Abstract: New and improved hydrogels and methods associated therewith including their use for cell cultures and various other biomedical applications are disclosed. Because the instant invention does not rely on two dimensional surface area for cell growth but uses a three dimensional model, the hydrogels as disclosed herein have improved properties that allow for improved cell growth, easier and better harvesting and isolation of cells and small molecule products such as exosomes, as well as higher yields that can be achieved less expensively.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for monitoring at least one substance which may be produced or consumed by at least one living entity, and to an assembly for implementing the method. The method comprises flowing liquid medium having a controlled concentration of a dissolved gas and a controlled flow rate to a culture system and taking at least one measurement within the culture system so as to determine the presence, concentration or amount of the at least one substance in the liquid medium in the culture system; and/or taking at least a first measurement upstream of the culture system and a second measurement downstream of the culture system, and determining a concentration or amount of the substance consumed or produced by the at least one living entity based on the difference between the second measurement and the first measurement.

Abstract: A cell observation system has: a part for a culturing container to be placed, the culturing container having a surface where cells are culturable and an optically transparent side face forming a peripheral wall of the surface; a light emission unit configured to irradiate the surface with irradiation light from the side face; and an image capturing unit configured to capture images of the surface and has at least any of features (a) controlling variation in an amount of light of the irradiation light, the surface being irradiated with the irradiation light, and the variation being due to absorption of light by a medium in the culturing container and (b) correcting an effect caused by variation in an amount of light of the irradiation light, the surface being irradiated with the irradiation light, and the variation being due to absorption of light by a medium in the culturing container.

Abstract: The invention proposes a high-pressure environment biological enrichment and spray-type solid isolation and cultivation device, including a spray-type isolation and cultivation solid unit, and a biological enrichment unit. In the case of constructing a high-pressure, low-temperature environment consistent with the marine environment, the biological enrichment unit is used to realize enrichment and multi-stage purification process of marine microorganisms, obtain a biological enrichment fluid and inject the biological enrichment fluid into the spray-type isolation and cultivation solid unit; and the spray-type isolation and cultivation solid unit is use to convert the biological enrichment fluid into a state of microbeads, so that the biological enrichment fluid can be isolated and cultivated in a dispersed state.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide a method for producing a bioproduct using a bioprocess installation. The bioprocess installation comprises an process control and a bioprocess unit. The bioprocess unit comprises a receptacle, a clarification unit with a centrifuge and a chromatography unit with a chromatograph. Cell broth obtained from the receptacle is lead through the clarification unit and the chromatography unit in a liquid stream. The clarification unit with its centrifuge is being operated in a centrifugation cycle comprising centrifugation steps. The chromatography unit with its chromatograph is being operated in a chromatography cycle comprising chromatography steps.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are aspects of a system for coupling electrochemical marine carbon capture with photosynthesis. In some aspects of the present disclosure, the system comprises an electrochemical cell that converts saline water into (i) a base stream, (ii) an at least partially deionized water stream, and (iii) an acid stream. In some aspects, the system further comprises a biomass cultivation unit in fluid communication with the acid stream, the biomass cultivation unit comprising a photosynthetic organism. The acid stream catalyzes release of CO2 in a growth medium for the photosynthetic organism to accelerate growth of the photosynthetic organism relative to growth without the acid stream and facilitates CO2 storage by the photosynthetic organism. Also disclosed herein are aspects of a method for coupling electrochemical marine carbon capture with photosynthesis.

Abstract: Nitrogen in a form suitable for feeding a population of microbes in a bioreactor is produced by reacting nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas to form ammonia plus an unreacted gas stream under conditions favorable to having little unreacted nitrogen gas in the unreacted gas stream. The ammonia, or a compound derived from the ammonia is fed to the microbes and the unreacted gas stream is optionally fed back into the reaction, or fed into the bioreactor. Oxygen can be produced, such as by electrolysis, and also provided to the microbes. Hydrogen from the electrolysis can be added to the hydrogen being reacted with nitrogen gas, and/or can be added to the bioreactor. Where nitrogen gas is produced from air separation, the residual gases can be another source of oxygen.

Abstract: Systems and methods for enhancing volatile fatty acid, ammonia or dihydrogen production in fermenting bioreactors are presented. Energy efficient evaporation methods and systems are disclosed. Integration of bioreactor and energy efficient evaporation enable use in existing bioreactors. Methods for further recovering fermentation products in bioreactors used for wastewater applications are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vector system for transformation of Chlorella vulgaris, a Chlorella vulgaris transformation method using same, and a Chlorella vulgaris transformant.

Abstract: Provided is a culture material and a cultivation method of Ganoderma amboinense, which are used to increase the concentration of Ganoderiol F in the Ganoderma amboinense extract. First, the culture material is prepared, 38˜42 parts by weight of corn cobs, 6.65˜7.35 parts by weight of wheat bran, 6.65˜7.35 parts by weight of rice bran, 19˜21 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 23.75˜26.25 parts by weight of sawdust, and 0.95˜1.05 parts by weight of sucrose are mixed evenly to obtain a fungi bag. Next, sterilization is performed, followed by inoculation of the fungi of Ganoderma amboinense into the fungi bag and subsequent cultivation. Finally, Ganoderma amboinense is harvested when the fruiting body of the Ganoderma amboinense grows to a stipe length of 20-25 cm, and spore powder has not been released.

Abstract: A method of preparing a composition comprising mycelium along with a cellulose and/or plurality of nanoparticles is described herein. The method comprises inoculating a liquid medium with fungus, the liquid medium comprising nutrients and the cellulose and/or nanoparticles. Further described herein are compositions comprising mycelium along with a cellulose and/or plurality of nanoparticles, as well as articles-of-manufacture comprising such a composition, wherein at least 10% of the cellulose and/or nanoparticles in the composition is incorporated within the mycelium. A method of enhancing fungal growth is also described, comprising contacting the fungus with a liquid medium comprising a polymer which comprises carboxylic acid groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of propagating genetically modified yeasts or even any other yeasts that suffer a positive Crabtree effect or any other microorganisms that use sugars for growth (glucose or equivalent glucose), wherein the feeding medium inhibits the optimal exponential growth predicted throughout the process, such a method capable of providing greater process economicity (CAPEX and OPEX), increased productivity and yield (Yx/s) and reduced CAPEX due to greater cell expansion in a single stage of reactor. Particularly, the present invention describes a process for producing second generation ethanol by using different combinations of low-cost streams existing in an integrated 2G or 1G/2G ethanol production plant, combined with the unique batch propagation strategy fed in at least two exponential feeding phases, in just one cycle, with the propagation step occurring in a single reactor.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a genetically modified cell capable of utilizing sucrose as energy and carbon source following the expression of a single heterologous enzyme, which upon expression is translocated from the cytosol and which is capable of hydrolysing non-phosphorylated sucrose into fructose and glucose. The identification of efficient enzymes capable of hydrolysing sucrose in its non-modified form, and which on its own enable the cell to utilize sucrose as a, or as the main and/or sole, carbon and/or energy source, i.e., without the need for multi-gene sucrose utilizing systems comprising several other heterologous polypeptides, such as other enzymes and/or transporters, is highly advantageous, since it allows for cost-effective use of sucrose in large scale production processes.

Abstract: The invention provides Streptococcus thermophilus mutants, such as DSM22933, which have improved texturizing properties. The strains have: (i) a mutation in the branched chain amino acid transport ATP-binding protein LivG (TC 3.A.1.4.1) gene; (ii) a mutation in the ABC transporter permease protein gene; and/or (iii) a mutation in the peptide deformylase protein gene. The invention, furthermore, relates to compositions, such as a starter culture, comprising one or more of these mutants, to fermented products made using these mutants and to the use of the mutants and compositions of the invention.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention is a cell culture method, including the following steps: first loading a one-step container body (1) into a microenvironment; adding a cell culture solution to the one-step container body (1); and successively adding a supplementary fluid to the one-step container body (1) as the culture time increases. The one-step container body (1) has at least two inner side surfaces with different areas. The inner side surfaces with the different areas form corresponding culture surfaces (2) for culturing cell solutions with different volumes. The cell solutions are first borne on a small-area culture surface (2) to be cultured. As the volumes of the cell solutions increase, the cell solution is borne on the large-area culture surface (2) to be cultured. Further disclosed is a cell culture container, including a one-step container body (1).

Abstract: A cell culture medium that sustains the growth of cells obtained from a crustacean in vitro. Indeed, the disclosure describes a cell culture medium comprising a specific salt composition, in part responsible for the correct osmolality and pH, a specific amino acid and vitamin composition, energy sources such as glucose, and crustacean hemolymph. This disclosure further shows that the cell culture medium is capable of keeping cells obtained from shrimp and lobster viable for long periods of time even after passaging the cells into subcultures and inducing the cells to proliferate. The cultured cells are, for example, useful for performing physiological studies on certain genes (by genetic engineering) and for doing research and diagnosis on crustacean pathogens.

Abstract: Methods of generating a synthetic embryo are provided. Accordingly, there is provided a method of generating a synthetic embryo comprising inducing expression of a factor that induces differentiation to trophectoderm cells in a subpopulation of naïve pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) to obtain a trophectoderm primed cells; inducing expression of a factor that induces differentiation to extra embryonic primitive endodermal cells in a second subpopulation of naïve PSCs to obtain extra embryonic primitive endodermal primed cells; and mixing said trophectoderm primed cells and said extra embryonic primitive endodermal primed cells with naïve PSCs under conditions that allow formation of aggregated cells. Also provided are articles of manufactures, mixtures and aggregates of cells and methods of using same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of stem cells. More specifically, the invention provides methods and compositions useful for forming three-dimensional human retinal tissue in vitro. In a specific embodiment, an in vitro method for differentiating hiPSCs into three-dimensional retinal tissue comprising functional photoreceptors comprises the steps of (a) culturing the hiPSCs to form aggregates; (b) transitioning the aggregates into a neural induction medium; (c) seeding the aggregates on to extracellular matrix coated cell culture substrates; (d) replacing NIM with a chemically-defined differentiation medium; (e) detaching NR domains; (f) culturing in suspension; and (g) adding animal serum or plasma component and retinoic acid.

Abstract: A method for treating spinal cord injuries involves the administration of a genetically modified neural progenitor cell (NPC). This genetically engineered NPC is designed to exhibit an enhanced sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway. This method aims to provide a therapeutic strategy for addressing spinal cord injuries by leveraging the augmented SHH signaling pathway in the administered cells.

Abstract: A culture medium for culturing mammary epithelial cells, which medium contains ?-estradiol, insulin-like growth factor 1, basic fibroblast growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-?, and optionally fibroblast growth factor 10. A method for culturing mammary epithelial cells using the culture medium, and a method and the use of cells obtained using the culture method in evaluating or screening the efficacy of a drug.

Abstract: Provided are methods of continuous counterflow centrifugation for the manufacturing of cell compositions, including for the production of T cell therapies including cells that express recombinant receptors such as chimeric antigen receptors (CARs).

Abstract: A method of expanding tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) into a therapeutic population of TILs may include the steps of: (a) obtaining and/or receiving a first population of TILs from surgical resection, needle biopsy, core biopsy, small biopsy, or other means for obtaining a sample that contains a mixture of tumor and TIL cells from a cancer in the subject or patient; performing an initial expansion (or priming first expansion) of the first population of TILs in the first cell culture medium to obtain a second population of TILs, wherein the first cell culture medium comprises IL-2, optionally OKT-3 (anti-CD3 antibody), and optionally antigen presenting cells (APCs), performing a rapid second expansion of the second population of TILs in a second cell culture medium to obtain a third population of TILs; wherein the second cell culture medium comprises IL-2, OKT-3 (anti-CD3 antibody), and APCs; harvesting the third population of TILs; and genetically modifying TILs at any time prior to step (d) or after st

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions and methods to increase the expression of PD-L1 and/or IDO-1 in a population of cells, the modulated cells expressing increased PD-L1 and/or IDO-1, and methods related to the immunosuppressive effects obtained by cells expressing increased PD-L1 and/or IDO-1.

Abstract: Provided are engineered cells containing one or more modifications, such as genetic modifications, for use in cardiac cell therapies. In some embodiments, the one or more modifications attenuate or prevent engraftment arrhythmia associated with a cardiac cell therapy.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for in-vitro generated cardiomyocytes, as well as methods of using such cardiomyocytes or variants thereof. The present disclosure also relates to methods of cell co-culture models of cardiac disorders, as well as methods of using such models or variants thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the production of a muscle and/or adipose tissue, in particular cultured meat, providing the use of engineered cells capable of differentiating in muscle and/or adipose cells in a temperature-dependent manner. The invention also relates to expression vectors, engineered cells and kit for use in such production method.

Abstract: The present disclosure addresses cell type heterogeneity during differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into islet cells by shifting cell identity from alpha cells to beta cells. More specially, the present disclosure provides a clonal human pluripotent stem cell line that broadly expresses the gene NKX6.1 across cells at the pancreatic progenitor cell stage of in vitro differentiation, which yields fewer alpha cells and more beta cells during directed differentiation to islet cells. The present disclosure further provides a method of improving the yield of insulin-producing cells produced from pluripotent stem cells for transplantation into patients with diabetes.

Abstract: A modified adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid protein and use thereof are disclosed. The capsid protein contains a substitution(s) of approximately 5-14 amino acids with respect to a parent AAV capsid protein. The AAV containing the modified capsid protein has increased infectiousness with respect to a target tissue or target cell (e.g. retinal cell) in comparison with an AAV containing an unmodified parent AAV capsid protein.

Abstract: The present inventions relate to improved and enhanced chromatographic systems for analyzing DNA, such as DNA released from AAV virions. The present inventions avoid past problems through the use of larger pore size media, different column flow rates and buffers comprising surfactants and increased concentrations of inorganic salts, and typically have column pressures of about 1450 to about 1550 psi.

Abstract: A method allows people to not compromise on the taste and flavor of sugar-containing foods and beverages, while reducing the net effect of the sugar in the body. The method may include oral consumption of the enzyme alternansucrase to convert up to 90% of consumed sucrose and other carbohydrates into a carbohydrate complex of undigestible or slowly digestible ?-1, 3 and ?-1, 6 glucan fibers in the gastrointestinal tract. These glucan fibers have the properties of dietary fibers and a degree of polymerization ranging from 3 to greater than 100. The methods may aid in glucose control, reduce insulin resistance and support healthy glucose homeostasis in diabetic and pre-diabetic conditions. It may promote healthy gut bacteria and improve bowel movements to benefit overall digestive health. It may also be applied to obesity control by reducing blood glucose and, through the production of fiber, blood lipid levels, which supports cardiovascular health.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to transaminase polypeptides capable of aminating a dicarbonyl substrate, and polynucleotides, vectors, host cells, and methods of making and using the transaminase polypeptides.

Abstract: Provided herein are engineered variants of archaeal polymerases that exhibit exonuclease-minus activity, enhanced thermostability, enhanced incorporation of 3? modified nucleotides, improved uracil-tolerance and/or reduce sequence-specific errors in polymerase-catalyzed nucleotide binding and extension reactions relative to wild type polymerase enzymes. Also provided are uses of the engineered polymerases for forming complexed polymerases and forming binding complexes, and uses for conducting nucleic acid sequencing reactions.

Abstract: Hybrid reverse transcriptases are provided that comprise a non-retroviral retrotransposon, or a fragment of the non-retroviral retrotransposon having reverse transcriptase activity, joined to a nucleic acid binding protein. Also provided are methods of using the hybrid reverse transcriptases to prepare a cDNA molecule library.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to enzyme variants with improved ester synthase properties for the production of fatty acid esters. Further contemplated are recombinant host cells that express such variants, cell cultures comprising the recombinant host cells and fatty acid ester compositions produced by such recombinant host cells.

Abstract: Provided herein are CRISPR/Cas methods and compositions for targeting RNA molecules, which can be used to detect, edit, or modify a target RNA.

Abstract: Provided are Cas12i polypeptides, fusion proteins comprising such Cas12i polypeptides, CRISPR-Cas12i systems comprising such Cas12i polypeptides or fusion proteins, and methods of using the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides Cas protein variants comprising one or more amino acid substitutions relative to wild-type Cas14a1. Fusion proteins comprising the Cas protein variants described herein are also provided by the present disclosure. Further provided herein are methods for modifying a target nucleic acid using the Cas proteins and fusion proteins provided herein. The present disclosure also provides guide RNAs, complexes, polynucleotides, systems, cells, kits, and pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The invention provides nucleic acids encoding acid ?-glucosidase (GAA). In certain embodiments, nucleic acids have greater than about 86% sequence identity to a sequence selected from the group consisting of any of the sequences set forth as SEQ ID NOs: 1-5. In certain embodiments, nucleic acids encoding acid ?-glucosidase (GAA) contain less than 127 CpG dinucleotides. Expression cassettes, vectors, cells and cell lines and methods of using such nucleic acids encoding acid ?-glucosidase (GAA) are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the treatment of autonomic disorders with a clostridial neurotoxin comprising a HCC domain from a BoNT/B, BoNT/D, BoNT/D-C, BoNT/F or BoNT/G, wherein the dose of the clostridial neurotoxin to be administered to the patient is equivalent to or lower than the dose of BoNT/A that would be used to treat the same autonomic disorder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polypeptides that may act to cleave SNARE proteins. In particular, the present invention relates to proteins that include a catalytic polypeptide attached to a prodomain polypeptide, optionally through a linker (e.g., an enzyme cleavable linker). Methods of using such polypeptides to treat disorders are also provided herein.

Abstract: Provided herein are consensus amino acid sequences of prostate antigens that are capable of breaking tolerance in a targeted species, including PSA, PSMA, STEAP and PSCA antigens. Also provided are nucleic acid sequences that encode one or more consensus amino acid sequences of prostate antigens PSA, PSMA, STEAP and PSCA, as well as genetic constructs/vectors and vaccines expressing the sequences. Also provided herein are methods for generating an autoimmune response against prostate cancer cells by administering one or more of the vaccines, proteins, and/or nucleic acid sequences that are provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for systems, methods, and compositions for targeting nucleic acids. In particular, the invention provides mutated Cas13 proteins and their use in modifying target sequences as well as mutated Cas13 nucleic acid sequences and vectors encoding mutated Cas13 proteins and vector systems or CRISPR-Cas13 systems.

Abstract: The present invention provides engineered methionine gamma lyase polypeptides and compositions thereof. The engineered methionine gamma lyase polypeptides have been optimized to provide improved thermostability, protease stability, and stability under a range of pH conditions, including acidic (pH<7) conditions. The present invention also relates to the use of the compositions comprising the engineered methionine gamma lyase polypeptides for therapeutic purposes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel selectable markers and uses thereof. Specifically, provided herein are uses of nucleotide sequences encoding a glutamine synthetase (GS) derived from platypus, turtle, rat, opossum, wombat, or zebra finch as selectable markers for identifying genomic loci with high transcriptional activity or host cells having high productivity of a protein of interest, and/or allowing accelerated cell isolation expressing a protein of interest. Related methods of screening, methods of production, and expression systems are also included.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method for generating a target-specific large serine recombinase (LSR), the method comprising the steps of: a) generating a plurality of first variants of an LSR by introducing one or more mutations into a sequence encoding the LSR; b) generating a library of expression vectors, wherein each expression vector comprises a first region encoding one of the first variants of an LSR, and a second region comprising at least two first target sites of the LSR, wherein the two first target sites are different from each other; c) introducing the library of expression vectors into host cells; d) culturing the host cells and expressing the first variant LSR; e) isolating plasmid DNA from the culture of host cells; f) determining whether a portion of the second region of the expression vector between the two first target sites has been excised by the variant LSR; g) generating a plurality of second LSR variants by introducing one or more mutations into the sequence encoding those first

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising collagenase as an enzyme; calcium, histidine, and glycine as coenzymes, and a method for stabilizing enzymes, the method comprising the preparation of the composition by adding histidine and glycine to collagenase. According to the present invention, the enzyme composition and method for stabilizing enzymes can minimize or inhibit the agglutination of enzymes, maintain the concentration of freeze-dried enzymes even during long-term storage, and provide a formulation that has excellent rehydration time and hygroscopicity when restored to a liquid state, as well as superior enzyme activity.

Abstract: The invention relates to scale-up of alginate microbeads encapsulating biological actives comprising proteins and microorganisms. The invention provides a system and method for reliably producing micrometer size range alginate beads, in large volumes, to advance and sustain agriculture. Using any desired microorganism, the system and method provides a successful encapsulation approach, retaining the viability of the microorganism.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of determining the efficacy of an alternating electric field comprising applying an alternating electric field to one or more microtumors for a period of time, the alternating electric field having a frequency and field strength, wherein the microtumor comprises primary cancer cells; and determining the efficacy of the alternating electric field. Disclosed are methods of testing the efficacy of an alternating electric field comprising applying alternating electric fields to one or more organoids for a period of time, the alternating electric fields having a frequency and field strength, wherein the organoids are cultured on organotypic hippocampal slice cultures; and determining the efficacy of alternating electric fields.

Abstract: Present invention provides components, compositions, kits, and methods for enrichment and purification of circular RNAs (circRNAs) from circRNAs containing RNA compositions. Specifically, the invention of the present invention concerns the use of 3? and 5? free ends of linear RNA molecules for 3?- and 5?-adaptors addition. 3?- and 5?-adaptors comprise of affinity groups, which, when attached to the free ends of linear RNA molecules, facilitate their efficient depletion. This invention is applicable to RNA compositions containing circRNAs, and can be used for the enrichment and purification of specific or complete circRNA repertoires from all cell types and organisms. Our invention enhances the sensitivity and specificity for detecting a complete and unbiased repertoire of circRNAs present in the sample.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of purifying messenger RNA (mRNA) by subjecting a preparation comprising in vitro synthesized mRNA to one or more steps of enzymatic digestion with a proteinase, optionally with a further oligo dT affinity chromatography step. Also provided are mRNA purified by the methods described herein.