Abstract: Disclosed is a foam modifier, e.g., useful for gypsum or cement slurries. The foam modifier comprises a fatty alcohol that is added to a gypsum or cement slurry that includes foaming agent, such as an alkyl sulfate surfactant. The fatty alcohol can be a C6-C16 fatty alcohol in some embodiments. The use of such a foam modifier can be used, for example, to stabilize the foam, reduce waste of foaming agent, improve void size control in the final product, and improve the gypsum board manufacturing process.

Abstract: Portland cement compositions for use in high-temperature, high pressure wells are designed such that the lime-to-silica molar ratio is between 0.5 and 1.0, and the alumina-to-silica molar ratio is between 0.05 and 0.10. After curing and setting at temperatures between 85° C. and 300° C., the cement compositions form tobermorite as an initial and permanent calcium silicate hydrate phase.

Abstract: The invention concerns a gypsum plasterboard (10) comprising at least an upper gypsum layer (16) having a first density, first hardness and first thickness and a lower gypsum layer (17) having a second density, a second hardness and a second thickness. The first density is lower than the second density and/or the first hardness is lower than the second hardness, and the first thickness is lower than the second thickness. The plasterboard according to the invention are heavy or dense plasterboards with an enhanced fixing ability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a foam modifier, e.g., useful for gypsum or cement slurries. The foam modifier comprises a fatty alcohol that is added to a gypsum or cement slurry that includes foaming agent, such as an alkyl sulfate surfactant. The fatty alcohol can be a C6-C16 fatty alcohol in some embodiments. The use of such a foam modifier can be used, for example, to stabilize the foam, reduce waste of foaming agent, improve void size control in the final product, and improve the gypsum board manufacturing process.

Abstract: Coating formulations for improving hide and holdout without sacrificing adhesion on cementitious substrates are provided. The coating formulations can achieve high hide and holdout with a low pigment volume concentration by utilizing particles with pre-selected oil absorption and particle size range. The coating formulations can be used as a functional for fiber cement substrates. When applied in combination with a top coat, the functional provides provide high hide and hold and enhanced adhesion while reducing pigment loading.

Abstract: A wellbore cement composition includes substantially unhydrated cement powder and additive powder for cement. The additive powder is formulated from ingredients including a liquid additive for cement and solid carrier particles. The liquid additive is absorbed by the solid carrier particles. A wellbore cementing method includes using a dry cement composition, adding water to the dry cement composition, forming a cement slurry, placing the slurry in a wellbore, and setting the placed slurry. The dry cement composition contains substantially unhydrated cement powder and retarder powder for cement. The retarder powder contains a retarder absorbed by solid carrier particles.

Abstract: A lightweight gypsum wallboard having a foamed gypsum core reinforced with pre-gelatinized, e.g., pre-gelled, starch and prepared by mixing an aqueous foam into a gypsum slurry comprising a source of calcined gypsum (commonly known as plaster of Paris), pre-gelled starch and a lignosulfonate dispersant; allowing the so-formed gypsum slurry to set, and then drying the set gypsum core.

Abstract: Water-resistant gypsum boards and compositions and methods for their manufacture are provided. The methods include forming a mixture of water, hydroxide, and siliconate, adding siloxane to the mixture, adding calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate to the mixture to form an aqueous slurry, curing the aqueous slurry under heat, drying the aqueous slurry, and forming a water-resistant gypsum board.

Abstract: A variety of methods and compositions are disclosed, including, in one embodiment a method a cementing in a subterranean formation comprising: providing a set-delayed cement composition comprising water, pumice, hydrated lime, and a set retarder; foaming the set-delayed cement composition; activating the set-delayed cement composition; introducing the set-delayed cement composition into a subterranean formation; and allowing the set-delayed cement composition to set in the subterranean formation. Additional methods, foamed set-delayed cement composition, and systems for cementing are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compositions and methods wherein air entrained in cementitious materials at least one air-entraining cement additive is detrained using an ethoxylated, propoxylated fatty alcohol or alkylphenol having robustness for withstanding the harsh temperature and mechanical shearing effects of cement grinding mills. Exemplary air-entraining cement additives include a tertiary alkanolamine, a lignosulfonic acid or salt thereof, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, melamine sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, a glycol, a glycerin, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A foamed concrete having a density from 100 to 800 kg/m3 including by mass relative to the total mass of the concrete: a cement; water; from 0.01 to 5% of a water-reducing agent, plasticizer or superplasticizer; from 0.45 to 5% of a foaming agent relative to the amount of water; from 0.01 to 5% of a water-soluble calcium salt; inorganic particles from 0.1 to 300 ?m in size; the ratio of foaming agent to calcium salt being from 0.3 to 0.8; the foamed concrete including 10% or more by mass of slag.

Abstract: A foamed concrete having a density from 100 to 800 kg/m3 including by mass relative to the total mass of the concrete: a cement; water; from 0.01 to 5% of a water-reducing agent, plasticizer or superplasticizer; from 0.45 to 5% of a foaming agent relative to the amount of water; from 0.01 to 5% of a water-soluble calcium salt; inorganic particles from 0.1 to 300 ?m in size; the ratio of foaming agent to calcium salt being from 0.3 to 0.8; excluding foamed concretes including 10% or more by mass of slag.

Abstract: A cement board has a density from 200 to 1000 kg/m3, the cement board produced from a foamed cement slurry including cement; water; from 0.01 to 5% of a water-reducing agent, a plasticizer or a superplasticizer, % by mass relative to the mass of cement; from 0.45 to 5%, of a foaming agent, % by mass relative to the mass of water; a water-soluble calcium salt; mineral particles from 0.1 to 300 ?m in size; a ratio of foaming agent to calcium salt being from 0.3 to 0.8.

Abstract: Of the many compositions provided herein, an embodiment includes a foamed cement composition comprising a cementitious component, an oil-swellable particle comprising at least one swellable elastomer selected from the group consisting of acrylate butadiene rubber, polyacrylate rubber, isoprene rubber, choloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, brominated butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, neoprene rubber, styrene butadiene block copolymer, sulphonated polyethylene, ethylene acrylate rubber, epichlorohydrin ethylene oxide copolymer, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, fluorosilicone rubber, silicone rubber, and combinations thereof, a foaming and stabilizing surfactant, gas, and water. Another embodiment includes a foamed cement composition comprising a cementitious component, an oil-swellable particle comprising a block copolymer of styrene butadiene rubber, a foaming and stabilizing surfactant, and gas.

Abstract: The invention provides geopolymeric compositions intended for use in carbon dioxide injection or production wells or storage reservoirs and preferably in a supercritical carbon dioxide conditions. The geopolymeric composition is formed from a suspension comprising an aluminosilicate source, a metal silicate, an alkali activator, a retarder and/or an accelerator and a carrier fluid wherein the oxide molar ratio M2O/SiO2 is greater than 0.20 with M an alkali metal.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a weight-saved foamed gypsum board having a gypsum core with high strength and excellent adhesion properties of the gypsum core with base papers for gypsum board, which method is capable of adjusting the sizes of pores in a gypsum core of a weight-saved gypsum board product into a desired range in a short time and at a low cost, even if the kinds and the compounding ratios of gypsum raw materials vary.

Abstract: A method for forming a gypsum slurry comprises the steps of combining gypsum and water to form a slurry, combining cellulose ether with at least a second material configured to delay solubilization of the cellulose ether, and adding the combined cellulose ether and at least a second material to the slurry.

Abstract: The invention provides geopolymeric compositions, which have controllable thickening and setting times for a wide range of temperatures and a large range of geopolymer slurry densities. The geopolymer slurry compositions have good mixability and pumpability, while the set materials develop good compressive strength and permeability. The invention discloses a method for preparing geopolymer for oilfield cementing applications. The geopolymeric compositions according to the invention comprises a suspension comprising an aluminosilicate source, a metal silicate, an alkali activator, lightweight or heavyweight fillers and a carrier fluid wherein the suspension of said geopolymeric composition is pumped in a well and allowed to set.

Abstract: Flowable concrete mixtures have an aqueous foam admixture mixed therein to give the concrete mixture desired strength, flowability, and density. The concrete mixtures include a hydration stabilizer to stabilize the aqueous foam. The hydration stabilizer inhibits the reaction between the hydraulic cement and the water in the aqueous foam. The aqueous foam can be stabilized using a fluorochemical surfactant.

Abstract: An improved freeze-thaw durability cementitious composition is provided that uses at least partially degradable polymeric particles that are blended directly into the cementitious composition mixture. The degradable polymeric particles provide void spaces in the cementitious material matrix, and such void spaces act to increase freeze-thaw durability of the cementitious material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to coarse calcined kaolin slurries having a high solids content. The invention also relates to methods of making such slurries. The resulting slurries can have a solids content of at least about 58% by weight wherein at least about 40% by weight of the calcined kaolin particles has a particle size of at least about 1 ?m. The slurries can be stabilized where the solids show little settling from suspension. The slurries have many uses, including fillers or extenders in paint and coating compositions for paper or paper board. More generally, the inventive products may be used wherever calcined kaolins are used. The present invention also related to coarse calcined kaolin slurries having a multimodal particle size distribution and a high solids content.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for reducing the impact of hard water on gypsum board foaming are provided. The compositions include adding a foam to water and a calcined slurry. The foam includes water, dispersed air and a surfactant. Surfactants for use include a hydrophobic portion having an alkyl chain length distribution of about 20% to about 60% C8 chains; about 20% to about 60% C10 chains; about 14% to about 36% C12 chains and about 2% to about 20% C14 chains and also having a hydrophilic portion having about 0.2 to 3.0 ethoxy groups.

Abstract: Effective use of dispersants in wallboard containing foam results from a method where stucco is mixed with a first dispersant and a first quantity of water to form a gypsum slurry. A soap is blended with a second dispersant and a second quantity of water to make a foam. Subsequently, the foam is combined with the slurry. Choice of different first and second dispersants and their relative amounts allows control of the size distribution of the foam bubbles in the slurry and the resulting voids in the gypsum core. Use of the same dispersant in both the mixer and the foam water provides a boost in efficacy of the dispersant.

Abstract: An improved freeze-thaw durability cementitious composition is provided that uses at least partially degradable polymeric particles that are blended directly into the cementitious composition mixture. The degradable polymeric particles provide void spaces in the cementitious material matrix, and such void spaces act to increase freeze-thaw durability of the cementitious material.

Abstract: Methods of using density-reducing additives comprising low-density particulates in subterranean cementing operations are provided. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of cementing comprising: providing a cement composition comprising a cement component, a base fluid, and a density-reducing additive comprising particulates that comprise an agglomerating material; placing the cement composition in a location to be cemented; and allowing the cement composition to set therein.

Abstract: Density-reducing additives comprising low-density particulates, and cement compositions comprising such additives, are provided. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a cement composition comprising: a cement component; a density-reducing additive comprising particulates that comprise an agglomerating material; and a base fluid.

Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] To provide a gas-forming agent which exhibits no hydrogen embrittlement and allows gas generation to achieve a desired amount of inflation even in the presence of nitrite, and a cement composition utilizing the agent which offers improved shrinkage compensation. [Solution] The gas-forming agent for a cement composition containing nitrite comprises a substance which produces nitrogen gas through a reaction in the cement composition.

Abstract: In accordance with a particular embodiment of the present invention, a method for producing a gypsum product includes providing a calcined gypsum powder. Water and an aqueous foam generated from a foaming agent comprising a first portion of sodium decyl sulfate are combined with the calcined gypsum powder to generate a foamed calcined gypsum slurry. The method may also include combining water, a foam generated from a first and second portion of the foaming agent, and the calcined gypsum powder. The second portion of the foaming agent may comprise ammonium decyl ether sulfate and ammonium octyl ether sulfate.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method of reducing the water demand of expanded perlite that includes obtaining a vibrating screen supported at an angle and placing expanded perlite on the vibrating screen. The expanded perlite is moved over the screen past toward a burner at a rate that heats the expanded perlite to a temperature sufficient to anneal it. The expanded perlite is then moved away from the burner and allowed to cool. Another embodiment of this invention is directed to a method of making a gypsum product. The method includes annealing perlite by the method described above, then preparing a slurry of calcium sulfate hemihydrate, additives, water and the annealed perlite. The slurry is formed into the shape of the gypsum product and allowed to set. This process is particularly useful in making gypsum panels and acoustical panels that benefit from the use of lightweight materials.

Abstract: The present invention provides settable compositions that comprise water and cement kiln dust. The settable compositions optionally may comprise an additive that comprises at least one of the following group: fly ash; shale; slag cement; zeolite; metakaolin; and combinations thereof. The settable compositions optionally may be foamed with a gas. Methods of cementing also are provided that comprise: providing the settable composition; introducing the settable composition into a location to be cemented; and allowing the settable composition to set therein. The location to be cemented may be above ground or in a subterranean formation.

Abstract: An improved freeze-thaw durability wet cast cementitious composition is provided that uses in-situ production of gas by gas generating additives and optionally polymeric microspheres that are blended directly into the mixture. The gas generating additives and the polymeric microspheres provide void spaces in the material matrix, and such void spaces act to increase freeze-thaw durability of the material.

Abstract: A method of cementing in a subterranean formation that comprises providing a foamed cement composition that comprises water, a cement, a gas, and an additive, the additive comprising an anionic foaming agent and at least one of an anionic foam stabilizer or a Zwitterionic foam booster; placing the cement composition into the subterranean formation; and allowing the cement composition to set therein is provided. Foamed cement compositions, additives for foaming and stabilizing a cement composition, and methods of reducing the density of a cement composition, also are provided.

Abstract: A gypsum composition including gypsum, water, and a surfactant composition of alkyl sulfates of formula H(CH2)nOSO3?M+, in which n is from 6 to 16, the mean number of carbon atoms in the alkyl sulfate composition nm being between 10 and 11, and M is a monovalent cation. A process for the preparation of the gypsum composition and a gypsum board obtainable from this composition. Finally, a process for the manufacture of gypsum boards. Application for the manufacture of foamed gypsum boards.

Abstract: The present invention relates to foamed cement slurries, additives and methods. A foamed cement slurry of the invention comprises a hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a slurry, sufficient gas to form a foam and an environmentally benign foaming and stabilizing additive comprising a mixture of an ammonium salt of an alkyl ether sulfate surfactant, a cocoamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, a cocoamidopropyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, sodium chloride and water.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of cementing pipe in well bores and low density cement compositions having enhanced compressive, tensile and bond strengths upon setting. The composition of the invention are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a slurry and hollow glass microspheres surface treated with a mixture of organosilane coupling agents present in an amount sufficient to produce a cement composition density in the range of from about 6 to about 12 pounds per gallon.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods of cementing and cement compositions. A cement composition of the invention comprises hydraulic cement, silica hydrophobicized with a mixture of organosilicon compounds and water which upon hardening has high shear bond strength.

Abstract: Methods and cement compositions are provided for sealing a subterranean zone penetrated by a wellbore, wherein the cement composition comprises zeolite, cementitious material, and a mixing fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to foamed cement slurries, additives and methods. A foamed cement slurry of the invention comprises a hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a slurry, sufficient gas to form a foam and an environmentally benign foaming and stabilizing additive comprising a mixture of an ammonium salt of an alkyl ether sulfate surfactant, a cocoamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, a cocoamidopropyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, sodium chloride and water.

Abstract: Methods of cementing subterranean zones penetrated by well bores using cement compositions having enhanced compressive strengths are provided. A method of the invention basically comprises the steps of preparing or providing a cement composition having enhanced compressive strength upon setting comprising a hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a slurry and a hydroxyamine compressive strength enhancing additive. Thereafter, the cement composition is placed in a subterranean zone to be cemented and allowed to set into an impermeable solid mass therein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of generating gas in and forming cement compositions that may be introduced into a subterranean zone. A method of the present invention provides a method of generating gas in a cement composition that comprises providing the cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement and water; providing an oxidizing agent; providing at least one gas generating chemical; and contacting the cement composition with the oxidizing agent and/or the gas generating chemical downstream of at least one cement pump so that a gas is generated in the cement composition downstream of at least one cement pump. Methods of foaming cement compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods for cementing. The methods are basically comprised of the steps of preparing a cement composition comprised of hydraulic cement, water, gas, surfactants, a cement early strength accelerator and a mildly set retarding cement dispersing agent, placing the cement composition in the annulus between the casing string and the well bore and allowing the cement composition to set into a hard impermeable mass. The cement composition used can alternatively comprise hydraulic cement, a water reducing additive, a dispersing additive, a set accelerating additive and water. Also, the cement composition can be made environmentally benign by using water reducing and dispersing additives, set retarding additives, and compressive strength and set accelerating additives which are environmentally degradable.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dispersant and foaming agent combination that is useful in the production of gypsum wallboard and other aqueous cementitious products. The dispersant in the combination according to the invention is a naphthalene sulfonate-aldehyde condensate alkali salt polymer having a weight average molecular weight of from about 17,000 to about 47,000. The alkali is preferably an alkali metal and/or an alkaline earth metal. The aldehyde is preferably formaldehyde. The foaming agent used in the combination according to the invention is a soap, preferably an alkali salt of an alkyl ether sulfate and/or an alkyl sulfate. The combination of a high molecular weight dispersant and a foaming agent produces a gypsum wallboard core effect that more efficiently entrains air (i.e., creates void space), thereby lowering overall board weight without detrimentally affecting strength.

Abstract: Improved methods of generating gas in and foaming well treating fluids introduced into a subterranean zone are provided. A method of the invention includes the steps of combining one or more gas generating chemicals with the well treating fluid and combining one or more delayed encapsulated activators having selected release times with the well treating fluid containing the gas generating chemicals so that the gas generating chemicals react with the delayed encapsulated oxidizing agent activators and gas and foam are formed in the treating fluid while the treating fluid is being pumped and after being placed in the subterranean zone.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compressible foamed sealing compositions for sealing expandable pipe in well bores. The compressible sealant compositions for sealing expandable pipe are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, a rubber latex, a rubber latex stabilizer, a gas and a mixture of foaming and foam stabilizing surfactants.

Abstract: Methods of forming a permeable cement composition in a well bore adjacent to a fluid producing zone therein and cement compositions for forming permeable cement sand screens in well bores are provided. A cement composition of the invention is comprised of a hydraulic cement, a particulate cross-linked aqueous gel having a size in the range of from about 100 microns to about 3000 microns containing an internal temperature activated breaker, a particulate dehydrated cross-linked aqueous gel having a size in the range,of from about 40 microns to about 500 microns containing an internal temperature activated breaker and water present in an amount sufficient to form a slurry.

Abstract: Improved methods of generating gas in and foaming well treating fluids introduced into a subterranean zone are provided. A method of the invention includes the steps of combining one or more gas generating chemicals with the well treating fluid and combining one or more delayed encapsulated activators having selected release times with the well treating fluid containing the gas generating chemicals so that the gas generating chemicals react with the delayed encapsulated oxidizing agent activators and gas and foam are formed in the treating fluid while the treating fluid is being pumped and after being placed in the subterranean zone.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved compositions and methods for cementing casing strings in deep water offshore formations penetrated by well bores. The cement composition basically comprises hydraulic cement, water, an environmentally degradable water reducing and dispersing additive, an environmentally degradable set retarding additive and an environmentally degradable compressive strength and set accelerating additive.

Abstract: The current invention provides improved methods and compositions for completing a well bore. In one aspect, the current invention provides a process for preparing a foamed cement composition. The process utilizes air to foam the cement after the air has been treated to lower the oxygen content below that concentration necessary to support combustion. Additionally, the current invention provides a process for completing a well bore using foamed cement wherein the foam is generated with reduced oxygen content air. Finally, the current invention provides a foamed cement composition wherein the gaseous portion of the composition is air having a reduced oxygen content.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for forming permeable cement sand screens in well bores are provided. The compositions are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, a particulate cross-linked gel containing an internal breaker which after time causes the gel to break into a liquid and water present in an amount sufficient to form a slurry.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of cementing pipe in well bores and low density cement compositions having enhanced compressive, tensile and bond strengths upon setting. The composition of the invention are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a slurry and hollow glass microspheres surface treated with a mixture of organosilane coupling agents present in an amount sufficient to produce a cement composition density in the range of from about 6 to about 12 pounds per gallon.