Abstract: The present invention is a method for preparing a .beta.-form copper phthalocyanine pigment comprising the steps of; dry milling crude copper phthalocyanine at a temperature between 110.degree. and 200.degree. C., and transforming an .alpha.-form crystal to a .beta.-form crystal by treating the resulting .alpha.-.beta. mixture of copper phthalocyanine in an organic solvent or a liquid mixture of water and an organic solvent. The preparation method of the present invention offers a .beta.-form copper phthalocyanine pigment at lower cost having equivalent or superior quality in color strength, clearness, fluidity and hue compared to the pigment produced by the conventional salt milling method.

Abstract: A method of preparing a non-aqueous dispersion of CuPc which comprises milling crude CuPc in a high boiling liquid at a temperature from 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. in the presence of a polyester amine or polyesterammonium salt and a CuPc fluidising agent. Preferred polyesterammonium salt is obtainable by reacting polyhydroxystearic acid with 3-dimethylaminopropylamine quaternised with dimethylsulphate.

Abstract: A color ink jet ink set for color printing is disclosed. The set comprises:(a) a first ink comprises a carrier and a bridged aluminum phthalocyanine pigment as a cyan colorant;(b) a second ink comprising a carrier and a quinacridone pigment as a magenta colorant; and(c) a third ink comprising a carrier and a non-benzidine yellow pigment.A fourth ink comprising pigment black 7 may also be included in the set.

Abstract: A method for dispersing a pigment is disclosed, wherein the pigment is dispersed in a medium solution by using sintered zirconia beads having an average particle diameter of 40 to 192 .mu.m, a density of 5.9 g/cm.sup.3 or more, and a sphericity of 1.07 or smaller. The method is particularly useful for providing an excellent coating gloss when the medium solution is a binder for forming a paint or a coating composition or a binder for forming an ink composition.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for making a resin additive for a liquid paint. The process comprises of the steps selecting a thermosettable organic resin, curing the resin to form a cured thermoset resin, and particulizing the cured resin to a size no greater than about 20 .mu.m. The present invention is particularly useful in making environmentally friendly paint formulations.

Abstract: A water-dispersed inkjet recording liquid excellent in water resistance and transparency and also excellent in the property of ejection from a nozzle, containing, as a colorant, a water-based dispersion of an organic pigment (A) having an average particle diameter of 10 to 150 nm (measured by laser scattering), the water-based dispersion of the organic pigment (A) being obtained by mechanically kneading a mixture containing at least three components, said components being, the organic pigment (A), a water-soluble inorganic salt (B) in an amount by weight at least three times as large as the amount of the organic pigment (A) and a water-soluble solvent (C) to finely mill the organic pigment (A), and then removing the water-soluble inorganic salt (B) and the water-soluble solvent (C) by washing the kneaded mixture with water, and a process for the production thereof.

Abstract: A process of dispersing a pigment consists of agitating a pigment in water with a polyoxyalkylated ether dispersant. The polyoxyalkylated ether comprises Units of the formulae A and B whereinUnit A is an alkyl group of the formula: ##STR1## and; Unit B is an oxyalkylate of the formula:(OCH.sub.2 CHR.sub.2).sub.y OR.sub.3 (IB)wherein R and R.sub.1 individually represent hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group; R.sub.2 is --H or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group; x represents a number from about 9 to about 75; R.sub.3 is --H or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group; and y is between about 1 to about 475.

Abstract: Cocrystallized titanyl phthalocyanine-titanyl fluorophthalocyanine compositions, preparation methods, and electrophotographic elements utilizing the compositions. The method has the steps of: admixing crude titanyl phthalocyanine and crude titanyl fluorophthalocyanine to provide a pigment mixture; increasing the amorphousness of the pigment mixture as determined by X-ray crystallography using X-radiation characteristic of Cu K.alpha. at a wavelength of 1.541 .ANG. of the Bragg angle 2.theta. to provide an amorphous pigment mixture; contacting the amorphous pigment mixture with organic solvent having a gamma.sub.c hydrogen bonding parameter of less than 8.0; and prior to the contacting, substantially excluding the amorphous pigment mixture from contact with organic solvent having a gamma.sub.c hydrogen bonding parameter greater than 9.0.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a pigment dispersion composition for depositing a multiplicity of pores existing in anodic oxide films formed on a surface of an aluminum or aluminum alloy material by way of electrophoresis for coloration, the pores being preliminarily enlarged to have a diameter of 50 nm to 250 nm. The pigment dispersion composition comprises water, a pigment dispersant and a pigment. The pigment dispersed in the pigment dispersion composition has a median particle size of not greater than 250 nm in a particle-size distribution thereof with not greater than 30% of the pigment particles being impassable through a sieve having a mesh size of 300 nm. The pigment dispersion composition is useful for coloration of the anodic oxide films, and has excellent repeated-coloration characteristics.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing alpha-phase metal phthalocyanine pigments from crude metal phthalocyanine pigments comprising(a) acid pasting or acid swelling a crude metal phthalocyanine pigment;(b) dry milling the acid-pasted or acid-swelled metal phthalocyanine pigment in the presence of 5 to 50 parts by weight of a stabilizer per 100 parts by weight of the crude metal phthalocyanine pigment until the average particle size is reduced to less than about 0.5 .mu.m;(c) finishing the milled metal phthalocyanine pigment by thoroughly mixing said milled metal phthalocyanine pigment with a finishing solvent mixture comprising 3 to 6 parts by weight, relative to the crude metal phthalocyanine pigment, of water and 0.4 to 1.

Abstract: Naphthalocyanines of the general formula I ##STR1## where the variables have the following meanings: R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are each independently of the others hydrogen, hydroxyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkoxy, whose carbon chains may each be interrupted by from 1 to 4 oxygen atoms in ether function and which may be phenyl-substituted,R.sup.9, R.sup.10, R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are each independently of the others hydrogen, halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkoxy, whose carbon chains may each be interrupted by from 1 to 4 oxygen atoms in ether function,Me is two hydrogen atoms, two univalent metal atoms or a bivalent metal atom with or without further substituents for valence saturation,are pigments with isometric particles and a particle size distribution from 10 to 300 nm.

Abstract: Copper phthalocyanine pigments are finely divided in an ecologically and economically advantageous manner by first of all subjecting crude, coarsely crystalline copper phthalocyanine pigments to dry milling and then wet milling the finely divided prepigments which are obtained in the course of dry milling, in aqueous suspension and with the addition of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the total millbase, of an organic solvent which is inert with respect to the process conditions, on a stirred ball mill which is operated at an energy density of more than 2.5 kW per liter of milling space and a peripheral stirrer speed of more than 12 m/s under the action of grinding media having a diameter of less than or equal to 1 mm. Copper phthalocyanine pigments prepared in this way are particularly suitable as colorants for pigmenting paints, printing inks and plastics.

Abstract: Aggregates, matrices, and composites exhibiting enhanced structural characteristics, together with methods and apparatuses for their manufacture, are disclosed. Many of these embodiments rely on three dimensional reticulation to enhance material property features, such as fracture toughness and resistance to thermal shock.

Abstract: A process for the production of a copper phthalocyanine pigment composition from 70 to 99% by weight of a crude copper phthalocyanine and 30 to 1% by weight of a phthalocyanine derivative,the crude copper phthalocyanine being converted to a pigment without a large amount of energy and the treatment of exhaust water,the copper phthalocyanine pigment composition having excellent fluidity, tinting strength and stability with time when used in a coating composition or a printing ink,the copper phthalocyanine pigment composition showing almost no "strike-through" when used for gravure printing on low-quality paper,the process comprising dry milling the entirety of the crude copper phthalocyanine and the phthalocyanine derivative in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight of a final composition in the absence of a milling auxiliary until the content of an .alpha.

Abstract: The invention relates to an organic pigment, preferably an azoic pigment, characterized in that it has been treated with polyalkylene imine with a view to improving its characteristics when used in painting. This treatment can be carried out both on an organic pigment treated by known methods and on an untreated pigment. A treated pigment is generally preferred, however, particularly if maximum opacity is desired.

Abstract: A process for producing a metal phthalocyanine pigment which comprises the steps of: reacting phthalic anhydride or a derivative thereof with urea or a derivative thereof with heating in the presence of a catalyst either in the presence or absence of an organic solvent; adding to the reaction mixture of the preceding step a metal or its compound capable of constituting the core of the metal phthalocyanine either alone or together with urea or a derivative thereof, without isolating the reaction product from the reaction mixture of the preceding step; and allowing the reaction mixture to react while simultaneously applying a mechanical grinding force in the presence or absence of a grinding agent.

Abstract: Phthalocyanine pigments and phthalocyanine pigment preparations in the .alpha. phase and in the .beta. phase are prepared with phase conservation in an environmentally safe and economical manner bya) first wet milling a phthalocyanine pigment in an inert liquid medium in a stirred ball mill which is operated at a power density of more than 2.

Abstract: Copper phthalocyanine pigments and pigment preparations in the .alpha. phase are prepared with phase conversion from copper phthalocyanine crude pigments of the .beta. phase in an environmentally safe and economical manner bya) first wet milling a copper phthalocyanine pigment, which is predominantly present in the .beta. phase, in an aqueous, preferably neutral to alkaline medium in a stirred ball mill which is operated at a power density of more than 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a beta-phase metal phthalocyanine pigments in which(a) a crude metal phthalocyanine having an average particle size of about 10 to about 200 .mu.M is dry milled until the average particle size is reduced to about 0.01 to about 0.5 .mu.m;(b) the milled metal phthalocyanine is finished by thoroughly mixing said metal phthalocyanine with at least about 4 parts by weight, relative to the metal phthalocyanine, of a finishing solvent containing a mixture of(i) about 5 to 100 percent by weight, based on the total amount of finishing solvent, of a monocarboxylic acid monoester, dicarboxylic acid diester, diol diester, lactone, or cyclic carbonate, or a mixture thereof, and(ii) 0 to about 95 percent by weight, based on the total amount of finishing solvent, of water;(c) the ester used in step (b) is hydrolyzed; and(d) the beta-phase metal phthalocyanine pigment is collected.

Abstract: A process for the production of a .beta.-form copper phthalocyanine having a particle size of 0.005 to 0.2 .mu.m and an aspect ratio of 1 to 3, which comprises the following steps:a. dry-milling a crude copper phthalocyanine in a milling apparatus until the resultant dry-milled product has an .alpha.-crystal content of more than 45% by weight,wet-milling the resultant dry-milled product in the presence of a water-soluble inorganic salt and at least one organic liquid selected from the group consisting of water-soluble alkylene glycols having 2 to 3 carbon atoms and polyoxyalkylene glycols, wherein the inorganic salt is used in an amount that is 2 to 10 times, by weight, as large as that of the dry-milled copper phthalocyanine, and wherein the organic liquid is used in an amount that is 0.1 to 2 times, by weight, as large as that of the dry-milled copper phthalocyanine, andc. removing the inorganic salt and the organic liquid from the resultant wet-milled product.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a copper phthalocyanine pigment, which comprises dry grinding crude copper phthalocyanine, treating the dry ground crude copper phthalocyanine with an aqueous solution of a mineral acid under such conditions of acid concentration and temperature as not to transform the .beta. form contained in the ground crude copper phthalocyanine into the .alpha. one to thereby carry out the pigmentation and removing the mineral acid from the resulting mixture.

Abstract: A polyhalogenated phthalocyanine obtained by halogenation of phthalocyanine in the presence of aluminum chloride and contains not more than 0.02 part by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the phthalocyanine before the halogenation, of water-insoluble inorganic impurities derived from the aluminum chloride contributes to improvement of a printing ink in form plate abrasion properties.

Abstract: Pigment preparations whose pigment portion is composed essentially of organic pigments and of pigment additives of the formula I ##STR1## in which P is a radical of an organic pigment and X in the methylene groups of the lactam ring is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, phenyl, hydroxyl, NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 or COOM, m is an integer from 3 to 20 and n can have a value from 0.1 to 4, are suitable for pigmenting high-molecular-weight organic materials in solvent-borne as well as aqueous systems.The pigment preparations have high flocculation stability and good rheological properties.

Abstract: A process for converting crude pigments into pigmentary form wherein the crude pigment is premilled, then contacted with a polar solvent at temperatures below 50.degree. C., with or without the presence of particle growth inhibitors, and finally isolated.

Abstract: An electrophotographic coating composition comprising finely-divided photoconductive perylene pigment dispersed in a solvent solution of polymeric binder is prepared by the steps of (1) milling a perylene pigment with milling media comprising inorganic salt and non-conducting particles under shear conditions in the substantial absence of the solvent to provide pigment having a particle size up to 0.2 micrometer, (2) continuing the milling at higher shear at a temperature up to about 50.degree. C., to achieve a perceptible color change of the pigment particles, (3) rapidly reducing the temperature of the milled pigment by at least 10.degree. C., (4) separating the milled pigment from the media and (5) mixing the milled pigment with the solvent solution of polymeric binder to form the coating composition. A very high degree of dispersion of photoconductive perylene pigment in solvent solution of polymeric binder is achieved by this method.

Abstract: A dispersion and a method therefor wherein the dispersion has composition A or B, whereinA is a nonaqueous dispersion comprising pigment particles having an average size of less than 0.1 micrometer dispersed in an organic medium, andB is an aqueous dispersion comprising certain classes of inorganic pigment particles having an average size of less than 0.1 micrometer dispersed in an aqueous medium, wherein said classes of inorganic pigment particles are selected from the group consisting of metal oxides and metal salts.

Abstract: Pigment preparations consisting of organic pigments and basic additives of the general formula I(Q-A).sub.x Y (I)in which Q is a radical of the formula II ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is halogen, an alkyl, alkoxy or cyano group, R.sup.2 is halogen, m and n are integers from 0 to 4, A is a chemical bond or a divalent group from the series consisting of --(CH.sub.2).sub.p --, --CR.sup.3 R.sup.4 --, arylene, --S--, --O-- and --NR.sup.5 --, in which p is an integer from 1 to 12, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.4 is alkyl and R.sup.5 is hydrogen or alkyl, Y is a tertiary nitrogen atom or a group ##STR2## in which R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are alkyl or alkenyl or a cycloaliphatic or araliphatic radical or an alkyleneheteroaryl radical, or Y is a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical in which at least one tertiary nitrogen atom is included in the meanings mentioned for Y and x is a number from 1 to 6.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of pigment preparations of the anthanthrone series, which comprises subjecting anthanthrone crude pigments to aqueous pearl milling in the presence of dispersants of the formulaeQ.sub.1 -[A.sub.1 -X].sub.n (I)and/or[Q.sub.2 -A.sub.2 ].sub.z -Y (II)in which in formula (I) Q.sub.1 is the radical of an anthanthrone, azo, isoindolinone, diketopyrrolopyrrole or perinone compound, A.sub.1 is a direct bond or --O--, --S--, --NR.sub.3, --CO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CR.sub.4 R.sub.5 -- or arylene, X is a group ##STR1## or a heterocyclic radical having at least one nitrogen atom, and R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are hydrogen atoms or saturated or unsaturated alkyl groups and n is 1 to 4, and in formula (II) Q.sub.2 is a radical of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sub.1 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy or cyano, or, in the case that m.sub.1 >1, R.sub.1 can also be a combination of these substituents, R.sub.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of crystalline oxytitanium phthalocyanine showing a distinct diffraction in peak at a Bragg angle (2.theta..+-.0.2.degree.) of 27.3.degree. in the X-ray diffraction spectrum, which comprises mechanically pulverizing oxytitanium phthalocyanine, dispersing it in water to form a suspension, adding an organic solvent into the suspension and heating the suspension.

Abstract: Dispersions of organic pigments are produced by adding a surfactant to an aqueous slurry of an organic pigment followed by subjecting the slurry to ultrasonic radiation. The surfactant utilized is one or more of the surfactants selected from the group consisting of: various specific acidic or quaternary salts of alkyl substituted propanediamines, and derivatives thereof, as well as a poly(ethyleneoxide) ether of an 18 carbon alcohol having 9 units of ethylene oxide thereon.

Abstract: A dispersion and a method therefor wherein the dispersion has composition A or B, whereinA is a nonaqueous dispersion comprising pigment particles having an average size of less than 0.1 micrometer dispersed in an organic medium, andB is an aqueous dispersion comprising certain classes of inorganic pigment particles having an average size of less than 0.1 micrometer dispersed in an aqueous medium, wherein said classes of inorganic pigment particles are selected from the group consisting of metal oxides and metal salts.

Abstract: Crude copper phthalocyanines are transformed into a pigmentary state by treating finely divided but imperfectly crystallized and highly aggregated crude copper phthalocyanines having a primary particle size, produced by ball milling, or less than 0.1 .mu.m with an organic solvent by subjecting a suspension of the organic solvent and the milled crude copper phthalocyanine (hereinafter referred to as the solvent/pigment suspension), which has a pigment concentration of from 15 to 55% by weight and a solvent concentration of from 15 to 85% by weight and which may contain water in a concentration of from 0 to 30% by weight, to a shear gradient of from 1000 to 20000 s.sup.-1 for a period of from 2 to 1000 s with an energy uptake during shearing of from 0.01 to 0.02 kWh/kg of pigment throughput, then metering water into the solvent/pigment suspension in an amount of from 0.

Abstract: Grinding crude pigments together with inorganic grinding aids, for example rock salt and dialkyl phthalates, phenoxyethanol, 2-phenylethanol and/or dialkyl benzoates gives soft-textured pigments which produce strong colorings of higher transparency and/or higher cleanliness of hue than prior art pigments.

Abstract: Dispersions of organic pigments are produced by adding a surfactant to an aqueous slurry of an organic pigment followed by subjecting the slurry to ultrasonic radiation. The surfactant utilized is one or more of the surfactants selected from the group consisting of:1. the acidic salt of N-alkyl-N,N',N'-trimethyl-1,3-propanediamine,2. the acidic salt of N-alkyl-N,N',N'-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)-1,3-propanediamine,3. N-alkyl-N,N,N',N',N'-pentamethyl-1,3-propanediamine dichloride,4. the acidic salt of N-(N-alkyl-3-aminopropane)-N'-(3-aminopropane)-1,3-propanediaminewherein the alkyl group contains from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and5. a poly(ethyleneoxide) ether of an 18 carbon alcohol having 9 units of ethylene oxide thereon.

Abstract: Iron oxide black pigments useful as coloring pigments for lacquers and plastics are prepared by an improved process wherein finely divided iron oxide black suspensions obtained from the precipitation processor the aniline process are filtered, washed, dried and ground with the improvement in the process comprising grinding the dried iron oxide pigment in a jet mill with air as the grinding medium and with a water content of from about 1 to 6% by weight based on the iron oxide black pigment input to the process.

Abstract: A process for making an aqueous pigment dispersion comprising substantially 100 percent .beta.-phase, isometric copper phthalocyanine pigment particles is carried out by activating a pigment crude, followed by fine-milling the activated crude in the presence of an emulsion, the fine-milling taking place in a stirring mill. The resulting pigment slurry is then isolated as an aqueous presscake.

Abstract: According to the invention, addition of one or more surfactants having a cloud point in aqueous solution to an aqueous suspension of a solid gives after the isolation of the solid at a temperature above the cloud point aqueous press cakes containing a large amount of this solid. The direct processing of press cakes as obtained for example after the synthesis and isolation of dyes or pigments to give practical aqueous pastes or dispersions requires a minimum solids content in the press cakes. The minimum content is frequently not obtained when conventional methods of isolation are used, so that it is necessary to proceed via the indirect route of drying to obtain the powders and redispersing the powders. By using the process according to the invention it is possible to cut out the costly indirect route or, if desired, to reduce the expense of drying to obtain powders by an appreciable margin.

Abstract: Solid solutions of pyrrolo-[3,4-c]-pyrroles and quinacridones which contain(a) at least one compound of the formulae ##STR1## in which A and B are independently of each other one of the groups of the formulae ##STR2## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkoxy, --SR.sub.3, --N(R.sub.3).sub.2 --CF.sub.3, --CN or a group of the formulae ##STR3## R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C hd 5-alkoxy, --SR.sub.3 or --CN, and(b) at least one linear quinacridone compound of the formulae ##STR4## in which W, X, Y and Z are independently of one another halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkoxy and i, k, m and n is zero, 1 or 2, the X-ray diffraction diagrams of the solid solutions differing from the sum of the X-ray diffraction diagrams of the individual components.

Abstract: Pigmentary copper phthalocyanine is prepared by converting crude copper phthalocyanine by methods known per se in the presence of trichlorophenoxy copper phthalocyanine. The resulting pigment is heat resistant and solvent resistant.