Abstract: A field device for monitoring a process variable of an industrial process includes an image capture device. A process component exhibits relative motion as a function of a process variable. The image captures device captures an image which changes due to the relative motion of the process component. An image processor coupled to the image capture device detects relative motion of the process component and measures the process variable based upon the detected relative motion. Output circuitry provides an output related to the measured process variable.

Abstract: A device having a flow channel for a fluid has a nonreturn valve arranged in the flow channel, the nonreturn valve allowing the fluid to flow through the flow channel in a first direction and preventing it from flowing through the flow channel in a direction counter to the first direction. The device furthermore has a flow detector for detecting the flow of the fluid through the flow channel, wherein the flow detector detects a change in the nonreturn valve. This detected change serves as an indicator for the flow of the fluid. The device enables simplified flow detection, in that a nonreturn valve that is present is used as an indicator.

Abstract: Fiberoptics can be employed to detect downhole electromagnetic signals via resistive heating. A disclosed electromagnetic energy detector embodiment includes an optically-interrogated temperature sensor; and a conductive element thermally coupled to the sensor, the conductive element having a temperature response to incident electromagnetic energy. The optically-interrogated temperature sensor may be a length or coil of optical fiber to which a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) or distributed temperature sensing (DTS) system is attached. The conductive element may be a metal coating on the fiber that experiences resistive heating in response to electromagnetic energy and creates an optically-measurable thermal response in the sensor.

Abstract: A piezoelectric microcantilever for sensing compounds or molecules. The piezoelectric microcantilever, may include at least one electrode, an insulation layer, a receptor, an immobilization layer, a non-piezoelectric layer and a piezoelectric layer The sensor is capable of self actuation and detection. The piezoelectric layer may be constructed from a highly piezoelectric thin lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate film, a highly piezoelectric thin zirconate titanate film, a highly piezoelectric lead-free film. Methods of using the sensors and flow cells and arrays including the sensors are also described.

Abstract: The present invention includes pressure event indicators that identify specific pressurized vessels or pipes from which a pressurized fluid has been exhausted, closed pressurized systems that implement such pressure event indicators, and methods of using such pressure event indicators. Embodiments of such pressure event indicators may include a housing having a substantially horizontal elongate passage, a rotatable axle orthogonally passing through the passage, a paddle fixedly attached to the axle having a closed position, an open position, and a shape that is complementary to a portion of the passage and that occludes a portion of the passage when the paddle is in the closed position, and at least one visual indicator outside of the housing and fixedly attached to the axle, where the purpose of the visual indicator is to identify a position of the paddle to an observer.

Abstract: A piezoelectric microcantilever for sensing compounds or molecules. The piezoelectric microcantilever, may include at least one electrode, an insulation layer, a receptor, an immobilization layer, a non-piezoelectric layer and a piezoelectric layer. The sensor is capable of self actuation and detection. The piezoelectric layer may be constructed from a highly piezoelectric thin lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate film, a highly piezoelectric thin zirconate titanate film, a highly piezoelectric lead-free film. Methods of using the sensors and flow cells and arrays including the sensors are also described.

Abstract: A wireless multi-range, mass velocity sensor assembly for remote monitoring with direct on-site visual validation of mass velocity is provided. In certain implementations, the sensor assembly comprises a channel body fixture, an obstruction mounted within an aperture formed in the inlet or outlet of the channel body fixture, and an arcuate indicator that protrudes above the fluid flow path and provides clear visual readout of the flow velocity. In some implementations, the sensor assembly can be easily adapted for existing back check valve and other back flow prevention devices.

Abstract: The invention is direct to a piezoelectric microcantilever for static contact and dynamic noncontact atomic force microscopy which may be carried out in solution. The piezoelectric microcantilever, which includes a piezoelectric layer and a non-piezoelectric layer is capable of self actuation and detection. The piezoelectric layer may be constructed from a lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3)0.65—(PbTiO3)0.35(PMN0.65-PT0.35) (PMN-PT), zirconate titanate (PZT)/SiO2 or from any lead-free piezoelectric materials such as doped sodium-potassium niobate-lithium niobate. The piezoelectric layers of the microcantilevers may have dielectric constants of from 1600-3000 and thicknesses below 10 ?m. Also disclosed are methods for fabricating microcantilever sensors and methods for atomic force microscopy employing the microcantilevers.

Abstract: A wireless multi-range, mass velocity sensor assembly for remote monitoring with direct on-site visual validation of mass velocity is provided. In certain implementations, the sensor assembly comprises a channel body fixture, an obstruction mounted within an aperture formed in the inlet or outlet of the channel body fixture, and an arcuate indicator that protrudes above the fluid flow path and provides clear visual readout of the flow velocity. In some implementations, the sensor assembly can be easily adapted for existing back check valve and other back flow prevention devices.

Abstract: A hermeticity sensor for a device includes a beam positioned within a substantially hermetically sealed cavity. The beam includes a stress that changes in response to being exposed to ambient from outside the cavity. A related method is also provided.

Abstract: Determining a repairing form of a defect at or close to an edge of a substrate. The defect may be scanned with a scanning probe microscope to determine a three-dimensional contour of the defect. The defect may be scanned with a scanning particle microscope to determine the shape of the at least one edge of the substrate. The repairing form of the defect may be determined from a combination of the three-dimensional contour and the shape of the at least one edge.

Abstract: A microcantilever sensor includes a supporting substrate, a cantilever spring element at least partially disposed over the support substrate, a probe layer disposed over the first side of the cantilever spring element, and a piezoresistive transducer attached to the second side of the cantilever spring element. The cantilever spring element is characterized by having a first side and a second side and comprising a polymer having a Young's modulus less than about 100 Gpa. Sensing systems that incorporate the cantilever sensor of the invention include a detector in communication with the piezoresistive transducer to provide measurements of surface strain changes in the piezoresistive transducer.

Abstract: An atomic force microscope is provided that includes a micro thermal analyzer with a tip. The micro thermal analyzer is configured for obtaining topographical data from a sample. A raman spectrometer is included and is configured for use in obtaining chemical data from the sample.

Abstract: The invention provides a scanning probe microscope capable of performing highly accurate three-dimensional profile measurement in a state in which no sliding of the probe or deformation of the sample substantially occurs.

Abstract: A scanning probe microscope in which the probe is oscillated at a frequency lower than its resonant frequency, a force sensor that is sensitive to the bending of the cantilever and minimally sensitive to the oscillation is used to measure tip-sample interaction force. The sensor signal is then converted to a force gradient signal by electronics. The gradient signal is kept constant by a feedback mechanism as the tip is scanned across the surface of a sample, and force and topographical information are mapped.

Abstract: A filtration system for a gas powered concrete saw allows the user to inspect and/or determine how much dust is accumulated in the filter. In addition, manual filter cleaners are provided to allow the user to easily clean the filter without needing to open up the tool. In addition, the system is provided to deactivate the tool or notify the user if no filter is being utilized, or the filter is damaged. The system can also provide system lock out in the case of a missing or damaged filter. In addition, automatic methods are also provided to allow cleaning of the filter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dynamic-mode surface (12) scanning method in which a cantilever (10) provided with a probe (18) is non-positively coupled to the surface and is made to oscillate in a resonant fashion using positive feedback, wherein the resonant oscillation contains at least one higher harmonic whose frequency represents an integer multiple of the basic resonance frequency of the cantilever which is force-coupled to the surface. According to the invention, the amplitude or the phases of the at least one higher harmonic oscillation is determined as a control variable in order to regulate the distance between the probe (18) and the surface (14).

Abstract: A sight flow apparatus includes a body designed to be connected in-line to fluid pipes within a manufacturing plant or other facility. One or more window assemblies are removably mounted on the sides or ends of the body to allow visual inspection of fluid flow through the body cavity. A fluid indicator device i.e., a flapper assembly or a rotor assembly, is mounted within the body cavity and supported by an axle extending between the windows, between the body itself, or between a pair of alignment washers located within the body. The rotor assembly includes a plurality of planar blades which are interconnected to form generally radially extending vanes. An enlarged indicator cap is coupled to each end of the rotor assembly to improve visual examination of fluid flow effects, to lock the interconnected blades together and to prevent the blades from contacting the windows, alignment washer or body.

Abstract: An automatic shut-off device for interrupting flow to a remote system in response to a flow fault associated with the remote system. The device generally includes a flow detection assembly, which senses the fluid flow through the remote system, and a fault detection assembly, which detects an interruption in the flow associated with the remote system and accordingly shuts-off fluid flow through the flow detection assembly. The flow and fault detection assemblies are remotely housed yet are mechanically connected by a common valve stem which connects the fault valve assembly with the flow interruption assembly. A metering assembly disposed in the flow detection assembly is responsive to the fluid flow and provides a visual indication of the flow rate through the system. Also provided are means for manually resetting the device in order to provide fluid flow upon correction of the fault.

Abstract: A flow indicator switch system comprising a body having a cavity therein, a first magnetic member pivotally connected to the body and extending into the cavity, a second magnetic member pivotally connected to the body, and a fiberoptic connector arranged about the body for receiving at least one optical fiber. The first magnetic member has a portion that extends beyond the body. A magnet is affixed to the first magnetic member on the end within the body and a paddle is affixed to the other end extending beyond the body. A spring is arranged about the exterior of the first magnetic member. The second member is magnetically interactive with the first magnetic member within the cavity of the body. The second magnetic member has a reflective surface extending therefrom. This reflective surface is generally adjacent the fiberoptic connector and is movable between a first and second position in correspondence to the existence of a fluid flow acting on the paddle.

Abstract: A bidirectional fluid flow indicator comprising a housing having a fluid inlet and fluid outlet, first and second separated fluid passageways intermediate said inlet and said outlet, a vane pivotally secured across one of said first channel, a second vane pivotally secured across the opposite end of said second channel, an indicator secured to said vanes for rotation therewith whereby said flow meter indicates the fluid is flowing from said inlet toward said outlet when said second vane is displaced and indicates fluid flow from said outlet toward said inlet when said first vane is pivotally displaced by the fluid flow.

Abstract: A flow indicator has a pivoting flap fitted in ducting of a hydraulic installation which transports contaminated liquids. To permit the purge of a reservoir, the flap has an opening for air returning through the ducting. The opening prevents overpressure or vacuum in a circuit. The invention applies specifically to purge and vent circuits for nuclear power installations.

Abstract: A flow meter is provided having a housing with inlet and outlet ports respectively adapted to be connected with a source of fluid pressure and a fluid user. A semicircular vane member mounted within the housing is movable in response to a change in the flow rate between the inlet and outlet ports to rotate a shaft to which the vane member is attached. The shaft, in turn, extends externally of the housing and is operatively coupled to an indicator for providing an external visual indication of the rate of fluid flow through the flow meter. The improvement, however, comprises a unitary spring seal having a first portion rigidly secured to the housing and a second portion which extends between the housing and the vane shaft. This second portion extends along the shaft within the housing and is resiliently urged against the outer peripheral surface of the shaft in order to prevent fluid leakage between the vane shaft and the housing.

Abstract: A liquid flow detecting device incorporates a static member arranged to be fixed within a passage through which flow of an operating liquid is to take place and an active member held captive by the static member but free to move relatively to the static member to a limited extent in one particular direction at least. The active member has an overall specific gravity substantially the same as that of the chosen operating liquid. Proximity sensing apparatus is included to detect movement of the active member relative to the static member in the particular direction and to issue a corresponding signal.

Abstract: A flow responsive device for use in a fluid flow system to establish a signal when a predetermined flow rate is attained within a flow conduit. The device is adapted for connection to a flow conduit and has a target vane adapted for insertion within the flow conduit for movement in response to predetermined flow to open internal valve means against the bias force of a compression spring and control pressure within a pressure chamber. In operation, the control pressure is maintained at a higher pressure than the fluid pressure within the flow conduit so that after initial opening of the valve means, the control pressure drops and the valve means undergoes fast-action movement to its fully open condition. The flow rate at which the valve means closes is less than the flow rate at which the valve means opens so that hunting of the valve means during operation is prevented.