Abstract: A hot melt adhesive composition comprises at least one styrene block copolymer, at least one acid modified rubber, and a tackifying resin comprising at least one acid tackifying resin. The hot melt adhesive composition can be used to bond substrates. The invention further relates to an article comprising the hot melt adhesive composition, to the use of a combination of an acid modified rubber and an acid tackifying resin for improving the aged wet adhesiveness of a hot melt adhesive composition, and to the use of a non-acid tackifying resin having a softening point of at least 110° C. for improving the initial adhesiveness of a hot melt adhesive composition comprising a combination of an acid modified rubber and an acid tackifying resin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyurethane adhesive composition for film lamination, in particular in food flexible packaging. Further, the present invention relates to method of manufacturing a laminate by using the polyurethane adhesive composition and the laminate obtainable by the described method.

Abstract: One implementation of the present disclosure relates to a bonding composition for an electrical steel sheet, comprising an adhesive resin and a bonding additive, wherein the adhesive resin is polyurethane formed by reacting a polyol and a monomer represented by a specific chemical formula.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a masking material having excellent peeling properties even if the drying step is reduced, preferably without the drying step. There is provided a curable composition comprising: (A1) a prepolymer represented by (Formula1): (CH2?C(R1)—CO—O—R2—O—CO—NH—R3—NH—CO)n—R4 wherein each of R is independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, each of R2 is independently an aliphatic group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, each of R3 is independently an aromatic or aliphatic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms and R4 is an aromatic or aliphatic group having a number average molecular weight at least 500 and having a polycarbonate backbone and/or a polyester backbone and n is an integer from 2 to 4 and (A2) a non-polymer represented by (Formula2): (CH2?C(R5)—CO—O—R6—O—CO—NH)m—R7 wherein each of R5 is independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, each of R6 is independently an aliphatic group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A curable hot-melt silicone composition, comprising, (A) a resinous alkenyl group-containing organopolysiloxane that includes at least two alkenyl groups and at least one aryl group per molecule, (B) a curable linear organopolysiloxane that includes at least one aryl group per molecule, (C) a curable linear or branched organopolysiloxane that includes at least one aryl group per molecule, where the aryl group content is 40 mol % or more for (A), (B), and (C), (D) a silicone reactive compatibilizer having a weight-average molecular weight of 1000 or less, that is selected from: (D-1) cyclic organopolysiloxanes; (D-2) MQ resins; and (D-3) organopolysiloxanes different from component (A), that include at least one (ArSiO3/2) unit per molecule or that have an aryl group content of 20 mol % or less, (E) an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having at least 2 silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule, that is different from component (D), and (F) a curing catalyst.

Abstract: An adhesive composition for use in debonding with infrared radiation, which composition can achieve debonding through irradiation with an infrared ray, the composition including a component (A) which is cured through hydrosilylation and a component (B) which is at least one species selected from the group consisting of a component containing an epoxy-modified polyorganosiloxane, a component containing a methyl group-containing polyorganosiloxane, and a component containing a phenyl group-containing polyorganosiloxane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a curable composition comprising (i) humidity-curable prepolymer such as a humidity-curable polyurethane, silicone or polysulfone prepolymer; (ii) thermally conductive nano-filler selected from graphene, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, and mixtures thereof; (iii) optionally, another thermally conductive nano-filler; and (iv) optionally, thermally conductive macro-filler. The composition combines high thermal conductivity with high electrical resistivity and low density. The composition is particularly useful for adhering bottom plates of battery casings to metal parts of vehicles and ensures excellent heat transfer from the battery to the environment.

Abstract: Provided is a novel low-GWP mixed refrigerant. A composition comprising a refrigerant, the refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), the total content of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1234yf, and R134a being 99.5 mass % or more based on the total of the refrigerant.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a poly(hydroxy)urethane (PHU) foam, a phase change material (PCM), and a solid additive, where the PHU foam includes a plurality of voids, at least a portion of the voids contain the PCM and the solid additive, and the composition is capable of being repeatedly cycled through a temperature range, resulting in the PCM cycling between a solid phase and a liquid phase. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the PCM may include at least one of a hydrated salt, a paraffin wax, a sugar alcohol, a fatty acid, and/or a eutectic mixture.

Abstract: The present application can provide a curable composition capable of securing processability due to excellent blending properties with a filler while having little viscosity change with time and for forming a cured product having excellent electrical insulation performance, and can provide a device comprising, between an exothermic element and a cooling region, a cured product of a tow-component curable composition including the curable composition in thermal contact with both.

Abstract: A heat transfer fluid or thermal management system fluid that includes a freezing point depressant; water having an electrical conductivity less than 5 ?S/cm; and a corrosion inhibitor composition that includes one or more electrically non-conductive, low electrical conductivity corrosion inhibitors, or a combination of one or more organic acid and one or more organic base; wherein a conductivity of the heat transfer fluid is less than or equal to about 500 ?S/cm.

Abstract: A drilling fluid composition includes an aqueous base fluid, 0.01 to 10 wt. % of a date palm leaves extract (DPLE), 1 to 10 wt. % of clay particles, and 0.01 to 1 wt. % of a base, where each wt. % based on a total weight of the drilling fluid composition. The DPLE is homogenously disposed on surfaces of the clay particles. The clay particles disposed with the DPLE are present in the drilling fluid composition in the form of a composite. A pellet made from the clay particles treated with the DPLE has a swelling value at least 75% less than a swelling value of the pellet in an aqueous composition that does not contain the DLPE. A method of making the drilling fluid composition.

Abstract: A drilling fluid composition includes an aqueous base fluid, 0.01 to 10 wt. % of a date palm leaves extract (DPLE), 1 to 10 wt. % of clay particles, and 0.01 to 1 wt. % of a base, where each wt. % based on a total weight of the drilling fluid composition. The DPLE is homogenously disposed on surfaces of the clay particles. The clay particles disposed with the DPLE are present in the drilling fluid composition in the form of a composite. A pellet made from the clay particles treated with the DPLE has a swelling value at least 75% less than a swelling value of the pellet in an aqueous composition that does not contain the DLPE. A method of making the drilling fluid composition.

Abstract: A drilling fluid composition includes an aqueous base fluid, 0.01 to 10 wt. % of a date palm leaves extract (DPLE), 1 to 10 wt. % of clay particles, and 0.01 to 1 wt. % of a base, where each wt. % based on a total weight of the drilling fluid composition. The DPLE is homogenously disposed on surfaces of the clay particles. The clay particles disposed with the DPLE are present in the drilling fluid composition in the form of a composite. A pellet made from the clay particles treated with the DPLE has a swelling value at least 75% less than a swelling value of the pellet in an aqueous composition that does not contain the DLPE. A method of making the drilling fluid composition.

Abstract: Water-dispersible polymer powder composition for use as additive in cementing in subterranean formations comprising at least particles of a styrene-butadiene polymer, a water-soluble polymer, and a non-ionic emulsifier, wherein the styrene-butadiene polymer particles are at least partly covered by and/or embedded in a composition comprising at least the water-soluble polymer, process of making such compositions, by spray-drying an aqueous dispersion comprising said particles of a styrene-butadiene polymer and a water-soluble polymer, wherein at least one non-ionic emulsifier is added before or after spray-drying, and the use of such water-dispersible polymer powder compositions for cementing in subterranean formations penetrated by at least a well bore.

Abstract: A nitrogen-carbon dioxide mixed gas jet apparatus for a horizontal well and an exploitation method is presented. The jet apparatus includes: an offshore platform, a natural gas processing unit, and a pressurizing unit, wherein a portion of the gas exploitation pipe in the hydrate layer is provided with a gas injection horizontal well; a mixed gas jet unit and a nozzle assembly are disposed in the gas injection horizontal well; the mixed gas jet unit is configured to mix nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and then inject the mixed gas into a hydrate deposition layer through the nozzle assembly, so that the mixed gas replaces methane gas in the hydrate deposition layer; the portion of the gas exploitation pipe in the hydrate layer is provided with a gas exploitation horizontal well configured to collect the methane gas and convey the methane gas to the natural gas processing unit.

Abstract: The use of a three-way combination of additives comprising (B)(i) a metal (C10 to C40)hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent; (B)(ii) a poly(C2 to C6)alkenyl-substituted anhydride or poly(C2 to C6)alkenyl-substituted acid; and (B)(iii) an aliphatic hydrocarbyl acid amide, or an aliphatic hydrocarbyl acid imide, or a combination thereof, to inhibit asphaltene precipitation from crude oil.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting sour corrosion of a metal surface including contacting the metal surface and composition in a corrosive medium. The corrosive medium includes hydrogen sulfide. The composition includes an aliphatic alcohol comprising 1 to 6 carbons, a polysorbate, a glycol compound, and a substituted benzimidazole compound. The composition includes a weight ratio of the substituted benzimidazole compound to the polysorbate of 1 to 3.

Abstract: Systems and methods including introducing a plurality of dissolvable CO2 salt pellets into a wellbore in fluid communication with a drilling fluid present within the wellbore; dissolving the dissolvable CO2 salt pellets, thereby releasing CO2gas; and causing air lift in the drilling fluid as the CO2 gas is released.

Abstract: The invention includes methods for stimulating a hydrocarbon-bearing formation by perforating a wellbore and introducing an acidic composition in the wellbore. A preferred embodiment includes inserting an isolation plug in the wellbore at a predetermined location followed by inserting a perforating tool and a breakdown acid into the wellbore. The wellbore is perforated by the tool to create a perforated area. The breakdown acid is allowed to come into contact with the perforated area for a predetermined period of time sufficient to prepare the formation for stimulation. The tool is then removed from the wellbore wherein stimulation of the perforated area is thereby initiated. Also disclosed is a corrosion inhibiting composition for use with the acidic composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides nanostructure compositions and methods of producing nanostructure compositions. The nanostructure compositions comprise a population of nanostructures comprising polythiol ligands with pendant moieties. The polythiol ligand with pendant moieties increase the solubility of the nanostructures in solvents and resins. The present invention also provides nanostructure films comprising the nanostructure compositions and methods of making nanostructure films using the nanostructure compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel polycyclic compound employed by an organic layer of an organic light-emitting device, and an organic light-emitting device employing the compound according to the present invention has markedly improved luminous efficiency. According to the present invention, it is possible to achieve a highly efficient organic light-emitting device which can be effectively applied to a variety of display devices.

Abstract: A quantum dot production method for producing quantum dots made of core particles and shells formed on outer surfaces of the core particles, the quantum dot production method includes: a preparing step of mixing a solution and a shell precursor together, in order to prepare a reaction solution, the solution containing a solvent and the core particles: a heating step of irradiating the core particles with light either in the solution or the reaction solution and generating heat, in order to heat surroundings of the core particles; and a shell forming step of causing reaction of the shell precursor on the outer surfaces of the core particles in the reaction solution, in order to form the shells on the outer surfaces of the core particles.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following formula (1): where X1, X2, Y1 to Y3, L, *a, R1 to R9, R11 to R18, R21 to R27, and R31 to R34 are as defined in the description. A material for an organic electroluminescent device, the material including the compound of formula (1).

Abstract: A polycyclic aromatic compound according to one aspect of the present invention is a compound which, when exposed to excitation light, is observed to emit light having a peak wavelength in the range of 500 nm to 750 nm, has a HOMO level of not more than ?5.7 eV, and emits delayed fluorescence.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a quantum dot complex including a quantum dot, a ligand which is bonded on the surface of the quantum dot and contains a hydrophilic group, and a protective layer which is bonded on the surface of the quantum dot and contains an aluminum oxide. Embodiments also provide a display device which includes the quantum dot complex.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an organic compound and an electroluminescent device. The organic compound has the structure as shown in formula (1), which can be used in an organic electroluminescent device as a hole injection layer material.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an organic compound represented by general formula [1]. In formula [1], R1 to R22 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, and so forth. Ar is selected from the group consisting of a residue of an aromatic hydrocarbon and a residue of a heterocyclic compound. Q1 to Q4 are each independently a direct bond or a linking group. The linking group is selected from the group consisting of C(R23)(R24), N(R25), an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, and a tellurium atom. R23 to R25 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, and so forth. k, l, m, and n are each 0 or 1.

Abstract: The present application provides an organic compound and use thereof, a passivation film, a solar battery, and an electrical apparatus. The organic compound is as shown in formula (1) or is an oxyacid radical salt of the compound as shown in formula (1), wherein Ar is selected from any one of substituted or unsubstituted aryl with 6 to 50 ring atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl with 5 to 50 ring atoms, or substituted arylamino as shown in formula (A); L is selected from acyclic alkylene with 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and R1 is an oxyacid group. The organic compound is capable of improving photon-to-electron conversion efficiency and stability of a solar battery device.

Abstract: A quantum dot having a narrow full width at half maximum, a manufacturing method thereof, and a light-emitting device, an optical member, and an apparatus including the quantum dot are provided.

Abstract: A phosphor contains: a crystal represented by MGa2S4, where M includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr, and Ca; and an element A that functions as a luminescent center, wherein diffraction peaks are observed in a range of 2?=27.6° or more and 28.3° or less and a range of 2?=28.45° or more and 28.75° or less in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained through measurement that uses CuK? rays performed using an X-ray diffractometer. A method for producing a phosphor includes sintering an ingredient composition that contains a gallium element (Ga), a sulfur element (S), an element M, where the element M includes at least one selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr, and Ca and an element A that functions as a luminescent center while a portion of the ingredient composition is melted. A light emitting device includes: a light emitting element that contains the above-described phosphor; and an excitation source.

Abstract: A soil stabilizing composition formed from a first part comprising a first polymer that comprises an acrylate monomer and a second polymer that comprises an acrylamide monomer, wherein first polymer and second polymer directly cross-link. The soil stabilizing composition is also formed from a second part comprising polysaccharide and calcium hydroxide. and a simple carboxylic acid. The first part and the second part are mixed in a composition solvent. The soil stabilizing composition is advantageously able to provide stability to a soil substrate.

Abstract: Some variations provide an oligomer composition comprising: polarizable first thermotropic liquid-crystal oligomer molecules (preferably urethanes or ureas) containing first triggerable reactive end groups, wherein the first triggerable reactive end groups are selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, isocyanate, blocked isocyanate, acrylate, epoxide, amine, vinyl, ester, thiol, conjugated diene, substituted alkene, furan, maleimide, anthracene, and combinations thereof, and wherein the polarizable first thermotropic liquid-crystal oligomer molecules are characterized by a weight-average molecular weight from about 200 g/mol to about 10,000 g/mol; optionally, a plurality of polarizable second thermotropic liquid-crystal oligomer molecules containing second triggerable reactive end groups, wherein the second triggerable reactive end groups are capable of reacting with the first triggerable reactive end groups; and optionally, a reactive coupling agent capable of reacting with the first triggerable reacti

Abstract: A continuous flow pyrolytic reactor (200) equipped with one or more pyrolysis chamber assemblies (204) is disclosed. A positive pressure waste feeder hopper (100) for the pyrolytic reactor and its respective furnace, in addition to a pyrolysis system for the use of waste. The pyrolytic reactor (200) having a plurality of cylindrical pyrolysis chambers (201) provided, within it, with an endless screw conveyor (202) arranged longitudinally. The worm conveyor screw (202) is provided with a shaft (203), the shaft (203) being coupled to the bases of the pyrolysis chamber (201). The shaft (203) is further coupled to a rotation device that transfers torque to the shaft (203) by rotating the worm conveyor screw (202). The cylindrical pyrolysis chambers (201) are housed in an insulating housing (300) having within it two or more assemblies (204). The assemblies (204) are fed by a hopper (100) forming a pyrolysis system.

Abstract: A pyrolysis chamber arrangement includes a pyrolysis chamber, a solid feed system and inner and outer heating elements. The pyrolysis chamber defines a toroidal passage extending along a chamber axis between inlet and outlet ends. The solid feed system includes an auger and ram assembly operable to supply particulate feedstock to the toroidal passage at the inlet end. The inner and outer heating elements extend outside inner and outer walls of the toroidal passage, respectively, and supply thermal input therethrough. An inner passage can be defined in the pyrolysis chamber, allowing gas or other pyrolysis to be accomplished simultaneously with the pyrolysis in the toroidal chamber.

Abstract: A pyrolysis system for biomass includes a pyrolysis chamber having a chamber inlet end and chamber outlet end and an outer pyrolysis chamber having inner and outer chamber walls formed generally concentric to each other defining an outer passage extending between the chamber inlet end and chamber outlet end. An inner pyrolysis chamber has an inner passage extending between the chamber inlet and outlet ends. Outer and inner heating elements are arranged at the outer and inner chamber walls, respectively. A pyrolysis auger advances pyrolyzing biomass from the chamber inlet end to the chamber outlet end. The inner pyrolysis chamber, inner heating elements, pyrolysis auger, outer pyrolysis chamber and outer heating elements are generally concentric. A biomass feed extruder advances biomass orthogonally into the pyrolysis chamber.

Abstract: A system and method for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock utilizes a pyrolysis reactor having a pyrolysis conduit and a solids return conduit segment. Each segment is configured with an outlet and an inlet to receive and discharge solid materials that are circulated through the reactor through the different segments. A solids conveyor is disposed within the pyrolysis conduit segment to facilitate conveying solid materials from the solids inlet upward through the pyrolysis conduit segment toward the solids discharge outlet. A pyrolysis feedstock is introduced into the pyrolysis reactor and at least a portion of the feedstock is converted to pyrolysis gases within the pyrolysis conduit segment, which are discharged through a gas outlet. An eductor condenser unit with an eductor assembly having a venturi-restricted flow path for receives a pressurized coolant fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a method for low-temperature pyrolysis, wherein: waste tire chips are continuously supplied; since a pneumatic method of an intake method and a blowing method is adopted, the waste tire chips may be quickly fed (supplied) by a simple method, and only the waste tire chips may be supplied into a pyrolysis reactor but the inflow of air thereinto may be fundamentally blocked, thereby increasing the pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis reactor and preventing the explosion reaction thereof; and unlike the prior art, a mechanical conveyor supply method is not used, and thus waste tire chip supply equipment can be miniaturized and modularized, thereby enabling the compact design of the pyrolysis equipment, facilitating a pyrolysis operation, facilitating maintenance, and significantly reducing the site area of the pyrolysis equipment or the cost of manpower input for supplying waste tire chips.

Abstract: Exemplary processes for converting one or more oxygenates to one or more olefins are disclosed. In one exemplary aspect, the process can include introducing a first input feed into an adiabatic multistage reactor with a first reactor bed and a second reactor bed. The process can also include contacting the first input feed with the first reactor bed to maintain a first temperature of the first reactor bed within a first temperature range and to produce a first reaction mixture, and introducing a second input feed into the multistage reactor such that the first reaction mixture is mixed with the second input feed to produce a first effluent. The process can also include contacting the first effluent with the second reactor bed to thereby maintain a second temperature of the second reactor bed within a second temperature range and to produce a second reaction mixture. Exemplary systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for upgrading a hydrocarbon feed comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feed with steam in the presence of a cracking catalyst composition at reaction conditions sufficient to cause at least a portion of hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon feed to undergo one or more cracking reactions to produce a steam catalytic cracking effluent comprising light olefins, light aromatic compounds, or both, where the cracking catalyst composition comprises a cracking additive comprising metal species impregnated on a ZSM-5 zeolite, where the metal species comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of chromium, vanadium, iron, platinum, molybdenum, cerium, and nickel.

Abstract: A system and method for removing impurities from oil may be a continuous process may be provided where crude oil may be purified as it flows from the well formation or a tank of impure oil may be purified with no dwell time before it is transported to and sold to a refinery. A centrifugal pump may mix impure oil having included impurities with pure water that may have added chemicals such as a surfactant, flocculant, or other chemicals. The impure oil and the pure water with added surfactant and other chemicals may be pumped under pressure into a settling tank where the water and oil may naturally separate. The high-pressure pump may break up the large oil globules into smaller globules. The impurities in the oil may separate the oil's included impurities into the pure water until impurity equilibrium is attained between the impure oil and the water.

Abstract: A gas oil separation plant including a high pressure production trap for receiving a feed stream and producing a first produced liquid and a first gas stream, a low pressure production trap for receiving the first produced liquid and producing a second produced liquid and a second gas stream, a low pressure compressor knockout drum for receiving the second gas stream and separating the second gas stream into a first overhead gas stream and a first liquid stream, a high pressure first stage knockout drum for receiving the first overhead gas stream and first gas stream and producing a second overhead gas stream and a second liquid stream, a product condensate outlet for receiving a portion of a condensate recycle stream, and a recycle system for recycling a remaining portion of the condensate recycle stream to the HPPT, LPPT, or both.

Abstract: A method of producing a base oil product by hydroprocessing unconverted oil from a hydrocracker in an unconverted oil upgrade reactor to produce upgraded unconverted oil and dewaxing the upgraded unconverted oil to produce the base oil product.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to processes for handling renewable hydrocarbon feeds and conventional hydrocarbon feeds. One aspect of the disclosure provides a process for co-processing a renewable feed and a petroleum feed, the process comprising: hydrotreating the petroleum feed in a first reaction one, wherein the hydrotreating of the petroleum feed comprises one or more of hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodemetallization, isomerization, hydrogenation of olefins, and hydrocracking, to form a first reaction zone effluent; conducting the first reaction zone effluent to a second reaction zone; and in the second reaction zone hydrotreating a combination of the first reaction zone effluent and the renewable feed, wherein the hydrotreating of the combination comprises one or more of hydrodeoxygenation, decarboxylation, decarbonylation, isomerization and hydrogenation of olefins of the renewable feed, to form a second reaction zone effluent.

Abstract: A process for producing C6 to C8 aromatics and optionally light gas olefins from crude oil and/or pyrolysis oil is disclosed. The process can include hydroprocessing a first stream containing hydrocarbons from the crude oil and/or pyrolysis oil to obtain a second stream containing saturated hydrocarbons having boiling point less than 350° C., separating the second stream to obtain a third stream containing hydrocarbons having boiling point less than 70° C., a fourth stream containing hydrocarbons having boiling point 70° C. to 140° C., and a fifth stream containing hydrocarbons having boiling point greater than 140° C., recycling at least a portion of the fifth stream to the hydroprocessing step, reforming the fourth stream to obtain a sixth stream containing C6 to C8 aromatics, and optionally cracking the third stream to obtain light gas olefins.

Abstract: Disclosed are antifouling agents used in compositions and methods to reduce or prevent foulants in synthetic feedstocks derived from plastic. Also disclosed is pyrolysis process equipment treated with an antifouling agent. A method of reducing or preventing fouling in a plastic-derived synthetic feedstock composition may include adding an antifouling agent including a carboxylic acid anhydride or a copolymer of a dicarboxylic acid anhydride and alpha olefin to a synthetic feedstock composition derived from plastic pyrolysis containing a foulant to provide treated pyrolysate.

Abstract: A method for converting carbonaceous raw materials and in particular biomass into hydrogen, includes the steps of: gasification of the carbon-containing raw materials in a gasifier, wherein heated water vapour is introduced into the gasifier and used for gasification; and cleaning of the hydrogen-containing synthesis gas produced in the gasification, wherein the gasification is an allothermal gasification and the heated water vapour is used both as gasification agent and as heat carrier for the gasification, wherein energy not used for H2 production is at least partially reused for the production and/or superheating of water vapour.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for gasification of a solid fuel in a fluidized bed gasifier involving the steps of: introducing first solid material particles and second solid material particles into a turbulent fluidized bed, wherein the particle weight of each of the first solid material particles is greater than the particle weight of each of the second solid material particles; maintaining at least most of the first solid material particles in the turbulent fluidized bed; receiving at least most of the second solid material particles included in the gas-solid mixture in a cyclone; in a return leg conduit, collecting at least most of the solid fuel particles separated from the gas-solid mixture in the cyclone and collecting at least most of the second solid material particles separated from the gas-solid mixture in the cyclone; and feeding at least most of the second solid material particles from the return leg conduit and at least most of the solid fuel particles from the return leg conduit into the turbulent

Abstract: A system and method of thermally processing carbonaceous materials, and especially sustainably cultivated woody biomass or cellulosic biomass sorted from municipal solid waste, to produce green fuel, such as diesel, sustainable aviation fuel and other beneficial by-products, including biochar. Synthesis gas is made by gasifying sustainably grown biomass, the thermal energy from which is used to create steam for treatment of biochar by-product to produce higher value activated carbon. Oxygen for the gasifier and hydrogen for a Fischer Tropsch (FT) or other catalytic synthesis stage of the process are generated by electrolysis of water using sustainably produced electricity. The gasification and electrolysis processes are operated to produce a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide needed for FT or other catalytic synthesis. The hydrocarbon product is distilled as required to produce either green alcohols or green diesel fuel and sustainable aviation fuel.

Abstract: Provided are a method for manufacturing syngas including the steps of (S1) heat-treating organic waste in a first reactor to produce a first mixed gas; (S2) introducing the first mixed gas to a second reactor and subjecting it to methane reforming in the presence of a catalyst to produce a second mixed gas; (S3) separating the catalyst and carbon dioxide from the second mixed gas and recovering a third mixed gas from which the catalyst and the carbon dioxide have been removed; (S4) converting the carbon dioxide separated in step (S3) into carbon monoxide through a reverse Boudouard reaction in a third reactor; and (S5) mixing the third mixed gas recovered in step (S3) and the carbon monoxide converted in step (S4) to produce syngas, and an apparatus for manufacturing syngas.