Abstract: The disclosed method relates to a method of recycling high relative viscosity nylon. The process involves melting a base polyamide with a dry blended mixture of dicarboxylic acid and a second polyamide. The disclosed method provides a process of controlling the relative viscosity of the combined polyamides and, in various aspects, the second polyamide may be nylon plop or other polyamide having high relative viscosity.

Abstract: The invention pertains to the use of porous, chemically interconnected, carbon-nanofibre-comprising carbon networks for reinforcing elastomers. It has been found that said carbon-nanofibre-comprising carbon networks can beneficially be used when added in an amount of 10-120 phr to an elastomer, in particular to styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). The benefits include lower tan delta at 60° ° C. (rolling resistance), higher tan delta at 0° C. (wet grip), better abrasion resistance, higher flexibility and lower stiffness. The reinforced elastomers can be used in many areas of technology such as tyres, conveyor belts, hoses, etc.

Abstract: Compositions and films are described comprising a polylactic (PLA) polymer and a copolymer comprising a first moiety comprising a C12-C30 alkyl group and a second moiety that is miscible in the composition. Suitable first moieties include a C12-C30 alkyl (meth)acrylate or a polyvinyl alcohol comprising pendent C12-C30 alkyl groups. Suitable second moieties include C1-C10 (meth)acrylic acid or ester thereof, vinyl acetate and ethylene vinyl acetate. The aforementioned composition may be used to form a release layer of an adhesive article such as a pressure sensitive adhesive tape. The films may be a monolithic film or a film layer of a multilayer film. The release layer may be disposed upon a substrate layer that may also comprise PLA. The films are produced by melt extrusion of the aforementioned composition and may be oriented.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides composite ion exchange membranes and methods of making the same. The composite ion exchange membranes of the present disclosure include a first layer comprising a first ion-conducting membrane; a second layer comprising a gas-blocking membrane; and a third layer comprising a second ion-conducting membrane.

Abstract: Provided is a barrier film, comprising a base layer and an inorganic layer including a first region and a second region, which have different elemental contents (atomic %) of Si, N, and O from each other as measured by XPS, and having a compactness expressed through an etching rate of 0.17 nm/s in the thickness direction for an Ar ion etching condition to etch Ta2O5 at a rate of 0.09 nm/s, wherein the second region has a higher elemental content of N than that of the first region, and the second region has a thickness of 10% or more relative to the total thickness of the inorganic layer. The barrier film has excellent barrier properties and optical properties and can be used for electronic products which are sensitive to moisture and the like.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition comprising: a solvent screened using a solvent-polymer particle interaction parameter ?Pi and a solvent-(meth)acrylate binder interaction parameter ?Bi, polymer particles, and a (meth)acrylate binder, and an optical film and a display device comprising the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for the production of foams based on phenolic resin, use thereof, and a process for the production of the composition. For provision of a composition for the production of foams based on phenolic resin, where the said composition delivers improved reaction to fire with, in essence, no alteration of further important foam properties, it is proposed that the composition comprises an alkoxylated novolak, wherein the novolak is produced using phenol, cresol and/or xylenol.

Abstract: The disclosure provides porous scaffold that include a plurality of microspheres, where the microspheres include a biodegradable polymer blended with a graphene family material (GFM), micro spheres, and methods for making and using such scaffolds and microspheres.

Abstract: A formulation includes a base resin, a nucleating agent, and a blowing agent. The formulation can be used to form a container.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a biodegradable resin expanded sheet, by which a biodegradable resin expanded sheet immediately after extrusion is brought into a predetermined cooled state in an extrusion expansion method, whereby good formability can be exerted.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a polyacetal, or polyoxymethylene (POM), base composition which contains an additive package containing additives suitable for food processing applications. Polyacetal or polyoxymethylene polymers are of the class of polymers containing —CH2O-repeat units, useful for molding all different types of products and articles. Of particular advantage, POM produced according to the present disclosure may demonstrate low formaldehyde emissions, extractables, or both, when measured by standard methods without containing any formaldehyde scavenger packages.

Abstract: A model material clear composition comprises an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (Al) having at least one selected from the group consisting of a dicyclopentenyl group and a dicyclopentanyl group, at least one photopolymerization initiator selected from the group consisting of an acylphosphine oxide-based photopolymerization initiator and an ?-hydroxyacetophenone-based photopolymerization initiator, a hindered amine-based polymerization inhibitor, and a phenolic antioxidant, and contents (% by mass) of the initiator, the polymerization inhibitor, and the antioxidant satisfy Formula (1): content of photopolymerization initiator?content of polymerization inhibitor?content of oxidation inhibitor, and Formula (2): 1?? content of photopolymerization initiator/?[(content of polymerization inhibitor×10)2+(content of antioxidant×100)2]?800.

Abstract: A silsesquioxane compound represented by the following formula (I): (RaSiO1.5)n, wherein Ra is, each independently at each occurrence, Rb or Rc; provided that at least one Ra is Rb; Rb is —R1—CF2—R2—R3; R1 is a divalent group; R2 is a divalent polymer chain; R3 is a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom; Rc is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or —(OSiR152)j—R15; R15 is, each independently at each occurrence, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; j is, each independently at each occurrence, an integer of 1 to 3; and n is an arbitrary integer.

Abstract: A spherical silica powder with a low dielectric tangent, wherein after formulating the spherical silica powder in a resin and molding it into a sheet, in a dielectric tangent of the spherical silica powder calculated by using the following Formula (I) based on a dielectric tangent (tan ?c) of the sheet which is measured under the conditions a frequency is 35-40 GHz with a resonator method, B/A is 0.70 or lower, wherein “A” represents a dielectric tangent (tan ?fA) of the spherical silica powder before a dielectric tangent reduction treatment and “B” represents a dielectric tangent (tan ?fB) of the spherical silica powder after a dielectric tangent reduction treatment; and a specific surface area of said spherical silica powder after a dielectric tangent reduction treatment is 1-30 m2/g.

Abstract: Process for preparing a reinforced rubber composition, said process comprising the step mixing, at a temperature of at least 120° C., at least the following compounds: (i) a rubber, (ii) at least one inorganic filler, (iii) at least one organic peroxide, and (iv) at least one anti-oxidant selected from phenolics, para-phenylidene diamines, and nitroxides.

Abstract: A dual reactor solution polymerization process gives high density polyethylene compositions containing a first ethylene copolymer and a second ethylene copolymer. The polyethylene compositions can be used in the manufacture of injection molded closures or cast film having good barrier properties.

Abstract: A laminate has an olefin-aromatic vinyl compound-aromatic polyene copolymer and a metal foil. The number average molecular copolymer weight is between 5000 and 100000; the aromatic vinyl compound monomer is aromatic vinyl compound having between 8 and 20 carbon atoms, and the aromatic vinyl compound monomer unit content is between 10 and 60 mass %; the aromatic polyene is selected having between 5 and 20 carbon atoms and vinyl and/or vinylene groups in the molecule, the content derived from the aromatic polyene unit is between 1.5 and 20 pieces per number average molecular weight; and the olefin is selected having between 2 and 20 carbon atoms, being ethylene alone, or having a mass ratio of ?-olefin monomer components other than ethylene to an ethylene monomer component contained in the olefin, of 1/7 or less, and the total monomer units of the olefin, aromatic vinyl compound, and aromatic polyene is 100 mass %.

Abstract: Provided is an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer with an ethylene unit content of 15 to 60 mol % and a saponification degree of 85 mol % or more.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides polypropylene compositions that have a high gloss and minimum or no haze while also having a high melt strength (e.g., high temperature resistance) and a relative high stiffness. Polypropylene compositions contain one or more base polypropylenes (e.g., trimmed polypropylenes (tPPs)) and one or more clarifying agents. The base or trimmed polypropylene contains at least 50 mol % of propylene and has a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) in a range from 7 to 22, a z-average molecular weight of less than 2,500,000 g/mol, a branching index (g?vis) of at least 0.95, and a melt strength of less than 20 cN determined using an extensional rheometer at 190° C. The base or trimmed polypropylene can be produced from one or more high melt strength polypropylenes (HMS PPs).

Abstract: An extrusion composition containing at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polypropylene homopolymers, polypropylene random copolymers, and polypropylene impact copolymers. The extrusion composition also contains at least one phosphate ester-based nucleating agent provided in the composition at a use level of between about 0.01 and 0.15 parts by weight, in relation to 100 parts by weight of the resin. The extrusion composition also contains at least one co-additive selected from the group of poly(ethylene glycol) and copolymers containing segments of ethylene oxide, where the co-additive has a number average molecular weight of about 300 or more, and where the use level of the co-additive is about 0.005 parts by weight or more. The extrusion composition further contains a metal salt of a fatty acid at a use level of between about 0.01 and 0.15 parts by weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition comprising: (A) a random copolymer of propylene and a comonomer, wherein the comonomer is ethylene and/or an ?-olefin having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein the amount of propylene-derived units is 90 to 99 wt % and the amount of comonomer-derived units is 1.

Abstract: A resin composition including a 4-methyl-1-pentene copolymer (A) that satisfies particular requirements and a 4-methyl-1-pentene copolymer (B) that satisfies particular requirements, in which the content of the copolymer (A) is 10 to 95 parts by mass and the content of the copolymer (B) is 90 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total content of the copolymers (A) and (B).

Abstract: A composition including a composite particle and a fluorine-containing polymer, wherein the composite particle comprises a polymer and an inorganic particle dispersed in the polymer, and the polymer contains an acid group-containing monomer unit. Also disclosed is a molded article obtained from the composition.

Abstract: A dielectric material, to a device comprising the dielectric material and to use of the dielectric material in the fabrication of a device. One dielectric material may comprise a halogen-based elastomer mixed with a halogen based surfactant and exhibiting electro-mechanical self-healing properties and/or an increased dielectric constant compared to the halogen-based elastomer. Another dielectric material may comprise a halogen-based polymer mixed with a halogen based surfactant and exhibiting an increased dielectric constant compared to the halogen-based polymer.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous binder composition comprising three different dispersed polymers: an acrylic polymer a. with a Tg between 80 and 120° C.; an acrylic polymer b. with a Tg between 40 and 60° C.; and a polyurethane modified acrylic polymer c. The binder composition can be used in a coating composition, especially in a primer composition.

Abstract: A modified polymer is obtained by grafting at least one compound of formula (I) to at least one unsaturation of the chain of an initial polymer in which Q represents a dipole comprising at least one nitrogen atom; A represents an arenediyl ring, optionally substituted by one or more hydrocarbon-based chains, which are identical or different, independent of one another, and are optionally substituted or interrupted by one or more heteroatoms; E represents a divalent hydrocarbon-based bonding group which may optionally contain one or more heteroatoms; R1, R2 and R3 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon-based chain which is optionally substituted or interrupted by one or more heteroatoms; and n is an integer having a value greater than or equal to 1.

Abstract: A solid organic material comprising at least one amphiphilic block copolymer of the methacrylic type, the block copolymer being dispersed in a polymer matrix, the block copolymer having a number-average molar mass (Mn) greater than or equal to 20 000 g/mol; a method for preparing said solid organic material; use of said solid organic material for antibacterial, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and/or antifungal applications; a medical device comprising said solid organic material.

Abstract: A resin composition contains a maleimide compound (A), a cyanate ester compound (B), a polyphenylene ether compound (C) with a number average molecular weight of not lower than 1000 and not higher than 7000 and represented by Formula (1), and a block copolymer (D) having a styrene backbone. In Formula (1), X represents an aryl group; —(Y—O)n2- represents a polyphenylene ether moiety; R1, R2, and R3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, or an alkynyl group; n2 represents an integer of from 1 to 100; n1 represents an integer of from 1 to 6; and n3 represents an integer of from 1 to 4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for direct production of mixtures of short-chain high-functionality polyoxyalkylene polyols and long-chain low-functionality polyoxyalkylene polyols. The short-chain high-functionality polyoxyalkylene polyol component is obtained by alkylene oxide addition onto high-functionality H-functional starter compounds while the long-chain low-functionality polyoxyalkylene polyol component is correspondingly obtained by alkylene oxide addition onto low-functionality H-functional starter compounds. The invention further relates to the resulting polyoxyalkylene polyols and to the reaction thereof to produce polyurethanes.

Abstract: Some variations provide a polyoxalamide polymer comprising: one or more first segments containing at least one repeat unit that includes (i) a branched, aliphatic hydrocarbon species and (ii) first amide groups at internal ends of the repeat unit, wherein the first amide groups are part of oxalamide groups; one or more polymer end groups containing second amide groups that are each covalently bonded directly to one of the first amide groups, wherein the second amide groups are also part of the oxalamide groups, and wherein the oxalamide groups contain —N—C(?O)—C(—O)—N-sequences; and a reacted form of one or more multifunctional amine chain extenders or crosslinkers with an amine functionality of 3 or greater. The polyoxalamide polymer may be present in a lens, a window, a coating, or a film, for example. The polyoxalamide polymer may have UV transparency, visual transparency, NIR transparency, MWIR transparency, and/or LWIR transparency.

Abstract: A resin composition includes a core-shell rubber, a vinyl-containing benzoxazine resin and a maleimide resin, wherein the core-shell rubber has a core-shell ratio of 6.0:4.0 to 9.5:0.5. The resin composition may be used to make various articles, such as a prepreg, a resin film, a laminate or a printed circuit board, and achieves improvements in at least one, more or all of the properties including dissipation factor, copper foil peeling strength (3 ?m copper foil), ten-layer board T300 thermal resistance, ten-layer board glass transition temperature, ten-layer board delamination temperature, inner resin flow, and resin filling property of open area.

Abstract: A condensation cure organosiloxane composition is disclosed. The composition may be used as an electrically insulating sealant and/or adhesive. The composition is a silicone elastomer composition comprising: (a) a polydiorganosiloxane having at least two —OH or hydrolysable groups per molecule; (b) a cross-linker which will cross-link polydiorganosiloxane (a); (c) a filler component comprising (i) a maximum of 25% by weight of the composition of calcium carbonate and/or silica, and (ii) an amount of one or more fibrous fillers selected from mineral fibers, bulk fibers, refractory fibers, basalt fibers, or mixtures thereof; (d) a condensation curing catalyst; and optionally (e) one or more additives. Upon cure, the composition provides a silicone elastomer having a volume resistivity which is ?2×1015 ?·cm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a tin-free, room temperature curable silicone elastomer composition, wherein the uncured composition is a putty. The silicone elastomer composition comprises a) an end-capped base polymer, wherein the base polymer comprises a polysiloxane or mixture of polysiloxanes, and wherein the end-capped base polymer comprises terminal di-(C1-4)alkoxy silyl groups; b) at least one amorphous filler; c) 15.1 to 60 parts by weight of at least one spherical filler for each 100 parts by weight of base polymer; and d) a curing catalyst consisting of one or more selected from the group consisting of organic titanates and organic zirconates. The terminal dialkoxy silyl groups of the base polymer can be dimethoxy silyl groups. The at least one amorphous filler can be selected from the group consisting of fumed silica, fumed alumina, carbon black, precipitated silica, precipitated calcium carbonate, surface-treated calcium carbonate and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A curable composition contains: (A) a polydiorganosiloxane component including: (A1) greater than 3.1 wt % to 20 wt % of an aliphatically unsaturated polydiorganosiloxane polymer and (A3) a hydroxyl-terminated polydiorganosiloxane gum of unit formula (A-III); (B) a polyorganosilicate resin component including (B1) a capped resin, (B2) >18.53 wt % to 54.3 wt % of an uncapped resin; where the weight ratio of the uncapped resin (B2) to the capped resin (B1) is greater than 0.51 to 58.82; where component (A) and component (B) are present in amounts to provide a weight ratio of (B):(A) of 1.2:1 to less than 1.62:1; (C) a polyorganohydrogensiloxane that is present in an amount to provide a molar ratio of silicon bonded hydrogen atoms to alkenyl groups for the curable composition of 5 to 50; (D) a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst in an amount sufficient to provide 1 to 1000 ppm of platinum group metal; and (E) a condensation reaction catalyst; where the content of alkenyl groups in the curable composition is 0.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing a carboxylic acid modified-nitrile based copolymer latex including: initiating emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture including a conjugated diene-based monomer, ethylenic unsaturated nitrile-based monomer, ethylenic unsaturated acid monomer, and water-soluble monomer in the presence of water and 0.01 to 0.1 parts by weight of a lipid-soluble initiator based on 100 parts by weight of total of monomer mixture, and at a weight ratio (M/W) of the monomer mixture to water of 1.1 to 1.4 (S10); adding water when the polymerization conversion rate is 30 to 40% at a weight ratio (M/W) of 0.8 to 1.0 (S20); and adding water when the polymerization conversion rate is 60 to 70% at a weight ratio (M/W) of 0.6 to 0.7 (S30), when the polymerization conversion rate is between ?10% and <60%, 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight of sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate based on 100 parts by weight of the total monomer mixture is introduced.

Abstract: The present invention provides pneumatic tires which have reduced changes in hardness over time and which provide improved abrasion resistance while ensuring good durability. The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire formed from a rubber composition, the rubber composition containing: a rubber component including a hydrogenated copolymer containing a structural unit derived from an aromatic vinyl compound and a structural unit derived from a conjugated diene compound; and a liquid polymer having a number average molecular weight of 2,500 to 500,000, the hydrogenated copolymer being present in an amount of 80% by mass or less based on 100% by mass of the rubber component, the liquid polymer being present in an amount of 1 to 50 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions with solvent, wax and graphene. These compositions offer surprising benefits in reducing bicycle or motorbike chain lengthening, particularly in off road environments with high dirt and water levels such as during mountain biking or off-road biking. The invention is further directed to a method of preparing such compositions and to the use of such compositions on bicycle or motorbike chains.

Abstract: Disclosed are reactive dyes and preparation methods thereof. The reactive dye may be prepared using heterocyclic primary amine as a diazo component, 4,4?-diamino-2,2?-stilbenedisulfonic acid, s-triazine, or ethylenediamine as a bridging group, and a dimonochlortriazine group as an active group. The color-changing compound is covalently bonded into the fiber chemical structure by nucleophilic substitution reaction between monochlorotriazine and the hydroxyl group in a textile structure, and the size of the conjugated system and the range of electron delocalization of the dye are changed by a reversible isomerization reaction of the hydroxyl group adjacent to the diazo group and the diazo group under different pH regulations. Moreover, the dye has a double color changing structure, which improves the capability of the dye combined with —H/—OH. The pH value range that can cause color changes in the dye is effectively expanded to include weak alkali, weak acid or even neutral conditions.

Abstract: A core-shell dye, a near-infrared absorbing resin composition including the same, a near-infrared absorbing film, an optical filter, and a CMOS image sensor, the core-shell dye includes a core represented by Chemical Formula 1; and a shell surrounding the core, the shell being represented by Chemical Formula 2;

Abstract: The present invention provides fluorescent polyfluorene polymers or macromers with unique optical properties that are stable. The polymeric fluorophores are useful in various bioassays formats. The inventive polymers are useful in assays relying on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanisms where two fluorophores are used.

Abstract: A stable dispersion of exfoliated layer substances is prepared through interlayer exfoliation of a layered compound. A dispersion including quaternary ammonium ions (A) each having a total carbon atom number of 15 to 45 and one or two C10-20 alkyl groups, and an anionic surfactant (B) having an ammonium ion, wherein plate-like particles (C) having an average thickness of 0.7 to 40 nm, an average major-axis length of 100 to 600 nm, an average minor-axis length of 50 to 300 nm, and a ratio of average major-axis length to average minor-axis length of 1.0 to 10.0 are dispersed in a liquid medium, and the plate-like particles (C) in the dispersion have an average particle diameter of 10 to 600 nm as measured by dynamic light scattering, and a transparent substrate using the dispersion.

Abstract: A titanium dioxide pigment composition for use in a waterborne latex paint formulation is provided. The pigment composition comprises a plurality of titanium dioxide particles, and a dispersant package deposited on the surfaces of said titanium dioxide particles in an amount of no greater than about 5% by weight based on the combined weight of the titanium dioxide particles and the dispersant package. A titanium dioxide pigment composition slurry, a method of forming a titanium dioxide pigment composition, and a method of forming a titanium dioxide pigment composition slurry, all for use in a waterborne latex paint formulation, are also provided.

Abstract: A pigment including a pre-flake; and a coating of nanoparticles present on a surface of the pre-flake, wherein the nanoparticles can be present in the coating in an amount greater than about 40% by volume is disclosed. A method of making a pigment is also disclosed.

Abstract: UV curable inks comprising a polycarbonate resin; acrylated polymers or oligomers having an aromatic or aliphatic polycarbonate backbone, one or more photoinitiators; and one or more adhesion promoters, are provided, which inks can be formulated as conductive inks or dielectric inks. The UV-curable inks are useful in preparing printed electronic and injection-molded structural electronic components and devices. The UV-curable inks exhibit high elongation and thermoformability, and are especially well suited for use in injection molding processes for printed electronics and thermoformed printed electronic applications.

Abstract: A continuous-type inkjet ink composition includes a polyvinyl butyral resin (Resin 1) and a rosin ester resin (Resin 2), and organic solvents, wherein the content of Resin 1 in the inkjet ink composition is 1.0 to 8.0 percent by mass, and the content ratio of Resin 1 and Resin 2 satisfies “Resin 1:Resin 2=20:1 to 10:8” based on ratio by mass, and the total quantity of organic solvents regulated by industrial health and safety regulation is 5 percent by mass or less in the inkjet ink composition. The composition demonstrates excellent discharge stability and jetting property as well as excellent adhesion to various types of base printing materials including polyolefin films with no surface treatment.

Abstract: A task to be achieved by the present invention is to provide an ink which can form a printed image or the like having color fastness to water at a level where the image will not be removed from the recording medium even when, for example, washed with water, warm water, or the like. Further, another task to be achieved by the invention is to provide an ink which can form a printed image or the like which is unlikely to suffer from color fading even when, for example, washed by an ultrasonic cleaning method or the like that is used for cleaning a stain strongly deposited on clothes or the like. The present invention is directed to an ink containing a polymer (A) having a predetermined structure (a1).

Abstract: A recording method of the present disclosure includes: an adhesion step of ejecting an ink composition from an ink jet head so as to be adhered to a recording medium; and a primary heating step of heating the ink composition adhered to the recording medium in the adhesion step, and the ink composition is a water-based ink containing an organic compound which is a solid at 25° C. having a standard boiling point of 280° C. or less and which has a solubility of 50 [g/100 g of water] or more in water at 25° C.

Abstract: A composition for aqueous ink contains water and a coloring material, wherein the calcium ion content x (ppm) and the oxalate ion content y (ppm) in the composition for aqueous ink jet satisfy the relation of y?3491.8x?3.386.

Abstract: An inkjet ink that shows only a small amount of discoloration over time and is capable of printing with a stable color, not only when printed on a surface of a print object having a relatively low ink permeability, but also when printed on a surface of a print object having a relatively high ink permeability, and provide a printed item including a printed area printed using the inkjet ink. A gray ink according to the present embodiment is an edible inkjet ink which contains at least a first colorant which is a food dye and a second colorant which is a food dye, and the first colorant is at least one of Red No. 3, Red No. 40, Red No. 104, Red No. 105, and Red No. 106.

Abstract: An ink accommodating body accommodating an ink composition is provided, in which the ink composition contains water and a first dye that is a compound represented by Formula (B-1) or a salt thereof, a content of the first dye in the ink composition is 0.5% by mass or more with respect to a total amount of the ink composition, and a value of a ratio (A/V) is 1.7 or less where a total surface area of a metal, of the ink accommodating body, in contact with the ink composition is A (cm2) and an accommodation capacity for the ink composition accommodated in the ink accommodating body is V (cm3).