Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing a geopolymer using a coal bottom ash. In the method, an alkali activating agent is used in a relatively smaller amount than in a conventional technology so that the mixture of the coal bottom ash and the alkali activating agent does not become a gel state, and a process for radiating a microwave is further provided after curing of a geopolymer specimen in an oven.

Abstract: A composition comprising: (a) fly ash cementitious binder; and (b) a chemical activator selected from sodium silicate, potassium silicate, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, CaO, Fe2O3, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, fine fraction of concrete waste from construction or demolition, cement kiln dust, or a combination thereof, wherein the fly ash is the only cementitious binder present in the composition and the CaO activator, if present, is present in an amount ?10 weight percent, based on the total dry weight of the composition.

Abstract: A method for precipitating metal waste is characterized in that the waste which contains one or more dissolved metal salts, is mixed with a boron compound, and the pH is adjusted to a value at which precipitation takes place in the presence of precipitation nuclei necessary for the formation of metal borates.

Abstract: A well system can include a well tool with a retarder chemical. The retarder chemical is released from the well tool into an annulus and retards setting of cement therein. A method of retarding setting of cement at a location in an annulus can include releasing a retarder chemical from a well tool connected in a casing string, after the cement is placed in the annulus. A well tool can include a valve that controls fluid communication via a port between an exterior of the tool and a flow passage extending through the tool, an annular recess, and a dispersible annular exterior component received in the recess. Another well tool can include a valve that controls fluid communication between an exterior of the tool and a flow passage extending through the well tool, an internal chamber, and a retarder chemical in the chamber.

Abstract: Cement compositions may comprise an aluminosilicate; a sodium aluminate, a calcium aluminate, a potassium aluminate, or a combination thereof; and water. In some cases, the cement does not include Portland cement. The cement may be used in a subterranean formation having corrosive components therein, wherein the set cement sheath is resistant to degradation from the corrosive components within the subterranean formation.

Abstract: A composition that sets to produce a concrete includes Portland cement; a polymerizable material having bubbles dispersed in the polymerizable material; an aggregate; and water in a sufficient amount such that the composition sets to a concrete. A method for making a concrete article uses a paste that includes Portland cement and a polymerizable material having bubbles dispersed in the polymerizable material. The paste is added to an aggregate to create a settable composition, and the settable composition is allowed to set to a concrete article.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of ternesite clinkers containing 20 to 100% by weight C5S2$ and less than 15% by weight C4A3$, and to the use of ternesite as an additive to Portland cement or Portland composite cement, and to a binder containing 20 to 95% by weight Portland cement (clinker) and 80 to 5% by weight ternesite (clinker).

Abstract: A mortar composition in the form of a dry powder, ready for use, comprising at least one powdery binder and at least one aggregate, as well as possibly at least one standard additive and/or adjuvant, and formed from particles, at least some of which, referred to as fine particles, are liable to produce an emission of dust, characterized in that it also comprises a fluid additive that consists of least one non-polar hydrocarbon organic substance and that has a capacity for agglomeration of the said fine particles, and in that the dry mortar composition comprises agglomerates of fine particles formed by the fluid additive.

Abstract: Dark colored roofing granules include an inert base particle coated with a composition including a metal silicate, a non-clay latent heat reactant, and a dark colored but solar reflective pigment.

Abstract: A cement composition for use in a wellbore comprising a cement blend and at least two polyvinylalcohols wherein the polyvinylalcohols have different degrees of hydrolysis such that the rheology of the cement slurry capable of being formed from the composition is stable during temperatures changes.

Abstract: Hydraulic cements, such as Portland cements and other cements that include substantial quantities of tricalcium silicate (C3S), dicalcium silicate (C2S), tricalcium aluminate (C3A), and/or tetracalcalcium alumino-ferrite (C4AF), are particle size optimized to have increased reactivity compared to cements of similar chemistry and/or decreased water demand compared to cements of similar fineness. Increasing hydraulic cement reactivity increases early strength development and release of reactive calcium hydroxide, both of which enhance SCM replacement and 1-28 day strengths compared to blends of conventional Portland cement and one or more SCMs, such as coal ash, slag or natural pozzolan. Decreasing the water demand can improve strength by decreasing the water-to-cement ratio for a given workability. The narrow PSD cements are well suited for making blended cements, including binary, ternary and quaternary blends.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are materials, and methods for creating materials, that does not require heat to create a functional construction material. One purpose of the materials and methods disclosed herein is, at least, to provide industries, such as the construction industry, with a product that significantly reduces the generation of carbon dioxide during production, unlike Portland Cement and typical geopolymer cements. Further, another advantage of the invention is that it utilizes basic processes and materials that may be incorporated into existing production facilities and methodologies. A further purpose is to increase the quality of the product by reducing damage from, for example, exposures to adverse climatic conditions (such as extreme or variable weather), or damaging chemicals such as chlorides, sulfates, acids, or the like.

Abstract: A polyol emulsion of castor oil and monoepoxides is combined with methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and cement to produce a polymer cement.

Abstract: A cement mixture is disclosed that includes an aqueous mending agent that is disbursed within but isolated from the cement mixture, wherein the aqueous mending agent will form molecular bonds with hardened cement that is formed by the cement mixture when the mending agent is permitted to flow within the hardened cement.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a system and method for managing cement in a subterranean zone. In some implementations, a method of cementing in a subterranean formation includes positioning a cement slurry including a plurality of activation devices in a wellbore. The activation devices configured to release an activator that increases a setting rate of the cement slurry. A signal is transmitted to at least a portion of the cement slurry to activate the activation devices. The activation device releases the activator in response to at least the signal.

Abstract: Compositions containing Montmorillonite and Portland cement for tooth filling are disclosed; such compositions have shown good biocompatibility, excellent marginal adaptation to dentinal walls, short setting time, and improved viscosity.

Abstract: An additive for Portland-cement slurries comprises a liquid silicate absorbed into a solid porous medium. The additive is incorporated in slurries designed for well-cementing applications. The liquid silicate functions as a retarder aid and dispersant when added to slurries for use at temperatures above about 85° C. The resulting solid product allows use of the liquid silicate in well-cementing operations as if it were a dry additive.

Abstract: Flowable materials and methods of manufacture and use are provided. The flowable fill materials include a cement-based fill material with a cement component and an aggregate component that are mixed with a chemical agent and the like in water. This provides the cement-based material in a flowable state that can be controllably set over time.

Abstract: A method of solidifying and detoxifying a soil, incinerated ash and coal ash to yield a solidified substance detoxified to a level complying with the environmental standards and a method of detoxifying polluted water containing dioxins and polluted water containing PCB are provided. First solidifying and detoxifying agent contains light burnt magnesite as component (1) and chrysolite powder as component (2), in which a ratio by weight of the component (1) and the component (2) is 1:5 to 5:1, preferably 1:3 to 3:1, more preferably 1:2 to 2:1 and is the solidifying and detoxifying agent applied to one kind selected from soil, incinerated ash and coal ash as well as polluted water containing dioxins and polluted water containing PCB. Other solidifying and detoxifying agent further contains as an additional component a fused phosphate fertilizer and titanium dioxide powder as well as anhydrous gypsum powder, light burnt dolomite and/or calcined lime powder.

Abstract: A cement admixture and a cement composition having a carbonation suppressing effect and a heat-of-hydration suppressing effect are provided. A cement admixture containing one or more non-hydraulic compounds selected from the group consisting of ?-2CaO.SiO2, ?-CaO.SiO2 and calcium magnesium silicate, a cement composition containing said admixture, and a carbonation suppressing method by use of said cement admixture or cement composition. According to the present invention, a remarkable carbonation suppressing effect can be obtained particularly when used in portland blast-furnace slag cement. This leads to an effective use of steelmaking slag and the like, and the load of clinker can be reduced, so that a cement composition of a low environmental load type can be attained. Further, this is suitable for cements in conformity with the EN standards, which are used in civil engineering and building industries.

Abstract: A composition for producing an item for street furniture comprises: finely subdivided inert materials, an alkali metal polysilicate, a structuring agent, a surface-active agent; a method for producing an item for street furniture comprises: dispersing finely subdivided inert materials in a solution of an alkali metal polysilicate, so as to obtain a mixture; adding a surface-active agent and a structuring agent to said mixture; pouring said mixture into mould means and enabling said mixture to solidify, so as to produce said item.

Abstract: The invention is an improved cementitious mixture used to form structural components that are strong, lightweight, heat and fire resistant, and very economical to produce. The material includes a mixture of cement, water, ribbon-like virgin polyethylene strips and aggregate materials. The aggregate preferably includes recycled industrial waste products. Examples of these industrial wastes include shredded tires, wood by-products, waste coal combustion by-products, recycled waste gypsum products, recycled industrial foundry sand, and waste foam products such a Styrofoam. This new cementitious material is strong and lightweight. It has a lower thermal conductivity than conventional concrete and therefore improved insulative properties. The use of industrial recyclables not only enhances the performance characteristics of the components made from this material but aids in maintaining the environment by providing a practical use for industrial waste.

Abstract: To provide a composite for a building material capable of manufacturing a building material that is harmless to living environment and global environment and can be recycled. The composite for a building material contains diatomaceous earth, waste lumber, and inorganic hardener, or further contains field earth, and, as necessary, contains used paper and/or crushed pieces of used tatami mat and used tile, and crushed earth. The composite for a building material is prepared by homogeneously mixing the components, and then the building material is manufactured by molding and curing the composite. The manufactured building material has a high humidity conditioning property as in the case of the conventional mud wall made of coarse clay, and is easily recycled by being crushed.

Abstract: A settable fluid cementitious composition which is fluid for sufficient time to be suitable for use in a flexible container to provide support in a mine said composition comprises (i) Portland cement in an amount from at least about 8% preferably 10%, (ii) a water soluble silicate in an amount from at least about 2% and (iii) water in an amount to provide a water to solids weight ratio of at lest about 1.2:1 preferably at least abou5 1.5:1 and where the % are by weight based on the combined weights of (i), (ii) and (iii). The viscosity immediately after mixing the components together is sufficiently low that additional water can be incorporated. The composition may include (iv) a pozzolan in an amount from 2 to 35% by weight based on the combined weight of (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).

Abstract: A method and cement composition is provided for sealing a subterranean zone penetrated by a well bore, wherein the cement composition comprises zeolite, cementitious material, and water sufficient to form a slurry.

Abstract: Methods and cement compositions are provided for sealing a subterranean zone penetrated by a wellbore, wherein the cement composition comprises zeolite, cementitious material, and a mixing fluid.

Abstract: An asbestos free, calcium silicate insulating material, suitable for use in applications where a tough, fire resistant, heat insulating, electrical insulating, and corrosion resistant material is desirable. The calcium silicate insulating material is produced by combining Portland cement, blast furnace slag cement, a siliceous component, wollastonite and organic fibrous material in the presence of water to form a slurry. The slurry is then placed under steam pressure, to react the portland cement, blast furnace slag cement, siliceous component and water, dried, and heat treated if necessary.

Abstract: Hydraulic fixing agent that is based on Portland cement, a sulphate and aluminum component that is usual in this system, and optionally other additives. This is characterized in that, according to DIN 18156 (Part 2, Sec. 5.2.2.2, 5.2.2.3a) and 5.2.2.4), the hydraulic fixing agent has (1) an adhesive pull strength of at least approximately 0.15 N/mm2 when acted upon by water for 40 hours and (2) an adhesive pull strength of at most approximately 0.10 N/mmyy2 when acted upon by an aqueous sulphate solution and/or an aqueous solution of an aluminum salt, each of which has a pH value of 12.5, for a period of 40 hours.

Abstract: A settable fluid cementitious composition which is fluid for sufficient time to be suitable for use in a flexible container to provide support in a mine said composition comprises (i) Portland cement in an amount from at least about 8% preferably 10% (ii) a water soluble silicate in an amount from at least about 2% and (iii) water in an amount to provide a water to solids weight ratio of at least about 1.2:1 preferably at least about 1.5:1 and where the % are by weight based on the combined weights of (i), (ii) and (iii). The viscosity immediately after mixing the components together is sufficiently low that additional water can be incorporated. The composition may include (iv) a pozzolan in an amount from 2 to 35% by weight based on the combined weight of (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).

Abstract: A hydraulic binder, includes cement, and a mixture added to the cement and made of moist green vitriol and an inert carrier substance in the form of silica gel or alumina.

Abstract: A cement composition for use in acidic environment containing liquid alkali silicate, vitreous silicate setting agent, lime containing material and inert filler and building materials made therefrom as well as the method of making such building materials. The liquid alkali silicate may include sodium silicate or potassium silicate. The vitreous silicate setting agent may include soda-lime glass powder or coal fly ash. The lime containing material refers to the materials containing more than 20% lime and may include quicklime, hydrated lime, Portland cement, blast furnace slag or steel slag. The inert fillers include ground quartz, ground ceramic, and/or clay.

Abstract: A process for preparing a flowable slurry comprising mixing 25-70 wt. % water; an alkaline material selected from the group consisting of chlorosilicon manufacturing byproducts, direct process residue gels, cement kiln dust, and mixtures thereof; and a process aid selected from the group consisting of sucrose, raffinose, lignin, methylglucopyranoside, lactose, fructose, sodium polyphosphate, trehalose and mixtures thereof to form a flowable slurry. This slurry is especially useful in the manufacture of cement.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composition and method for forming an inexpensive, semi-permanent cured foamed cementitious cover layer over deicing salt which is stored outdoors in large bulk mounds or piles and a salt pile or mound covered with such a layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a binder composition comprising a glass powder with a particle size of at least less than 0.15 mm and an alkali activator containing at least one alkali metal and at least one silicate. Preferably, a sodium silicate with a SiO2:Na2O weight ratio between about 1.6:1 to about 2.0:1. Mixed with water, the binder composition can be cured at ambient temperature, but rapidly yields a very high strength at an elevated temperature between about 40° C. to about 120° C. Preferably, between about 70° C. to about 90° C. The invention further provides a method of making artificial stone using glass as a sole binder and aggregate.

Abstract: Use of water-dispersible or water-soluble polyether-urethanes, which optionally contain isocyanate groups, as additives for inorganic binders in the preparation of a building material, particularly a high-density or high-strength mortar or concrete composition. The building material resulting from the use of the water-dispersible or water-soluble polyether-urethanes.

Abstract: A supplementing agent for mineral binder systems is disclosed, especially for the construction industry, containing at least 1 finely divided, swellable layer silicate and possible at least 1 other additive, the proportion of the swellable layer silicate being more than 60 wt. % and the swelling volume of the layer silicate being around 5-50 ml, in terms of a suspension of 2 g layer silicate in 100 ml water.

Abstract: A lightweight, cementitious composition and method which includes a noncementitious filler, Portland cement, bentonite, diatamaceous earth and lime. The noncementitious filler may be sawdust, rubber chips, flyash or combinations of two or more of these ingredients. Once mixed with water and air, the composition can be molded to form a variety of structures, including electrically nonconductive posts, and can be used to absorb and contain liquid contaminants in a vessel.

Abstract: A method of stabilizing soil and aggregate for structural purposes including the step of mixing with water: (a) a soil aggregate base material; (b) a stabilization composition comprising: (i) an alkali metal silicate or other suitable gel precursor, and (ii) optionally a cation; and (c) a minimum amount of 1% of cement based on the weight of the resulting mixture, whereby sufficient water is added to the resulting mixture to hydrate the cement and thereby provide a stabilized soil aggregate matrix suitable for use in a structure.

Abstract: A cement composition including spodumene which has been heated to at least 1000.degree. C. which is capable of inhibiting expansion of the concrete due to the alkali-silica reaction. The present invention also provides a method of reducing expansion in cement compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hydraulically bonded cement compositions and methods. More particularly, the present invention is directed to novel compositions and methods of hydrating hydraulic cement without mechanical mixing of the cement and water. The present invention includes materials prepared by manipulating under pressure powdered hydraulic cement compositions using known or novel powder packing, casting, or expanding techniques, such that air within the powdered hydraulic cement is substantially removed while the cement is formed into a self-supporting near net final position. Thereafter, the formed hydraulic cement is hydrated without mechanical mixing of the cement and water.

Abstract: Incorporation of solid removable aggregates into powdered cement which later completely dissolve, evaporate, volatilize, or melt leaving voids in the cement composition is discussed. Cementitious articles are prepared by manipulating powdered hydraulic cement or cement paste compositions into mechanically self-supporting structures of a predetermined configuration and thereafter hydrating the hydraulic cement compositions without mechanical mixing of the cement and water.

Abstract: Rapid curing, high strength cementitious binder mixtures are provided containing fly ash and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal silicate binder that has a weight ratio of SiO.sub.2 :M.sub.2 O of about 0.20:1 to about 0.75:1 wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, 1/2Ca and 1/2Mg. The cementitious binder mixtures can be mixed with aggregates to provide mortar and concrete mixtures. Any of the binder, mortar and concrete mixtures can be cured under elevated temperatures to yield high strength products.

Abstract: A 2-component composition is disclosed which contains an inorganic binder as well as a curing agent composed of water or an aqueous solution. The composition also contains substances which regulate solidification and curing, as well as, if necessary, conventional amounts of slag powders, fillers and blowing agents. The composition is distinguished by the fact that it cures rapidly even at low temperatures and can be used in small amounts. As a result, the composition is particularly suitable as a dowelling composition for fastening anchor rods in boreholes.

Abstract: A method of recovering steel plant waste revert materials including blast furnace flue dust and sludges involves mixing the revert materials with water to provide a total moisture content of about 14-20% by weight, then adding Portland cement as a sole binder, mixing, and, when the water content is limited to about 18 to 20%, casting the mixture onto the ground in the form of a slab or, when the water content is limited to about 14 to 16% and an accelerator for curing the cement is used, casting the mixture onto a conveyor in the form of preformed streams, curing the cast mixture and breaking it up to provide 1/2 inch to 5 inch agglomerate particles that can be recycled to the blast furnace.

Abstract: A homogeneous dry particulate cement mixture in ready-to-use form is provided, which comprises ground blast-furnace slag having a specific surface area of 500-750 m.sup.2 /kg and ground fly ash having a specific surface area of 500-750 m.sup.2 /kg, in a weight ratio in the range of 20/80-70/30, and further comprises the following components in the amounts indicated, calculated on the total mixture: at least 2% by weight of portland cement clinker and 2-12% by weight of sodium silicate (calculated as Na.sub.2 O+SiO.sub.2). When processed, the cement mixture yields a mortar or a concrete having improved strength properties as well as a good resistance against an acidic environment.

Abstract: A method of, and compositions for, the making of a fire-resistant door core assembly. Doors produced from the door core assemblies. In the making of a door core assembly, an aqueous slurry containing gypsum cement and diatomaceous earth is prepared. The slurry may also include expanded mineral ore material and Portland cement. The slurry preliminarily hardens during a green cure stage.

Abstract: An injection product for fine sands and other porous matter. This product comprises, on the one hand, cement and an alkaline silicate and, on the other hand, an agent inhibiting the reaction between the above two constituents. Application is in the field of construction.

Abstract: A cement composition for temporary, environmentally sound structures, including berms for erosion and flood control, comprising portland cement, flyash, sodium silicate, water and aggregate in predetermined amounts to obtain a pumpable cement composition having less than 2 inches of slump and a 28 day compressive strength of between about 100 and about 400 psi.

Abstract: A low cost cement composition that can be admixed with water and hydrothermally closed cured to give acid-resistant products of high compressive strength consisting essentially of, in parts by weight, 1 to 1.5 parts of a calcium oxide material containing at least about 60% CaO, 10 to 15 parts of pozzolanic material containing at least about 30% by weight amorphous silica, and 0.025 to 0.075 parts by weight of an alkali metal catalyst and building materials made therefrom as well as the method of making such building materials by closed curing.

Abstract: A composition for and method of performing primary cementing operations is disclosed. The method comprises the use of a water slurry of a thixotropic cementing composition which rapidly develops sufficient static gel strength to reduce if not eliminate annular gas migration.