Abstract: A system and techniques for waste oil combustion are provided. The techniques include straining waste oil, separating contaminants from the strained waste oil to produce segregated layers of waste oil, selectively drawing a segregated layer of the waste oil, entraining the drawn waste oil to a burner for combustion, and regulating flow rate to produce a controllable amount of heat output. The system includes a container for straining waste oil, a storage drum for separating contaminants from the strained waste oil via gravity separation to produce segregated waste oil, an oil uptake channel for entraining the waste oil from the storage drum, a fuel regulator for controlling rate of flow of the waste oil from the storage drum to a burner head via the oil uptake channel, and a burner head control for repositioning a burner head under the input stream to produce a controllable amount of heat output.

Abstract: A method including obtaining biogas, treated water and oxygen from sewage and various wastes; feeding a boiler: in a first step, with biogas and oxygen, and in a second step, with treated water supplied at a very high pressure to the injectors of the boiler, while maintaining an input of biogas; producing superheated steam at a temperature above 650° C. and low humidity in a heat exchanger heated by the boiler; driving, by the produced steam, a steam turbine connected to an electric generator; and condensing the steam from the turbine and recirculating it to the heat exchanger.

Abstract: Biosolids in the nature of sewage sludge is processed in a controlled environment to produce a dried sludge product of relatively high dry solid content with the elimination of or reduced levels of pathogens. The water containing sewage sludge is dried while cascading within a processing chamber using heated air at a temperature below the ignition or smoldering temperature of the sewage sludge to prevent the formation of embers. The sewage sludge before discharge is retained within the processing chamber for a sufficient time and temperature as mandated by the Environment Protection Agency rules and guidelines.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the conversion of biomass into a biomass product which is suitable for use as a fuel. The biomass is of plant origin and comprises microorganisms naturally occurring in the biomass. The process comprises—preparing a slurry by dispersing the biomass comprising the naturally occurring microorganisms in an aqueous liquid, maintaining the slurry at conditions suitable for aerobic digestion by the microorganisms to obtain a slurry comprising the biomass product as a dispersed solid phase, and—recovering the biomass product. The recovering comprises washing and drying the biomass product. The invention also provides a combustion process.

Abstract: A method for torrefaction of water containing cellulosic materials is performed in an inert atmosphere. The cellulosic material is cascaded through the apparatus between a plurality of rotatable trays vertically stacked within multiple processing zones. Steam being generated from heating of the cellulosic material is recycled back to the apparatus to provide an inert atmosphere. The steam may be superheated in a heat exchanger. Exhaust from the torrefaction zone of the apparatus has some moisture and other volatiles removed prior to being reheated in a burner. The heated exhaust is used in the heat exchanger to superheat the recycled steam.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for heating a fluid and treating a combustion products waste stream includes two or more nozzles discharging into a mixing chamber, and an outlet of the mixing chamber discharging to a gas-liquid separator. A liquid output of the gas-liquid separator may be treated to remove carbonaceous or other impurities. The nozzles may include an annular nozzle, Fisenko nozzle, and/or Laval nozzle arranged in a transonic jet module. A heated input liquid may be accelerated to sonic velocity in a main nozzle, causing boiling due to pressure drop prior to mixing with a combustion product stream in the mixing chamber. Heat may be recovered from a mixture discharged from the mixing chamber. Carbonic, sulfuric, or other combustion impurities may be captured by dissolving in water or other solvent in the transonic jet module and then recovered or otherwise used in a liquid stream from the separator.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for disposing wastes comprising the steps of conducting a hydrothermal decomposition reaction of the wastes, separating the products into a solid fuel and waste water, combusting the solid fuel, scrubbing the combustion gas, generating steam using the heat generated by the combustion, and purifying the waste water, exhibit a high energy-efficiency, while exhibiting a high removal rate of the pollutants generated during the combustion.

Abstract: A system for recycling solid waste into energy includes a heated enclosure 66, one or more input conveyors 60, 67 move waste materials through the heated enclosure, provide a flow line with a temperature gradient of at least 150 F.°, and mechanically move the waste particles and the residual solids along the flow line. A heated rotary drum 74 is in fluid communication with the flow line, and condenser unit 94, 98 receive vapors from the flow line and the rotary drum and output hydrocarbons. One or more discharge conveyors 76 discharge carbon black from the rotary drum. Control valves 80, 82 seal a vacuum downstream from the discharge conveyors, and control valves 34, 46 seal vacuum upstream from the one or more input conveyors. Various types of vacuum pumps may be used to maintain a selected vacuum between the control valves.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the collection of food and energy production units with attendant processing units into an integrated system capable of substantially boosting the efficiency and economics of food and energy production while greatly reducing the impact on the environment. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the system and process further includes sufficient land area for crop production and uptake of nutrients and water.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for coal pyrolysis pretreatment. The apparatus is made up of a pretreatment vessel for holding a bed of coal particles, a preheater for heating the bed of coal particles to a temperature below the coal pyrolysis temperature range and an oxygen remover for removing oxygen released from the heated coal particles. The apparatus can also have a flue gas source as an oxygen removal sweep gas to the bed of coal, a collector for collecting non-condensable combustible gases, and the preheater having a furnace holding ceramic balls which are circulated from the furnace to the bed of coal particles. The process involves heating the bed of coal particles to a temperature below the coal pyrolysis temperature range and preventing air from contacting the bed of coal particles in addition to collecting non-condensable combustible gases or the preheating step accomplished by having a furnace holding ceramic balls which are circulated from the furnace to the bed of coal particles.

Abstract: The present invention is a waste incinerating method and a device for the method, characterized in that, using a combustion furnace (111) incorporating a high temperature resistant coil-shaped flue (117) and having flue heating means and a thermo sensor (128), while maintaining the temperature inside the flue at a high temperature by suppressing an air feed amount and a temperature of the heating means, exhaust smoke produced by the combustion of waste is passed through the flue for complete combustion to completely eliminate the exhaust smoke. Because any harmful substance such as dioxin is not exhausted, the method and device are suitable as the incinerating method and incinerating device for inflammable waste.

Abstract: Processes and systems are provided that include introducing ammonia liberated from organic waste to a coal burner in a coal burning power plant, preferably for NOx removal at the power plant. The ammonia is preferably either ammonia liberated upon drying a mixture of organic waste and coal combustion by-products or ammonia liberated when organic waste is mixed with coal combustion by-products and one or more alkaline additives. Also provided are processes and systems of fueling a coal burner of a power plant with coal and either a dried mixture of organic waste and coal combustion by-products, or a mixture of organic waste, coal combustion by-products and one or more alkaline additives. The present invention is further directed to mixtures of either organic waste and coal combustion by-products, or mixtures of organic waste, coal combustion by-products and alkaline additives made by the processes of the present invention.

Abstract: Process for incinerating refuse derived fuels to obtain fuel gas therefrom by thermal cracking, comprising the following steps: subjecting the material to deaeration; advancing a bed of material within a vacuum environment insulated from the outside (thermal cracking chamber) and in which a temperature of between 400 DEG C. and 600 DEG C. is maintained by the countercurrent flow of hot gases which lap the material; feeding the material which has passed through the thermal cracking chamber to a reactor in order to be subjected to a temperature of between 1200 DEG C. and 1800 DEG C.; in proximity ot the entry end of said thermal cracking chamber, drawing off the gases generated by the thermal cracking together with the gases which have lapped the bed of material, in order to maintain the thermal cracking chamber under vacuum; feeding the drawn-off gases to the discharge conduit for the gases generated in the reactor; purifying and filtering the gases obtained in this manner for their use as fuel gases.

Abstract: A method according to the present invention for reducing the creation of dioxins during the burning of a biomass containing a contaminant, wherein the contaminant is solvated or neutralized in the presence of a corresponding solvent, includes the steps of prior to the burning or reacting (herein collectively referred to as burning) of the biomass, conveying the biomass and the solvent into a biomass washing means, washing the biomass in the solvent in the washing means, and once at least a portion of the contaminant has been washed from the biomass, conveying the biomass from the washing means and into a biomass burner, and conveying the solvent from the washing means.

Abstract: Solid combustible waste materials are converted into highly efficient fuel by subjecting such materials to size reduction in suitable size-reducing equipment. The last piece of the equipment is a mill which pulverizes the waste materials into fine particles having a high surface to mass ratio and forming a highly efficient fuel when these particles are directly injected into a combustion reactor operating at high temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for completely destroying documents having been shredded by document shredders, wherein the system comprises:

Abstract: A system and method for treating, injecting and co-combusting sludge in a municipal waste or other solid fuel combustor. The system includes a sludge receiving and treatment module and a sludge injection and combustion module. The sludge is received and stored in one or more storage hoppers where its moisture content is monitored and varied to obtain a sludge having a desired moisture content. The treated sludge is then pumped to a furnace injection nozzle where it is preferably atomized with steam and sprayed into the combustion zone of the furnace. Improved odor control in sludge handling is also provided by a storage tank and a sludge tanker trailer each having an air diffuser for mixing and aerating the sludge and a filter system for filtering odors.

Abstract: A method of disposing of combustible materials. The method includes the steps of: providing a heating space; providing a first source to generate heat to a first predetermined level at a first location in the heating space sufficient to reconstitute the combustible materials to a molten slag at the first location and so that heat generated by the first source elevates the temperature at a second location within the heating space to a second predetermined heat level that is below the predetermined heat level and high enough to cause combustion of the combustible materials; directing combustible materials to the second location at which the combustible materials are combusted to produce ash; and causing the ash to be directed to the first location to be reconstituted as molten slag.

Abstract: A gasification and melting furnace for wastes has a vertically movable furnace center lance disposed along the axis of the furnace and adapted to blow off a combustion sustaining gas downward into the furnace. One or more stages of upper tuyeres are disposed so that the angle at which the combustion sustaining gas is blown off into the furnace is displaced from the furnace axis direction, and one or more stages of lower tuyeres projected into the furnace so as to blow off a combustion sustaining gas or both combustion sustaining gas and fuel toward the furnace axis. Formation of a low temperature region in the furnace are prevented and a fire spot is concentrated on the combustion of wastes. As a result, molten slag and various metals, as well as an energy gas, which are high in added value, can be recovered stably.

Abstract: The system for producing combustion ash of cellulose-containing wastes, provided with a kneading device 3 for kneading cellulose-containing wastes with a prescribed amount of liquid fuel oil, a molding device 5 for molding said kneaded mixture, and a combustion furnace 7 for burning said moldings, is characterized in that the humidity conditioning furnace 6 for adjusting the water content of said moldings is arranged between said molding device and said combustion furnace. Since the water content of said moldings is adjusted by the humidity conditioning furnace at the time of burning said moldings, the organic substances (cellulose or the like) are burned almost perfectly. Consequently, the present invention has the advantage of being able to produce combustion ash of good quality without generating such combustion residue as graphite and black smoke.

Abstract: A process is provided for NOx, removal at coal burning power plants, which includes introducing ammonia that is liberated upon drying a mixture of organic waste, coal combustion by-products, and optionally lime, having a pH of at least 9.5, to a coal burner in the power plant. A process is also provided for fueling a coal burner of a power plant with coal and a dried mixture of organic waste and coal combustion by-products. The present invention is further directed to the dried mixture of organic waste and coal combustion by-products made by the processes of the present invention, which may optionally be used as a soil additive or as a supplemental fuel.

Abstract: Process for recycling of liquid carton waste material or other similar waste material having fibrous, metal and plastics materials. The process includes introducing the waste material and a slushing liquid into a slushing apparatus and slushing of the waste material to thereby form defibrated fibrous material therein. The treated waste material is then separated into (i) a fiber suspension which includes the defibrated fibrous material, and (ii) a reject portion which includes the metal and plastics materials. The obtained fiber suspension is cleaned and the fibrous material therein is reclaimed for further use. The reject portion is introduced into a fluidized bed gasifier so as to gasify the plastics therein to produce a hydrocarbon product gas, which is thereafter separated from the metal material.

Abstract: A waste treatment system for solidifying and increasing the speed at which manure would dry. The waste treatment system includes support members; and also includes an elongate tubular member being mounted upon the support members and having an inlet end and an outlet end and having a bore being disposed therethrough; and further includes a waste holding/compressing assembly being mounted to the elongate tubular member; and also includes an incineration/discharge assembly being disposed in and about the elongate tubular member for incinerating waste material.

Abstract: The chute is provided with a cutting apparatus which has a mating holder, a clamping slide and a cutting slide. To close the chute, the mating holder is moved inward approximately into the center of the chute and is locked. Then, the clamping slide is moved toward the mating holder, until ultimately they come into contact with one another and the chute is closed. If there is refuse between the mating holder and the clamping slide, and consequently the latter cannot reach its closed position, the cutting slide is activated, which cuts through the refuse clamped between the mating holder and clamping slide and bridges the gap between the mating holder and the clamping slide so as to form a seal.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for recovering raw materials, in particular heavy metals such as chromium, zinc, copper, lead, or nickel, by separation from waste and residues, wherein a liquid or viscous starting mixture and/or a starting mixture composed of crushed or ground components is first prepared. The invention is characterized in that the raw materials are separated by a thermochemical treatment. The liquid, viscous and/or solid starting mixture is first mixed with additives, depending on its composition, then subjected to a thermal treatment in an oven. The atmosphere in the oven flows through the starting mixture and the suspended materials thus generated as flakes or dust are conveyed out of the oven through a filter installation with several stages in which they are separated from the waste gas. The first filter is designed as a hot filter, after which the waste gas is cooled and after flowing through at least a second filter, pre-heated and then burnt at a high temperature.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for crushing waste gas cans between a pair of rotating rollers installed in a treatment chamber and removing the residual gas and residual liquid from the waste gas cans. The atmosphere in each of a waste gas can loading chamber, which is adjacent to the treatment chamber, the treatment chamber and a discharge chamber is replaced with an inert gas, thereby maintaining the oxygen concentration in the treatment chamber within a low range in which the residual gas will not burn explosively. Crushing of the waste gas cans is carried out while the oxygen concentration in the treatment chamber is within the low range. The pair of rotating rollers have two rotating shafts disposed approximately parallel to each other and sprocket wheels disposed on each rotating shaft at regular spacings.

Abstract: A sanitary waste disposal unit (1) including a scalable destruction chamber (11), a vacuum pump (23), a source of heat (15) and means (29) for the controlled introduction of air into the chamber (11). In use the waste is introduced on the chamber (11) which is then evacuated to remove substantially all the oxygen, and heated to sterilize the waste material to approximately 300-500° C. The chamber (11) is then cooled to approximately 150° C., a temperature sufficiently high enough to allow combustion of the waste material, which has been partially carbonized. A limited quantity of air is introduced into the chamber allowing combustion of the waste material and the combustion products are removed from the chamber.

Abstract: The present invention provides an incinerator for removing toxic substances contained in a flue gas. That is, there is here disclosed an incinerator for removing toxic substances in which a removal section for removing the toxic substances generated from a burning section is connected to the burning section for burning incineration substances, and an air flow of from the burning section to the removal section is prepared by a suction type negative pressure means or by an air duct type negative pressure means, so that a negative pressure condition is always maintained in the burning section.

Abstract: A method for treating at least one liquid fluid comprising a high water content, and including a volatile fraction and a heavy fraction, in order to separate said two fractions. Said method consists in burning at least one gas fluid, recuperating the heat released by said combustion for subsequently heating the liquid fluid. The heated liquid fluid is pressurised and then expanded so as to separate the volatile fraction from the heavy fraction. The volatile fraction is then burnt with the gas fluid. The heavy fraction is extracted from the process to be subsequently treated. The invention also concerns an installation for implementing the treatment method.

Abstract: A system and method for treating, injecting and co-combusting sludge in a municipal waste or other combustor is disclosed. The system includes a sludge receiving and treatment module and a sludge injection and combustion module. The sludge is received and stored in one or more storage hoppers where it is first diluted with a liquid and subsequently mixed to a desired homogeneous consistency suitable for pumping. The high liquid content sludge is then pumped to a furnace injection nozzle where it is preferably atomized with steam and sprayed into the combustion zone of the furnace. The disclosed system and method increases sludge moisture content and controls the solids content of the sludge to control furnace temperature.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing waste tire gasification in a negative ambient pressure environment includes a gasification unit, a combustion unit, and a connection pipe. The gasification unit includes a gasification chamber, at least one air vent, at least one gasification igniter, and a fan. The combustion unit includes a combustion chamber, and an exhaust pipe. The connection pipe connects the output of the gasification unit with the combustion unit. In operation, tires are placed inside the gasification chamber. The tires are ignited using the gasification igniter. The rapid oxidation of the tires is fed with the air entering the at least one air vent. Combustion gases generated from the oxidizing tires are pulled out of the gasification chamber through a vacuum pipe with the fan. The gases are pushed through the connection pipe in to the combustion chamber. The combustion gases are ignited in the combustion chamber with at least one combustion igniter.

Abstract: The invention concerns a plant for the thermolysis of waste products containing an organic fraction, and for simultaneous energetically upgrading these waste products comprising: a unit for loading and supplying the waste products to be treated; a thermolysis reactor for thermal dissociation under reduced pressure at high temperature. The invention is characterized in that it comprises: upstream and downstream of the reactor, a lock chamber for maintaining a partial vacuum in the reactor for ensuring thermolysis in an atmosphere with low oxygen content; first means for recuperating, in the upper part of the reactor, the organic gas fraction formed during thermolysis, and for bringing this fraction to a combustion chamber supplying a steam generator; second means for recuperating at the bottom of the reactor the solid carbon products formed during thermolysis, and for bringing these solid products to a combustion chamber supplying a steam generator or an evacuating system.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a method and an equipment for pyrolytic treatment of organic material comprising a supply storage receiving the organic material to be treated, a number of containers with meshlike walls, each to be charged with a batch of said organic material, a horizontal reactor with a charge gate in one end and a discharge gate in the opposite end, the interior of the reactor being divided by means of internal gates into at least a heating chamber, a pyrolysis chamber, and a cooling chamber, as well as a recovery storage for a solid pyrolytic residue of the organic material, i.e. the pyrolytic coke, the pyrolysis chamber being provided with an outlet pipe for generated pyrolytic gas terminating in a fractionating condenser, said condenser being provided with an outlet for each liquid fraction and an outlet pipe for uncondensed pure pyrolytic gas, which outlet pipe terminates in a gas tank.

Abstract: A method of blowing a synthetic resin material into a furnace comprising preparing a synthetic resin material having an average specific surface area of at least 50 m2/kg; and blowing the synthetic resin material from tuyeres of a shaft furnace for ironmaking.

Abstract: A rotatable fluidised bed incinerator comprises a rotatable combustion chamber, a means for rotating the combustion chamber, a means for introducing combustible material into the combustion chamber, and a means for introducing a gas into the combustion chamber to create a fluidised bed within the chamber. A flow area of the combustion chamber remains substantially constant or increases with decreasing chamber radius.

Abstract: A municipal or like refuse, from which large articles of metals have been removed, is mixed with an alkaline substance like limestone preferably in a triple screw mixer, and then advanced along the pyrolysis path in which the refuse mixture is subjected to heat from combustion gases from an incineration chamber therebelow. A portion of the pyrolyzed product is recycled to the upstream side of that path and the remainder of the pyrolyzed product is scrubbed with an aqueous medium, e.g. water and/or aqueous acetic acid and the washed pyrolyzed product is then incinerated to produce the combustion gas.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the storage of heterogeneous wastes in holding or supply dumps, such as rubbish bunkers or suitable rubbish containers, prior to its removal and subsequent thermal utilization or some other processing technique. By introducing a variable flow of inert gas consisting essentially of nitrogen and carbon dioxide into the rubbish bunker, fires and gas explosions are practically excluded, aerobic decomposition processes are suppressed, and anaerobic decomposition is retarded. Using a variable flow of inert gas also prevents the further formation of dioxins and furans in a subsequent thermal utilization, as well as reliably preventing vermin from attacking the rubbish. By avoiding or at least significantly reducing these disturbances in the bunker zone, disposal safety is significantly increased.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device, and a process for its charging, for carrying out high-temperature recycling for heterogeneously occurring waste in compact packages. The compact packages are introduced into a heated channel for evaporation of liquids and slightly fluid materials as well as to partly decompose them. The invention is characterized by a temperature insulating mouthpiece interconnecting the reactor and the channel for limiting the conduction of heat from the reactor to the channel. Accordingly, packages may be serially forced through the channel and into the reactor while maintaining the packages in sealing engagement with the channel to prevent reduction in the predetermined cross section in response to high temperatures transmitted from the reactor.

Abstract: A system and process to provide integrated control for the pyrolytic composition of organic (biomass) waste products especially for municipal solid waste systems. The system includes integrated control that monitors biomass waste stream throughout the entire system and the products produced therefrom and includes presorting, controlling the amount of material processed in a continuous manner, shredding, removing moisture in a continuous process that is controlled and providing the waste stream to the distillation unit for pyrolytic action where it is converted into gaseous fuel and a char residue. The gaseous fuel is scrubbed clean and monitored and stored and reused to provide heat to the system. The entire system may be self-sustaining and continuous with very little or no human intervention. An integrated real time computer control system includes sensors and measuring devices with all the major components to ensure integrated efficiency.

Abstract: An industrial waste and household waste is treated by a pyrolysis step for carbonizing waste containing organic substance in a condition sealed from an air so as to separate to a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue; a gas cracking step for introducing the pyrolysis gas after the pyrolysis step so as to react an oxide component in the pyrolysis gas through an oxidization reaction and thermally decompose high molecular hydrocarbon in the pyrolysis gas with a heat generated by the oxidization reaction so as to obtain a cracked gas containing low molecular hydrocarbon; a residue cooling step for cooling the pyrolysis residue generated in the pyrolysis step for solidification; a mechanical processing step for crushing and sorting the pyrolysis residue solidified in the residue cooling step so as to obtain a pyrolysis char essentially consisting of pyrolysed organic substance and inorganic components; and a smelting and gasifying step for burning the pyrolysis char obtained in the mechanical processing step at a

Abstract: A waste tire incinerating and post-treatment system in which waste tires are continuously and efficiently burned. The system includes a waste tire reservoir tank, a hoist, a conveyor system, a tire-size sensing system, an incinerating part, a waste oil purifying part, a waste gas purifying part, and an incineration residual material treating part. Waste tires are accumulated in a waste tire reservoir tank before their incineration. A hoist transfers the waste tires from the waste tank reservoir to a conveyor system. The conveyor system conveys waste tires to an incinerating part. A sensing system senses the size of individual tires on the conveyor system to create tire size data. This size data is used to control and optimize the rate of feeding the waste tires into the incinerating furnace. The incinerating part further includes a material removal mechanism for removing incineration residual materials.

Abstract: A process for feeding solid industrial and special waste to combustion installations. The waste materials are separated from the combustion chamber by a lock system, are comminuted and homogenized in an inert-gas atmosphere.

Abstract: An apparatus for blowing synthetic resin into a furnace including a first processing line for processing film-shaped synthetic resins into a granular synthetic resin material; a second processing line for processing non-film-shaped synthetic resins into a granular synthetic resin material; a primary storage silo; and a blowing station for supplying the granular synthetic resin material into a furnace.

Abstract: A method of wood waste disposal which regulates factors such as the amount of wood residue being fed to an incinerator at any given time so that wood residue from a mill is processed promptly and efficiently without compromising the efficient operation of the incinerator. The wood residue is separated into at least two fractions, the first fraction being directed to a storage bin for later use as required, and the second fraction being directed to the incinerator. During periods of slack feed of the second fraction to the incinerator, portions of the first fraction, as required, are directed to the incinerator as make-up, in order to maintain an optimal range of incinerator conditions by manipulating the volume and flow of wood residue in cooperation with manipulating other factors.

Abstract: An animal carcass incineration process comprising the steps of: providing a large hopper with a large spring loaded trap door at the top, a series of stationary and rotating blades in the center and a second set of spring loaded doors below. The hopper features a double walled construction which serves to keep the blade drive gears and rollers away from the carcasses as they are being processed through the rotating blades. The carcass hopper blade assembly incorporates a slide out drawer allowing the entire unit to slide out for maintenance and cleaning. A ramp is provided that leads to the top of the hopper to allow a rendering truck to dump carcasses directly into the hopper. A large pipe is provided with an opening beneath the bottom of the hopper and includes a hydraulically driven auger for forcing the shredded carcasses upward along the pipe. A very hot exhaust gas pipe is vented into the auger pipe and is used for removing moisture from the carcass to be burned.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing and recycling CCA (copper, chrome, arsenic) treated wood chips that includes a vertical reaction chamber into which a continuous stream of wood chips is poured. Hot gases at about 400.degree. C. are introduced into the bottom of the column to heat the chips below their ignition point. The combustion gases flow upwardly through the chips to progressively cool the gases and allow them to condense in the column. The condensate is deposited upon the surface of the chips and the gases, which are now free of heavy metals, are evacuated from the column.

Abstract: A refuse recycling system which recycles municipal waste as energy, includes a shredder for shredding the waste and removing rejects via a feed pipe to a circulating fluidized bed reactor, the reactor producing flue gases. The reactor includes a side dense fluidized bed situated on the wall of the reactor which is provided with the feed pipe, the side dense fluidized bed extracting non-fluidizable heavy elements and transporting them to a coarse-particle sorter apparatus via an extraction duct disposed at a base of the side dense fluidized bed. At least a portion of the rejects from the shredder is fed into the coarse-particle sorter apparatus. The coarse-particle sorter apparatus cools the elements and extracts non-fluidizable inert matter from the elements, the remaining matter being fed back into the reactor. A module for recovering energy and for treating the flue gases output by said reactor is connected downstream from the reactor.

Abstract: A process of recycling unsorted batteries. The unsorted batteries are led from a feeding bunker through a shredder directly into a rotary furnace as they arrive from the disposal collection. The shredded batteries are oxidatively burned at a temperature from 400.degree. C. to 900.degree. C. The resulting combustion gases are led via a gas cleansing installation consisting of a dust filter, wet washing filter and active charcoal filter. The oxidized product of combustion resulting from the combustion is fed to a metal winning process. The product of combustion may be burned once again in a further or later step by the rotary furnace after mixing with a reducing substance, coal, after which the resulting reductive product of combustion may again be fed to the metal winning process.

Abstract: An apparatus for recycling municipal waste as energy includes a shredder for shredding the waste, and removing rejects, the rejects from the shredder being sorted into a first stream of inert matter that is substantially unpolluted with organic matter and into a second stream of inert matter that is substantially polluted with either organic matter or with combustible heavy elements; a first outlet for removing the second stream of inert matter; a circulating fluidized bed reactor for receiving the shredded waste and producing gases with solid particles therein; a cyclone for separating out the solid particles and receiving the gases output by the reactor; a recuperator boiler into which the gases output by the cyclone are discharged and which is provided with a first set of heat exchangers, the boiler including a dust-filtering hopper; a second outlet for removing the solid particles from the dust-filtering hopper; a second set of heat exchangers disposed in a chamber into which the gases are fed after trans

Abstract: Combustible is comminuted and dried, and metal and noncombustible are removed from the coarsely comminuted combustible. Then, the combustible is secondarily comminuted and separated into coarse combustible and fluff which is fine combustible. The coarse combustible of the separated combustible is fed onto a fire grate (2) of a refuse incinerator (1), and burned in flat bed combustion in a primary combustion chamber (4). On the other hand, the fluff is burned in suspended combustion in a secondary combustion chamber (7) with a combustion fluff burner (5) for incinerating combustible. Thus, refuse containing much plastics which is formed into fluff can be efficiently disposed of, whereby the amount of incineration is increased as a whole.