Abstract: A vortex ring generation device includes a casing and an extrusion mechanism. The casing has a gas passage and a discharge port. The extrusion mechanism extrudes gas in the gas passage such that the gas in a vortex ring shape is discharged from the discharge port. V (m3) represents an extrusion volume, D (m) represents a diameter of the discharge port, L (m) represents a length of a cylinder having the diameter D and the volume V, and U (m/s) represents a discharge flow rate 0.045?D?0.135, 0.15?L?0.35, and 3?U?5.

Abstract: A device (1) and a method for producing enameled wires, comprises an application device (3) for applying at least one enamel coating, a furnace (4) for solidifying the enamel coating and an exhaust gas purification device (7) for removing at least nitrogen oxides from an exhaust gas (9) of the furnace (4). The exhaust gas purification device (7) has a unit (13) for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas (9) of the furnace and a feeding apparatus (11) for feeding a reducing agent, preferably an ammonia-containing compound, in particular a urea solution, into the exhaust gas (9) of the furnace (4). The feeding apparatus (11) has at least one outlet opening, which is designed in such a way that the reducing agent exits from the outlet opening substantially in the flow direction of the exhaust gas (9).

Abstract: A smoke removal device includes a connecting tube, a burner, and a plurality of heat storage meshes. The connecting tube has an inlet end and an outlet end. The burner is disposed in the connecting tube and has a flame outlet. The heat storage meshes are sequentially disposed between the flame outlet and the outlet end. The heat storage meshes includes a first heat storage mesh and a second heat storage mesh. The first heat storage mesh is located between the second heat storage mesh and the flame outlet. A mesh-number of per unit area of the first heat storage mesh is larger than that of the second heat storage mesh. The first heat storage mesh and the second heat storage mesh could slow down a flow rate of flame to increase temperatures of the heat storage meshes. The smoke is burned off once touching the heat storage meshes.

Abstract: A pyrolysis plant including: a) an exhaust heated feeder; b) a pyrolysis reactor; c) a rotary screen cleaning tower; d) an exhaust heat fuel cleaner; e) a carbon refiner; and f) a safety burner tower.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel apparatus and way for sealing a portion of a gas turbine combustor in order to regulate the flow of compressed air into an annular passage adjacent to a combustion liner. A compressible seal is utilized having a first annular portion, a second annular portion, and a transition portion, the compressible seal regulates airflow passing through the compressible seal via a plurality of openings and/or axially extending slots.

Abstract: A compact and portable liquid concentrator includes a gas inlet, a gas exit and a flow corridor connecting the gas inlet and the gas exit, wherein the flow corridor includes a narrowed portion that accelerates the gas through the flow corridor. A liquid inlet injects liquid into the gas stream at a point prior to the narrowed portion so that the gas-liquid mixture is thoroughly mixed within the flow corridor, causing a portion of the liquid to be evaporated. A demister or fluid scrubber downstream of the narrowed portion removes entrained liquid droplets from the gas stream and re-circulates the removed liquid to the liquid inlet through a re-circulating circuit. Fresh liquid to be concentrated is also introduced into the re-circulating circuit at a rate sufficient to offset the amount of liquid evaporated in the flow corridor.

Abstract: An auxiliary burner assembly is provided within the exhaust stack associated with a main burner assembly for combusting vent gases from a petroleum production and processing facility. The auxiliary burner unit is located within the exhaust stack associated with the main burner assembly. The auxiliary burner assembly enables the same exhaust stack as the main burner assembly while effective combusting exhaust gases and providing heating of a medium when required. The auxiliary burner is utilized when the main burner assembly is inactive and gas pressure stored in a vent gas tank exceeds an upper pressure set-point value. An auxiliary burner controller system is utilized to control operation of the auxiliary burners.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing granular material useful as aggregate for the production of lightweight construction materials and involves the mixing of a pulverized Calcium Oxide material with a dewatered clay waste material in a paddle or ribbon type mixer until reaching a state of a uniform consistency paste like material and then allowing such material to cure for several days while periodically mixing to expose new surface area thereof to the air to facilitate evaporation until the water content of the cured material is less than six percent.

Abstract: A catalytic exhaust gas purification device and method for the reduction of nitrogen oxides from an exhaust gas of a fossil-fired power plant, having a heating gas duct along a flow direction and having a reactor chamber which is arranged in the heating gas duct is provided. In the reactor chamber there are arranged a first reduction reactor for the reduction of nitrogen oxides NOx to form water H2O and nitrogen N2, an oxidation reactor, which is connected downstream of the first reduction reactor in the flow direction, for the oxidation of nitrogen monoxide NO to form nitrogen dioxide NO2, and a second reduction reactor, which is connected downstream of the oxidation reactor in the flow direction, for the reduction of nitrogen oxides NOx to form water H2O and nitrogen N2. A reduction of nitrogen oxides NOx from an exhaust gas of a fossil-fired power plant is achieved.

Abstract: A method and system of processing animal waste is disclosed. In a particular embodiment, the method includes transferring animal waste to a gasifier to burn the animal waste, circulating water through a heat exchanger in a flue stack of the gasifier to generate heated water, and pumping the heated water to either an organic Rankine cycle system to generate electricity, a radiant heater, or any combination thereof. In addition, the method includes circulating the heated water through an evaporator of the organic Rankine cycle system to vaporize a refrigerant, and circulating the vaporized refrigerant from the evaporator, through a turbine to generate the electricity. Also, the method includes using a manure spreader to feed the animal waste to the gasifier at a varying feed rate that is based on contemporaneously calculating a British thermal units (BTU) of the animal waste being fed to the gasifier.

Abstract: A waste incinerator system is disclosed for incinerating waste in a holding tank. The system comprises a pump in fluid communication with the waste, and which is adapted to pump waste out of the holding tank and into a substantially hollow burning chamber. The burning chamber includes a raised open end and a lowered chimney end. The chimney end is sealed with a selectively removable chamber plate and includes a chimney for venting exhaust fumes from within the burning chamber. A waste tray is adapted to be slid into the burning chamber through the chimney end and holds waste received from the pump. A burner assembly is fixed adjacent with the open end of the burning chamber and adapted to direct a flame into the open end of the burning chamber to heat the waste tray and incinerate the waste therein. A housing is included to enclose the burner assembly and the burning chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus (100) for processing waste material is provided which comprises a heat proof chamber (102), a hot gas inlet (106, 112) for heating the interior of the heat proof chamber (102), and a rotatable drum (118) for containing waste to be processed. The drum (118) has gaps (120) therein, is located within the heat proof chamber (102), and separated therefrom around its edge by a gap. The apparatus (100) is also provided with a drive (126, 128) for rotating the drum (118) at a speed such that, in use, waste material that is heat softened is centrifugally separated from the remainder of the waste and passes through the gaps (120) in the drum (118).

Abstract: A carbon monoxide (CO) boiler or steam generator having a water cooled CO boiler floor with screen gas distribution inlet to enhance distribution of CO gas in a CO boiler. Either the front or rear wall tubes of the steam generator form an integral screen and the tubes continue, forming a membraned, gas tight enclosure. The floor has a “knee” to redirect the incoming waste CO gas up into the integral screen. The screen may be provided with tube erosion shields to prevent erosion of the screen tubes and to control the distribution of waste gas across the plan area of the furnace.

Abstract: In one aspect, a combustion system is configured to facilitate preventing the formation of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) and decrease a concentration of at least one of vanadium trioxide (V2O3) and vanadium tetroxide (V2O4) particles in an exhaust. The combustion system includes a vanadium-containing fuel supply and a combustor. The combustor is configured to generate a combustor exhaust gas including vanadium trioxide (V2O3) and/or vanadium tetroxide (V2O4) particles and to combust a reduced-oxygen mixture including the vanadium-containing fuel, ambient air, and a portion of the combustor exhaust gas. The combustion system also includes a particle separator configured to remove substantially all of the V2O3 and/or V2O4 particles from the combustor exhaust gas. A method for combusting fuel and a power generation system are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for enhanced fuel combustion to maximize the capture of by-product carbon dioxide. According to various embodiments of the invention, a method for combusting fuel in a two-stage process is provided, which includes in-situ oxygen generation. In-situ oxygen generation allows for the operation of a second oxidation stage to further combust fuel, thus maximizing fuel conversion efficiency. The integrated oxygen generation also provides an increased secondary reactor temperature, thereby improving the overall thermal efficiency of the process. The means of in-situ oxygen is not restricted to one particular embodiment, and can occur using an oxygen generation reactor, an ion transport membrane, or both. A system configured to the second stage combustion method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of combusting ammonia is described, in which an exhaust gas containing varying amounts of at least ammonia and hydrogen is conveyed from a chamber to a combustion nozzle (34) connected to a combustion chamber (36). A combustion gas for forming a combustion flame within the chamber is supplied to the chamber. Depending on the relative amounts of ammonia and hydrogen exhaust from the chamber, hydrogen is added to the exhaust gas so that, when the exhaust gas contains ammonia, the gas combusted by the flame contains at least a predetermined amount of hydrogen.

Abstract: A pressurized transport oxy-combustor with different configurations is disclosed. Substantially pure oxygen is fed to the transport oxy-combustor under pressure to combust fossil fuels, generating steam for power generation. The end product is the flue gas containing substantially pure CO2 after moisture condensation. The low excess oxygen necessary to achieve complete combustion in the combustor is scavenged by adding another fuel so that substantially all oxygen fed to the combustor is completely consumed. The capability to operate the transport oxy-combustor as a circulating fluidized bed combustor at very high solids circulation rates makes it unnecessary to use recycled CO2 or flue gas as a means to moderate and control the combustion temperature. The temperature in the combustor is effectively controlled by relatively cooler circulating solids that enter the combustion zone. A small amount of CO2 is recycled for aeration and to convey solids fuel to the combustor.

Abstract: A hot oxygen stream containing radicals is fed into a gas stream, such as a catalyst regenerator flue gas stream, that contains carbon monoxide to convert carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for injecting natural gas in an RTO. The RTO may be, for example, a known type that has a rotary distributor, a center section divided into pie-shaped segments above the rotary distributor, a heat exchanger section above the center section, and a combustion chamber above the heat exchanger. According to an aspect of the invention, the system introduces gas into segments of the center section in a sequenced manner via cycling on/off control valves. In a particular embodiment, the natural gas is injected at a specific location of a respective segment within the center section that is past the rotary distributor seals and directly under the bottom of the heat exchanger bed. According to the injection sequence, the injection of natural gas into the segment commences when the segment begins to receive inlet waste gas streams, and injection ceases before the flow through the sector changes or stops.

Abstract: A combustion system for combusting air and fuel includes a primary combustion zone configured to produce combustion gases from the air and the fuel and an intermediate air zone downstream from the primary combustion zone. The intermediate air zone is configured to inject an intermediate air stream into the combustion gases. The combustion system further includes a burnout zone downstream from the intermediate air zone, wherein the burnout zone is configured to inject an overfire air stream into the combustion gases, and at least one hybrid-boosted air injector within at least one of the intermediate air zone and the burnout zone. The at least one hybrid-boosted air injector is configured to substantially simultaneously inject a boosted air stream and a windbox air stream into the combustion gases.

Abstract: A system when installed in-line with a pollution source provides reduction and/or complete combustion of harmful emissions generated there from. Such emissions including (but not limited to) compounds such as oxides of nitrogen, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, odors, organic and inorganic particulates. The pollution source can be of any type, such as smoke from a smokestack, engine exhaust, etc. The re-burner system is of very simple construction, is extremely energy efficient and does not require any moving parts or maintenance, respectively.

Abstract: A hot oxygen stream containing radicals is fed into a gas stream, such as a catalyst regenerator flue gas stream, that contains carbon monoxide to convert carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A low oxygen vortex burner is provided. With the use of exhaust gas discharged from a combined boiler internal combustion engine as a supply source of air for re-combustion, it is possible to have the exhaust gas discharged in a state of complete combustion and to suppress the pollution of the natural environment due to the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A method of combusting ammonia is described, in which an exhaust gas containing varying amounts of at least ammonia and hydrogen is conveyed from a chamber to a combustion nozzle (34) connected to a combustion chamber (36). A combustion gas for forming a combustion flame within the chamber is supplied to the chamber. Depending on the relative amounts of ammonia and hydrogen exhaust from the chamber, hydrogen is added to the exhaust gas so that, when the exhaust gas contains ammonia, the gas combusted by the flame contains at least a predetermined amount of hydrogen.

Abstract: A fireplace afterburner is presented including a shell having a first open shell end for receiving fireplace emissions and a second open shell end for expelling fireplace emissions, a flue inside said shell having a first flue end which can be closed, and a second flue end which is open, wherein when the first flue end is closed fireplace emissions flow around said flue, and wherein when said first flue end is open fireplace emission flow through said flue, a heating element connected to said shell and encircling said flue, wherein said heating element heats emissions that pass in proximity to the element, and a catalyst bed connected to said shell and encircling said flue. A method for reducing products of incomplete combustion in fireplace emissions is presented including receiving fireplace emissions into a shell, heating said fireplace emissions to at least 1501° F. (816° C.), reacting said fireplace emissions with a catalyst substrate, and releasing the results of said reaction from said shell.

Abstract: A device for gasifying biomass waste has two each of primary chambers, fume transfer vents, mixing chambers which accept fumes from the primary chamber, afterburner chambers in fluid communication with the mixing chambers, and an exhaust duct. Each secondary burner produces an initial heating flame within a vertical portion of the respective afterburner chamber, and secondary chambers are in fluid communication with the afterburner chambers. Heated gases from the afterburner chambers cause heating of the secondary chambers. A portion of each primary chamber has a heat conductive floor superimposed over the respective secondary chamber, and the partition between the primary chambers is heat conductive, so that conductive and convective heating of the primary chambers occurs.

Abstract: The present invention provides an incinerator and a method of firing an incinerator. The incinerator is provided with an oxygen fuel burner. The incinerator is fed with a exhaust stream that includes various impurities such as NOx, CHO2, NH3, and C6H5OH. The exhaust gasses are heated to a temperature high enough to react the impurities to form benign compounds such as CO2, H2O and N2. The burner may be fed with a rich fuel air mixture to improve combustion and to reduce the amount of oxygen required. The flow of gaseous fuel and oxygen to the oxygen-fuel burner are controlled such that the oxygen is less than the stoichiometric ratio required to drive the combustion reaction to completion. The reaction therefore relies upon oxygen within the exhaust stream to drive the combustion reaction to completion. The invention provides an exhaust stream with fewer impurities while consuming less oxygen and fuel therefore cutting operational costs.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermal generator comprising a furnace tube (2) wherein a fuel is burnt, recombustion means (14, 15) for reducing the nitrogen oxides content present in said fumes and means (3) for recovering the heat of the fumes resulting from said combustion. The invention is characterized in that recombustion means (14, 15) are arranged in containment means (11).

Abstract: A gasifier system and process comprises a pulse combustion device in communication with a fluid channel for producing a gas stream having heat or fuel value. The pulse combustion device is operated under sub-stoichiometric conditions such that combustion and steam reforming both occur in the fluid channel. The pulse combustion device also produces a pulsating combustion product stream and an acoustic pressure wave. The acoustic pressure wave serves to cause agglomeration of particles contained within the combustion stream for easy removal. In one embodiment, a sulfur capturing agent is injected into the fluid channel for not only removing sulfur from the combustion product stream but for also facilitating particle agglomeration. Ultimately, a gas stream containing hydrogen is produced that may be used in various processes, such as in the production of electricity.

Abstract: In the manufacture of cement clinker from cement raw meal, sulfide-containing raw materials or raw materials with a high TOC (total organic carbon) level can be used for cement manufacture, which are uncontrollably incompletely burned in the upper cyclone of a heat exchange line, thus leading to high emissions of CO, VOC (volatile organic carbon), and S2− in the waste gas. To reduce or completely eliminate such elevated emissions, an oxidation zone is provided in an waste gas duct downstream of the heat exchange line in the gas flow path, having an afterburner, the waste gas being caused positively to pass through open flames of the afterburner to assure the economical oxidation of the waste gas.

Abstract: A sloping fuel grate allows primary air to flow up into a thick biomass fuel bed in a gasifier producing combustible gases. Fuel feed screws keep the fuel bed at a nearly constant height in response to a level indicator. A burner above the fuel bed admits swirling secondary air and combustible gases, burning the gases to produce a flame to heat a boiler or other heat applying device. A donut shaped collar in the burner prevents gases from leaking back into the burner. A programmable logic controller maintains the system at a desired optimum level of operation based on signals from oxygen, moisture, pressure, temperature and fuel bed height sensors. The controller sends signals to controls for primary air valves and dampers, fuel feeder, and an induced draft fan and optional combined primary and secondary air fan controlling the pressure and flow of air and gases for the system.

Abstract: A burner that utilizes venturi action for induction of combustion air. The action of the venturi draws in surrounding air present around the nozzle to supply the necessary combustion air, provide forward moment to the burning gases to distribute their heat, and control the location of the heat release. The burner can thus be used to accomplish fuel gas injection directly into the combustion chamber of an oxidizer, and does not require a separate gas train or suffer from the other various drawbacks typical of conventional fuel gas injection systems. A stable flame is generated, and efficient heat-up accomplished. No extra combustion air is necessary.

Abstract: An incineration process and an incinerator using heat generated from combustion to bake and sublimate waste to produce gas as for burning waste is designed to use heat generated from the gas as burning chamber in the baking process and to allow waste to emit inflammable gas to be used as fuel in the gas burning chamber without using any other kind of fuel. The baked waste will be burned until it becomes charcoal in the burning chamber while its ash will be continuously removed and more waste continuously fed into the burning chamber. With this process, high temperature, low pollution, and budget savings will result.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for high velocity injection of a stream of fluid fuel into a stream of NOX containing combustion effluents downstream of a primary combustion zone, without the use of recirculated flue gas or other carrier gas. The apparatus includes a fuel introducing member that has a fuel receiving end for receiving fluid fuel from a fuel source and a fuel injection end for injecting the fluid fuel into the stream of combustion effluents. A fuel passage is in fluid communication with the fuel receiving end and the fuel injection end of the fuel introducing member. A means for increasing the velocity of the fluid fuel, without the need of a carrier gas, is associated with the fuel introducing member.

Abstract: Various smoke and combustible gas combustors (200, 300) are disclosed, and also disclosed are systems (100, 200) combining gas combustor with inventive burner. Such a burner (100 or 100′) provides combustion of a particulate fuel such as sawdust, and many types of varying moisture content biomass fuels such as poultry litter. The combustors and burners exhibit a high turndown ratio [‘TDR”].

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning pollutant-laden waste gas by regenerative thermal afterburning has two towers (1, 2) each divided into three heat-retaining chambers (14 to 16 and 17 to 19) by vertical partitions (10 to 13). Two opposite heat-retaining chambers (14 to 16 and 17 to 19) of the towers (1, 2) are connected by one switching chamber (26, 27, 28) in each case, said chambers being disposed between a loaded gas supply channel (29) and a clean gas removal channel (23). For alternately supplying loaded gas to two opposite heat-retaining chambers of the towers and removing clean gas from two other opposite heat-retaining chambers of the towers, each switching chamber (26, 27, 28) is adapted to be connected alternatively with the loaded gas supply channel (29) and the clean gas removal channel (23) by shut-off devices (50, 52, 53) operated with a control unit.

Abstract: A method of combustion in a pressurized, fluidized bed and in the freeboard thereof. The combustion method is further characterized by the recirculation of solid sulfur absorbing materials. A gas channel, designed so as to prevent fluidizing gas from entering the channel from below, is provided such that it opens to the freeboard and to a separating member which separates particulate matter from the combustion gasses.

Abstract: In a furnace having a primary combustion zone for combustion of a fuel and oxidant, an in-furnace method for reducing nitrogen oxides in combustion products generated in the primary combustion zone in which at least one fluid fuel selected from the group consisting of natural gas, hydrogen, CxHy compounds, CxHyOz compounds and mixtures thereof in an amount in a range of about 2.0% to about 25% of a total heat input to the furnace and at least one nitrogenous compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia, amines, urea, cyanuric acid and mixtures thereof are injected into the furnace downstream of the primary combustion zone, forming an overall fuel-lean NOx-reduction zone.

Abstract: A process for the incineration of particulate solids, especially biological waste matter with low caloric value, feeds the solids into a combustion chamber of a furnace together with a sub-stoichiometric amount of fresh air to control the rate of combustion and to inhibit the formation of sintered ash. The furnace for implementing the process can be a cyclone furnace having a primary combustion chamber with a first feed inlet for the solids and air and a second air inlet positioned between the first inlet and an exhaust gas outlet. A supply tube extends through the exhaust gas outlet of the primary combustion chamber to supply a source of fresh air at ambient temperature to maintain the primary combustion chamber at a desired temperature. The fresh air maintains the furnace temperature at least at about 850° C. and generally at about 850° C. to less than about 1100° C.

Abstract: A method for incineration and an incinerator for composition of exhaust gases containing organic substances, the incinerator comprising an elongated, preferably cylindrical combustion chamber, an oil or gas fired burner with a flame-tube axially centrally at one end of the combustion chamber, a flue gas outlet pipe provided at the end of the combustion chamber opposite to the burner for the flue gases produced during incineration, and an inlet conduit connected to the side of the combustion chamber for the exhaust gases to be decomposed, wherein the inlet feed pipe opens or discharges in the combustion chamber in proximity to the burner. The incinerator is characterized by a conduction/deflection plate (36), adjacent the input conduit (24), for pre-heating the exhaust gases flowing by.

Abstract: A gasifier is disclosed. The gasifier comprises a primary chamber for receiving therein biomass waste material and other related volatile solids to be gasified. A fume transfer vent permits the escape of fumes from the primary chamber. A mixing chamber accepts the fumes from the fume transfer vent. The fumes then flow to an afterburner chamber where a burner member produces a heating flame so as to cause the additional full oxidization of the constituents of the fumes so as to oxidize the constituents. A partitioning wall is disposed between the flame chamber and the primary chamber so as to preclude the heating flame from entering the primary chamber and to also preclude the radiation from the heating flame from directly entering the primary chamber, thereby precluding direct contact and physical disturbance of the waste material. A heat transfer chamber in fluid communication with the afterburner chamber accepts the fully oxidized fumes therefrom.

Abstract: A water-cooled cremating platform for use in a cremating stove includes a metallic upper plate, a metallic main body and a metallic side plate. The upper plate is removably positioned on an open upper side of the main body for holding a dead body to be cremated. The main body has several guide plates spaced apart to form a water route for a flow of cooling water. The side plate is affixed to the main body, and has an air exit, an overflow outlet, a water inlet and a water outlet in open communication with the water route. Radiating chips are provided, extending from bottom of the upper plate into the water route such that the upper plate can be cooled down very rapidly after cremation before the next step of collecting of ashes, to be started without a substantial delay.

Abstract: A regenerative thermal oxidizer (H-101) includes a number of heat exchange columns (A, B) topped by a combustion chamber (C-101). Contaminated air is directed into one of the columns and oxidation is completed as the flow passes through the combustion chamber (C-101). From the combustion chamber (C-101), the now clean air flows vertically downward through another column and then is directed via an outlet through an outlet manifold and released to atmosphere or recirculated back to the oxidizer (H-101). A combustible fuel is added to the contaminated air prior to its entry into one of the columns. The addition of the combustible fuel is regulated by continuously monitoring the inlet and outlet temperatures (TE-101A, TE-108A), and comparing a difference between these temperatures to a predetermined value. Further control can be achieved by measuring the flow of contaminated air to the oxidizer (H-101) via pressure differential and coordinating that measurement with the temperature differential measurement.

Abstract: An emission control system for an asphalt kettle combines a number of features to increase efficiency and convenience of operation, while minimizing potential safety hazards. The asphalt kettle is connected via a duct to a separate afterburner device equipped with a fan. This fan pulls fumes from a hood of the kettle through the duct to the afterburner device. The fan then pushes the fumes into a combustion chamber housed in the afterburner device. The combustion chamber includes an air port having an outlet proximate to the burner for furnishing a supply of fresh air to the flame to prevent its being extinguished by the rapid movement of gas through the combustion chamber. The afterburner device may include a one-way valve that prevents backdraft of ignited fumes from the combustion chamber into the kettle due to negative pressure within the kettle. The afterburner device may also include a temperature sensor that shuts down the fan in the event of kettle ignition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for heat treating of hazardous waste by heating the waste in a pyrolyzing chamber and forming an off-gas, heating the off-gas for a sufficient time to destroy dioxins and furans, then reducing and cooling the off-gas in a secondary treating chamber having a graphite stack and recovering metallics by distillation.

Abstract: A cremator comprises a primary combustion chamber for receiving through a charge door thereof a coffin or other object to be cremated and being provided with a first burner, a secondary combustion chamber (e.g. in the form of a tube of thermally conductive material) in communication with the primary combustion chamber and being provided with a second burner, and a retention chamber in communication with the secondary combustion chamber for temporarily retaining heated waste gases exhausted from the secondary and primary combustion chambers before passing to a waste flue, characterised in that at least a portion of the secondary combustion chamber is located within the retention chamber, whereby gases retained in the retention chamber are heated (preferably to a temperature of at least 850.degree. C.) at least partly by direct heating from the secondary combustion chamber. This improved constructional design provides for a more compact and fuel-efficient dual combustion chamber-type cremator.

Abstract: A method of reducing NO.sub.x determines an NO.sub.x concentration profile within a zone of the furnace which is at a temperature below 2600.degree. F. A stream of fluid fuel is injected into at least one region of relatively high NO.sub.x concentration so that the fluid fuel mixes therein with the flue gas. The fluid fuel is natural gas, hydrogen, C.sub.x H.sub.y compounds, C.sub.x H.sub.y O.sub.z compounds or mixtures primarily of those compounds, in sufficient quantity to promote a reaction between nitrogen oxide in the flue gas and the fluid fuel, so as to substantially reduce nitrogen oxide content of the flue gas. The injector through which the fluid fuel is injected can be moveable and may have valves or deflectors to aid in directing the fluid fuel to regions of relatively high NO.sub.x concentration.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for combustion of a solid carbonaceous material, for example coal, in which a mixture of the solid carbonaceous material and combustion air is injected into a combustion chamber and ignited, thereby forming a fuel-lean primary combustion zone. A gaseous fuel is injected into the combustion chamber in a region downstream of the primary combustion zone, thereby forming a fuel-lean secondary combustion zone. Temperature in the secondary combustion zone is in the range of about 1800.degree. F. to 2400.degree. F.

Abstract: A low-pollutant system for waste materials treatment includes a process chamber for converting organic components of the waste materials into a flammable gas and a two-stage vortex burning chamber for complete combustion of the flammable gas. The vortex burning chamber includes a first substantially-horizontal combustion chamber and a second substantially-vertical combustion chamber disposed at a right angle to each other and communicating therebetween. The first combustion chamber has an inlet portion for receiving the flammable combustion gas from the gas generator means for injecting primary air into the first combustion chamber, thereby forming a mixture of air and the flammable gas and thereby igniting the mixture for partial oxidation thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus for self cleaning a thermal oxidizer that is thermally treating and decontaminating gases is disclosed. The apparatus for self cleaning the thermal oxidizer can clean the accumulated dust out from inside the thermal oxidizer without requiring disassembly of the unit. The apparatus for self cleaning can also accomplish this cleaning cycle without interrupting the normal operation of the thermal oxidizer. Dust cleaned out from the apparatus for self cleaning the thermal oxidizer is decontaminated by the same thermal treatment that decontaminates the gases processed by the thermal oxidizer. Many of the existing thermal oxidizers already in operation can be retrofitted to become self cleaning thermal oxidizers. It is also possible to include the apparatus for self cleaning in a new thermal oxidizer.