Abstract: The present invention relates to polymers comprising absorption pigments, which are distinguished by the fact that they have high absorption in the near IR region, and to the use thereof, in particular in thermoforming and in IR light welding.

Abstract: A compound or a pigment comprising a compound where there is simultaneous substitution of more or more elements onto both the A and B sites of a pyrochlore lattice or a lattice related to a pyrochlore. The pigment comprises a compound with the formula of AyA?y?BxB?x?Zp. Elements A and A? have a valence of 1, 2, or 3; and are selected from the elements of groups 1, 2, 12, 13, 14, 15, and the first row of transition metals, excluding H, Pb, Cd, Hg, N, As, and Tl. Elements B and B? have a valence of 3, 4, 5, or 6; and are selected from the elements of the first, second, or third row of transition metals, groups 13, 14, and 15, excluding V, C, Pb, and Tl. Element Z is selected from O, F, N, a chalcogen, S, Se, hydroxide ion, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Pigment compositions are described that advantageously increase total solar reflectance. Also described are methods of making pigment compositions. The pigment compositions can contain copper oxide; copper antimony oxides, copper bismuth oxides, or combinations thereof; and alkaline earth metal oxides, early-transition metal oxides, post-transition metal oxides, metalloid (semi-metal) oxides, rare-earth metal oxides, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a compound that comprises a pseudolaminar silicate of natural origin, which is at least one clay of the paligorskite-sepiolite group, characterized in that said method comprises the following steps: defibrillating the microfibre bundles of the at least one clay in water; dispersing the defibrillated clay in an organic or inorganic liquid solvent until a stable gel is formed; adding to the dispersion at least one clay-surface-modifying agent; removing the solvent from the dispersion by means of a solid-liquid separation process and/or drying process; and deagglomerating the final compound until a powdered product is obtained. A further object of the present invention is the compound that can be obtained using said method, as well as the use of the compound as an additive or filler in composite polymeric materials in order to enhance the properties thereof, the composite polymeric material likewise being encompassed within the present invention.

Abstract: A coated glass includes a substrate, a first conductive layer, a metallic layer and a second conductive layer. The first conductive layer is deposited on the substrate. The metallic layer is deposited on the first conductive layer. The second conductive layer is deposited on the metallic layer. The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are consisted of tin oxide, antimony oxide and zinc oxide, zinc oxide has a mole percentage in a range from about 30% to about 50%, antimony oxide has a mole percentage in a range from about 1% to about 5%, and the remaining is tin oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed are heat-ray cutoff compounds, films and method using them. The heat-ray compound is produced by dispersing conductive nanoparticles in an amphoteric solvent with acids and dispersion sol, which provides a low cost production for the heat-ray cutoff films because it is able to any resin binder without sorting the kinds of resin binders (hydrolic or alcoholic, or anti-hydrolic).

Abstract: A pigment having a black metallic effect, such that when the pigment is viewed at a right angle relative to the outer surface, the pigment appears metallic, and such that when the pigment is viewed at shallow angles relative to the outer surface, the pigment appears black. The pigment herein has a high reflective opaque or semi-opaque metal substrate and a layer of high refractive index black material coated on the outer surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A polymer additive for improving the reheat characteristics of a polymer or polymeric composition comprises an inorganic material which is such that a 2.5 mm thick polyethylene terephthalate plaque incorporating the inorganic material has, when tested, an absorption ratio of less than 0.9, wherein the absorption ratio is either the ratio of A1/A2 or the ratio A1/A3, wherein: A1 is the maximum absorption between 400 nm and 550 nm; A2 is the maximum absorption between 700 to 1100 nm; A3 is the maximum absorption between 700 to 1600 nm. Preferred inorganic materials are titanium nitride, indium tin oxide and lanthanum hexaboride.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for reclaiming inorganic material from waste carpeting. The method comprises providing a waste carpeting composition comprising an inorganic filler component and an organic component. The waste carpeting is heat treated under conditions effective to separate at least a portion of the organic component from the waste carpeting composition and to provide a reclaimed inorganic filler composition at least substantially free of the organic component. Also disclosed are carpets comprising the reclaimed inorganic material reclaimed by the methods disclosed herein.

Abstract: An aqueous pigment preparation containing: (A) at least one organic and/or inorganic pigment; (B) at least one water-soluble or water-dispersible non-ionic oligoester or polyester, which is obtained by the polycondensation of dicarboxylic acid and glycol components, said oligoester or polyester comprising I) one or more aromatic dicarboxylic acids, their esters or anhydrides, II) C2-C8 alkenediols, III) poly (C1-C4-alkene)glycols and/or methylpoly(C2-C4 alkene)glycols, IV) optional water-soluble addition products of alkene oxide on C1-C24 alcohols, C6-C18 alkylphenols or on C8-C24 alkylamines and V) one or more optional polyols; (C) optional additional dispersants and surfactants that are conventionally used to produce aqueous pigment dispersions; (D) optional additional additives that are conventionally used to produce aqueous pigment dispersions; and (E) water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to effect pigments based on thin glass flakes and to a method for the production of such pigments. The resulting pigment can be used in any application for which pearlescent pigments have been heretofore used such as, for example, in plastics, paints, inks, cosmetic formulations, coatings including solvent or waterborne automotive paint systems, powder coatings, inks and agriculture foils.

Abstract: Corrosion-inhibiting pigments based on manganese are described that contain a trivalent or tetravalent manganese/valence stabilizer complex. An inorganic or organic material is used to stabilize the trivalent or tetravalent manganese ion to form a compound that is sparingly soluble, exhibits low solubility, or is insoluble in water, depending upon the intended usage. Specific stabilizers are chosen to control the release rate of trivalent or tetravalent manganese during exposure to water and to tailor the compatibility of the powder when used as a pigment in a chosen binder system. Stabilizers may also modify the processing and handling characteristics of the formed powders. Manganese/valence stabilizer combinations are chosen based on the well-founded principles of manganese coordination chemistry. Many manganese-valence stabilizer combinations are presented that can equal the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium or tetravalent lead systems.

Abstract: There are disclosed insulated ultrafine powder comprising electroconductive ultrafine powder which is in the form of sphere, spheroid or acicular each having a minor axis in the range of 1 to 100 nm and an insulating film applied thereto; a process for producing the same which is capable of covering the surfaces of the insulated ultrafine powder with the insulating film having a thickness in the range of 0.3 to 100 nm without causing any clearance or vacancy; and a resin composite material which uses the same. A high dielectric constant of the material is assured by adding a small amount of insulated ultrafine powder wherein an insulating film is applied to the electroconductive ultrafine powder, while maintaining the processability and moldability that are the characteristics inherent in a resin material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pigments, the particles of which generally have a length of from 2 ?m to 5 mm, a width of from 2 ?m to 2 mm, and a thickness of from 20 nm to 2 ?m, and a ratio of length to thickness of at least 2:1, wherein the particles contain a core of SiO2 or a silicon/silicon oxide obtained by heating SiOy flakes with 1.1?y?1.8 in an oxygen-free atmosphere at a temperature of at least 400° C., which core has a narrow distribution of particle sizes and two substantially parallel faces, the distance between which is the shortest axis of the core, and a material layer having a high index of refraction a metal oxide; a process for their production and their use in paints, ink-jet printing, for dyeing textiles, for pigmenting coatings (paints), printing inks, plastics, cosmetics, glazes for ceramics and glass.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a highly concentrated pigment comprising from 75 to 95% by weight, preferably from 78 to 95% by weight, most preferred from 80 to 95% by weight, based on the weight of the composition, of a pigment; from 0 to 20% by weight, preferably from 5 to 18% by weight, based on the weight of the composition, of a resin; the total of pigment and resin being from 85 to 98% by weight of the composition; and from 1 to 15% by weight, preferably from 2 to 15% by weight, most preferably from 5 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the composition, of a C10-C18 alcohol, a liquid hydrocarbon having a boiling point higher than 80° C. at 105 Pa, or both a C10-C18 alcohol and a liquid hydrocarbon having a boiling point higher than 80° C. at 105 Pa. Also claimed are a process for its manufacture, comprising dry-milling, blending and kneading the components, and the use of the pigment concentrates for the preparation of a masterbatch, ink, coating, plastic material, toner or colour filter.

Abstract: A particulate metal oxide having the mean length of the primary particles in the range from 50 to 90 nm, the mean width of the primary particles in the range from 5 to 20 nm, and the median volume particle diameter of the secondary particles is less than 45 nm. The metal oxide can be used in a sunscreen product that exhibits both effective UV protection and improved transparency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to effect pigments comprising transition-metal oxides or transition-metal hydroxyoxides or transition-metal hydroxides based on flake-form substrates which are uncoated or coated with one or more metal oxides, and to the use thereof, inter alia in paints, coatings, printing inks, plastics and in particular in cosmetic formulations.

Abstract: Disclosed are transparent conductive pigments of flake-form substrates coated with a conductive layer, where the number-weighted mean particle area F50 of the transparent conductive pigments is greater than or equal to 150 ?m2, and processes for the production of the pigments, and the use thereof.

Abstract: A corrosion-inhibiting pigment comprising a rare earth element and a valence stabilizer combinded to form a rare earth/valence stabilizer complex. The rare earth element is selected from cerium, terbium, praseodymium, or a combination thereof, and at least one rare earth element is in the tetravalent oxidation state. An inorganic or organic material is used to stabilize the tetravalent rare earth ion to form a compound that is sparingly soluble in water. Specific stabilizers are chosen to control the release rate of tetravalent cerium, terbium, or praseodymium during exposure to water and to tailor the compatibility of the powder when used as a pigment in a chosen binder system. Stabilizers may also modify the processing and handling characteristics of the formed powders. Many rare earth-valence stabilizer combinations are presented that can equal the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium systems.

Abstract: A particulate metal oxide having the mean length of the primary particles in the range from 50 to 90 nm, the mean width of the primary particles in the range from 5 to 20 nm, and the median volume particle diameter of the secondary particles is less than 45 nm. The metal oxide can be used in a sunscreen product that exhibits both effective UV protection and improved transparency.

Abstract: Inorganic pigments, having deposited on the pigment surface at least one alkenyl- or alkyl-substituted succinic anhydride and at least one organic polyol, possess improved processibility and dispersibility in thermoplastic materials, and impart improved properties to thermoplastic compositions containing said surface-treated pigments.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light reflecting polymeric composition that includes at least one halogenated-flame-retardant-additive-free polymer having dispersed therein a pigment package including a combination of Sb2O3 and TiO2. The Sb2O3 and TiO2 preferably have an average particle size within the range of from about 0.05 ?m to about 1.0 ?m, and more preferably about 0.2 ?m. When used in combination, the Sb2O3 and TiO2 pigments synergistically interact together to provide a polymeric composition exhibiting a reflectivity that is substantially higher than can be obtained by the use of either of the pigments alone.

Abstract: Printing inks and pastes are disclosed that comprise of nanofillers with domain size less than 100 nanometers thereby exhibiting quantum confinement effects. The printing formulations comprise of nanowhiskers, nanorods, fibers, plates and powders. These printing formulations are useful for preparing nanoelectronics, electrodes and nanotechnology-enabled devices and products. The nanofillers composition taught include inorganic, metallic, organic, oxides, borides, nitrides, carbides, halides, sulfides, alloys and chalcogenides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pearlescent pigments based on substrates coated with one or more layers of nitrides or oxynitrides to a method for the production of such pigments and their use in plastics, paints, coatings, powder coatings, inks, printing inks, glasses, ceramic products, agriculture foils, for lasermarking of papers and plastics, security applications and in cosmetic formulations.

Abstract: Corrosion-inhibiting pigments based on manganese are described that contain a trivalent or tetravalent manganese/valence stabilizer complex. An inorganic or organic material is used to stabilize the trivalent or tetravalent manganese ion to form a compound that is sparingly soluble, exhibits low solubility, or is insoluble in water, depending upon the intended usage. Specific stabilizers are chosen to control the release rate of trivalent or tetravalent manganese during exposure to water and to tailor the compatibility of the powder when used as a pigment in a chosen binder system. Stabilizers may also modify the processing and handling characteristics of the formed powders. Manganese/valence stabilizer combinations are chosen based on the well-founded principles of manganese coordination chemistry. Many manganese-valence stabilizer combinations are presented that can equal the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium or tetravalent lead systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to additive, pigment or colorant materials which may be used for laser marking. The materials comprise oxides of bismuth and at least one additional metal. Preferred laser-markable bismuth-containing oxide compounds are of the formula BixMyOz, where M is at least one metal selected from Zn, Ti, Fe, Cu, Al, Zr, P, Sn, Sr, Si, Y, Nb, La, Ta, Pr, Ca, Mg, Mo, W, Sb, Cr, Ba and Ce, x is from about 0.3 to about 70, y is from about 0.05 to about 8, and z is from about 1 to about 100. The bismuth-containing material may be dispersed in a substrate which is subsequently irradiated by a laser to provide a contrasting mark in the irradiated region.

Abstract: Corrosion-inhibiting pigments based on manganese are described that contain a heptavalent (permanganate), hexavalent (manganate), or pentavalent (manganate) compound. An inorganic or organic material is used with the heptavalent, hexavalent, or pentavalent manganese ion to form a compound that is sparingly soluble in water. Specific solubility control cations are chosen to control the release rate of heptavalent, hexavalent, or pentavalent manganese during exposure to water and to tailor the compatibility of the powder when used as a pigment in a chosen binder system. Solubility control agents may also modify the processing and handling characteristics of the formed powders. Many permanganate or manganate compounds are presented that can equal the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium systems. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure.

Abstract: A particulate metal oxide having a mean length of the primary particles in the range from 50 to 90 nm, the mean width of the primary particles in the range from 5 to 20 nm, and the median volume particle diameter of the secondary particles is less than 45 nm. The metal oxide can be used in a sunscreen product that exhibits both effective UV protection and improved transparency.

Abstract: By incorporating and dispersing infrared ray shielding ultrafine particles having an average particle size of from 10 to 60 nm and a volume ratio of ultrafine particles having particle sizes of at least 60 nm being at most 15% of all particles, in a plasticizer, it is possible to obtain an ultrafine particle dispersion composition having the ultrafine particles uniformly dispersed. By using this composition, it is possible to obtain a laminated glass or an interlayer of a laminated glass, which has a small haze value and which is excellent in the infrared ray shielding performance.

Abstract: A two-layer coating for the outer surface of the display screen of a color cathode ray tube (CRT) includes an inner carbon black-based layer and an outer silica-based layer. The inner layer is antistatic, while the outer layer is antireflective. To compensate for the increased absorption of blue light by the carbon black particles, which results in a color video image having a yellowish tint, a blue additive, such as a pigment or dye, is added to the coating to adjust its light absorbance characteristics and provide uniform light absorbance over the entire visible spectrum of 400-700 nm for improved color video image presentation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transparent medium comprising pearl lustre pigments having angle-selective reflection and/or transmission properties and to the use thereof, especially in transparent thermal insulation systems (TIMs).

Abstract: The invention provides a flame retardant/heat resistant agent and adhesive, which includes one or more oxides of phosphorus, antimony, silicon and melamine cyanurate as the flame retardant agents and which can increase both the flame retardant/heat resistance of the cloth material and the binding strength of the cloth to a variety of thermoplastic polymers. The invention can be used in strengthening applications such as thermoplastic automobile accessories such as airbag deployment doors where a flame retardance/heat resistance is also required.

Abstract: Pigment flakes having cores preferably composed of resins, polymers, thermoplastics, and/or thermosets with colorant (pigment and/or dyes) deposited thereon, coating applications thereof, and a method for making pigment flakes which includes providing a core material, compounding the core material, processing the core material into uniform forms such as films, wires, thread with rectangular cross sections and bead strings, providing colorant material, vaporizing the colorant material, exposing a surface of core material to the vaporized colorant material to form a layer of colorant on thereon, and fracturing the resultant colorant layered core material into flakes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to additive, pigment or colorant materials which may be used for laser marking. The materials comprise oxides of bismuth and at least one additional metal. Preferred laser-markable bismuth-containing oxide compounds are of the formula BixMyOz, where M is at least one metal selected from Zn, Ti, Fe, Cu, Al, Zr, P, Sn, Sr, Si, Y, Nb, La, Ta, Pr, Ca, Mg, Mo, W, Sb, Cr, Ba and Ce, x is from about 0.3 to about 70, y is from about 0.05 to about 8, and z is from about 1 to about 100. The bismuth-containing material may be dispersed in a substrate which is subsequently irradiated by a laser to provide a contrasting mark in the irradiated region.

Abstract: Colorized fire retardants, and methods of making and using the same, are provided that include an uncolored or minimally colored fire retardant composition and a colorant. The colorant is an aqueous dispersion, slurry, or suspension that includes an insoluble, non-fugitive pigment, e.g., red iron oxide or titanium dioxide. The aqueous dispersion pigment is added to the uncolored or minimally colored fire retardant composition at a time proximate to discharging the retardant onto the fuel. Accordingly, a user has control over the type and amount of colorant added to the fire retardant composition.

Abstract: Colored pigments having one or more desired parameters and/or properties are described. These parameters and/or properties include: a) a particles size of from about 10 nm to about 300 nm; b) an accusizer number of less than 1010 particles/ml of dispersion at 15% solids which are greater than 0.5 micron; c) a filterability such that when in a liquid medium, 100 ml having 10% solids of the colored pigment filters through a 3 micron nylon absolute filter; d) a colored pigment purity of greater than about 80%, based on extractable material; and/or e) a stability such that the above-described properties do not change by more than 50% at 25 degrees C. for at least one week. Colored pigments having at least one organic group and having one or more of the above-described characteristics is also described as well as a process for preparing surface-modified colored pigments.

Abstract: Surface-modified conductive pigment obtainable by partial coating of a conductive pigment with an organic modifying agent. The modifying agent is an organometallic compound of the elements silicon, tin, titanium, zirconium or aluminum. The pigment is prepared by dispersing a conductive pigment, subsequently adding the modifying agent, if appropriate as a mixture with a solvent, to the pigment dispersion, and in particular in an amount such that the powder electrical conductance of the partly coated conductive pigment is in the range between 80% of the starting value and 10−7 S, removing the solvent present, if appropriate, with further agitation and heating of the pigment to 100° C. and finally drying the partly coated pigment.

Abstract: A flake-based pigment is provided having improved specular reflectance characteristics in the visible wavelength range. The flake-based pigment has a plurality of core flake sections each formed of a central reflector layer and dielectric support layers on opposing sides of the reflector layer. The resulting core flake section is a very thin three-layered structure that exhibits a uniaxial compressive strength much greater than a corresponding uniaxial tensile strength. This structure provides the benefits of rigidity and brittle fracture during manufacturing and application processes, which ultimately provides favorable planar and specular reflectance characteristics for the pigment in the visible wavelength range. A variety of outer coating layers can be formed around the core flake sections, such as various dielectric and absorber layers having thicknesses dependent upon the desired optical characteristics of the pigment.

Abstract: A flake-based pigment is provided having improved specular reflectance characteristics in the visible wavelength range. The flake-based pigment has a plurality of core flake sections each formed of a central reflector layer and dielectric support layers on opposing sides of the reflector layer. The resulting core flake section is a very thin three-layered structure that exhibits a uniaxial compressive strength much greater than a corresponding uniaxial tensile strength. This structure provides the benefits of rigidity and brittle fracture during manufacturing and application processes, which ultimately provides favorable planar and specular reflectance characteristics for the pigment in the visible wavelength range. A variety of outer coating layers can be formed around the core flake sections, such as various dielectric and absorber layers having thicknesses dependent upon the desired optical characteristics of the pigment.

Abstract: Nitride or oxidenitride based red to yellow pigments, such as tantalum(V) nitride and oxidenitrides containing tantalum may be produced by passing ammonia over nitridable metal compounds, in particular oxide compounds, at 700 to 1250° C. According to the invention, nitriding proceeds in a rotary tube or fluidised bed reactor in the presence of an oxide from the series SiO2, ZrO2, GeO2, SnO2, TiO2 and HfO2 under conditions under which this oxide is substantially not nitrided.

Abstract: A film for cutting off heat rays having a high transmittance and a low reflectivity of visible light, a low transmittance and a high reflectivity of near infrared radiation and a surface resistivity of at least about 106 ohms/square is formed from a coating liquid is a dispersion containing fine particles of borides having an average diameter not exceeding 100 nm. The liquid disperison is coated on a surface and heated. The dispersion may further contain fine particles of at least one ruthenium or iridium oxide having an average diameter not exceeding 100 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to laser-markable plastics, in particular thermoplastic polyurethanes, which are distinguished by the fact that they contain pigments having a coating of doped tin dioxide.

Abstract: Modified pearl luster pigments for waterborn coating systems, based on a platelet-form substrate coated with metal oxides and, located on the topmost metal oxide layer, a top layer consisting of at least two oxides and/or mixed oxides from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, cerium oxide, titanium oxide and zirconium oxide, and on a water-based oligomeric silane system. The oligomeric silane system can be described, for example, by the following approximate structure: [HO[Si(A)(OH)z(CH3)1−zO]a[Si(B)(OH)y(CH3)1−yO]b[Si(E)(OH)w(CH3)1−wO]c[Si(D)(OH)v(CH3)1−vO]dH].

Abstract: A description is given of coated inorganic pigments comprising an organic pigment which has a coating, prepared by the sol-gel process from glass-forming components and densified to form a xerogel or glass, having a layer thickness of at least 0.8 .mu.m. These pigments are prepared by spray drying a sol-pigment dispersion, followed if desired by thermal densification of the xerogel layer to form a glass layer. The coated pigments are suitable for producing enamels and moldings.

Abstract: A modified particle is disclosed wherein a particle has an attached group having the formula: ##STR1## wherein Ar represents an aromatic group; R.sup.1 represents a bond, an arylene group, an alkylene ##STR2## wherein R.sup.4 is an alkyl or alkylene group or an aryl or arylene group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR.sup.5, --NHR.sup.5, --NR.sup.5 R.sup.5, or --SR.sup.5, wherein R.sup.5, which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; and SFR represents a stable free radical. Also disclosed is a modified particle or aggregate having attached a group having the formula: ##STR3## wherein CoupA represents a Si-containing group, a Ti-containing group, or a Zr-containing group; R.sup.8 and R.sup.9, which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR.sup.10, --NHR.sup.10, --NR.sup.10 R.sup.10, or --SR.sup.10, wherein R.sup.

Abstract: A stir-in pigment composition for coloring high-molecular-weight material, particularly coatings and ink systems, comprises 85 to 99.5 parts by weight of a pigment and 0.5 to 15 parts by weight of an additive comprising a vinylpyrrolidone polymer or copolymer. The stir-in pigment composition is in the form of microgranules and is obtainable by spray drying a high solids content aqueous pigment dispersion containing the pigment and the additive. The new pigment composition powders are easily handled, easily wetted and disperse rapidly to form homogeneous aqueous pigment dispersions which are practically free of larger pigment aggregates and can readily be incorporated into aqueous ink and paint systems as stir-in pigments without a dispersion step in a bead mill.

Abstract: A pigment of the present invention comprises:pigment particle as core particle;a lower coat formed on at least a part of surface of the pigment particle, comprising squaric acid, polyol having an anthraquinone skeleton represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein m is an integer of 0 to 4, n is an integer of 0 to 4 and m+n is an integer of 2 to 4,or a mixture of the squaric acid and the polyol having an anthraquinone skeleton represented by the general formula (I); andan upper coat formed on at least a part of surface of the obtained particle, comprising at least one alkylene glycol represented by the general formula (II):C.sub.q H.sub.2q (OH).sub.2 (II)wherein q is an integer of 2 to 10.Such pigment has excellent dispersion facility, dispersion homogeneity and dispersion stability, and is suitably used for not only organic solvent-type paints but also water-based paints.

Abstract: The disclosure describes pigment compositions containing a small particle size porous filler and a pigment, and their use for preparing effect coating compositions which produce thin film finishes exhibiting strong lightness and color flop with a pronounced three dimensional effect. The thin film finishes are particularly interesting as automotive finishes.

Abstract: An ultrafine titanium dioxide powder is disclosed that can be produced by hydrothermal treating an amino titanium oxalate composition. Ultrafine titanium dioxide powders are useful in cosmetic and other applications for controlling exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light.

Abstract: Composite conductive powder comprises a calcined mixture of conductive powder mainly comprising indium oxide which contains at least one member selected from the group consisting of tin oxide, titanium oxide and zirconium oxide as a dopant and conductive powder mainly comprising tin oxide which contains at least one member selected from the group consisting of antimony oxide, tantalum oxide and niobium oxide as a dopant, and a conductive film is formed from the composite, conductive powder. The composite, conductive powder and the conductive film produced from the powder permit the reduction in the amounts of materials for the ITO film, in particular, indium which is an expensive material and the composite, conductive powder can simultaneously satisfy both requirements for high transparency and high conductivity even if it is used for the formation of films through the coating technique.