Abstract: Disclosed herein is a particle separation apparatus. The particle separation apparatus includes: a bioreactor; a first flow path through which the sludge is discharged from the bioreactor; a first filter including a first mesh separating the granular microorganisms contained in the sludge according to size; a second flow path into which an effluent having passed through the first filter flows; a third flow path connected to the second flow path to discharge the effluent outside; a fourth flow path connected to one side of the second flow path and mounted on a surface of the first filter connected to a surface of the first filter with the second flow path mounted thereon; a fifth flow path through which the effluent having been discharged from the fourth flow path and passed through the first filter flows into the bioreactor; and a first pump creating a flow of the effluent.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for treating organic waste, like the waste that is eliminated in kitchens, foresee containing the waste (15) to be treated, grinding the waste, compacting the ground waste and exerting a squeezing action to remove residual liquids. A screw device (17) is foreseen which rotates inside a casing (18) around a longitudinal axis to convey and compact the ground waste against a closure (19) which moves during compacting. A solution for cleaning the apparatus is also foreseen to remove remaining any waste, when the apparatus needs to stay empty for longer periods of inactivity.

Abstract: A belt filter for effecting separation of liquid from solids where, at the collection zone, a filter belt or belts is changed shape so as to provide a supporting shape to bold liquid, which is then fed into a nipping zone. In an embodiment there is a single belt used which is folded in a middle portion to provide the supporting shape.

Abstract: The method is for distributing cellulose pulp that has a 2-12% consistency. A manifoid housing is in fluid communication with distributor housing. The distributor housing has holes that are distributed along a generatrix of the distribution housing. The cellulose pulp is fed into an inlet of the manifold housing. The feed screw is rotated to convey the cellulose pulp in the transverse direction through the distributor housing. The feed screw sweeps across the holes in the distributor housing to urge the cellulose pulp through the holes. The cellulose pulp is uniformly fed through the holes and then through an inlet to dewatering drums. The cellulose pulp is run between the dewatering drums and a trough to form a pulp web. The pulp web is dewatered in a press nip formed between the dewatering drums. The dewatered pulp web is collected by a feed screw.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating an aqueous-containing sludge in which the sludge is filtered on an elongate moving sheet of a water permeable unwoven fabric on paper. The moving sheet is folded and compressed between rollers whereby to express water therefrom. The folded moving sheet and contained sludge is dried, and the dried sheet and sludge is incinerated. Combustion heat from the incineration step is used in the drying step.

Abstract: There is provided a culinary press 1 including first and second handle members 2, 4, between which is provided a food pressing lever 14 pivotably connected at one end to the second handle member 4, an actuator 16 connected to the first handle member 2 acting on the other end of the lever 14.

Abstract: Device for the washing and dewatering a fibrous suspension, which device incorporates two hollow, circular cylindrical filter drums (1), which filter drums incorporate evacuation chambers inside the filter drums for evacuation of fluid. The filter drums rotate in opposite directions to create a pinch (2) where at least one of the said filter drums (1) is installed in a trough (7,8) which partly encloses the outer surface (3) of the filter drum and which, in the direction of rotation of the filter drum, converges towards the outer surface of the filter drum. At least one pulp inflow chamber (4) is installed at the highest point (1) of one or both of the filter drums each equipped with a trough for the introduction of pulp between the outer surfaces (3) of the filter drum and its trough (7,8) for the formation of a fibrous web.

Abstract: Arrangement 1 for washing and dewatering a fiber pulp suspension, which arrangement comprises two hollow, circular-cylindrical screen members 2a, 2b delimited by envelope surface and end walls. The screen members rotate towards each other to form a nip 10, at least one of the said screen members 2a, 2b being arranged in a vat 6 which partially encloses the envelope of the screen member and which, in the direction of rotation of the screen member, converges towards the envelope of the screen member. The invention relates to a sealing arrangement 8 at the end wall of the screen member. By retracting the seal a distance X from the envelope surface of the screen member in a limited area &agr; near the nip 10, the seal is relieved of the very high hydraulic and mechanical pressures which occur in the nip. Wear between the end wall of the drum and the seal at the press nip is reduced. A simple pressurized seal can thus be used with the same low pressure applied along the entire circumference.

Abstract: Device for the washing and dewatering a fibrous suspension, which device incorporates two hollow, circular cylindrical filter drums (1), which filter drums incorporate evacuation chambers inside the-filter drums for evacuation of fluid. The filter drums rotate in opposite directions to create a pinch (2) where at least one of the said filter drums (1) is installed in a trough (7,8) which partly encloses the outer surface (3) of the filter drum and which, in the direction of rotation of the filter drum, converges towards the outer surface of the filter drum. At least one pulp inflow chamber (4) is installed at the highest point (1) of one or both of the filter drums each equipped with a trough for the introduction of pulp between the outer surfaces (3) of the filter drum and its trough (7,8) for the formation of a fibrous web.

Abstract: According to a waste water treatment method and apparatus of the present invention, a permeable sheet 3 is fed into a treatment tank 2 in which a stream is formed. The waste water, which flows downstream, is caused to pass through the permeable sheet 3, while the permeable sheet 3 travels in the treatment tank 2 so as to traverse the surface of the waste water on a downstream side in the flowing direction of the waste water. Therefore, not only the sludge in the waste water but also the oily substances floating in the waste water can be collected and removed because they cling to the permeable sheet 3 and are gathered by it. As a result, a waste water treatment tank 2 and the like can be maintained in a usable state for a long time. In addition, there can be obtained a treated water to which microbial treatment can be applied.

Abstract: Calender and method for treating a material web. The calender includes a plurality of rolls in which each roll has a rotational axis. The rotational axes of the plurality of rolls are arranged to be substantially located in a press plane, and a plurality of nips are formed between adjacent rolls. A control device is provided to selectively open and close the plurality of nips, and the rolls are arranged so that at least two opened nips are positioned between two closed nips. The method includes forming a closed nip with the top roll, forming a closed nip with the bottom roll, forming at least two open nips between closed nips, and guiding the material web through at least the closed nips.

Abstract: Methods for the concentration of a dilute material such as a fiber suspension are disclosed including enclosing the dilute material between a first straining belt and a second straining belt both moving through endless paths, and in which the width of the first straining belt is greater than the width of the second straining belt, and the method includes causing the longitudinal edges of the first straining belt to overlap the longitudinal edges of the second straining belt in an initial concentration stage, unfolding the longitudinal edges of the first straining belt and then further compressing the concentrated layer produced against the first straining belt in a further concentration stage. Apparatus for carrying out this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A plurality of unit bags 2a, 2b . . . are composed of a permeable strip-shaped nonwoven and arranged in a successive fashion without break so that they can be easily accommodated and stored by being rolled. An annular elastic body 5 disposed around an opening 3a formed to an end of each bag 2a permits the opening 3a to be opened. Since an optically sensing object or a magnetically sensing object is disposed around the opening 3a or at a position spaced apart from the openings 3a, 3b . . . a prescribed distance, the portion of the sensing object can be positioned by a sensing device 15. Further, when, for example, sludge, and the like containing water are accommodated in a waste accommodating bag 1 and squeezed, the sludge, and the like can be easily dehydrated.

Abstract: The invention refers to a device for dewatering and/or washing suspensions, especially fibre stock suspensions, with two dewatering rolls rotating in opposite directions, where at least a further two guide rolls, especially press rolls, are provided and a woven, especially endless woven, wire or filter belt runs over each combination of one dewatering roll and one further guide roll, by which arrangement the suspension to be dewatered and/or washed is carried in the gap between the two belts and dewatered. The invention is mainly characterised by the two belts forming a vertical gap and by a device to guide the belts being mounted in the region of this vertical gap.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for concentrating a liquid suspension of solid particles are disclosed including providing a screening web moving in an endless path, folding the screening web into a tubular configuration at a first location along that path, unfolding the screening web from that tubular configuration at a second location along that path, introducing the liquid suspension into the tubular configuration of the screening web proximate to the first location so that liquid can pass outwardly through the tubular configuration of the screening web and a concentrate of the solid particles can be formed therein, and removing the concentrate from the screening web proximate to the second location.

Abstract: The solid content and liquid content in a solid-liquid substance can be separated continuously at a high solid-liquid separation ratio by: causing a looped filter cloth member to travel, the filter cloth member being wound at least once around a wringing roller, and having a twisted portion at which the filter cloth member is twisted at least once and wound around the wringing roller; inducing a primary rotary motion of the wringing roller in a direction in which the filter cloth member travels; inducing secondary rotary motion of the wringing roller in a direction in which the filter cloth member is twisted upstream with respect to the wringing roller; and supplying a solid-liquid substance to an upstream portion of the filter cloth member with respect to the wringing roller.

Abstract: A filter designed in compact form and requiring low filtration cost, by which there is no need to replace filter each time it becomes clogged and for which no liquid for backwashing is required, and with which is possible to filter under liquid pressure. In the filter, two ends of a filtering segment with a predetermined length of a filter medium in an oblong tube shape are movably and closely squeezed and held by a pair of opposing pressure rollers. A raw liquid introducing pipe is closely squeezed and held between a pair of pressure rollers, a forward end of the raw liquid introducing pipe is disposed within the range of the filtering segment of the tube-like filter medium. The filter medium is moved to the filtering segment constantly or when the filter medium is clogged, and the clogged filter medium is moved beyond the range of the filtering segment.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus, in particular a machine, for the pressing and dewatering or filtering of sludges, fibrous material suspensions or cellulosic material suspensions, having two circulating filter belts or screen belts between which the material to be pressed, dewatered or filtered is made to pass, and two circulating pressure belts or supporting belts for supporting said two filter belts on their sides facing away from the material to be treated, with supporting or pressure means, in particular stationary during the operation of the apparatus, for the pressure or supporting belts on their sides facing away from the filter belts or the material to be treated.

Abstract: A mechanical sludge dewatering system including a plurality of first rollers, one or more second rollers and a liquid-permeable, endless belt passing between the first and second rollers from an inlet to an outlet end. At least some of the rollers of the first set are tapered from their ends to a smaller diameter at the center, the amount of taper decreasing from the roller at the inlet end to that at the outlet end, the opposing one or more second rollers being of constant diameter. The sludge carried on the belt passes through the cavities defined by the tapered first rollers and the cylindrical second roller(s), which decrease in cross section from the inlet to the outlet end, thereby squeezing water from the sludge. The first rollers each have grooves around their periphery adjacent each end, and the belt carries a protruding strip along each side, the belt being laterally constrained by the strips riding in the grooves.

Abstract: A thermal transfer printing device for a franking machine uses a multi-strike thermal transfer ribbon. Mail items are fed to the printing device and frictional engagement between the mail item and the ribbon during a printing operation draws ribbon from a supply spool. After completion of the printing operation, the mail item is separated from the ribbon and the ribbon is partially rewound onto the supply spool so that each portion of the ribbon is used progressively a number of times. An encoder disc on the supply spool shaft generates signals indicative of the length of ribbon drawn from and rewound onto the spool to control rewinding of the ribbon.

Abstract: A belt-loading roller arrangement, in particular for a high-pressure region in belt-filter presses, comprising at least one belt-loading roller which is embraced over part of its circumference by two bands for enclosing a stock to be pressed. The peripheral roller surface is formed of a plurality of cylinder section surfaces, which diameters are smaller than that of the roller.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter belt press for separating solid matter from material suspensions, in particular fibrous material suspensions, in which the filter belts are guided through a wedge-shaped dehydrating zone in which the filter belts are supported at least over portions by wedge-like converging filter plates. For an optimation of the pressing effect, it is provided that the filter belts (3,4) be guided from this first dehydrating zone (1), in which the filter plates (5) are optionally supported by dehydrating boxes (6) or provided with dehydrating boxes (6) on their outsides, into a surface press (2) or surface pressure means for the material (29) or filter cake present between the filter belts (3,4), the press (2) in particular being immediately adjacent the end of the wedge-shaped dehydrating zone (1).

Abstract: A filter press utilizes a continuous loop tube having at least one longitudinal segment made of filter media and an insert frame encapsulated within the tube. The tube is driven by a roller chain/link chain combination such that the tube is repeatedly inverted and drawn through the frame. A liquid/solid slurry is introduced at one end of the tube and passes through the frame therewith wherein hydrostatic and hydraulic forces urge the liquid outwardly through the filter media which retain the solids until they have passed through the restricted volume of the frame. No lateral seals are required in as much as the tube completely encircles the slurry.

Abstract: A press for extracting juice from comestible solids and semi-solids such as fruit and vegetables which includes a stationary perforated platen, a juice pervious conveyor belt for carrying comminuted comestible into pressing position over that platen, a feeder for forming a series of separated non-continuous beds of comminuted comestible upon the belt, a rotary drive moving the belt incrementally to position each bed of comestible in sequence over the stationary platen and a pressing platen which has a pressing cavity overlying the stationary platen defined by a depending sealing flange circumscribing the bed of comestible and a flexible membrane within the cavity that can be expanded into pressing engagement with the bed by pneumatic pressure in order to press juice from the comestible for drainage through the juice pervious belt and perforated stationary platen into a juice collection pan.

Abstract: A filter press for the thickening of cellulose pulp or sludge in which the filter press is furnished with a feedbox to lead the sludge suspension to the wire. In order to increase the capacity of filter presses or the like, the sludge to be dried can be fed through a feedbox in accordance with the invention, in which box there is at least one surface penetrating the liquid to facilitate thickening of the sludge suspension before it is lead to the filter press wire.

Abstract: In method for the dewatering of naturally moist, coarse lump peat or of a similar material, the material is continuously fractured into particles to approximately 2-3 cm diameter and is dispersed onto a lower screen belt. With the leading in of a provided upper screen belt the material is conveyed between the two screen belts through a preliminary dewatering zone, where at a pressure which is only given through the tension of the screen belts in a loop on at least one pair of rolls, a homogeneous filter cake is produced. The latter is pressed in a subsequent dewatering zone of a number of pairs of nip rolls at a pressure increasing along the zone between screen belts, whereby in each case between the screen belt and the nip roll a pressure belt, equal in width to the screen belt, is carried long, consisting of an elastic, watertight material, but which is designed to receive and carry away the filtrate and to stabilize the material which is to be pressed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a filtration process for separating solid, sludge-like and dissolved constituents from effluent, comprising the steps of introducing under an elevated pressure the effluent into a tube-shaped filter having a closed end and an open end, the tube-shaped filter being comprised of a semi-permeable material, the point of introduction of the effluent being initially near the closed end of the filter; moving the point of introduction of the effluent away from the closed end and toward the open end of the filter; and adjusting the rate of introduction of the effluent into the filter to achieve a predetermined content of solids in the concentrate remaining inside the filter. Also disclosed is a device for carrying out this process.

Abstract: For the batch filtration of suspensions by application of external pressure, after the pressing of the suspension in the press-chamber space and before entrance of the resultant press cake into at least one subsequent press-chamber space the structure of the press cake is changed by shearing forces and the press cake is curved and at least partially torn apart. In the case of municipal sludge the flaked sludge is subjected in a first pressing zone to slow increase of pressure and a pressure of up to about 1 bar and then is subjected in at least one following press zone to a pressure increase which is more rapid than in the first press zone, up to a pressure of about 3 bars.

Abstract: An improved juice extractor is adapted to separate the juice of a fruit pomace from the pulp thereof. The juice extractor has an elongated flexible open-ended sleeve positioned adjacent a bearing or backup surface, and having an entrance end adapted to receive the pomace. The sleeve is formed of a foraminous material permeable to the juice to be extracted, but substantially impermeable to the pulp of such fruit. The cross-sectional area of this sleeve decreases toward its exit end. A plurality of roller members are adapted to press proximate portions of the sleeve against the bearing surface, and are also mounted for movement along the sleeve. The action of the moving roller members causes the pomace to be advanced along the sleeve. Such movement of the roller members, coupled with the decreasing cross-sectional area of the sleeve, gently squeezes the pomace to separate the juice from the pulp. The juice passes through the sleeve and is collected. The pulp is discharged through the exit end of the sleeve.

Abstract: This invention relates to apparatus for use in extracting liquid from materials, said apparatus comprising means for depositing a constant supply of said materials onto a constantly moving continuous belt like element, means adapted to apply sufficient force to said materials on said element to extract liquid therefrom, means to receive said liquid and second means to receive the residual material from said belt like element.

Abstract: A method of removing liquid from a slurry of solid material in liquid in which the liquid is squeezed from the slurry by passing the slurry through a roll nip and, simultaneously with the squeezing and passing, the liquid squeezed from the slurry is blocked from flowing through the roll nip.Apparatus for removing liquid from a slurry of solid material in a liquid includes a plurality of liquid guides, disposed in a spaced-apart parallel relationship, being inclined away from and opening adjacent the roll nip.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a band filter press for separating liquid and solid matter comprising a continuous filter band adapted to receive a mixture of liquid and solid matter and convey it through successive loading, pressing and unloading zones. The filter band is in the form of a hose having a bottom center strip and two cover strips fixedly connected to the edges of the bottom strip and partially covering the same. The cover strips, which may be either integrally formed with the center strip or provided in the form of separate strips which are connected to the center strip at its lateral edges, enclose acute angles with the center strip. The lateral extremities of the connection points between the cover strips and the center strip define finite longitudinally-extending edges by means of which lateral movement of the filter band may be determined and controlled.