Abstract: A tamper-indicating device is described. The device has a first glass body member and a second glass body member that are attached to each other through a hasp. The glass body members of the device can be tempered. The body members can be configured with hollow volumes into which powders, microparticles, liquids, gels, or combinations thereof are sealed. The choice, the amount, and the location of these materials can produce a visible, band pattern to provide each body member with a unique fingerprint identifier, which makes it extremely difficult to repair or replace once it is damaged in order to avoid tamper detection.

Abstract: A hook fitted with a device making it possible to see whether or not it has been subjected to tensile stress is described. The hook is characterised in that it is fitted with a safety ring set in the passage orifice for the line with a certain clearance so as to receive the latter and to support the tensile stress which might be exerted on the hook if the user falls, being maintained in this orifice in a position in which the clearance is essentially located on the side of the tensile stress and is so by means of a gudgeon, having a diameter smaller than the clearance, inserted in a straight end-to-end bore passing through the outwardly turned edges of the safety ring and the body of the hook so that the gudgeon breaks when subjected to tensile stress greater than a predetermined threshold stress.

Abstract: An ozone detector in the form of two basic embodiments which can measure ozone concentration in ambient air at 0.001-1 ppm. The first embodiment includes a stretched elastic material and a standard which can give ozone concentration in response to degree of microcracking or frosting of the elastic material. The second embodiment includes a chamber containing a long strip of elastic material, a component for stretching the material, a light source for generating a light and illuminating the film and a detector for detecting reflected, transmitted through or scattered light by the material.

Abstract: For indicating relative rotational displacement between a fixed first member, such as a stud (20) on a wheel hub, and a second member, such as a wheel nut (22), which is rotatably engaged with the first member, a safety device (24) comprises a body (26) having a bore formed with equispaced grooves enabling the device to be releasably secured to the second member (22) in one position of a plurality of positions and having indicating means, such as a pointer (28), to indicate the position of the device (24) relative to a reference, such as a mark (32) on the rim (16) covering the wheel hub (14). The bore within the body (26) is closed at one end, e.g. by bevelled top wall (36), so that the body additionally serves as a dust cap for the conjoined first and second members (20, 22).

Abstract: A toothbrush incorporates an indicator comprising a pressure indicating material which provides an optical signal without the provision of a power supply and wherein the signal is provided when the correct brushing pressure is being applied. Preferably, the pressure sensitive material is a piezochromic material, such as a liquid crystal cholesterol ester.

Abstract: A method and a laminated member for measuring the dimension of a gap for passing a card therethrough are provided. A pressure measuring film is superposed on an elastic mat that gradually becomes thinner in the card-inserting direction, and passed through the gap so as to determine the dimension of the gap from the position where the pressure measuring film has started to develop a color. As the elastic mat, one that has a thickness changing in steps may be used. An alternative embodiment uses a pressure measuring board in place of the pressure measuring film, the pressure measuring board having plural pressure sensors for electrically detecting pressures applied in the direction of width.

Abstract: A toothbrush incorporating an indicator comprising a pressure indicating material which provides an optical signal without the provision of a power supply. Preferably, the pressure sensitive material is a piezochromic material, such as a liquid crystal cholesterol ester.

Abstract: A washer having a plurality of strain gauges, at least one of which is positioned on a portion of the washer subjected to axial force and at least one of which is positioned on a portion of the washer not subjected to axial force. In a preferred embodiment, each such washer portion has two strain gauges and the total of four strain gauges are connected into a common bridge circuit. In the preferred embodiment the portion of the washer not subjected to axial force is a wedge partially cut into the washer structure and shortened axially to form a gap between the wedge and a surface abutting the washer. In this manner, axial force applied to the washer is not applied to the wedge. The resulting strain gauge configuration provides an electrical signal indication of axial stress that is high resolution and temperature insensitive.

Abstract: The present invention provides several embodiments of tension-indicating fasteners that include tension indicators having indicating arms equipped with a laterally-extending contact member or a foot portion. A contact member extends in a tangential direction from the fastener head. The indicating arm is secured to the fastener and, by having laterally-distant contact points, the deflection of a substrate caused by the fastener head causes a distal end of the indicating arm to move with amplified magnitude. In still other embodiments of the invention, a fastener includes tension indicia for indicating a target degree of substrate deflection. The tension indicator may be disposed within a recess in the fastener head to allow the use of conventional tightening tools.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new stress emission material that is different from the other known materials and that efficiently emits light when subjected to a mechanical external force such as a frictional force, a shear force, an impact, or a pressure. This stress emission material is configured by adding an emission center comprising one or more rare earths or transition metals that emit light when electrons excited by a mechanical force return to their normal state, to a base material comprising one or more of an oxide, a sulfide, a carbide, and a nitride each having an FeS.sub.2 structure. This material has an emission intensity that depends on stress.

Abstract: A direct tension indicating washer including a body having an internal opening formed therein and at least one arched tab connected to the body. The arched tab has a fixed end integral with the body and a distal end movable with respect to the body. Indicia is formed on the arched tab and when the direct tension indicating washer is tensioned, the arched tab moves away from the body. Alignment of the indicia with a reference indicates proper tension. Another embodiment of the invention is a direct tension indicating washer having a body having an internal opening formed therein and at least one arch connected to the body. The arch has a first end integral with the body, a second end integral with the body and an intermediate portion between the first end and second end. The intermediate portion is positioned above a top surface of the body.

Abstract: A hoist swivel shackle assembly used with others to hoist heavy objects such as dies and molds. The shackle includes a "U" shaped shackle member pivotal on a swivel body which is rotatable about an orthogonal axis on a base. Long term distortion of the shackle member is minimized by flanges on the ends of the legs of the shackle that slidably engage side bosses on the swivel body to absorb outward loading on the shackle. The shackle is pivoted to the swivel body member by a pair of pins with annular recesses, fixed in a pair diametrally opposite pin receiving bores in the swivel body member. These pins are held in the swivel body member by pressing a softened material into threaded bosses in the swivel body forcing it around the pins and into their recesses. Overloading the swivel shackle assemblies is minimized by an indicator that tells the operator when he has exceeded the safety angle of the shackle member.

Abstract: An ozone detector in the form of two basic embodiments which can measure ozone concentration in ambient air at 0.001-1 ppm. The first embodiment includes a stretched elastic material and a standard which can give ozone concentration in response to degree of microcracking or frosting of the elastic material. The second embodiment includes a chamber containing a long strip of elastic material wound on a spool, a small amount of manganese dioxide in the chamber to neutralize any ozone therein so that the ozone does not attack and frost the elastic material, a take-up spool mounted away from the chamber and adapted to wind the material from the chamber, a component for stretching the material, a light source for generating a light beam and illuminating the film between the chamber and the take-up spool and a detector for the light beam after the light beam passes through the material.

Abstract: A direct tension indicating and maintaining washer has a first surface having at least one protuberance formed thereon and a second surface having at least one indentation formed therein opposite the protuberance. The inner diameter of the direct tension indicating and maintaining washer has an inner diameter wall meeting the second surface at an inner diameter edge. The outer diameter has an outer diameter wall meeting the second surface at an outer diameter edge. The inner diameter edge and the outer diameter edge lie in different planes. This causes the flattened direct tension indicating and maintaining washer to exert force against a bolt and maintain bolt tension. An alternative direct tension indicating and maintaining washer includes indicating material positioned in the indentation and a channel formed in the second surface leading from the indentation to the outside diameter of the direct tension indicating washer.

Abstract: A direct tension indicating and maintaining washer has a first surface having at least one protuberance formed thereon and a second surface having at least one indentation formed therein opposite the protuberance. The inner diameter of the direct tension indicating and maintaining washer has an inner diameter wall meeting the second surface at an inner diameter edge. The outer diameter has an outer diameter wall meeting the second surface at an outer diameter edge. The inner diameter edge and the outer diameter edge lie in different planes. This causes the flattened direct tension indicating and maintaining washer to exert force against a bolt and maintain bolt tension. An alternative direct tension indicating and maintaining washer includes indicating material positioned in the indentation and a channel formed in the second surface leading from the indentation to the outside diameter of the direct tension indicating washer.

Abstract: An exercise display system for aiding a user in maintaining a desired exercise intensity level includes input means for inputting relevant physiological information about the user, calculation means for calculating a spectrum of exercise intensity levels, sensor for detecting the physiological condition of the user during exercise, and display means (32) for displaying the user's exercise intensity within a first scale (20) of at least two levels (22) of possible exercise intensities. The scale (20) includes a Below Training Zone (23), a Weight Loss Training Zone (24), a Cardiovascular Training Zone (25), and an Above Training Zone (26). The display means (32) also includes a second scale (28) of subdivisions (30) of intensity levels, e.g., maximum heart rate percentages or range of heart beat rates. The subdivisions (30) may preferably flash or may be caused to turn a specific color when the exerciser's physiological condition is represented by that subdivision.

Abstract: A deformation indicator is disclosed for repeatably adjusting the fasteners on a flange assembly to maintain a leak-free joint. The indicator is mounted on one of the fasteners used for fastening together the flange members, and extends to a predetermined distance from the adjacent flange member. When the flange fasteners must be adjusted to account for creep in the packing material in the flange, they are adjusted to restore the distance between the indicator and the adjacent flange member to the predetermined value.

Abstract: In a load monitoring device of a mechanical type with a deformable basic body (1), the latter has a deformation part (2,3) provided with detent stops (5,6,7) which hold pivoting levers (10,11) in positions corresponding to different load ranges. When predetermined limit values are reached, the detent stops (5,6,7) release the free ends (8,9) of the pivoting levers (10,11), and these are transferred by springs (12) into positions corresponding to the respective degree of loading or of overloading.

Abstract: In order to insure quick and reliable load acceptance and lifting allocation of a specific class when assembling load-lifting devices or lashing devices, all the parts belonging to a corresponding device are provided with a coating which is assigned in each case to a specific class and which contains an indicator color.

Abstract: A prestress-monitoring element for screw-type anchors is arranged to be inserted like a washer between a nut and an article to be fixed and includes a pressure ring and an expansion ring. If the nut provided for fixing is tightened, then the resultant axial prestress causes the pressure ring to expand the expansion ring until the nut lies against the expansion ring. In this end position, a prestress required by the construction of the prestress-monitoring element is achieved. The position of the nut on the pressure ring can be monitored visually, as a result of which the prestress can be indirectly monitored.

Abstract: A button enhancement coating system wherein mechanically actuated buttons and vacuum actuated buttons of closures may be provided with a coating system which changes color after the closure has been applied to a container and then removed therefrom with the change in color indicating tampering. The coating system includes a first coating layer applied directly to the upper surface of the button and a second coating layer of a different color applied in overlying and bonded relation to the first coating layer. The second coating layer is preferably transparent and the two colors are selected so that they produce a third color while the coating layers are bonded together. When the two coating layers become separated during the removal of the closure from a container, the button assumes the color of the second coating layer. The first coating layer may have an embossed upper surface including ribs and grooves with the second coating layer flowed thereinto.

Abstract: An improved handle for a hand operated implement of the type for which it is desirable to control the force of application. The handle has bifurcated sections which are connected by a means for sensing the applied force and indicating a variation of the applied force from a desired level.

Abstract: A boxing glove including an impact reducing mechanism which can assist in minimising of some injury during boxing. The boxer's fist is movable within the covering defining the fist space and movable between the rear and front positions when the front of the boxing glove strikes a target. The impact reducing mechanism includes a first part, preferably in the form of a rectangular plate, and a resilient means, preferably including at least one elastic band, which operatively interconnects the plate to the covering. The plate is forwardly displaceable via the forward moving fist between an inoperative position and an operative position when the front of the boxing glove strikes the target. The plate thus acts against the elastic band. After the front of the glove has lost contact with the target, the elastic band allows the plate to be in the inoperative position. Preferably, the impact reducing mechanism includes a frame in the fist space said frame attached to the inside of the covering.

Abstract: An improved hoisting device, such as a hook, shackle, ring, link, or the like, includes indicia for determining deformation damage to the device from overstressing. The indicia includes components which assume a predetermined geometrical configuration, such as a line segment co-linearly aligned with another line segment or dot, as the device is in an unstressed and undeformed state, and which do not assume the predetermined configuration if the device have been damaged from over-stressing. The indicia also includes cooperating components for dynamically indicating the magnitude of stressing relative to the maximum design stress of the device. The indicia is adapted for both close proximity and remote stressing determinations.

Abstract: A force sensor for measuring tightening tension applied to an assembly component having first and second faces and an axis of symmetry includes a ceramic support layer having a mounting side to be secured to the first face and an exposed side carrying a piezoresistive layer having a resistance that varies in response to its deformation. The force sensor may comprise a central metallic layer and an annular metallic layer joined by the piezoresistive layer or at least two separate sensors having angularly disposed longitudinal axes. A machine for tightening the assembly component includes a motor driven socket for torquing the component in accordance with a sensed tightening tension.

Abstract: A compression system for joining structural components under tension utilizing a bolt with a shank, an end and a head, one or more flat washers and one or more compression springs. One of the structural components, the bolt end and the nut carry indicia means that form a linear relationship with each other when the system is in an initial tensioned and starting condition and form a selectably angular relationship when the nut is tightened on the bolt a predetermined amount. The system enables the consistent uniform tightening of the system elements to combine structural components and provide consistent spring loading throughout.

Abstract: Mechanical assembly for transmitting forces along an axis driven by a substantially axial movement in translation under the effect of a thrust load. This mechanical assembly comprises a transmitting part of the thrust load input movement and a receiving part of the thrust load output movement, said mechanical assembly comprising a detector for detecting the passing of a force threshold represented by a predetermined value of the thrust load, and including an elastic element and an indicator part arranged in such a way that when the thrust load exceeds the threshold value, the thrust load acts on the elastic element and modifies its axial dimension allowing the indicator part to move to the warning position.

Abstract: A broom with a flexible coupling in the handle comprising a head having a threaded aperture therein. A handle is formed as a long upper section adapted to be held by a user and a shorter lower section being provided with screw threads for releasably coupling with the threaded aperture in the head. A coil spring couples the lower end of the upper section with the upper end of the lower section with the spring encompassing a space between the lower end of the upper section and the upper end of the lower section. The coupling may further include an adhesive in a rupturable membrane to provide a more secure attachment and a dye in a similar membrane for indicating proper attachment.

Abstract: A monitoring unit for installation on a cable bolt comprises a tube designed to fit within a cable bolt hole and having a collar at one end thereof, a cable bolt adapted to be grouted in the rock at the centre of the tube, a base plate placed tightly against the tube collar adjacent the rock face, a centralizer sleeve designed to fit over the cable bolt to keep the cable centralized within the base plate and tube, an elongated measuring plate having a centre hole for insertion of the cable bolt to fit tightly against the base plate and a groove cut at equal distances from each side of the centre hole for allowing the measuring plate to bend if the rock moves with respect to the cable bolt, and a cable clamp for fixing the measuring plate tight against the base plate.

Abstract: A theft deterrent device, intended to be attached to a theft-attractive article so that it can be removed from the article with the aid of a deterrent release device in the possession of an authorized person, and such that any other form of removal will result in damage to the article concerned, includes a first element (10) having a connecting pin (12) which is intended to be inserted through the article to be protected, and a second element (13) which is intended for attachment to the connecting pin. The first element 10 includes a fragile ampule (17) which contains a staining liquid and which becomes fractured upon manipulation of the connecting pin 12. The ampule is positioned in such a way so that by applying a pulling force on the connecting pin in a direction away from the first element (10), the ampule will flex and break.

Abstract: A load indicating fastener such as a bolt (10) or stud, has a shank (12) which is subject to tensile loading in use. The shank (12) has an axially extending bore (22) which receives a first gauge pin (30) anchored at its inner end (32) to the shank (12) and protruding outwards beyond an end face (16) of the fastener. An indicating member (40) is rotatable on the protruding portion of the gauge pin (30) between the end face (16) of the fastener and the head (34) of the pin (30), so that the indicating member (40) is free to rotate when the shank (12) of the fastener is unstressed but when the shank (12) is subject to a predetermined tensile loading is held against rotation by contact with the end face (16) of the fastener. A second gauge pin (42) is received within an axially extending bore (36) in the first gauge pin (30) and is anchored at is inner end and protrudes outwards beyond the outer end of the first gauge pin (30).

Abstract: A shield arrangement is arranged for receiving a seat belt, typically within a self-propelled vehicle. The shield structure is formed of shape retentent material having loop members to convex outer surface thereof to receive the safety belts to effect distribution of force during impact about a larger surface area of an individual's body. A modification of the invention includes reinforcing members, as well as indicator fluid, to indicate fatigue of the shield structure.

Abstract: A bolt tension indicator having an annular washer part of concave cross section for fitment beneath the head of a bolt or beneath a nut, the indicator being made of spring steel and having at least one projecting tab element continuous with the annular washer part so that the lying flat of the tab element against a clamping face indicates a tension in the bolt.

Abstract: Fittings for use with one or more loading bearing lines or chains comprising an indicia marking on a working portion of the fitting that is representative of an angular load position relative to an in line load position of the lines or chains for that particular fitting.

Abstract: Fittings for use with one or more loading bearing lines or chains comprising indicia markings on a working portion of the fitting, the markings comprise an inline load position and angular load positions of the lines or chains when used with the fitting.

Abstract: A bolt for attaching a first member to a second with a desired compressive force. The bolt has a cylindrical body with a threaded section on a first end and a head on a second end. The cylindrical body had a longitudinal bore which extends to a cross bore in the head. A pin located in the cross bore has a first flat surface separated from as second flat surface by a shoulder. A rod located in the longitudinal bore has a first end fixed to the cylindrical body and a second end that is located on the first flat surface. A spring acts on the pin to hold the shoulder against the rod. An input torque applied to the head causes the threads to move into threads on the second body. When the head engages the first body, further torque results in expansion or elongation of the cylindrical body. The rod freely moves in the longitudinal bore and when a predetermined elongation occurs corresponding to the depth of the shoulder on the pin, the spring moves the pin to align the second flat surface over the rod.

Abstract: A indicating-nut threaded coupling with load-indicating device (1) adapted to be arranged in particular on grouted anchors for mining or the like and in order to obtain a simple solution which is advantageous in use a free space is formed by at least one groove (4) equipped with a fold bottom (5), the groove being arranged in the outer wall (3) of a bushing (2) which extends spaced from the outer surface of the anchor.

Abstract: A failure indicating device wherein a fluid is encased within a bore in a fastener. In another embodiment of the invention, the fluid is encased within a thin walled capsule which in turn is encapsulated within a bore in the fastener. Upon failure of the fastener, the encased fluid will leak out into the external surface and its detection will indicate that the fastener has failed. The stress which causes the fastener to fail will also assist the fluid to leak out onto its external surface. To facilitate the leakage of the fluid, one or more shallow and narrow groove(s) may be machined onto the external surface of the fastener so that the leaked fluid will travel along this groove(s) to the preferred external end of the fastener. This is desirable in cases where only one side of the joint is accessible.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and means for detecting and giving warning of a predetermined status of cordage through the change of a warning element from one condition to a different condition in response to a change in the status of the cordage.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for manufacturing thread gages and gaging pipe pins and boxes in which the pins and boxes are marked at circumferentially and axially located points with the thread systems made-up to a selected degree and matching of the marks will indicate make-up of the product thread systmes to the selected degree or the selected degree plus additional make-up and the system automatically compensates for variations from nominal dimensions.

Abstract: Torque verification apparatus and methods for verifying that an amount of torque applied to the nut of a fastener of the type comprising a threaded nut and a bolt having a threaded body portion and a head portion is equal to or greater than a predetermined torque value are provided. The apparatus and methods are particularly useful for verifying that the amount of torque applied to the lug nuts used to mount a wheel to a wheel hub of a vehicle is equal to or greater than a predetermined torque value.

Abstract: A method and device for indicating the swelling of a casing or the like having a wall with at least one generally planar portion prone to deformation by pressure buildup within the casing. The device comprises an elongate strip of visible frangible material adapted for spanning superposition with the planar portion of the wall and means for securing opposing ends of the frangible strip to the casing to restrict movement of the ends perpendicular to the planar portion of the wall. Increasing bulging of the wall deflects the frangible strip to the point of fracture thereof. In another embodiment, gaskets may be interposed between the ends of the frangible strip and the wall of the casing to provide a clearance therebetween, thus increasing the permissible degree of bulging of the wall which may occur before deflection of the frangible strip.

Abstract: A seal for container locks and the like comprises two units (1,2,3;8,14,15) which are snapped into each other. The snap action is carried out by means of a plug (14) forming part of one of the units (8,14,15) and which normally closes a cavity (13) containing an indicating means (21). When the parts are separated the plug is drawn out from this position and allows the indicating means to leave said cavity. In one embodiment the plug (14) is hollow and is closed by means of a steel pin (15) which when inserted has put the indicating means under pressure and the plug has blocking vanes (18). In another embodiment the plug is not hollow but has a weak lower portion and supports a resilient blocking ring. A steel pin floats in the cavity and can break the weak wall when an attempt to brake the seal is made.

Abstract: An adjustable length propeller shaft (1) has a visual torsional load indiing device including a marker (7) on a sealing collar (6) of one shaft part (9) and a calibrated scale (8) on the sleeve (5) of the other shaft part (10); an end journal (4) of the shaft part (9) being in telescopic torque transmitting relation with the sleeve (5) and surrounded by the sealing collar (6). Any permanent torsional deformation between the journal (4) and sleeve (5) results in a permanent relative rotational movement therebetween observable as a movement of the marker relative to the scale.

Abstract: A security device for preventing or indicating the tampering with a joint in a supply pipe, e.g. to a gas meter, comprises two or more members which fit together around the joint. The members have mutually interdigitating parts through which a blind bore is provided and which houses a glass phial containing a dye. Displacement of the members from the assembled configuration breaks the phial, thereby releasing the dye which stains the members so that the tampering is readily detectable.

Abstract: Pulley hoists are disclosed which provide moving anchor hooks that are suspended by two "pulls" of rope, and which may be fabricated by a single part. Anchor hooks are also disclosed which have multiple, independently movable hook portions so that certain large objects may be moved using a sole power unit having said anchor hooks at either end thereof. The anchor hooks of the present invention are also provided with tension indicator apparatuses and safety apparatuses in the event of the overloading of the device. Safety apparatus and sound alarm apparatus are also provided on the power units of the pulley hoists of the present invention in the event of the overloading of the device.

Abstract: Sealant compositions and methods which are particularly adaptable for use in detecting movement between two or more adjacent surfaces. The preferred sealant composition of the present invention is comprised of a paint base, such as a latex floor enamel, to which is added a thickening agent. One suitable thickening agent is a texture paint containing silica and silicates. When applied to a surface or series of surfaces, the sealant composition dries to a putty-like consistency. When spread over a portion of two adjacent surfaces and the joint therebetween, the paint forms a smooth continuous surface. If the two surfaces are moved with respect to one another, however, an irreparable tear occurs in the paint surface; as a result, movement between the two surfaces is readily detected. This sealant composition is particularly useful in detecting tampering with utility meters.

Abstract: The device consists of first and second load-receiving members, a breakable member and a part-spherical washer received in a seat in the second load-receiving member. In use, a load is applied by way of a rod or bar passing centrally through the load-receiving members and the breakable member positioned therebetween, the rod or bar also passing through a central bore in the washer and being angularly movable because of the support provided by the seat. When a predetermined load is achieved, annular cutting surfaces on the load-receiving member cut the breakable member with a predominantly shear action to indicate that the load has been achieved. Fractured parts of fingers of the bearing member are retained between surfaces to be visible at the periphery of the device.

Abstract: Apparatus for monitoring structures and structural members for overloads has an elongated frangible closed ended tube containing a dense, visible liquid. The tube includes a central reduced cross-sectional area for forming a weak portion thereof. The tube is enclosed in a transparent shield and the tube and shield resiliently attached to the structure to be monitored. The frangible tube is designed to cause the weakened area to fracture when the tube and structure are exposed to a preselected level of an acceleration force, causing the liquid to be deposited in the shield as an indication of an overload.

Abstract: Pulley hoists are disclosed which provide moving anchor hooks that are suspended by two "pulls" of rope, and which may be fabricated by a single part. Anchor hooks are also disclosed which have multiple, independently movable hook portions so that certain large objects may be moved using a sole power unit having said anchor hooks at either end thereof. The anchor hooks of the present invention are also provided with tension indicator apparatuses and safety apparatuses in the event of the overloading of the device. Safety apparatus and sound alarm apparatus are also provided on the power units of the pulley hoists of the present invention in the event of the overloading of the device.