Abstract: A non-hydraulic cement composition including: (i) a non-aqueous liquid phase comprising one or more organic compounds characterized by: (a) having at least one hydroxyl group on a carbon atom, (b) being a liquid when pure under Standard Laboratory Conditions, and (c) being at least soluble in water; (ii) one or more magnesium chloride compounds selected from the group consisting of: magnesium chloride, a magnesium chloride hydrate, and any combination thereof; and (iii) magnesium oxide; wherein the one or more organic compounds comprise at least 40% by weight of the non-aqueous liquid phase excluding the weight of any dissolved solids. A method of treating a well including the steps of: (A) forming the non-hydraulic cement composition; and (B) introducing the non-hydraulic cement composition into the well.

Abstract: Novel decorative products including interior home decorative products, garden ornaments, building decorative products and the like are disclosed in which the novel decorative products are characterized in having rigid shells of compacted fiber reinforced magnesium oxychloride composite, seam lines of below two millimeters and cores of which densities can be adjusted according to the preferred weight of the products during the product design stage. The aforesaid compacted fiber reinforced magnesium oxychloride composite is characterized in having compacted structures of F-5 MOC phase magnesium oxychloride. A method for producing the novel decorative products is also provided.

Abstract: The composition applied to the refractory structure has a magnesia-based refractory material, calcia source and a binder. After application of the refractory material to a refractory structure and upon application of heat to the applied refractory material a matrix is formed which protects against penetration of the slag into the refractory material. The resulting refractory material has improved hot strength, slag resistance and durability.

Abstract: A non-hydraulic cement composition including: (i) a non-aqueous liquid phase comprising one or more organic compounds characterized by: (a) having at least one hydroxyl group on a carbon atom, (b) being a liquid when pure under Standard Laboratory Conditions, and (c) being at least soluble in water; (ii) one or more magnesium chloride compounds selected from the group consisting of: magnesium chloride, a magnesium chloride hydrate, and any combination thereof; and (iii) magnesium oxide; wherein the one or more organic compounds comprise at least 40% by weight of the non-aqueous liquid phase excluding the weight of any dissolved solids. A method of treating a well including the steps of: (A) forming the non-hydraulic cement composition; and (B) introducing the non-hydraulic cement composition into the well.

Abstract: A cement product incorporating nanocrystalline cellulose and cellulose fiber throughout the product and a method of making the product.

Abstract: A cement product incorporating nanocrystalline cellulose and cellulose fiber throughout the product and a method of making the product.

Abstract: The composition applied to the refractory structure has a magnesia-based refractory material, calcium carbonate and a binder. After application of the refractory material to a refractory structure and upon application of heat to the applied refractory material a matrix is formed which protects against penetration of the slag into the refractory material. The resulting refractory material has improved hot strength, slag resistance and durability.

Abstract: A cementitious veneer and laminate composition is provided. The cementitious laminate composition includes a substrate, a primer layer applied to the substrate, the primer layer comprising a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol catalyst, Portland cement, and sand; and a cementitious veneer layer applied to the primer layer, the cementitious veneer layer comprising a mixture of magnesium sulfate, filler, magnesium oxide, gypsum cement or bassanite, cellulose ethers, and polyvinyl alcohol catalyst. The polyvinyl alcohol catalyst comprises a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol fibers dissolved in water and mixed with butylene carbonate. The veneer layer is applied to the substrate and primer layer by means including spraying and manual spreading, and can be ornamentally manipulated either before or after curing of the veneer layer. The veneer composition can be formed into laminated tiles or panels for use in building applications.

Abstract: A magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) composition comprising: caustic calcined magnesia magnesium chloride phosphoric acids or corresponding salts exfoliated vermiculite.

Abstract: A magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) composition comprising: caustic calcined magnesia magnesium chloride phosphoric acids or corresponding salts exfoliated vermiculite.

Abstract: A slurry composition comprising an alkaline metal oxide, a chloride or phosphate salt, water, glass beads and a foaming agent. A foamed slurry comprising magnesium oxide, water, a chloride or phosphate salt, and glass beads, wherein the slurry has a density of from about 4 to about 12 pounds per gallon. A foamed slurry comprising magnesium oxide, water, a chloride or phosphate salt, and beads, wherein the slurry has a density of from about 4 to about 12 pounds per gallon and the set slurry is acid soluble.

Abstract: A cementitious veneer and laminate composition is provided. The cementitious laminate composition includes a substrate, a primer layer applied to the substrate, the primer layer comprising a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol catalyst, Portland cement, and sand; and a cementitious veneer layer applied to the primer layer, the veneer layer comprising a mixture of magnesium sulfate, filler, magnesium oxide, gypsum cement, and polyvinyl alcohol catalyst. The polyvinyl alcohol catalyst comprises a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol fibers dissolved in water and mixed with butylene carbonate. The veneer layer is applied to the substrate and primer layer by means including spraying and manual spreading. The veneer layer can be ornamentally manipulated either before or after curing of the veneer layer. The veneer composition can be formed into laminated tiles or panels for use in building applications.

Abstract: A cementitious veneer and laminate composition is provided. The cementitious laminate composition includes a substrate, a primer layer applied to the substrate, the primer layer comprising a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol catalyst, Portland cement, and sand; and a cementitious veneer layer applied to the primer layer, the veneer layer comprising a mixture of magnesium sulfate, filler, magnesium oxide, gypsum cement, and polyvinyl alcohol catalyst. The polyvinyl alcohol catalyst comprises a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol fibers dissolved in water and mixed with butylene carbonate. The veneer layer is applied to the substrate and primer layer by means including spraying and manual spreading. The veneer layer can be ornamentally manipulated either before or after curing of the veneer layer. The veneer composition can be formed into laminated tiles or panels for use in building applications.

Abstract: Novel hydraulic cements are disclosed that include reactive magnesium oxide prepared by low temperature calcination. The cements can be formulated to suit a large number of applications with various setting times, strength and levels of sustainability either by adding iron salts such as ferrous sulfate or blending with other compatible faster setting hydraulic cements such as Portland cement or by using both methods. The compositions are able to incorporate relatively large amounts of low cost pozzolans such as fly ash to advantage as well as wastes. Many excellent properties are exhibited and in particular good comprehensive strength and resistance to sulfates is able to be achieved.

Abstract: A lightweight cementitious composite material includes expanded synthetic polymer particulate having a particle size of between 0.0625 and 0.5 inches. A dispersant coating on said particulate suppresses electrostatic attraction between particulate particles. A matrix surrounds the particulate and is present from 0.25 to 1 pound per gallon of dispersant coated particulate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to settable compositions that comprise magnesium oxide and at least one divalent salt and associated methods of use. In some embodiments, the present invention discloses methods of a forming a hardened mass comprising providing a settable composition comprising magnesium oxide, and a brine comprising water and a divalent salt; placing the settable composition into a desired location; and allowing the settable composition to set to form the hardened mass. In other embodiments, the present invention discloses methods of forming a hardened mass in a subterranean formation comprising placing a brine comprising water and a divalent salt into the subterranean formation; contacting the brine with magnesium oxide; and allowing the brine and the magnesium oxide to react to form the hardened mass. In other embodiments, the present invention discloses methods forming a casing in a well bore, and converting a drilling fluid to a settable composition.

Abstract: A cementitious material having improved resistance to water, increased strength, increased resistance to deteriorating processes and which is toxic to certain microorganisms and repellent to certain roach species, said material comprising on a dry mix basis, in % by weight, about 2% to 5% copper oxide, about 1% to 5% condensed silica fume, about 1.5% siloxane coated calcium hydroxide, about 53.5% to 60.5% dolomitic limestone and effective amounts of pigments and fillers.

Abstract: Foamable magnesite cement, comprising a cement selected from magnesium oxychloride and magnesium oxysulphate cement, or a mixture thereof, together with one or more organic carboxylic acid(s) having a foaming coefficient lower than 1.80, and/or their anhydride(s) and/or their salt(s).

Abstract: A grain-spacer for an abrasive bond containing abrasive grain comprising particles of interlocked and bonded plant fibers.

Abstract: Magnesite bonds reinforced with selected fibers have improved resistance to cracking and disintegration in use. Particular embodiments include fiber-reinforced abrasive tools based on magnesite bonds which have improved bond integrity in dry-grinding applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to shaped solid articles manufactured with a hydraulically setting composition comprising water, hydraulic binders and reinforcing fibres and moreover process fibres in an amount of 0-10 wt % with respect to total dry mix and fillers in an amount of 0-50 wt % with respect to total dry mix wherein the reinforcing fibres comprise from 0.1 to 5 wt % with respect to total dry mix of highly crystalline polypropylene fibres possessing a fibre breakage strength of over 490 N/mm.sup.2, having Q<5 and 97<HI<100, and 94<IPF<100, Q being the ratio of weight-average molecular weight to number-average molecular weight, HI being the boiling n-heptane insoluble content in wt % with respect to the total polymer and IPF being the isotactic pentad fraction in mol %.

Abstract: A method for preparing a carbon fiber-reinforced cement material is here disclosed which comprises the step of using, as a reinforcing material, a carbon fiber from which a gas has been removed by replacing the gas captured in the fiber with water. This method permits providing the carbon fiber-reinforced cement material having a large reinforcing effect by the fiber.

Abstract: Low density well cement compositions which set into hard substantially impermeable masses, but which are removable by dissolution in acid, and methods of utilizing such compositions for forming removable cement plugs or seals in subterranean zones are provided. The compositions are comprised of pumpable foamed slurries of magnesium oxychloride cement.

Abstract: Retarded acid soluble well cement compositions which set into hard substantially impermeable masses and methods of using such compositions for forming removable cement plugs or seals in subterranean zones are provided. The compositions are comprised of magnesium oxychloride cement and a set retarder comprised of a water soluble borate and a sugar.

Abstract: Low density well cement compositions which set into hard substantially impermeable masses, but which are removable by dissolution in acid, and methods of utilizing such compositions for forming removable cement plugs or seals in subterranean zones are provided. The compositions are comprised of pumpable foamed slurries of magnesium oxychloride cement.

Abstract: A composition for forming a tile body consists of a major amount by weight of calcium sulphate hemi-hydrate, 11 to 13% by weight of the calcium sulphate hemi-hydrate of a phenolic resin, a suitable amount of a catalyst for the phenolic resin, water in an amount sufficient to provide with the water present in the other components of the composition approximately the amount of water theoretically required for complete rehydration of the calcium sulphate hemi-hydrate, about 1% by weight of the calcium sulphate hemi-hydrate of a melamine formaldehyde concentrate and about 1% by weight of the calcium sulphate hemi-hydrate of a polyvinyl alcohol. The composition may be used to form tile bodies which may take the place of conventional ceramic tiles utilized in bathrooms, kitchens and the like.

Abstract: A device comprising a solid or powdered concrete admixture contained in a water-soluble container such that when the container and its contents are introduced into a wet mixer and agitated for a period of time, the water-soluble container is dissolved and the contents are released into the wet mixer. A separate water-insoluble receptacle is used to house and store the water-soluble container and its contents. In addition, there is disclosed a method for modifying the properties of a concrete by introducing a pre-weighed amount of solid admixture contained in a water-soluble container into a wet mixer and thereafter agitating the resulting mix.

Abstract: Magnesium oxychloride cement compositions, products, and uses thereof, are provided by mixing magnesium oxide, a magnesium chloride solution, and aggregate particles. The cement compositions are adapted for use in repairing damaged concrete surfaces, casting both functional and decorative forms, and coating surfaces with stucco. The addition of a small amount of acid to the cement composition promotes a more complete cementing reaction. The resulting cement product exhibits substantially increased strength and water resistance. Brine from the Great Salt Lake is a preferable source of the magnesium chloride solution. Brine from the Great Salt Lake results in a cement composition substantially stronger than cement produced from a pure magnesium chloride solution. Use of the Great Salt Lake brine as the gauging solution in lieu of a gauging solution made from magnesium chloride flakes (hexahydrate) reduces manufacturing costs of magnesium oxychloride cement products.

Abstract: A fire barrier composition in the form of a zinc-containing magnesium oxychloride cement is described. The composition exhibits a prolonged pot-life as well as reduced thermal popping when applied to a substrate as a coating. The fire barrier composition can be used for rendering a flammable substrate fire resistant and for encapsulating lead paint.

Abstract: Flowability improving agent comprising a combination of(A) a sulphonated melamine-formaldehyde resin, a sulphonated melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin or a sulphonated naphthalene-formaldehyde resin and(B) a compound of the general formulaAr O--[R.sub.1 ].sub.n --R.sub.2.

Abstract: Magnesium oxychloride cement compositions, products, and uses thereof, are provided by mixing magnesium oxide, a magnesium chloride solution, and aggregate particles. The cement compositions are adapted for use in repairing damaged concrete surfaces, casting both functional and decorative forms, and coating surfaces with stucco. The addition of a small amount of acid to the cement composition promotes a more complete cementing reaction. The resulting cement product exhibits substantially increased strength and water resistance. Brine from the Great Salt Lake is a preferable source of the magnesium chloride solution. Brine from the Great Salt Lake results in a cement composition substantially stronger than cement produced from a pure magnesium chloride solution. Use of the Great Salt Lake brine as the gauging solution in lieu of a gauging solution made from magnesium chloride flakes (hexahydrate) reduces manufacturing costs of magnesium oxychloride cement products.