Abstract: A railroad car including a plurality of penetration resistant and protective structures including a penetration resistant and protective underframe, penetration resistant and protective first end, second end, and center bulkheads, penetration resistant and protective first, second, third, and fourth side walls, and protective first and second roof hatches, all configured to protect internal cylinder assemblies, the pipes that communicate the gas from the cylinders of the cylinder assemblies, and the safety critical valves, regulators, and other equipment connected to such cylinders and pipes of the railroad car in an accident (such as a derailment, crash and/or roll-over).

Abstract: A tank for transporting fluids on a truck chassis includes a front wall, side walls, a back wall, a top, and a floor. Interior stairs extend from the floor to an opening in the top to allow stair access into the interior with integrated safety handrails on the fill port cover. Stair toe kicks act as internal transverse baffles to help control fluid motion and surging. The stairs also act as a structural stiffener between longitudinal baffles. Horizontal baffles assist in controlling fluid motion and surging. Formed baffles provide strength and stiffness. A baffle interlocking system improves joint integrity and aids manufacturing. Formed outer skins provide structural strength for the tank. Ports located in front and rear bulkheads may be used for tank ventilation or, depending on local safety codes, as secondary access points. Doors or other access openings may be located in the tank bulkheads to provide better interior access.

Abstract: Liquid storage systems for space vehicles include at least one storage tank including a tank inlet, a tank outlet, and a plurality of liquid storage compartments coupled to each other in series between the tank inlet and the tank outlet. Each liquid storage compartment includes an end plate including a porous outlet at an end of the liquid storage compartment adjacent to another liquid storage compartment. Propulsion systems for space vehicles include at least one such liquid storage tank. Methods of providing a liquid propellant to a thruster of a space vehicle include withdrawing a liquid propellant from a first compartment within a tank and flowing the liquid propellant from a second compartment into the first compartment through a porous element associated with an end plate separating the first compartment from the second compartment.

Abstract: A cradle drive system includes a cradle drive sled. The sled includes a pin configured to mechanically couple the sled to a cradle. The cradle is configured to hold a hardware load for movement along a factory rail. The sled also includes a power interface configured to provide torque to move a hardware load. The sled further includes processing circuitry configured to, in response to determining that the sled is mechanically coupled to the cradle, transfer the cradle and hardware load longitudinally along the factory rail.

Abstract: This specification relates to systems and methods to insulate components of industrial infrastructure, such as tank systems and valve boxes used in association with oil wells. According to some implementations, a system includes a component to contain an outflow associated with industrial infrastructure; a foam arranged to insulate an exterior area associated with the component; a moisture barrier arranged to protect the foam; and a support structure to protect the foam from the weight of the component.

Abstract: A cradle drive system includes a cradle drive sled. The sled includes a pin configured to mechanically couple the sled to a cradle. The cradle is configured to hold a hardware load for movement along a factory rail. The sled also includes a power interface configured to provide torque to move a hardware load. The sled further includes processing circuitry configured to, in response to determining that the sled is mechanically coupled to the cradle, transfer the cradle and hardware load longitudinally along the factory rail.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing safe access to the upper surface of a mobile container. The apparatus includes a pivoting handrail system having a walk surface, a first set of rails and a second set of rails both capable of being raised and lowered between a raised access position and a lowered stored position, a first pull for raising and lowering the first set of rails, a second pull for raising and lowering the second set of rails, and a support device for supporting the walk surface and attaching to the mobile container. An access such as a ladder may be attached to the pivoting handrail system to provide access to the pivoting handrail system.

Abstract: A transport tanker and a method of reinforcing a transport tanker are generally provided. The transport tanker may include a tank body, and a coupling structure, including a web extending from the tank body, for transferring a towing load to the tank body. A load spreading structure may be affixed to the tank body and configured to spread at least a portion of a load experienced by the tank body in a region proximate a terminal end of the web. The load spreading structure may include a reinforcing member including a elongated U-shaped member including two legs joined at a first end by an arcuate section. A respective one of the two legs may be at least partially disposed on opposed sides of the web with web at least partially received within an open second end of the U-shaped member.

Abstract: A transport tanker and a method of reinforcing a transport tanker are generally provided. The transport tanker may include a tank body, and a coupling structure, including a web extending from the tank body, for transferring a towing load to the tank body. A load spreading structure may be affixed to the tank body and configured to spread at least a portion of a load experienced by the tank body in a region proximate a terminal end of the web. The load spreading structure may include a reinforcing member including a elongated U-shaped member including two legs joined at a first end by an arcuate section. A respective one of the two legs may be at least partially disposed on opposed sides of the web with web at least partially received within an open second end of the U-shaped member.

Abstract: Railroad tank cars are provided that include an inner tank, an outer tank, and tank to tank clearance between the inner tank and the outer tank. Insulation and spacers can be located within the tank to tank clearance. The inner tank can shift within the outer tank, and spacers can crush, under significant force loading, such as impact forces generated during a collision or derailment. The inner tank, insulation, spacers, and outer tank thus form an energy absorbing system that reduces the likelihood that the inner tank will be breached, and that a hazardous material contained therein will be released, under such conditions.

Abstract: A transport tanker and a method of reinforcing a transport tanker are generally provided. The transport tanker may include a tank body, and a coupling structure, including a web extending from the tank body, for transferring a towing load to the tank body. A load spreading structure may be affixed to the tank body and configured to spread at least a portion of a load experienced by the tank body in a region proximate a terminal end of the web. The load spreading structure may include a reinforcing member including a elongated U-shaped member including two legs joined at a first end by an arcuate section. A respective one of the two legs may be at least partially disposed on opposed sides of the web with web at least partially received within an open second end of the U-shaped member.

Abstract: An apparatus for reinforcing a railway tank car includes a tank shell. A plurality of attachment pads are welded to the tank shell to form a tank assembly. The tank assembly is subjected to a post-weld heat treatment. A plurality of shield plates may each be welded directly to at least one of the plurality of attachment pads. The shield plates are not subjected to the post-weld heat treatment.

Abstract: An apparatus for reinforcing a railway tank car includes a tank shell. A plurality of attachment pads are welded to the tank shell to form a tank assembly. The tank assembly is subjected to a post-weld heat treatment. A plurality of shield plates may each be welded directly to at least one of the plurality of attachment pads. The shield plates are not subjected to the post-weld heat treatment.

Abstract: A head brace and a method for attaching a stub sill to a tank of a railroad tank car by the use of such a head brace. A stub sill includes side plates having ears that extend upward to support the tank near where the head of the tank is attached, and a head brace is welded to the side plates and to the head of the tank in a weld joint that can be continuous along the head brace from the ears of the side plate to the center of the head brace. Doublers may be provided on the sill where the head brace is welded to the side plates.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for safely transporting various hazardous materials, including spent nuclear fuel. The invention includes a cask cradle that is configured to securely receive a cask for containment of hazardous materials, such as spent nuclear fuel. The cask cradle in accordance with the invention includes a front cradle section load bearing brace, a rear cradle section having a first non-loading bearing brace and a second non-loading brace, first and second horizontal support members connecting the front cradle section to the rear cradle section and trunnions that lock into and retain the cask. The invention also provides a railcar having a depressed flatbed region for receiving and securely retaining the cask cradle.

Abstract: A railway tank car of light weight and high cargo load capacity in which a tank shell structure is carried on and unified with an underframe including a stub sill at each end, a pair of spaced apart saddle bolsters, each joined to a respective one of the stub sills, and a center sill interconnecting the saddle bolsters. The tank shell rests on and is welded to the center sill, the saddle bolsters, and the stub sills, so that the tank shell is an integral part of the car, and both static and dynamic load forces resulting from train operation and from cargo loads are shared by the tank and the underframe. The underframe is constructed primarily of welded flat plate, with a minimum of specially formed parts and difficult welds, in order to simplify and minimize the costs of construction.

Abstract: An apparatus specifically tailored to transporting pipes in a tunnel is disclosed. A pair of low slung bogies are used to support and transport a pipe to pipe junction location. The bogies move over a pair of rails on rollers. The pipe rests on a set of inflatable devices which may be selectively inflated in a controlled manner to move the pipe in two axes during transport to the junction site. At the junction site, the inflatable devices are used to "jockey" the pipe on the transport device to provide limited roll, pitch and yaw movement of the pipe to facilitate mating the transported pipe with the end of a previously set pipe string.

Abstract: A method for attaching a head brace to a tank car includes cutting a portion of the draft sill near the position where the head brace is to be located in order to create an access opening. The interior of the head brace is welded to the draft sill assembly and front sill pad through the access opening. The exterior of the head brace may also be welded to the draft sill assembly and front sill pad. An apparatus for attaching a portion of tank to railway car includes a head brace and draft sill formed with an access opening.

Abstract: A weld support (50) for use with a center sill assembly (16) for supporting a cradle pad (12) used to support the end of a railway tank car body (B). The center sill assembly includes first and second spaced apart side plates (18, 20) spaced to either side of the car body, and a top plate (28). The weld support comprises first and second support members (52, 54) installed on opposite sides of the assembly. A pocket (56) is formed in the center sill assembly on each side thereof. A respective weld support member is attached to the top plate adjacent the respective pockets, for the weld support members to extend above the upper surface of the top plate. The weld support members each provide a substantial contact surface with the cradle pad. Each weld support member also helps pool welding material in the respective pockets to effect a strong weld between the cradle pad and center sill assembly.

Abstract: An underbody structure (10) supporting an end of a railway car body (B, B') cradled in a cradle pad (12, 12'). A center sill assembly (16) has first and second spaced apart side plates (18, 20) spaced to either side of the longitudinal centerline of the car body. A top plate (28) extends along the center sill assembly, the width of the top plate corresponding to the width between the side plates. The top plate is attached to the side plates to form part of the center sill assembly. A weld support (50) is installed on both sides of the assembly. Part of the respective side plates and top plate are cut-away at the junction formed between to form a pocket (56) in which welding material pools. Weld support members (52, 54) are attached to the top plate adjacent the pockets. The weld supports provide a substantial contact surface between the center sill assembly and the cradle pad.

Abstract: An improved railway car underbody support structure and method for economically constructing same. The structure includes a center sill assembly having a pair of vertically disposed side plates spaced equidistant from the longitudinal center line of the car body and extending from a coupler longitudinally inboard to a wheeled truck assembly. The truck assembly carries two laterally spaced side bearing members for bearing the load of the car body during lateral tilting of the car body. One of the improved features is a unitary metal member cut from an economically patterned metal plate. The unitary members, which are themselves free of any weld lines which may crack under the extreme loads exerted on railway cars, are welded to the underside edge of a respective side plate and welded together beneath the center line of the car body.

Abstract: An improved bolster assembly (21) is for use on a railway tank car (T). The assembly comprises a vertical web member (23) the upper end of which is formed to fit about the outer surface of the shell (S) forming the tank. The member has a lifting hook opening (41) formed therein adjacent the outer end of the member. The size and orientation of the opening conform to the Association of American Railroads (AAR) design specifications for devices used in vertically lifting the car. Reinforcement plates (45a, 45b) are attached to at least one side of the web member, at the upper end thereof, to reinforce the member. The reinforcement plates are spaced from the opening and not adjacent thereto.

Abstract: This kit is designed to be a replacement for gasoline and oil truck tank mounting straps. Primarily, it consists of a multiple number of assemblies, each including a pair of mounting plates, a vertical plate, a threaded rod, a horizontal mounting plate, and a horizontal bottom support strap plate, which is tightened up against the bottom of the frame of the body of a truck by nuts so as to allow quick replacement of a tank on such a vehicle.

Abstract: A combination bottom outlet saddle and sump is provided for a railway tank car. The saddle member comprises an upper surface which conforms to the underside of the tank body and is attached thereto in surrounding relationship with an outlet opening formed in the tank body. An opening is formed through the saddle member in fluid communication with the outlet opening. A sump is recessed into the upper surface of the saddle member longitudinally spaced a short distance from the saddle member opening in fluid communication with the outlet opening. A bottom outlet valve is mounted to the lower surface of the saddle member in fluid communication with the saddle member opening. A recessed channel may be provided in the upper surface of the saddle member to permit fluid communication between the sump and the saddle member opening. A skid assembly surrounds the entire saddle member.

Abstract: A center stub sill railway tank car is disclosed having a generally cylindric, elongate tank. A center stub sill assembly is secured to the lower portion of the tank at each end thereof for transferring longitudinal train and lading loads between the tank and the center stub sill assembly. A bolster assembly is secured to the center stub sill and extends transversely of the car. An improved cradle assembly is secured to the lower end portion of the tank for reinforcing the tank bottom in the area of the center stub sill, the cradle assembly having an arcuate cradle extending at least in part circumferentially upwardly from the bottom centerline of the tank generally at the longitudinal position of the bolster assembly, and an upwardly facing hat section elongate cradle secured to the bottom end of the tank and extending inboard from the cradle.

Abstract: A chassisless fiberglass tank trailer. The tank trailer includes a tank shell formed of a fiberglass reinforced isotholic resin, with fiberglass filaments bias-wound at an angle of approximately 45.degree.. The tank shell has a forward head and a rear head for forming a fluid carrying container. A forward cradle is attached to the tank shell with mounting portions used for mounting a fifth wheel member, and a rear cradle is attached to the tank shell and having mounting portions used for mounting a rear wheel carriage. The cradles further include a plurality of holes extending therethrough and a plurality of protrusions extending therefrom. The holes and protrusions interact with the resin and fiberglass winding to rigidly hold the cradles to the tank shell. A plurality of circumferential reinforcing ribs are located between each of the mounting portions and at other desired locations longitudinally on the tank shell. The ribs are also molded in with fiberglass reinforced resin.

Abstract: The tank of a railway tank car is supported adjacent to its opposite ends on two truck-mounted underframes, each underframe including a pair of body bolster plates disposed in a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tank and having an upper edge spaced well above the associated truck. Cover plates extend along the outer edges of the body bolster plates substantially perpendicular thereto and projecting upwardly above the upper edges thereof. Each body bolster plate has a rectangular notch in the upper edge thereof spaced closely adjacent to the outer surface of the tank. A lifting lug extends along each upper edge from the cover plate to the slabbing to close the upper end of the notch and define an opening to receive an associated lifting lug. Each lug has a broad inner end against the tank slabbing.

Abstract: A skid arrangement to protect an appurtenance which extends from the bottom of a railroad tank car. The skid arrangement includes a ramped box-like frame structure which is defined by longitudinal side plates and transverse end plates and diaphragm plates. The upper edges of the end plates and diaphragm plates are welded to a reinforcing pad. A pair of wood blocks are positioned within and secured to the frame structure in contact with the reinforcing pad by stud members extending therethrough and through the side plates. Impact forces which are applied to the skid arrangement are directed by the stud members into the wood blocks and in turn are directed into the reinforcing pad and uniformly distributed over a substantial length of the body of the tank car.

Abstract: A lift lug for receiving and securing a lifting device to a railroad tank car for re-railing the tank car. The lift lug includes a bolster pad mounted adjacent an end of the tank car and a vertically disposed bolster web, the bolster web having a substantially horizontal extending upper edge. A substantially horizontal base plate is mounted on the extended upper edge of the bolster web with an inner edge of the horizontal base plate secured to the bolster pad. A substantially vertical lift lug plate has its upper edge secured to the bolster pad and its lower edge secured to the base plate. A pair of generally triangular lift lug webs each have their lower edges secured to the base plate, their outer edge secured to the bolster pad. The lift lug plate has an opening adjacent its lower edge.

Abstract: A tank car stub sill support structure is provided in which a half ring is attached to the inner end of a stub center sill at each end of the car. The half ring includes a top cover plate which engages the lower half of the tank, and a lower cover plate which is vertically spaced below the top cover plate. A vertical web joins the top cover plate and the bottom cover plate. The height of the vertical web and the distance between the top cover plate and the bottom cover plate varies in accordance with the bending moment applied to the ring by the tank and lading in the car. Thus the height of the vertical web is maximum at the centerline of the car and decreases to a minimum at the sides of the car. The stub sill is welded to the upper cover plate, bottom cover plate and to the vertical web on the outboard side of the vertical web. The coupler impact loads are thus transmitted into the upper cover plate and into the tank substantially entirely in shear.

Abstract: A tank car stub sill underframe is assembled by welding together a pair of angles to opposite edges of a longitudinally extending curved plate to form a generally channel-shaped section. The channel-shaped section includes a concave top plate and a pair of vertically extending legs welded to the concave top plate. Each leg includes an outwardly extending, horizontal flange at the base of each leg. The curved plate includes a first portion extending from the end of the car inboard to a point adjacent, but outboard of, the car body bolster in which the curved plate spans the distance between the vertical legs and each of the plate's transverse outer edges engage the upper end of one of the vertical legs. The curved portion includes a second or intermediate portion extending from the inner end of the first portion through the body bolster area and continuing considerably inboard of the bolster area.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a lifting pocket is provided in a tank car bolster bottom cover plate or other tank car support plate. The support plate includes an opening for receiving a U-shaped lifting hook having a first leg having an eye for attachment to a chain or cable and an outer leg having a tapered end portion. The opening is in communication with a pocket formed above the opening for receiving the lifting hook. The pocket includes walls extending upwardly from the plate and a cover plate closing the top of the pocket. The pocket is spaced from the outer end of the support plate sufficient for the outer leg of the hook to extend into the pocket transversely of the car and the inner leg to a vertical surface at the side of the car. The support or bolster is sufficiently wide that the hook cannot be inserted into the pocket other than transversely of the car with the first leg engaging the side of the car and the outer leg extending into the pocket.

Abstract: With a view to eliminating the annealing of the entire container for stress-relieving purposes after assembly and to prevent excessive stressing of its tanks, a self-contained transport container with two adjacent and rigidly interconnected cylindrical liquid tanks has the tanks screwed together with each other and with saddle elements and intermediate saddles via T-members and additional transverse connecting members.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is railway apparatus or the like for mixing and transporting molten metals, particularly pig iron, which essentially comprises a longitudinal, refractory lined cylindrical vessel, provided at its opposite ends with removable cover members and also provided with a self-contained drive unit for rotating the vessel about its longitudinal axis. This vessel, with its associated self-contained drive unit, is removably supported beneath its ends upon two spaced railroad trucks, through ball joints associated therewith. The vessel and drive unit may be readily separated from the underlying trucks for installation, maintenance, and/or removal of the refractory lining in any desired vessel orientation, while the vessel is rotated by its self-contained drive unit.