto a position-sensitive detector; registering the incidence locations on the position-sensitive detector; and determining the thickness of the cover slip or object carrier based on the registered incidence locations.

Abstract: A microlens array-based ultrathin microscope is provided. The microlens array-based ultrathin microscope includes a filter unit configured to selectively transmit fluorescence manifested in a measurement sample, and an image unit configured to acquire an image from light transmitted by the filter unit. The filter unit is formed to be in contact with or spaced apart from one surface of a transparent substrate, and the image unit includes a microlens array formed on an opposite surface to the transparent substrate in which the filter unit is formed, and an image sensor configured to collect image information of the microlens array.

Abstract: The technology generally relates to a binocular having two tubes, which are connected to one another by means of a hinged bridge pivotable about a hinge axis for adjusting the interpupillary distance. Within each of the two tubes an axially displaceable focusing means is arranged and a common focusing device for displacing the focusing means is formed. The focusing device includes a housing and a focusing knob rotatable about a rotational axis and the rotational axis is arranged coaxially to the hinge axis. The focusing knob is rotationally coupled to a focusing gear and the focusing gear, in each case, comprises a push rod, by means of which the focusing gear is, in each case, coupled to one of the two focusing means. A longitudinal axis of the push rod encloses an acute angle with the hinge axis.

Abstract: An optical transducer for endoscope includes an optical element, an optical fiber, and a ferrule, the ferrule including a semiconductor substrate and a glass substrate, in which: the semiconductor substrate has an insertion hole penetrating therethrough; an optical fiber is inserted into the insertion hole; the semiconductor substrate has a trench connected with the insertion hole and having an opening in a side surface; the trench has a convex on a bottom surface; and when a distal end surface of the optical fiber is observed from an opening of side surface of the tech, at least a part of the distal end surface is shielded by the convex.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates optical imaging devices and methods useful in biological and medical imaging applications. In one embodiment, an optical imaging device includes a flexible lightguide having a first end and a second end, the output of the source of pulsed infrared radiation being optically coupled to the first end of the flexible lightguide; a lens assembly attached to and optically coupled to the second end of the flexible lightguide, the lens assembly comprising a variable-focus lens element, the a variable-focus lens element having a tunable focal length; and a photodetector coupled to the flexible lightguide to detect radiation propagating from the second end toward the first end of the flexible lightguide. The optical imaging devices and methods can be used in both confocal and multi-photon techniques.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include systems, methods, and devices use a controllable matrix filter to selectively obscure regions of an image sensor's field of view. The controllable matrix filter is a physical component that may be placed in front of an image sensor and, in certain situations, one or more regions of the otherwise transparent matrix filter may be selectively configured to have an increased optical density such that the one or more regions become opaque thereby blocking out certain regions of the image sensor's field of view. In this way, the controllable matrix filter may be used to mask out certain regions in an image sensor's field of view that may present processing difficulties for downstream systems that utilize information from the image sensor.

Abstract: A light deflection device includes a substrate including a planar portion and a recess; a spacer member disposed at a bottom of the recess; a supporting section disposed on the spacer member; a movable part rotatably supported by the supporting section and having a reflecting surface configured to reflect light at a height equal to or higher than a height of the planar portion; and a light transmissive member disposed on the planar portion and covering the movable part.

Abstract: Provided is an optical scanning device capable of preventing abnormal vibration occurring in a micro mirror. The optical scanning device includes a micro mirror that reflects light beams, torsion bars that rotate the micro mirror around a Y-axis, a movable frame that is disposed around the micro mirror, and meander-type piezoelectric actuators that rotate the micro mirror around an X-axis. The movable frame has a rectangular shape, and has a rib provided on the rear surface of the movable frame. Corner regions of four corners of the movable frame have a removal region where no rib is partially provided or a rib with a thickness thinner than other regions is provided.

Abstract: An annular optical element includes an outer annular surface, an inner annular surface, a first side surface, a second side surface and a plurality of strip-shaped wedge structures. The outer annular surface surrounds a central axis of the annular optical element and includes at least two shrunk portions. The first side surface connects the outer annular surface and the inner annular surface. The second side surface connects the outer annular surface and the inner annular surface, wherein the second side surface is disposed correspondingly to the first side surface. The strip-shaped wedge structures are disposed on the inner annular surface, wherein each of the strip-shaped wedge structures is disposed along a direction from the first side surface towards the second side surface and includes an acute end and a tapered portion connecting the inner annular surface and the acute end.

Abstract: An optical system (LS) includes lenses (L22,L23) satisfying the following conditional expressions, ndLZ+(0.01425×?dLZ)<2.12, and ?dLZ<35.0, where ndLZ: a refractive index of the lens with reference to d-line, and ?dLZ: Abbe number of the lens with reference to d-line.

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed for display configurations for providing an augmented reality heads up display. In one example, a mirrorless heads up display device includes a display, at least one micro lens array, an optical element comprising a lenticular lens or parallax barrier positioned between the display and the at least one micro lens array, and a display controller comprising a processor and memory storing instructions executable by the processor to control the display to output image light that passes through the lenticular lens or parallax barrier and the at least one micro lens array and impinges on a transparent plane to form a three-dimensional image.

Abstract: Wearable and optical display systems and methods for operation thereof incorporating monovision display techniques are disclosed. A wearable device may include left and right optical stacks configured to switch between displaying virtual content at a first focal plane or a second focal plane. The wearable device may determine whether or not an activation condition is satisfied. In response to determining that the activation condition is satisfied, a monovision display mode associated with the wearable device may be activated, which may include causing the left optical stack to display the virtual content at the first focal plane and causing the right optical stack to display the virtual content at the second focal plane.

Abstract: There is provided a display control apparatus capable of displaying a high-quality image while inhibiting a load at the time of displaying the image in front of a user. There is provided a display control apparatus including a signal processing unit that performs signal processing in which a first mode and a second mode are switchable at a first region in a screen and a region other than the first region in the screen, display being performed at a first resolution in the first mode, display being performed at a second resolution in the second mode, in which the signal processing unit performs display while reducing a resolution in the second mode toward an outer periphery of the screen.

Abstract: A hybrid augmented reality head-up display system for displaying graphics upon a windscreen of a vehicle includes a windscreen having a transparent substrate including light emitting particles dispersed within, a primary graphic projection device for generating a first set of images upon the windscreen of the vehicle based on visible light, and a secondary graphic projection device for generating a second set of images upon a secondary area the windscreen of the vehicle based on an excitation light. The first set of images are displayed upon a primary area of the windscreen. The light emitting particles in the windscreen emit visible light in response to absorbing the excitation light. The first set of images displayed upon the primary area of the windscreen cooperate with the second set of images displayed upon the secondary area of the windscreen to create an edge-to-edge augmented reality view.

Abstract: There is provided a small-sized HUD device having a high image display reliability and a high thermal reliability. A HUD device 1 includes: an image display unit 2 including a display panel (liquid crystal panel) 22 that displays an image, and an optical system 3 that projects image light of the displayed image onto a windshield of a vehicle, in which a virtual image of the image is visually recognized by light reflected off the windshield. In the image display unit 2, an effective display region 22a that displays the image is set to a region on a side close to one end of the display panel 22. The optical system 3 includes a first reflector 31 that reflects the image light emitted from the image display unit 2 and a second reflector 32 that reflects the reflected light of the first reflector 31 toward the windshield. The image display unit 2 is disposed to face the first reflector 31, and the display panel 22 is disposed in an attitude in which the one end faces the second reflector 32 side.

Abstract: An image encoder performs a first partitioning including using a first partition mode, without writing first splitting information indicative of the first partition mode into a bitstream, to split a first block into a plurality of second blocks in response to that the first block is located adjacent to an edge of a picture and that the dimensions of the first block satisfy a first condition; and performs a second partitioning on the second block by writing second splitting information indicative of a second partition mode into the bitstream, wherein the second partition mode allows at least one of a quad tree splitting and a binary splitting, and using the second partition mode to split the second block into a plurality of coding units (CUs), wherein the second partition mode prohibits the quad tree splitting of the second block in certain conditions.

Abstract: Motion sickness of a user occurring when viewing media content by use of data glasses during a journey in a motor vehicle is reduced. Vehicle dynamics data and glasses dynamics data are registered and a displayed perspective is controlled by a control device based on the vehicle dynamics data and the glasses dynamics data. In the displayed perspective, the media content is displayed in a media field which is shown so it is visible through a frame element and an artificial environment is shown adjacent to the frame element. A velocity component of the vehicle dynamics data is represented as movement of the artificial environment and an acceleration component of the vehicle dynamics data is represented by an inclination of the frame element with respect to the media field and a movement component of the glasses dynamics data is represented as a shift of the entire perspective.

Abstract: A system having a camera to capture a scene image of a scene having an object as viewed from a perspective of an operator through a windscreen; a computer vision circuit to identify an object image corresponding to the object in the scene image captured by the camera; a marker generator circuit to generate a marker indicative of the identified object image and to determine a marker position in the operator's line of sight between the object and the operator; and a screen to display the generated marker in the marker position to appear associated with the identified object as viewed from the perspective of the operator through the windscreen. Also, methods for marking objects.

Abstract: Very high refractive index (n>2.2) lightguide substrates enable the production of 70° field of view eyepieces with all three color primaries in a single eyepiece layer. Disclosed herein are viewing optics assembly architectures that make use of such eyepieces to reduce size and cost, simplifying manufacturing and assembly, and better-accommodating novel microdisplay designs.

Abstract: A video transmissive head-mounted display device capable of avoiding danger to a user when worn by the user has an external world image acquired by a first image inputting unit, and the external world image is displayed on a display unit. The head-mounted display device has a second image inputting unit that acquires a binocular image of a wearer. The head-mounted display device is configured so that a control unit determines, from the binocular image of the wearer acquired by the second image inputting unit, that the wearer is awake when both eyes are closed for no longer than a predetermined period of time and that the wearer is asleep when both eyes are closed for a predetermined period of time or longer, and the display unit displays the external world image acquired by the first image inputting unit when the wearer wakes from sleep.

Abstract: An optical device includes variable optical material that alters at least one of: incident ambient light, spectral content of incident ambient light or direction of incident ambient light through the optical device in response to a stimulus provided by the device. The device can sense intensity and/or spectral characteristics of ambient light and provide appropriate stimulus to various portions of the optical device to activate the variable optical material and alter at least one of: incident ambient light, spectral content of incident ambient light or direction of incident ambient light.

Abstract: An electronic device comprises a display configured to display an image, an ocular optical system for viewing the display, and a control unit configured to control the display unit so as to change a display area of the display based on a distance from the ocular optical system to an eye of a user looking into the ocular optical system.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are techniques for providing an illumination system that emits illumination into an environment while also enabling that system to be undetectable to certain types of external light detection systems. The system includes a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) low light (LL) detection device and a light emitting device. The light emitting device provides illumination having a wavelength of at least 950 nanometers (nm). An intensity of the illumination is set to a level that causes the illumination to be undetectable from a determined distance away based on the roll off rate of the light. While the light emitting device is providing the illumination, the SPAD LL detection device generates an image of an environment in which the illumination is being provided.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to methods and systems for the see through computer display systems. In embodiments, the systems and methods use curved display panels to generate image light.

Abstract: An optical system including an enclosure including a front end and a rear end, a first pair of apertures configured to be disposed on a front plane on the front end of the enclosure and a single optical lens system disposed between the front end and the rear end of the enclosure, wherein the first pair of apertures are configured to allow sets of light rays into the enclosure through the single optical lens system to be cast on an image plane as first and second spots, the image plane being parallel to the front plane, if the first and second spots are concentrically disposed, the sets of light rays are determined to be parallelly disposed with respect to one another, otherwise the sets of light rays are determined to not be parallelly disposed with one another.

Abstract: Optical systems may include MEMS mirrors having elliptical mirror plates. A laser scanning system may include a MEMS mirror that scans an incident light beam along a single scanning axis. The MEMS mirror may include an elliptical mirror plate having a semi-major axis that is aligned parallel or perpendicular to the rotational axis of the elliptical mirror plate. The incident light beam may have an elliptical cross-section, such that the incident light beam completely or substantially overlaps the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror plate. After being reflected by the elliptical mirror plate, the light beam may be circularized via one or more shaping lenses disposed in the optical path of the reflected light beam, prior to projection of the light beam.

Abstract: An optical processing apparatus includes: a light splitting assembly, disposed on an optical path of an incident light, and configured to receive the incident light and split the incident light into at least two waveband lights, a difference between optical path lengths of the at least two waveband lights being less than a set threshold; and a light sensing assembly, disposed on optical paths of the at least two waveband lights, and configured to receive the at least two waveband lights.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator and a beam steering apparatus including the same are provided. The spatial light modulator includes a first reflective layer; a cavity layer provided on the first reflective layer; and a reflective layer including a plurality of unit lattice structures that are provided on the cavity layer are and spaced apart from each other. Each of the plurality of unit lattice structures has a polycrystalline structure, and at least one grain of the polycrystalline structure has a column shape and a height equal to a height of the plurality of unit lattice structures.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for displaying an image are disclosed. The apparatus includes independently-controllable microLED unit cells including sets of microLEDs each emitting light and at least one lens to control an emission angle and emission profile of the light emitted by the microLED unit cells. A display controller controls an intensity distribution of the microLED unit cells in accordance with a video data signal such that a first portion of the emitted light is emitted at a first emission angle with a first emission profile and a second portion of the emitted light is emitted at a second emission angle with a second emission profile. The first and second light portions form three-dimensional stereoscopic images.

Abstract: Optical films are described. In particular, optical films including a broadband polymeric multilayer optical reflector and a discontinuous transparent coating disposed on the broadband multilayer optical reflector, where the discontinuous transparent coating includes an array of dots are described. Such films may provide reduced coefficients of friction while still having high specular reflectivity.

Abstract: Provided is a retroreflective structure and a light-emitting safety band using same. The retroreflective structure comprises: a switch unit for supplying power, a light source being connected to the switch unit; and a light-emitting unit coupled to the switch unit. The switch unit comprises: a middle plate case having a light transfer body insertion hole formed thereon; an upper plate case coupled to the upper portion of the middle plate case; and a PCB inserted into the middle plate case and the upper plate case. The light-emitting unit comprises: a lower retroreflective film; and a light transfer body installed to be forced against the upper portion of the retroreflective film. The light source is inserted into and installed in a light source insertion groove on an end of the light transfer body having a case engaging unit installed to engage with the light transfer body insertion hole.

Abstract: Disclosed is a near-infrared absorbing composition, including: a near-infrared absorbing agent; and a solvent, wherein the near-infrared absorbing agent includes at least one of the following Component (A) and Component (B): Component (A): a component composed of a compound having a structure of the following general formula (I) and a metal ion; Component (B): a component composed of a metal complex that is obtainable by a reaction of the compound having the structure of the following general formula (I) and a metal compound.

Abstract: A decoration element is described. The decoration element includes a light reflective layer; a light absorbing layer provided on the light reflective layer; and a color developing layer comprising a color film, wherein the color developing layer is provided: on a surface of the light reflective layer opposite to a surface of the light reflective layer facing the light absorbing layer; between the light reflective layer and the light absorbing layer; or on a surface of the light absorbing layer opposite to a surface of the light absorbing layer facing the light reflective layer.

Abstract: An absorption type near-infrared filter comprising a first multilayer film, a second multilayer film, and an absorption film, wherein in the ultraviolet band, the difference of between the wavelength with the transmittance at 80% of the absorbing film and the wavelength with the reflectivity at 80% of the first multilayer film falls in the range between 25 nm and 37 nm, the difference of between the wavelength with the transmittance at 50% of the absorbing film and the wavelength with the reflectivity at 50% of the first multilayer film falls in the range between 6 nm and 14 nm, and the difference of between the wavelength with the transmittance at 20% of the absorbing film and the wavelength with the reflectivity at 20% of the first multilayer film falls in the range between ?6 nm and 2.5 nm.

Abstract: A laminate including a horizontally oriented liquid crystal cured film that is a cured material of a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing at least one type of polymerizable liquid crystal compound, and a vertically oriented liquid crystal cured film is provided. The horizontally oriented liquid crystal cured film is the cured material of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition in which the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is cured in a state of being horizontally oriented with respect to a plane of the liquid crystal cured film, and satisfies the following formulae: nxA(450)>nyA(450)>nzA(450) and ReA(450)/ReA(550)<1.00.

Abstract: Provided is an optical film that can eliminate rainbow unevenness when viewed with the naked eyes and provide favorable color tone uniformity when viewed at an oblique angle. This optical film has a low-refractive index layer on a plastic film, the plastic film has a slow axis that is an axis with the largest refractive index in a plane, and a fast axis that is an axis orthogonal to the slow axis in the plane of the plastic film, and the low-refractive index layer is located on the surface of the optical film. Linearly polarized light is incident, under predetermined conditions, from a surface on a side opposite to the low-refractive index layer of the optical film, and transmitted light of the linearly polarized light is used to measure the a* value and b* value of the L*a*b* color system at 11 measurement points with different angles.

Abstract: A polarizing plate may have high transmittance characteristics and suppressed reflected light. An optical device may be provided with the polarizing plate. The polarizing plate may have a wire grid structure that includes a transparent substrate and grid-like projection portions arranged on the transparent substrate at a pitch shorter than the wavelength of light in a used bandwidth and extending in a predetermined direction. The grid-like projection portions may each have a reflective layer and a dielectric layer in order from the transparent substrate side. When viewed from the predetermined direction, the reflective layer has may have a step on the side thereof and may have the largest bottom width on the transparent substrate side.

Abstract: There is provided a light emitting device that can be used as a light guide plate and has an excellent antireflection function to extraneous light, and an optical body includes: a base material; a macro concave-convex structure that is formed on one surface of the base material and emits internally propagating light that is injected in an inside of the base material from a side surface of the base material, from another surface of the base material; and a micro concave-convex structure formed periodically to follow each of both surfaces of the base material and a surface of the macro concave-convex structure, and having an average period of concavity and convexity of less than or equal to a wavelength of visible light. The surface of the macro concave-convex structure has an inclined surface, and an arrangement of the micro concave-convex structure is a zigzag arrangement.

Abstract: Provided are a light diffuser in which the brightness or hue in an emission surface of the light diffuser is controlled, a lighting device, and a method of manufacturing such a light diffuser. A light diffuser (100) includes: an incident surface (121) to receive first light (Li); a light scattering portion (110) that includes light scattering particles (112) present in a medium (111) and generates scattered light by guiding the received first light and scattering the received first light with the light scattering particles; and an emission surface (122) to emit the scattered light, wherein a concentration of the light scattering particles in the light scattering portion is distributed such that the concentration increases non-linearly and continuously or discontinuously with distance from an incident edge in a light guiding direction of the first light in the light scattering portion.

Abstract: An optical fiber according to an embodiment has a structure capable of reducing an increase in transmission loss. The optical fiber includes a glass part extending in a direction of a central axis, and the glass part is comprised of silica-based glass, includes a core and a cladding, and has residual stress approximately uniform throughout a cross section of the glass part orthogonal to the central axis, the core having the central axis and being doped with chlorine with a mass fraction of 1% or more, the cladding surrounding the core and having a refractive index lower than a maximum refractive index of the core.