Abstract: A vacuum pump that allows for timely inspection and replacement of a temperature adjustment means, prevents unexpected stopping, and limits the maintenance cost, and a controller that controls the vacuum pump are proposed. The present disclosure relates to a vacuum pump for exhausting gas from an apparatus, such as manufacturing equipment, subjected to exhaustion. The vacuum pump includes: a temperature adjustment means for causing a predetermined area of the vacuum pump to have a predetermined temperature; an output control means configured to operate the temperature adjustment means; and an information output means configured to output information regarding ON/OFF of the temperature adjustment means obtained from the output control means.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluid pump comprising at least one impeller blade (1, 1?, 1?) which is rotatable about an axis of rotation (3) and conveys a fluid in operation and comprising a support device (4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 12?, 13, 13?, 14, 14?, 15, 17) which supports the at least one impeller blade (1, 1?, 1?) in at least one support region, wherein the support device is changeable between a first state in which the rotor is radially compressed and a second state in which the rotor is radially expanded; and wherein at least one impeller blade extends at least partly radially inwardly with respect to the axis of rotation (3) from the support region/support regions in the radially expanded state of the rotor.

Abstract: A fan module includes a hub, a plurality of fan blades, and a ring frame. The hub is configured to rotate about a central axis. The plurality of fan blades surround the hub. Each of the plurality of fan blades includes a first end portion connected to the hub and a second end portion opposite to the first end portion. The ring frame is connected to the second end portion of each of the plurality of fan blades. The ring frame includes a first surface facing the plurality of fan blades and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the first surface is a curved surface.

Abstract: A fan, comprising blades (102), an upper hub (111), and a lower hub (112). Each blade (102) comprises a connecting part (211). The connecting part (211) is clamped between a lower surface of the upper hub (111) and an upper surface of the lower hub (112). The lower surface of the upper hub (111) is provided with an upper hub connecting area, and the upper surface of the lower hub (112) is provided with a lower hub connecting area. An upper surface and a lower surface of the connecting part (211) are separately provided with a junction surface extending from the connecting part (211). The lower surface of the upper hub (111) and the upper surface of the lower hub (112) are separately provided with a matching surface matching the junction surface.

Abstract: A blower unit can include an outer housing, an inlet subassembly, a fan subassembly, an outlet subassembly, and a grommet. The outer housing can have an aperture extend along a first axis between first and second ends. The inlet subassembly can be received in the first end of the aperture. The fan subassembly can be received in the aperture adjacent to the inlet subassembly and include at least one wire. The outlet subassembly can be received in the second end. The grommet can be positioned between at least part of the second end and the outlet subassembly. The at least one wire can extend through the grommet. The grommet can seal against the at least one wire. The grommet can seal between the outer housing and the outlet subassembly.

Abstract: Disclosed is side liner for a centrifugal pump. The side liner comprises an aperture for access to a central chamber of the centrifugal pump through the side liner. The side liner also comprises a plurality of grooves on a surface contacting material pumped by the centrifugal pump, the plurality of grooves extending radially from an inner edge of the surface, located near the aperture, to an outer edge.

Abstract: A fan case assembly adapted for use with a gas turbine engine includes a case at extends circumferentially at least partway about an axis of the gas turbine engine and a plurality of vanes. The case is formed to define a channel that that extends circumferentially at least partway about the axis. The plurality of vanes are arranged in the channel and spaced apart circumferentially about the axis.

Abstract: A compressor system includes a compressor and a supply control unit that controls a state of supply of water and a state of supply of oil. The supply control unit includes a rate-of-change acquisition unit that acquires a rate of change in efficiency of the compressor, a supply amount acquisition unit that acquires the amount of supply of the oil, an operating cost acquisition unit that acquires an operation cost from the rate of change, an oil cost acquisition unit that acquires an oil cost from the amount of supply of the oil, and a cost relationship acquisition unit that acquires a plurality of provisional relationship values that are the relationship between the operating cost and the oil cost under each of the plurality of provisional cleaning conditions.

Abstract: The main purpose in producing this innovative farming machinery is to reduce water, labor, and equipment costs associated with tradition siphon irrigation. Siphon pipes are commonly used in the agricultural industry for row crop irrigation. Traditional harvests involving this irrigation method include corn, beans, tomatoes, and alfalfa, among others. The irrigation method is commonly used throughout the United States, India, and Australia.

Abstract: A baler connectable to a tractor for providing round bales comprises: a frame supported on a wheel axle; a chamber, for receiving crops and for housing a formed bale, the chamber having a fixed, predetermined size; a tailgate connected to the frame and movable between a closed position and an open position; a conveying assembly which has a first portion provided in the frame and a second portion provided in the tailgate; a cylinder-piston actuator, which includes a closing chamber and moves the tailgate from the open position to the closed position; a binder, configured for binding the formed bale with a fastening element; a pressure sensor for detecting a control signal representative of a pressure inside the closing chamber of the cylinder-piston actuator; a control unit, configured to generate an alert signal as a function of the control signal.

Abstract: A pneumatic actuator for imparting velocity to a resting object, comprising a fixed member and a ram, the ram having two or more generally elongated ram members, wherein the fixed member is formed with a base plate having an inlet hole therethrough, the ram members are formed and disposed concentrically about the center axis so as to lie one within another and to move in a telescopic arrangement, the innermost one of the ram members is configured to enable it to be driven by any pressurized gas fed through the inlet hole and to drive the object, and each of the other ram members is configured to move only behind the innermost ram member; the actuator being operative to move the innermost ram member along its entire range of motion and thereby impart velocity to the object.

Abstract: A working cylinder which has end-position damping. A piston ring passes over an axially offset pressure medium connection and encloses a pressure medium damping volume. The piston ring includes a ring joint which has a base section and a projection section. The piston ring is of sealing construction. The pressure medium flows out of the pressure medium damping volume via an axial transfer channel, which can be defined by an axial cylinder-tube groove or an axial piston-ring groove. Also, there is a damping piston ring, which is of sealing construction and which has an axial piston-ring groove.

Abstract: A coiled filter for use in a hydraulic braking system of a vehicle comprises a coiled mesh-like structure which is configured to be installed around a first surface of a cylindrical hydraulic component. The coiled filter is configured to have an internal spring force as a retention force which couples the filter to the first surface of the cylindrical hydraulic component. The filter may be pre-coiled prior to installation by plastically deforming to a diameter that is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical hydraulic component on which the filter is installed.

Abstract: An object of the invention of the present application is to provide a hydraulic system that is capable of causing a control pressure outputted from a solenoid valve to follow a control request value quickly at the time the solenoid valve starts to be driven.

Abstract: A retaining device for attachment of objects to a wall surface includes a main body, a fastening arrangement, and a cover lockable to the main body that arches over the fastening arrangement. The main body has a bottom side, that faces the wall during mounting, and a top side, that faces away and includes a retaining ring. The fastening arrangement includes a fastener and a centering cap which fixes the fastener. The bottom side of the main body has a circular-ring-shaped surface, on inner and outer edges of which, in each case, one closed encircling web is provided which faces away from the bottom side. Two passage openings are provided in the circular-ring surface between the top and bottom sides. When attached, the main body is pressed onto the wall and an adhesive is injected through one of the passage openings until it emerges again at the other passage opening.

Abstract: A fastener is provided. The fastener includes a housing with a housing opening and a collet body at least partially enclosed within the housing, the collet body includes a crown having a crown opening with a threaded section and a leg that extends from the crown and including a foot. The fastener further includes a screw with a head positioned in the housing opening, an upper threaded section, and a lower unthreaded section, where the housing opening and the crown include a set of splined protrusions and a set of splined recesses mated with one another, where the sets of splined protrusions and recesses include ramps and are designed to permit the collet body and the screw to transition into a free-spin configuration, and where a spring is designed to exert a return force on the collet body or the screw when the fastener is in the free-spin configuration.

Abstract: A clamping device includes a primary member with a central passage and a clamping member connected to the primary member. The clamping member includes an annular body that extends around the central passage between first and second ends. The device also includes an actuator mechanism with an actuator connected to the primary member at a pivot connection, and a pivot arm pivotably connected to the actuator at an eccentric connection spaced from the pivot connection. The actuator pivots between an unlocked position and a locked position, where the pivot arm engages the second end of the clamping member to move the first and second ends closer together. When moving the actuator mechanism from the unlocked to the locked position, the pivot arm travels ahead of the eccentric connection and/or toward the second end of the clamping member. Moving the actuator mechanism from the locked to the unlocked position causes the opposite movement.

Abstract: A blind fastener is disclosed having a bolt part, a sleeve part, and a tubular insulating sheath. The bolt part is at least partially received within the sleeve part. A first end of the sheath is retained on the bolt part such that relative axial movement between the first end of the sheath and the bolt part is substantially prevented. The blind fastener is movable between: a pre-installation configuration in which the sleeve part has a first axial position relative to the bolt part and a predetermined section of the sheath is adjacent an outer surface of the sleeve part; and a post-installation configuration in which the sleeve part has a second, different axial position relative to the bolt part and the predetermined section of the sheath is adjacent an inner surface of the sleeve part.

Abstract: An electric connector comprises a wall surrounding a receptacle that receives a strand of an electric wire and having a threaded hole extending through the wall and opening into the receptacle, and a fastener bolt screwed into the threaded hole and clamping the electric wire. The fastener bolt includes a bolt part having a head section, a thread section and a shearing section connecting the head section and the thread section. The fastener bolt further includes a nut part screwed onto the thread section. The shearing section is adapted to break if a predetermined fastening torque is exceeded. The thread section is hollow and has a predetermined tensile breaking strength.

Abstract: A battery module includes a cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of battery cells; a bus bar frame assembly having a bus bar frame configured to cover the longitudinal sides of the cell stack and a plurality of bus bars fixed on the bus bar frame and electrically connected to the battery cells; a module terminal having a lead connection fixed on the bus bar frame and electrically connected to the battery cells and a head connected to the lead connection to extend above the lead connection; a terminal nut located below the head; and a frame cover having a nut accommodation portion configured to accommodate the terminal nut and a bolt accommodation portion to accommodate a bolt passing through the head and the terminal nut, the frame cover being configured to cover the bus bar frame assembly so that the head is exposed to an outside.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a locking nut (10), comprising: a body (20) and a bore passing through said body along a main axis, the body comprising: a bearing face (30); a drive surface (32); and at least one through-hole (38), substantially perpendicular to the main axis from the radial drive surface. The body further comprises a locking collar (36) of elliptical shape; and the drive surface comprises an upper region (50) and a lower region (52), adjacent along the main axis, the lower region being situated between the upper region and the bearing surface; a perimeter of the lower region around the main axis being greater than a perimeter of the upper region; the at least one through-hole (38) extending from the upper region (50).

Abstract: A fall protection device configured to retain and prevent the fall of a connecting pin used for an end-to-end assembly of two frame elements of a structure, the fall protection device includes a clamping collar having at least one internal groove, configurable between an open position capable of authorizing the insertion of an enlarged head of the connecting pin, and at least one closed position capable of locking the enlarged head inside the internal groove. The device further includes a lock cooperating with the clamping collar to lock the clamping collar in the closed position and a mooring link anchored on the clamping collar to moor the device on a fixed element.

Abstract: A flange assembly includes a primary flange and a secondary flange positioned adjacent the primary flange. The primary flange includes a primary flange body defining a primary bolt aperture. The secondary flange includes a secondary flange body defining a secondary bolt aperture. The flange assembly further includes a bolt. The bolt includes a bolt body extending between a head end and a distal end along a bolt axis. The bolt body includes an annular surface disposed about the bolt axis. The bolt body further includes an annular groove formed in the annular surface and disposed about the bolt axis. The bolt body is positioned within the primary bolt aperture and the secondary bolt aperture. The flange assembly further includes a clip attached to the bolt body within the annular groove. The clip is positioned between the between the primary flange and the secondary flange.

Abstract: A screw-latching assembly is provided. The assembly includes a screw with a head, a tip, and a body between the head and tip. The body includes a threaded portion adjacent to the tip and an unthreaded portion adjacent to the head, and the unthreaded portion includes a built-in collar with an outer diameter larger than that of the body. The assembly includes a supporting bracket supporting and partially encompassing a first portion of the screw. The supporting bracket includes a base and multiple sidewalls, with a first sidewall comprising a first opening to allow a second portion of the screw to extend out of the supporting bracket and a second sidewall comprising a second opening to allow access to the head by a torquing tool. The assembly includes a spring surrounding at least a portion of the body, with the spring positioned between the built-in collar and the first sidewall.

Abstract: A telescopic system comprising at least two profiled rails which are guided linearly on one another in the longitudinal direction, are movable relative to one another over a distance and each have a longitudinal profile with longitudinal grooves and/or longitudinal ribs wherein at least one sliding element is provided on each profiled rail, via which sliding element the at least two profiled rails bear against one another in a slidable manner, and which sliding element is arranged so as to be fastened in an axially non-displaceable manner, at least with respect to the longitudinal direction, on the longitudinal profile of the associated profiled rail. Such a telescopic system is intended to be simpler in design and able to be mounted more easily.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a composite (e.g. fibre-reinforced polymer) connector for a fluid transfer conduit comprises: providing a tubular mandrel which extends substantially parallel to a central axis C; winding continuous fibre reinforcement, impregnated with a thermosetting polymer, around the mandrel to form a tubular hub portion which extends substantially parallel to the central axis C; curing the hub portion; placing the hub portion into a mould featuring at least one cavity; and introducing polymer into the mould so as to fill the at least one cavity to form a flange portion around the hub portion.

Abstract: A rolling bearing has an inner and an outer bearing ring. Each bearing ring has an inner and an outer shell surface. The roller bearing has rolling elements, which roll on raceways provided on the respective shell surfaces of the bearing rings, and a sealing disc connected to one of the bearing rings and operatively connected in a sealing manner to the other bearing ring. To connect the sealing disc to the bearing ring, one of the shell surfaces of the one bearing ring includes a first connecting means and the sealing disc includes a second connecting means. The first connecting means provide a rotating engagement in which the second connecting means engage in a connected state of the bearing ring and the sealing disc.

Abstract: A bearing device includes: a magnetic ring fixed to an inner ring; and a stator fixed to an outer ring so as to face magnetic ring. Magnetic ring and stator constitute a claw pole type generator. Stator includes a coil and a magnetic yoke surrounding coil. The magnetic yoke is configured by combining a first member and a second member that are magnetic bodies. First member and second member have an identical shape. Each of first member and second member has a plurality of second claws arranged in a comb shape. A plurality of first claws of first member and the plurality of second claws of second member are alternately arranged on a surface facing magnetic ring.

Abstract: Provided in one embodiment of the present invention is a bearing assembly comprising: an outer ring in which a hollow is formed and which has a protrusion protruding toward a central direction along the inner circumferential surface and a first ball contact portion and a second ball contact portion that are formed by the protrusion; an inner ring having a third ball contact portion on the outer circumferential surface and forming a first track portion and a second track portion by being inserted into the hollow; and at least one bearing ball disposed between the outer ring and the inner ring to rotatably connect the outer ring and the inner ring, wherein the bearing balls are arranged in multiple rows in the first track portion and the second track portion and are configured to contact each of the ball contact portions.

Abstract: A sealing system includes a casing with an internal seat, a front edge, an opening, and a radially external lateral surface defining an annular seat. The annular seat includes an annular groove axially spaced from the front edge, itself including one or more mechanical stops, and a plurality of axial grooves connected to the annular groove and interrupting radially at least part of the front edge. The annular groove defines a bottom wall provided with projections spaced from one another and defining depressions, the projections circumferentially offset from the axial grooves. The sealing system further includes a cover with a bottom wall and an annular coupling portion. A radially inner surface of the annular coupling portion includes teeth projecting radially inward and spaced circumferentially from each other. The annular seat is configured to receive the at least one pair of teeth of the annular coupling portion of the cover.

Abstract: An assembly tool (104) for positioning the rolling elements (150, 155) of a bearing assembly (100) during a preloading operation includes a roller seating actuator (400) configured to be removably coupled to a portion of the bearing assembly during the preloading operation, and a roller seating ring (420) movably coupled to the roller seating actuator. The roller seating ring includes a distal end (440) configured to engage an end of a rolling element of the bearing assembly. A biasing member (460) is positioned between the roller seating actuator and the roller seating ring and biases the roller seating ring away from roller seating actuator such that the distal end of the roller seating ring engages and presses the rolling element axially into engagement with a rib (145) of a race of the bearing assembly.

Abstract: A sintered metal connecting rod (10) includes as an integrated body, a large end portion (11), a small end portion (12), and a stem portion (13). In the sintered metal connecting rod (10), division marks (14a, 14b) of a molding die by a compression molding are formed between the large end portion (11) and the stem portion (13) and between the small end portion (12) and the stem portion (13) on one of front and back surface (11c to 13c) in which the through-holes (11a, 12a) are formed, respectively. The large end portion (11) and the stem portion (13) have a density difference of 4% or less, and the small end portion (12) and the stem portion (13) have a density difference of 4% or less.

Abstract: A central release mechanism, in particular for a hydraulic release system of a clutch system of a motor vehicle, including a central release mechanism housing with an annular central release mechanism piston chamber in which a central release mechanism piston is received axially movably by a hydraulic liquid that can be supplied to the central release mechanism piston chamber. The central release mechanism has at least one central release mechanism piston seal which seals the central release mechanism piston with respect to the central release mechanism piston chamber, and the central release mechanism piston seal is arranged in the central release mechanism housing so as to be axially secured at least on one side by a securing ring, the securing ring being connectable to the central release mechanism housing by means of a bayonet connection.

Abstract: An actuator for connecting and disconnecting a dog clutch having an axially moveable sleeve (3), the actuator (4) comprising an electric motor (6), wherein a rotor (61) of the motor is connected to a rotatable actuator rod (7), which is provided at its end with an eccentric pin (5) for such cooperation with the clutch sleeve (3) that a rotation of the actuator rod (7) 180° or less by means of the motor from a rotational position corresponding to one axial end position of the clutch sleeve (3) to a rotational position corresponding to the other axial end position of the clutch sleeve (3) leads to a connection or disconnection of the dog clutch.

Abstract: A dual plunging constant velocity (CV) drive shaft is provided for communicating rotational forces from a transaxle to a drive wheel of a vehicle. The dual plunging CV drive shaft comprises a drive shaft that transfers torque from the transaxle to the drive wheel. An inboard plunging CV joint is coupled between the transaxle and the drive shaft, and an outboard plunging CV joint is coupled between the drive shaft and the drive wheel. The inboard and outboard plunging CV joints each comprises an elongate housing that receives a CV joint coupled with the drive shaft. The inboard and outboard plunging CV joints communicate rotational forces from the transaxle to the drive wheel during vertical pivoting of a trailing arm coupled with the outboard plunging CV joint. The elongate housings allow the drive shaft to “float” longitudinally, as needed, during extreme pivoting motion of the suspension.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing a tooth shear strength without also increasing a torsional rigidity of a flexible sleeve disposed between two hubs of a flexible coupling for transmitting mechanical motion between two shafts includes attaching a stiffening caps to both ends of a flexible sleeve, between the flexible sleeve and the hubs.

Abstract: This clutch control device includes a clutch device configured to connect or disconnect power transmission between a prime mover and an output target, a clutch actuator configured to output a drive force for actuating the clutch device, and a control unit configured to control driving of the clutch actuator, in which the clutch actuator includes a plurality of drive sources that output the drive force.

Abstract: The vehicular disc brake comprises a caliper bracket 3, a caliper body 6 attached to the caliper bracket 3, and friction pads 7, 7 disposed on both sides of a disc rotor 2, and the caliper body 6 comprises an action part 6a provided with cylinder holes 6f, 6g through which a large-diameter piston 10 and a small-diameter piston 11 are inserted, and a bridge part 6c extending across the outer periphery of the disc rotor 2. Thinned parts 6n, 6p are provided respectively in positions corresponding to the pistons 10, 11 in a disc-radially inner wall 6i of the bridge part 6c. The volume of the thinned part 6b corresponding to the large-diameter piston 10 on the disc turn-out side when the vehicle is moving forward is less than the volume of the thinned part 6p corresponding to the small-diameter piston 11 on the disc turn-in side.

Abstract: Protruding portions protruding in a direction of approaching a disc rotor are integrally formed in a locking plate portion of a pad spring. Moreover, an insulating resin coating is formed on a front surface side (surface in a region opposed to an outer peripheral surface of the disc rotor) of the locking plate portion. The coating film formed on the front surface of the locking plate portion flows downward by its own weight before the coating material is solidified. As a result, the coating film formed on bottom surfaces (front surfaces of protrusions) of the protruding portions is thinner in film thickness than that of the coating film in other region.

Abstract: A brake module (1) of a wheel module (2) has an anchor plate (20) adjacent to a wheel (10) and is indefinitely rotatable about the steering axis (L) with the wheel (10). A lifting unit (30) is fixed adjacent to the anchor plate (20) and fixed about the steering axis (L). A brake wheel (21) is arranged on the wheel shaft (11) and is rotatable about the wheel axis (R) with the wheel (10). At least one transfer element (22, 22?) extends from the anchor plate (20) towards the brake wheel (21). The lifting unit (30) is configured to move the anchor plate (20) from a first state to a second state. In the first state, the elements (20, 30, 22, 22?) are spaced apart without any contact. In the second state, the at least one transfer element (22, 22?) abuts against the brake wheel (21) generating a brake force at the brake wheel (21).

Abstract: Disclosed is a braking system including a brake pad, the pad including a backing plate with a first face and a second face, and a lining made of friction material and fixed to the first face, the lining being delimited by a friction face, a mounting face, an inner edge, an outer edge, a rear edge, and a front edge, the lining being provided with at least one collection groove which is open to the friction face, which extends at its first end towards the inner edge and which has an opening at its second end towards the outer edge. The braking system further includes a collection system which includes a collection pipe through which air can flow, the air inlet orifice of the collection pipe being located opposite the second end, and the collection groove is open to the outer edge at its second end.

Abstract: A disc brake for commercial vehicle includes a brake caliper and brake pads for clamping the brake disc. The brake caliper has a first inside space with an opening on a side facing the brake disc for receiving a clamping device, and the brake caliper has a second inside space for receiving the brake disc. The brake caliper and brake pads have advantages in terms of installation space and is lightweight and reduces production costs. The brake caliper includes clamping-side lugs and reaction-side lugs. The lugs on each side define a channel for receiving the brake pads for each side. The brake pads include supporting surfaces and bearing surfaces on their perimeter that correspond to the arrangement of the lugs. The lugs on the clamping side define an L-shape. The axial length of supporting surfaces of the clamping side brake pad is shorter than that of the clamping-side lugs.

Abstract: A sintered friction material, in which a content of a copper component is 0.5 mass % or less, is provided. The sintered friction material includes a titanate and a metal material other than copper, as a matrix. A content of the metal material other than copper is 10.0 volume % to 34.0 volume %. A method for manufacturing a sintered friction material is provided. The method includes a mixing step of mixing raw materials containing a titanate and a metal material other than copper, a molding step of molding the raw materials mixed in the mixing step, and a sintering step of sintering, at 900° C. to 1300° C., a molded product molded in the molding step. In the sintered friction material, the titanate and the metal material other than copper form a matrix, and a content of the metal material other than copper is 10.0 volume % to 34.0 volume %.

Abstract: A breakaway axle coupling assembly attaches to a drive axle of an off-road vehicle. The vehicle drive axle includes first and second elongated axle sections. The first axle section has a proximal end operatively connected to the vehicle differential and an opposite distal end. The second axle section has a proximal end operatively connected to a wheel of the vehicle and an opposite distal end. The breakaway axle coupling assembly incorporates first and second couplers located at the distal ends of the first and second axle sections, and including a shear pin joining the first and second couplers together at an intermediate stress concentration point in the vehicle drive axle.

Abstract: A spring system that includes an adjustable spring system that is operated by a motor.

Abstract: A system and method for modifying motion of a liquid is provided. Containers are disposed within a liquid contained within a tank. Each container has an open end. Each container is disposed in the liquid such that a portion of the liquid fills a portion of each container to seal its open end. A remainder of each container is filled with a gas. At least one gas pressurization source is in fluid communication with the remainder or gas-containing portion of at least one of the containers for pressurizing the gas therein. Pressure is applied to the gas in each container. For each container, the portion of the liquid contained therein and the pressure applied to the gas therein cooperate to modify movement of the liquid in the tank.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes: a cylinder; a piston slidably inserted into the cylinder; a piston rod connected to the piston and extending outside the cylinder; a main valve that generates a damping force; a pilot chamber that applies pressure to the main valve; an introduction passage that introduces the fluid into the pilot chamber; a pilot passage that communicates the pilot chamber and a downstream side of the main valve with each other; and a control valve provided in the pilot passage. In an upstream side of the pilot passage from the control valve, the pilot passage is provided with a first orifice, a first passage provided in parallel with the first orifice, a first check valve that is opened at a predetermined differential pressure and allows a flow toward the control valve through the first passage, and a second orifice.

Abstract: A damper device may include a damper tube and a backpack valve arrangement. The damper tube comprises an outer wall with a first passage opening. The backpack valve arrangement may be arranged in a backpack housing, and the backpack housing may have a second passage opening. The first passage opening and the second passage opening may be connected via a first duct of a connecting element. The damper tube may have a main extension axis, and the first and second passage openings may be offset from one another in a direction of the main extension axis. In some cases the connecting element is non-integral with the damper tube, and the connecting element is non-integral with the backpack housing.

Abstract: An industrial gas spring with a pressure chamber in a casing with an end wall, a piston rod received at least in part in the casing for reciprocation between extended and retracted positions and a pressure relief assembly carried by the end wall. The pressure relief assembly may have a membrane communicating with the pressure chamber and a plunger configured to breach the membrane when engaged and moved by the piston rod when it overtravels its design intended retracted position.

Abstract: A mechanical system with a double-sided chain, composed of a driving wheel (S1), a tensioner wheel (S2) for the chain (1), a driven wheel (S3) and a chain (1), which winds around the wheels (S1) and (S2), and engages the wheel (S3) on its outer side, characterized in that the wheel centres (S1), (S2) and (S3) are not collinear, whereas the position of wheel axis (S2) in relation to wheel axis (S1) and (S3) determines the line of operation of chain (1) and determines the optimal angle alpha between the direction of the force vector F and the perpendicular to the straight line joining the centres of tensioner wheel (S2) and driven wheel (S3), and passing through point (B) where force F1 is applied. while the value of the angle alpha is equal 15 degrees.