Abstract: A hazardous waste incineration system is provided in which a series of interconnected combustion chambers are employed to obtain successively higher temperatures in successive chambers, the gaseous products of combustion in each chamber being supplied to the next chamber in the series to act as a high temperature environment and promote the burning of hazardous wastes in successive chambers which require successively higher temperatures to become volatilized and break down into their constituent elements. Preferably, the successive chambers have successively larger volumes so that successively greater amounts of hazardous wastes, which may be of successively lower heat values and require successively higher temperatures to be broken down, may be burned in the successive combustion chambers of the series.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for fluidized bed incineration of waste containing phosphorus wherein the bed comprises lime or limestone which negates heretofore existing problems incident to the presence of phosphorus.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for fluidized bed incineration of waste containing phosphorus wherein the bed comprises lime or limestone which negates heretofore existing problems incident to the presence of phosphorus.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a water solution of a waste material containing a salt with smelt-water explosion characteristics comprises an open-bottomed incinerator and a gas-liquid separator disposed beneath the incinerator in fluid-flow communication therewith. The waste solution is sprayed into the incinerator and heated therein so that the salt in the solution is fused, water vaporized and organic components of the solution burned. The combustion gases and water vapor flow downwardly into the separator, while the fused salt forms a deposit on the inner surface of the incinerator and flows downwardly into the separator. At the junction between the incinerator and separator, cooling water is fed to the fused salt so that the deposit of salt is solidified and cracked into separate masses which fall together with the cooling water onto an inclined baffle member disposed in the separator and roll downwardly on the baffle member.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for incinerating hazardous wastes through the use of a high temperature incineration process. According to the method of the present invention, substantially pure oxygen is preheated by partial combustion with a fuel such as kerosene. The partial combustion of the oxygen preheats the oxygen to a temperature which is sufficient to produce a hypergolic reaction when the oxygen is mixed with additional fuel. Turbulent flow is produced in the oxygen and simultaneously, a mixture of fuel and hazardous waste is atomized into the turbulent preheated oxygen, thereby quickly mixing the fuel, hazardous wastes, and oxygen. A hypergolic reaction is produced, producing high temperatures which break down the hazardous wastes. The apparatus of the present invention includes a oxygen pre-heater which partially combusts the oxygen and a cylindrical incinerator shell. A oxidant injector plate is disposed between the oxygen preheater and the incinerator shell.

Abstract: Two regimes of vertical shaft furnace operation can be employed to slag encapsulate hazardous chemical wastes. One of these is similar to a method applicable to radioactive wastes, involving the pouring of hot molten slag from a Coal Reactor over the hazardous matter contained in a suitable designed crucible. The other method is especially appropriate for the treatment of chemical wastes that have become mixed with a great deal of soil or other diluent as must be handled as in the case of the Love Canal incident. It consists of feeding the contaminated solid mass into the Coal Reactor with a predetermined amount of coal and limestone that will still admit an adequate heat balance to generate a carefully tailored slag to incorporate the reacted waste feedstock.

Abstract: A hazardous materials incineration system is disclosed which includes a solid waste combustor of the inclined, oscillating or rocking type and a liquid waste combustor suitable to incinerate wastes in liquid form. The combustion products from both the solid waste combustor and the liquid waste combustor are fed to an afterburner which is equipped with burners to maintain elevated temperatures throughout the length of the afterburner chamber. The products of combustion exit the afterburner into a conditioning unit which eliminates larger particulate matter, cools the combustion products and releases certain additives into the moving gas stream prior to entry into a baghouse. All neutralized salts are withdrawn at the baghouse and the gaseous baghouse effluent is directed to a further aqueous liquor contact apparatus prior to exhausting to atmosphere through a forced draft stack system.

Abstract: There is provided a furnace for incinerating nuclear fission and/or fertile material waste, particularly plutonium and/or uranium containing organic waste by pyrohydrolysis with steam or burning with air oxyen in safe geometry, said furnace comprising in combination a stationary cylindrical outer jacket having a funnel shape at the bottom thereof, a rotatable inner cylinder likewise terminating at the bottom in a funnel shape whose diameter is so regulated that the interval between the outer jacket and the inner cylinder guarantees a safe layer thickness and scrapers which are disposed on the inner surface of the outer jacket and the outer surface of the inner cylinder.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for treating radioactively contaminated solvent ste. The solvent waste is supplied to material such as peat, vermiculite, diaton, etc. This material effects the distribution or dispersion of the solvent and absorbs the foreign substances found in the solvent waste. Air or an inert gas flows through the material in order to pick up the solvent portions which are volatile as a consequence of their vapor pressure. The thus formed gas mixture, which includes air or inert gas and solvent portions, is purified in a known manner by thermal, electrical, or catalytic combustion of the solvent portions.

Abstract: A two-stage incinerator is provided which includes a primary combustion chamber and an afterburner chamber for off-gases. The latter is formed by a plurality of vertical tubes in combination with associated manifolds which connect the tubes together to form a continuous tortuous path. Electrically-controlled heaters surround the tubes while electrically-controlled plate heaters heat the manifolds. A gravity-type ash removal system is located at the bottom of the first afterburner tube while an air mixer is disposed in that same tube just above the outlet from the primary chamber. A ram injector in combination with rotary magazine feeds waste to a horizontal tube forming the primary combustion chamber.

Abstract: An air-curtain incinerator for burning energetic materials. Both the volume f air and the angle at which air enters the fire box are remotely controllable. The combustion process is monitored, and the air volume and angle at which air enters the fire box are controlled to minimize the production of air pollutants by the combustion of energetic materials.

Abstract: The present invention advantageously uses a composition which includes iron-containing waste materials to dispose of the toxic and troublesome substances, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB). First, waste materials from the conversion of iron ore to pig iron or steel combine with a reducing metal, such as aluminum or magnesium, and a small portion of a mineral acid to form a reaction mixture which gives a heat output superior to many conventional fuels and at a very high temperature. Then, this composition is heated to a reaction temperature with pure PBB or items contaminated with PBB to thereby chemically break down the PBB.

Abstract: An ecologically clean process is described for the disposal of partially dewatered waste water sludges in combination with hazardous or noxious chemical wastes, with or without added high calorific waste from other sources which comprises, dewatering the sludge to a solids content of at least about 25% by weight, blending the dewatered sludge with any desired amount of added hazardous chemical waste up to 25% by weight or more, and with 0% up to about 35% by weight of a combustible waste from any other source having a calorific content of at least about 5000 BTU/lb. to obtain a mixture which is at least almost autogeneously combustible and then incinerating said mixture at a temperature of at least about 1400.degree. F for sufficient time to substantially completely combust the mixture to substantially odor-free off gases, said incineration being preferably conducted entirely autogeneously or with a minimal amount of auxiliary fossil fuel.