Abstract: Non-ASTM low hysteresis carbon blacks chemically treated, and surface coated with a compound comprising at least one amine group and at least one thiol group, and/or di- and/or polysulfidic linkage. When compared with a standard ASTM grade compound, the disclosed surface modified low hysteresis carbon black compound shows improved rolling resistance, wet traction, and DIN abrasion, comparable to silica compounds.

Abstract: A process for treating carbon black with a sulfur-containing compound to obtain a surface modified carbon black that can decrease the hysteresis of a polymer composition by at least 1%.

Abstract: A method for preparing a pigment dispersion includes a) adding a pigment, a surfactant, and a solvent into a vessel, b) adding magnetic particles into the vessel; and c) applying a varying magnetic field to move the magnetic particles to mill down pigment particle size. A system for preparing a pigment dispersion includes a) a vessel for holding a solution comprising pigment particles, a surfactant and a solvent, b) magnetic particles added to the solution, c) a source for applying a varying magnetic field to move the magnetic particles to mill down pigment particle size, and d) a collector for collecting the magnetic particles for re-using at a later time.

Abstract: A process for producing surface modified carbon black is disclosed. The process comprises the step of treating carbon black with a sulfur compound in an amount in the range of 0.005%-1% of the carbon black to effect in situ formation of surface groups to produce the surface modified carbon black which when combined with a polymer composition alters the carbon black-polymer interaction to decrease the hysteresis of the polymer composition. The curing time required for polymer composition comprising the surface modified carbon black is also decreased. The preferred sulfur compounds are sulfite or sulfate salts.

Abstract: Modified carbon blacks, such as rubber blacks, having a low PAH concentration are described. Furthermore, elastomeric or rubber compositions containing the modified carbon black of the present invention are further described, as well as methods of making modified carbon black having a low PAH concentration.

Abstract: A resist composition for a black matrix, the resist composition including carbon nanotubes, a halosulfonic acid, an alcohol, an ammonium hydroxide compound, and a fluorosilane.

Abstract: A method of modifying a pigment that includes reacting a reactive compound having an X—[Y]n reactive group with a secondary compound N—S—ZM to form a substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a—X—(N—S—ZM)b. A pigment is reacted with the substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a—X—(N—S—ZM)b to attach the substituted reactive intermediate to the surface of the pigment to form a surface modified pigment. X may be a sulfonyl, phosphoryl, or 1,3,5-triazinyl group, Y may be a halogen leaving group, N may be a basic nucleophilic group, S may be an organic group, and ZM may be an ionizable end group. Also, n is an integer between 1 and 3, b is an integer between 1 and 3, and a=n?b. When n is equal to or greater than b, and if b is 2 or 3, each N—S—ZM can be the same or different.

Abstract: The present invention relates to surface modified organic black pigments, surface modified carbon blacks, pigment mixtures and dispersions formed with these pigments, curable compositions, black matrices, and products incorporating them. The surface modified organic black pigment can have attached at least one organic group having the formula —X—Z, wherein X, which is directly attached to the pigment, represents an arylene group, a heteroarylene group, an alkylene group, an aralkylene group, or an alkarylene group, and Z represents at least one ionic group, at least one ionizable group, at least one nonionic group, at least one polymeric group, or any combinations thereof. Also disclosed are carbon black pigment combinations with the surface modified organic black pigments, low dielectric black dispersions, films, and black matrices containing them. Methods of preparing and making these various materials also are provided.

Abstract: A method of producing a modified pigment by sulfonating a pigment and subsequently oxidizing the pigment. The modified pigment may have sulfonic acid and carboxyl surface modifying groups attached to the surface of the pigment. Charge balancing counterions such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and NR1R2R3H+, where R1, R2 and R3 are independently H or C1-C5 alkyl groups, may be associated with the surface modifying groups. The modified pigment is combined with water to produce a dispersion that can be used in such applications as coatings, paints, papers, adhesives, latexes, toners, textiles, fibers, plastics and inks.

Abstract: A hybrid pigment composition is provided including a pigment or a dye and a fibrous clay. The pigment composition has higher reflectance in a near infrared region than a visible light region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The fibrous clay can be selected from palygorskite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof. The hybrid pigment composition is tunable to provide high reflectance at a desired wavelength in the near infrared region.

Abstract: A method of modifying a pigment that includes reacting a reactive compound having an X—[Y]n reactive group with a secondary compound N—S—ZM to form a substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a—X—(N—S—ZM)b. A pigment is reacted with the substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a—X—(N—S—ZM)b to attach the substituted reactive intermediate to the surface of the pigment to form a surface modified pigment. X may be a sulfonyl, phosphoryl, or 1,3,5-triazinyl group, Y may be a halogen leaving group, N may be a basic nucleophilic group, S may be an organic group, and ZM may be an ionizable end group. Also, n is an integer between 1 and 3, b is an integer between 1 and 3, and a=n?b. When n is equal to or greater than b, and if b is 2 or 3, each. N—S—ZM can be the same or different.

Abstract: A method for reducing cure shrinkage of a thermoset resin includes forming a plurality of surface modified nanofibers. The surface modified nanofibers are formed by soaking nanofibers in an oxidizing acidic solvent. An oxidizing agent is added to the soaking nanofibers, thereby generating heat sufficient for at least one of in-situ oxidation and in-situ exfoliation of a subsurface of each of the nanofibers. Excess oxidizing agent and acidic solvent are removed from the nanofibers, which are then dried. The dried nanofibers have reduced surface hydrophobicity. The surface modified nanofibers are substantially uniformly dispersed into the thermoset resin. The surface modified nanofibers are adapted to reduce cure shrinkage of the thermoset resin during subsequent curing processes.

Abstract: A method of producing a modified pigment by sulfonating a pigment and subsequently oxidizing the pigment. The modified pigment may have sulfonic acid and carboxyl surface modifying groups attached to the surface of the pigment. Charge balancing counterions such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and NR1R2R3H+, where R1, R2 and R3 are independently H or C1-C5 alkyl groups, may be associated with the surface modifying groups. The modified pigment is combined with water to produce a dispersion that can be used in such applications as coatings, paints, papers, adhesives, latexes, toners, textiles, fibers, plastics and inks.

Abstract: Briefly described, embodiments of this disclosure include ink formulation and modified pigments. One exemplary modified pigment, among others, includes a pigment A represented by the formula in FIG. 3.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are carbon black surface-modified with benzene compound of Formula 1 described in the specification and a carbon black dispersion composition for a black matrix using the carbon black. The carbon black dispersion composition uses carbon black surface-modified with the benzene compound of Formula 1, or about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of a cardo compound selected from cardo monomers, oligomers, polymers and mixtures thereof. The carbon black dispersion composition can provide improved adhesive properties, uniformity and resolution of black matrix patterns, and no undercut is formed on the black matrix patterns.

Abstract: Briefly described, embodiments of this disclosure include ink formulation and modified pigments. One exemplary modified pigment, among others, includes a pigment A represented by the formula in FIG. 3.

Abstract: A method of modifying a pigment that includes reacting a reactive compound having an X-[Y]n reactive group with a secondary compound N-S-ZM to form a substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a-X-(N-S-ZM)b. A pigment is reacted with the substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a-X-(N-S-ZM)b to attach the substituted reactive intermediate to the surface of the pigment to form a surface modified pigment. X may be a sulfonyl, phosphoryl, or 1,3,5-triazinyl group, Y may be a halogen leaving group, N may be a basic nucleophilic group, S may be an organic group, and ZM may be an ionizable end group. Also, n is an integer between 1 and 3, b is an integer between 1 and 3, and a=n?b. When n is equal to or greater than b, and if b is 2 or 3, each N-S-ZM can be the same or different.

Abstract: A method of producing a modified pigment by sulfonating a pigment and subsequently oxidizing the pigment. The modified pigment may have sulfonic acid and carboxyl surface modifying groups attached to the surface of the pigment. Charge balancing counterions such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and NR1R2R3H+, where R1, R2 and R3 are independently H or C1-C5 alkyl groups, may be associated with the surface modifying groups. The modified pigment is combined with water to produce a dispersion that can be used in such applications as coatings, paints, papers, adhesives, latexes, toners, textiles, fibers, plastics and inks.

Abstract: Processes for preparing a carbon black product having an organic group attached to the carbon black. In one process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in the absence of an externally applied electric current sufficient to reduce the diazonium salt. In another process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in a protic reaction medium. Carbon black products which may be prepared according to process of the invention are described as well as uses of such carbon black products in plastic compositions, rubber compositions, paper compositions, and textile compositions.

Abstract: Process of producing unvulcanized rubber useful for producing vulcanized rubber with improved hysteresis, which comprises mixing a composition comprising unvulcanized rubber, carbon black and xanthogen polysulfide at an elevated temperature in a non-productive stage and composition suitable for producing unvulcanized rubber useful for producing vulcanized rubber with improved hysteresis, which comprises unvulcanized rubber, a filler comprising carbon black and xanthogen polysulfide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to black pigment compositions comprising (a) carbon black, and (b) a compound of the formula (MO3S)m-Q(CH2)k—X]n,??(I) wherein Q is a pigment or pigment intermediate radical selected from the group of anthraquinone, perinone, perylene, diketopyrrolopyrrole, thioindigo, iminoisoindoline, iminoisoindolinone, quinacridone, 6,13-dihydroquinacridone, flavanthrone, dioxazine, indanthrone, anthrapyrimidine and quinophthalone, X is a cyclo hetero aliphatic group with at least one 5 or 6 atom ring or a hetero aromatic group with at least one 6 atom ring, M is hydrogen, a metal cation or nitrogen cation, k is 0 or 1, and m and n are each independently of the other from 0 to 4, wherein 0 and 4 are not simultaneously 0. Compositions are useful for coloring high molecular weight material, like inks, plastics and in particular automotive coatings.

Abstract: A method for forming an aqueous carbon black dispersion including providing a reaction mixture including carbon black having a DBP uptake of greater than 90 cc/100 g of the carbon black, a monovalent ion persulfate, an aqueous medium, and, in some embodiments, a strong acid; subjecting the reaction mixture to a first temperature of from 40° C. to 90° C. for from 2 hours to 24 hours; neutralizing the reaction mixture to a pH greater than 7.0, and, in certain embodiments, subjecting the neutralized reaction mixture to a second temperature of from 20° C. to 40° C. higher than the first temperature for from 2 hours to 12 hours is provided. In an alternative aspect carbon black having a particle diameter less than 18 nanometers in diameter and a DBP uptake of less than 70 cc/100 g carbon black is provided. The aqueous carbon black dispersion so formed and an aqueous inkjet ink containing the aqueous carbon black dispersion are also provided.

Abstract: A carbonaceous material with organic groups obtainable by reacting carbonaceous material with organic compounds of the general formula I R1—N?N—R2??(I). The carbonaceous material with organic groups is produced by reacting the carbonaceous material with an organic compound of the general formula I. The material may be used as a filler, reinforcing filler, UV stabilizer, conductive carbon black or pigment.

Abstract: Processes for preparing modified pigments are described. In one embodiment, the process comprises the step of combining, in any order, a pigment having attached an electrophilic group and a thiol reagent comprising at least one —SH group and at least two ionic or ionizable groups. In a second embodiment, the process comprises the step of combining, in any order, a pigment having attached an electrophilic group and a thiopolymer comprising at least one —H group. Modified pigments are also described.

Abstract: A method of attaching one or more organic groups onto a particle is described which involves reacting at least one radical with at least one particle wherein the radical is generated from the interaction of at least one transition metal compound with at least one organo-halide compound in the presence of one or more particles capable of radical capture. Variations of this method are also described.

Abstract: Processes for preparing modified pigments are described. In one embodiment, the process comprises the step of combining, in any order, a pigment having attached an electrophilic group and a thiol reagent comprising at least one —SH group and at least two ionic or ionizable groups. In a second embodiment, the process comprises the step of combining, in any order, a pigment having attached an electrophilic group and a thiopolymer comprising at least one —SH group. Modified pigments are also described.

Abstract: A process produces a sulfonated solid particle by burning sulfur to yield gaseous sulfur dioxide, subjecting the gaseous sulfur dioxide to catalytic oxidation to yield gaseous sulfur trioxide, and sulfonating a dry powdery or granular solid particle with the gaseous sulfur trioxide in a gas phase-solid phase reaction.

Abstract: A carbonaceous material with organic groups obtainable by reacting carbonaceous material with organic compounds of the general formula I

Abstract: A method for forming an aqueous carbon black dispersion including providing a reaction mixture including carbon black having a DBP uptake of greater than 90 cc/100 g of the carbon black, a monovalent ion persulfate, an aqueous medium, and, in some embodiments, a strong acid; subjecting the reaction mixture to a first temperature of from 40° C. to 90° C. for from 2 hours to 24 hours; neutralizing the reaction mixture to a pH greater than 7.0, and, in certain embodiments, subjecting the neutralized reaction mixture to a second temperature of from 20° C. to 40° C. higher than the first temperature for from 2 hours to 12 hours is provided. In an alternative aspect carbon black having a particle diameter less than 18 nanometers in diameter and a DBP uptake of less than 70 cc/100 g carbon black is provided. The aqueous carbon black dispersion so formed and an aqueous inkjet ink containing the aqueous carbon black dispersion are also provided.

Abstract: Processes for preparing a carbon black product having an organic group attached to the carbon black. In one process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in the absence of an externally applied electric current sufficient to reduce the diazonium salt. In another process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in a protic reaction medium. Carbon black products which may be prepared according to process of the invention are described as well as uses of such carbon black products in plastic compositions, rubber compositions, paper compositions, and textile compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides sulfated and carboxymethylated surfactants and dispersants produced by reacting a styrenated phenol alkoxylate with sulfamic acid and then neutralizing with a base such as ammonium hydroxide. The instant invention also provides pigment dispersion comprising: (a) a pigment; and (b) a dispersant based on sulfated and carboxymethylated styrenated phenol alkoxylates. Carbon black dispersions are also provided containing carbon black and the dispersants of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to carbon blacks having organic groups. The organic groups are connected by one or two carbon atoms of a C—C single bond or double bond that are not a component of an aromatic system, contain at least one activating substituent on at least one carbon atom of the C—C single bond or double bond and contain no cyclic C3 structure or 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene. The invention includes methods of producing these carbon blacks in which black is reacted with organic compounds containing a C—C double bond or triple bond activated by at least one substituent. The carbon blacks can be used as fillers, reinforcing fillers, UV stabilizers, conductance blacks or pigments.

Abstract: Processes for preparing modified pigments are described. In one embodiment, the process comprises the step of combining, in any order, a pigment having attached an electrophilic group and a thiol reagent comprising at least one —SH group and at least two ionic or ionizable groups. In a second embodiment, the process comprises the step of combining, in any order, a pigment having attached an electrophilic group and a thiopolymer comprising at least one —SH group. Modified pigments are also described.

Abstract: The present invention discloses coating compositions comprising a liquid vehicle and a carbon product having a t-area greater than or equal to 400 m2/g. In addition, the present invention discloses coating compositions comprising a liquid vehicle and a modified carbon product having a t-area greater than or equal to 350 m2/g, wherein the modified carbon product comprises a carbon product having attached at least one organic group.

Abstract: An ink composition containing a surface-modified pigment is provided which can realize anti-clogging properties and images having high print density. The ink composition comprises at least a colorant, glycerin, a glycol compound, and water, the colorant being a surface-modified pigment dispersible and/or dissolvable in water without any dispersant, the glycerin being contained in an amount of 3 to 30% by weight based on the ink composition, the glycol compound being contained in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight based on the ink composition and having a molecular weight of 130 to 3,000.

Abstract: A modified particle is disclosed wherein a particle has an attached group having the formula: wherein Ar represents an aromatic group; R1 represents a bond, an arylene group, an alkylene group, wherein R4 is an alkyl or alkylene group or an aryl or arylene group; R2 and R3, which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, —OR5, —NHR5, —NR5R5, or —SR5, wherein R5, which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; and SFR represents a stable free radical.

Abstract: Sulfur, useable in as an additive to asphalt in the preparation of asphalt binders can be plasticized by addition of carbon and further treated with amyl acetate. This plasticized sulfur can be formed into solid particles and then added to asphalt as either a minority or majority component to create desired paving binder compositions. The solid plasticized sulfur has non-sick non-flow properties within a wide range of ambient temperatures, and it can be stored solid for subsequent use in paving applications.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pigment dispersion that can be used for an ink jet printing-use pigment ink that affords stable printing characteristics and has excellent storage stability in an ink jet printer having a head driven at a high frequency and having finer nozzles in order to enhance image quality and raise the speed. Disclosed is also a method for manufacturing this pigment dispersion. This manufacturing method includes a step of surface-treating a self-dispersing type of pigment, in which at least hydrophilic, dispersibility-imparting group is introduced to the pigment surface directly and/or via a polyvalent group, and a step of dispersing the self-dispersing pigment obtained in said surface-treating step in an aqueous medium, wherein the dispersion step is a step in which at least the self-dispersing pigment, a wetting agent, and water are dispersed in the form of a liquid mixture.

Abstract: Processes for preparing a carbon black product having an organic group attached to the carbon black. In one process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in the absence of an externally applied electric current sufficient to reduce the diazonium salt. In another process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in a protic reaction medium. Carbon black products which may be prepared according to process of the invention are described as well as uses of such carbon black products in plastic compositions, rubber compositions, paper compositions, and textile compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing briquetted and pressed granular material and the use thereof for coloring building materials, such as concrete and asphalt, and organic media, such as paint systems, plastics and colored pastes.

Abstract: The invention provides a surface modified carbon black and method for production. The surface modified carbon black is produced by reacting self-dispersing or oxidized carbon with a steric inducing compound via an organic acid halide intermediary. The steric inducing compounds are substantially soluble in the organic components of an ink composition and are reactive with an organic acid halide. Electrostatic and steric stability are provided by the surface modified carbon black. The surface modified carbon black exhibits solubility in aqueous and organic media and exhibits excellent resistance to coagulation within an ink jet printhead.

Abstract: A modified particle or aggregate is disclosed wherein a particle has an attached group having the formula: wherein the substituents are defined in the disclosure. Modified particles with attached polymers are also disclosed as well as methods of making the modified products.

Abstract: Carbon blacks doped with elements that are not carbon, wherein pairs of carbon atoms have been replaced by iso-electronic pairs of elements or combinations of elements. They can be used as a pigment or filler in rubber, plastics, paints, inks or the like.

Abstract: The ink of the invention comprises a vehicle and a colorant. The colorant is a water-insoluble pigment that has been chemically modified to be water dispersable by addition of functional groups to the surface of the pigment resulting in water soluble colorant particles. The performance of these pigments is improved by the addition of specific functional groups which provide improved black to color bleed control and high waterfastness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cationic pigments having an organic group which comprises: a) at least one aromatic group, at least one C1-20 alkyl group, or both; and b) at least one cationically charged ionic group, at least one cationically chargeable ionizable group or both, and a corresponding counter-anion. The cationic pigments of the present invention have been found useful in aqueous or solvent based compositions and particularly in ink compositions, especially ink jet ink compositions. A method for preparing the cationic pigments is also disclosed.

Abstract: The ink of the invention comprises a vehicle and a macromolecular chromophore colorant. The colorant is a water-insoluble pigment that has been chemically modified to be water dispersible by addition of functional groups to the surface of the pigment resulting in water dispersible colorant particles. The performance of these pigments is improved by the addition of specific functional groups which provide improved black to color bleed control and high waterfastness.

Abstract: A gel-like emulsion containing natural rubber and crumb rubber from used vehicle tires which may be added to an asphalt paving emulsion at ambient temperature for chip coating, slurry sealing, microsurfacing, soil stabilization or pavement recycling.

Abstract: A modified particle is disclosed wherein a particle has an attached group having the formula: ##STR1## wherein Ar represents an aromatic group; R.sup.1 represents a bond, an arylene group, an alkylene group ##STR2## wherein R.sup.4 is an alkyl or alkylene group or an aryl or arylene group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR.sup.5, --NHR.sup.5, --NR.sup.5 R.sup.5, or --SR.sup.5, wherein R.sup.5, which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; and Q represents a labile halide containing species. Also disclosed is a modified particle or aggregate having attached a group having the formula: ##STR3## wherein CoupA represents a Si-containing group, a Ti-containing group, or a Zr-containing group; R.sup.8 and R.sup.9, which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR.sup.10, --NHR.sup.10, --NR.sup.10 R.sup.10, or --SR.sup.10, wherein R.sup.

Abstract: A modified particle is disclosed wherein a particle has an attached group having the formula: ##STR1## wherein Ar represents an aromatic group; R.sup.1 represents a bond, an arylene group, an alkylene ##STR2## wherein R.sup.4 is an alkyl or alkylene group or an aryl or arylene group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR.sup.5, --NHR.sup.5, --NR.sup.5 R.sup.5, or --SR.sup.5, wherein R.sup.5, which is the same or different, represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; and SFR represents a stable free radical. Also disclosed is a modified particle or aggregate having attached a group having the formula: ##STR3## wherein CoupA represents a Si-containing group, a Ti-containing group, or a Zr-containing group; R.sup.8 and R.sup.9, which can be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, --OR.sup.10, --NHR.sup.10, --NR.sup.10 R.sup.10, or --SR.sup.10, wherein R.sup.

Abstract: Processes for preparing a carbon black product having an organic group attached to the carbon black. In one process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in the absence of an externally applied electric current sufficient to reduce the diazonium salt. In another process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in a protic reaction medium. Carbon black products which may be prepared according to process of the invention are described as well as uses of such carbon black products in plastic compositions, rubber compositions, paper compositions, and textile compositions.