Abstract: A gummer for a filter attachment machine comprises two rollers (10, 12), one of which is arranged to contact the web and the other of which is pressed against the first roller to limit the quantity of gum which is transmitted to the web from a pool of gum formed in the nip between the rollers. Gum is fed continuously into the pool at a position between the ends of the rollers at a rate in excess of the rate at which gum is applied to the web, from which position the gum flows towards the ends of the rollers. Means (15, 16, 50) are provided for collecting excess gum at the ends of the rollers and for returning it to a source (19) of the gum.

Abstract: A device for application of lacquer or the like to a sheet in a printing press. The lacquer is applied by an applicator cylinder having an associated applicator roller. Lacquer is fed from a fountain having a fountain roller which is slowly driven, the lacquer being transferred from the fountain roller to the applicator roller either directly or through intermediate rollers to form a nip in which the lacquer tends to build up. The amount of lacquer transferred by the fountain roller per unit time is determined by a metering roller which engages the fountain roller. A sensing device located at the nip senses the level of lacquer buildup and produces an output signal upon departure of the building from an optimum level. In one embodiment of the invention the output signal is utilized to bring about a corrective adjustment in the position of the metering roller so that the buildup at the nip tends to be restored to optimum level.

Abstract: A screen printing apparatus wherein a mobile screen is located at a variable distance above the stock and the pool of liquid which is admitted into the interior of the screen flows through the open pores to descend, exclusively by gravity, onto the surface of the stock. Various special effects can be achieved by changing the distance between the screen and the stock, by changing the speed of the screen, by appropriate distribution of pores in the screen, by subdivision of the pool into two or more separate pools, by placing two or more screens one behind the other, as considered in the direction of stock feed, by inserting a squeegee into or by removing the squeegee from the interior of the screen, by oscillating the liquid feeding pipe or pipes and/or the squeegee, and/or by a combination of such undertakings.

Abstract: An inking apparatus including a first vibrator roller to which ink is intermittently transferred by a ductor roller from an ink fountain, a pair of second vibrator rollers held in contact with a plurality of ink form rollers held against a plate cylinder, a third vibrator roller, a first distributor roller held in contact with the first and third vibrator rollers, three second distributor rollers disposed in peripheral contact between the second vibrator rollers, a third distributor roller held in contact with a central one of the three second distributor rollers and the third vibrator roller, a fourth vibrator roller held in contact with one of the second distributor rollers which is located upstream of the central one thereof with respect to the direction of rotation of the plate cylinder, and a fourth distributor roller held in contact with the third vibrator roller and the fourth vibrator roller.

Abstract: An ink roller assembly for attachment to a tape printer or the like includes a pre-inked roller rotatably mounted between a pair of hanger brackets of substantially greater diameter and capacity than the standard pre-inked roller included with the machine. The hanger brackets are adapted to mount to an eccentric shaft which can be rotated to finely adjust the pressure of the ink roller against the print wheel. Several cross shafts extend between the hanger brackets to provide support with one of the cross shafts having a threaded hole therein for insertion of a threaded screw against the frame of the machine to adjust the pressure of the over-sized ink roller against the print wheel.

Abstract: A process for treating exhaust gas from an electrophotographic machine which comprises oxidizing, in the presence of a heated oxidation catalyst, an odorous exhaust gas generated in course of the steps of developing an element being developed by means of a developer, transferring the thus developed image onto a transfer sheet and/or heating a copy material consisting of said element being developed or said transfer sheet thereby to make said exhaust gas odorless, and an apparatus therefor.

Abstract: To provide access to an ink application roller (11) located circumferentially about the plate cylinder (1) and behind another ink application roller (10), the inner one (11) of the ink application rollers is secured to an inner support plate (14) which is pivotable together with an outer support plate (13) about a bushing of a bearing (21) retaining a milling roller of the ink train, the outer plate additionally supporting other ink distribution rollers (7, 8) receiving ink from an ink supply roller (3), so that the entire roller train (B) formed by the ink distribution rollers (7, 8) and the inner one (11) of the ink application rollers can be tipped out of engagement position to thereby provide access to those rollers which are located behind the milling roller (9).

Abstract: Heat activated, fabric conditioning products are made by impregnating a thick, absorbent substrate with fabric-conditioner chemicals. Such products are designed for use at elevated temperatures encountered in laundry dryers. This invention provides an improved process for making such products and an apparatus for applying liquids to the substrate. Previously a doctor blade was used in combination with a roller to limit the volume of liquid being applied to the substrate during compression of the substrate in a nip. The present invention concerns a thin wire drawn under tension which can function as the doctor to obtain a smooth thin film of liquid on the lower roller of the nip used for applying the liquid to the substrate.

Abstract: For applying a liquid, such as liquid wax, to a continuously fed sheet material a first pair of cylindrical rollers, each having a smooth surface which is exposed to and wetted by the liquid to be applied, are rotatably mounted about substantially parallel axes and spaced apart to permit intimate tangential contact therebetween with both sides of the sheet material to be coated. A second pair of cylindrical rollers located a distance from the first pair are similarly mounted and positioned to make contact with the sheet material in like manner. A pair of cylindrical engraved rolls, each having an array of guadrangular cells formed along the surfaces thereof, are respectively positioned between each of the first and second pairs of rollers and are rotatably mounted on movable axes so that the engraved rolls urge against one or both of the roller pairs during rotation.

Abstract: A method of applying a latex coating to a carpet secondary backing by means of an applicator roll and a metering roll which travel in reverse rotation and different tangential speeds. The carpet secondary backing travels between a pressure roll and the applicator roll and a film of a coating material is applied to the backing. The backing is an open weave structure and the coating is applied primarily to the strands of the backing and not particularly to the open area of the backing.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying a coating of high-viscosity coating material onto a metal strip at high speed, wherein the apparatus hasa roll having recesses or grooves thereon;a supplying source for forcedly filling the coating material in the recesses or grooves provided on the roll;a doctor for removing excessive coating material remaining on the roll having recesses or grooves other than the coating material filled in the recesses or grooves;a coating roll which rotates in contact with the roll having recesses or grooves;at least one smoothing roll of smaller diameter which rotates in contact with the coating roll; anda back-up roll which holds the metal strip against the coating roll.

Abstract: A wallpaper pasting machine comprises a tray for the paste, rollers for transferring paste to the paper and guide means extending across the tray for training the paper over the rollers. The guide means are engaged by resilient side wall portions of the tray and are removable by deforming the side wall portions. A cutting template for guiding the cutting of the paper is also described.

Abstract: The offset printer is intended for printing annular codes of colors on small solids of revolution like contact pins or necks of ampoules. A plurality of axially shifted devices for distributing the color, each one comprising a color disc are assigned to the inking cylinder. The color discs enter into a color chamber and come out from this chamber free from play between axial limitations which act as strippers. The color discs are joined with their drive in a slightly loose manner so that they can fully adapt themselves to the position of the axial limitations. This permits to print fully clean, small rings of colors on small solids of revolution.

Abstract: A varnishing unit for applying varnish in a strip of selected width on a sheet carried on the impression cylinder of a printing press distinguished by use of a plurality of adjustable varnish blocking rollers arranged adjacent a fountain roller between a varnish trough and a metering nip formed between a metering roller and the fountain roller. The blocking rollers are hard surfaced and of relatively small diameter, and are secured to the frame by arms located at the respective ends of each roller. Each blocking roller is individually adjustable between (a) a position in which it forcibly indents the surface of the fountain roller so as to substantially cut off the flow of varnish to the metering nip, in the region of width controlled by the blocking roller and (b) a position withdrawn from the surface of the fountain roller to permit passage of a strip of varnish in the controlled region to the metering nip and thence via intermediate rollers to the varnishing cylinder.

Abstract: An apparatus for painting the outer circumferential surfaces of a plurality of cylindrical containers. The apparatus comprises a rotatable disc having a surface positioned in a vertical plane and a plurality of mandrels secured to the surface of the disc and projecting horizontally therefrom for supporting the containers. A rotatable painting roll is positioned adjacent the disc for applying paint to the containers. First and second rotatable paint storage rolls are provided, the second paint storage roll being above said painting roll and interposed between the painting roll and the first paint storage roll. The axes of the two paint storage rolls are parallel and in a horizontal plane, and the axes of the painting roll and the second storage roll are parallel and define a plane which is angularly displaced with respect to the horizontal and vertical planes.

Abstract: Peripherally contacting applicator and fountain rolls of a glue pot are mounted on individual pivots and are journaled on support yokes which are swingable toward and away from conveyed containers on a linear path adjacent to one side of the glue pot. The swinging of the two yokes and their supported applicator and fountain rolls is under control of two independent screw adjustment shafts having swiveled connections with the glue pot and yokes. The arrangement enables the application of glue to containers with and without recessed label receiving surfaces.

Abstract: A plating chamber holds a reducing or inert atmosphere heated to a temperature suited for plating or galvanizing. A pair of power-driven coating rolls are horizontally disposed in the plating chamber, one roll contacting the top surface of a metal strip to be plated and the other contacting the bottom surface. A molten coating metal is continuously supplied so as to form a uniform film of the metal on the peripheral surface of each coating roll. By means of deflector rolls horizontally disposed in the plating chamber, a metal strip heated to a temperature suited for plating continuously travels through the chamber. A surface of the strip becomes plated on contacting the peripheral surface of the coating roll on which the film of the molten coating metal has been formed. The coating rolls can be drawn away from the surface of the strip by shifting the deflector or coating rolls, so that plating can be applied to one, both or neither side of the strip as desired.

Abstract: The coating device of the invention, which enables a layer of product to be deposited on a strip (1) travelling between two rotary cylinders (2, 3), is characterized in that it comprises a reserve (8) containing the coating product; a first roller (9) associated with the reserve for continuously taking therefrom a specific amount of coating product; a second roller (10) bearing against one of the rotary cylinders (3, 2), the first and second rollers being parallel and spaced from each other; a third loosely mounted roller (11), bearing on the first and second rollers; means (M.sub.1) for rotating the first roller and imparting thereto a constant preadjusted speed; and means (M.sub.2) for rotating the second roller and imparting thereto a speed equal to the travelling speed of the strip, the first and second rollers rotating in the same direction .

Abstract: An adhesive applicator comprises a reservoir closed at the front by a driven applicator roller, sealing rollers which are drivable in mutually opposite directions and can be applied to the applicator roller, and doctor blades carried by sidewalls of the reservoir and acting on the sealing rollers.

Abstract: In an offset gravure web coating method and apparatus, coating composition is applied from a gravure roll to a transfer roll, thence to an applicator roll, and finally to the web. The web moves in the same direction as the applicator roll surface. The ratio of the speed of the applicator roll surface to that of the web is preferably not greater than 1:1. The method and apparatus afford improved coating patterns at low wet coatweights.

Abstract: A process for applying exactly metered small quantities of liquid to web material, such as textile. The web material is passed through the nip of a pair of rollers. One of the rollers is provided with a film of liquid by means of an applicator roller which is partly immersed in a liquid bath and which rotates in contact with it. The applicator roller has a surface provided with raised portions and recesses, which makes it possible to apply the liquid in small, reproducible dosage.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for thin film formation using off-set printing techniques, wherein a film-forming material is coated uniformly on a platform, which material is then transferred onto an object on which a thin film is to be formed. Coating the material on the platform is carried out by moving on the platform a roll coater which includes a distributing roller and a coating roller and which feeds the film-forming material onto the platform and by rotating the coating roller in a direction at which slippage in engagement between the coating roller and the platform is always involved in relation with the movement of the roll coater.

Abstract: Wipers are mounted on the opposite ends of a cylindrical glue wetting roll which direct the glue adhering to and moving upwardly with the flat end surfaces of the glue wetting roll first inwardly toward the axis of rotation of the glue wetting roll and then back to the glue pan. The glue applicator roll which picks up the glue from the glue wetting roll includes a ceramic coating about its annular surface which is contacted by the sheet material to which the glue is applied and by the picker fingers which pick the sheets from the roll.

Abstract: A combined size press and breaker stack comprising a breaker roll and a coating press roll and an intermediate roll selectively alternately shiftable into breaker nipping relation to the breaker roll or coating nip relation with the press roll, and guiding paper web, traveling continuously from a supply to a disposition point, to either of the alternately selected nips. Coating material is supplied to the paper web while traveling through the coating nip.

Abstract: In a labeling machine the combination with a glue applying roll, pickers and a label magazine from which labels are picked by the picker when the latter has on its surface a layer of glue of a doctor blade supported with an edge at a distance from the surface of the glue applying roll which will provide adequate glue for labeling and pneumatically-operable means operable to retract the label magazine from the path of movement of the pickers when there is a gap in the procession of containers or no containers and simultaneously to move the doctor blade closer to the surface of the glue applying roll to reduce the amount of glue on the surface of the glue applying roll available to the pickers without removing all of the glue.

Abstract: Adjusting method and apparatus for a cylindrical article peripheral surface coating machine characterize in that a coating clearance between a coating roller and a cylindrical article fitted over each mandrel on a travelling mandrel conveyor, the coating clearance being formed for allowing the coating roller to be brought into rolling contact with the cylindrical article when the latter has entered the coating zone, a transfer clearance between the coating roller and a transfer roller formed for allowing the latter to be brought into rolling contact with the former, and a receiving clearance between the transfer roller and a fountain roller formed for allowing the latter to be brought into rolling contact with the former, are made adjustable each independently without affecting each other.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment applies ultra-thin solvent base coatings to tape substrates with a "gravure roll" and associated elastomeric applicator roll, the applicator roll being sheathed by a flexible, solvent-resistant sleeve.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying wallpaper which moistens prepasted wallpaper or applies paste to unpasted wallpaper and guides the paper as it is withdrawn from the roll and applied to the wall. The apparatus includes a base for rotatably supporting a roll of wallpaper and a frame attached to the base for supporting at least one pair of rollers for guiding the wallpaper through a trough partly filled with a liquid such as water or paste. The apparatus for use with paste has one roll in the trough of paste and a further roll for transfering paste from the roll to the paper.

Abstract: A device for spreading paste on paperboard in a corrugated board manufacturing apparatus is herein disclosed. The device comprises a supplier for supplying liquid paste, a roller for spreading the liquid paste on tops of core paper to be pasted with linerboard, a member for controlling the volume of the liquid paste, a paste feeding member provided under the supplier downwardly inclinedly toward the paste spreading roller to define a passage for the liquid paste, at least a pair of movable end plates provided in the forward end of the paste feeding member and defining a certain clearance between the upper surfaces thereof and the paste spreading roller and a feed portion defined by the end plates to communicate with the passage. The width of the feed portion is adjustable by movement of the end plates in conformity with the width of the core paper between a minimum effective width and a maximum effective width.

Abstract: An applicator 15 deposits a solvent-carried adhesive intermittently along a moving strip 10. A sump 26 is arranged below strip 10 to contain a quantity of the solvent 27, and an adhesive wheel 16 rotates with its lower region immersed in the solvent. Adhesive wheel 16 has a continuous periphery on which adhesive is continuously applied, and an applicator wheel 17 rotates against the adhesive wheel and the bottom of the strip above the sump. Applicator wheel 17 a as an intermittent peripheral surface 18 that receives adhesive from the adhesive wheel and applies it in an intermittent pattern to the bottom of the moving strip. The sump, the adhesive wheel, the applicator wheel, and the region of contact between the applicator wheel and the strip are enclosed to retain a substantially saturated solvent vapor atmosphere within the enclosure 25 to inhibit the evaporation of solvent from the adhesive.

Abstract: A metered film of a fluid coating composition (10) having solids suspended therein, such as a fluid composition containing rupturable microcapsules, is formed on a doctored gravure supply roll (12) and applied to a soft rubber applicator roll (20). The supply roll (12) transfers the metered coating composition (10) to an endless web (25) which is wrapped and tensioned therearound in substantially uncompressed contact, to transfer the metered coating composition uniformly and evenly to the web (25) without shearing the composition (10) when on the web (25) or mechanically pressing the solids therein into the web (25).

Abstract: A mounting system for a developer unit in an electrophotocopier having a photoreceptor mounted on a drum for assuring proper alignment and pressure between the developer unit and the photoreceptor drum. The mounting system comprises a fixed platform having a rectangular slot located midway between the ends thereof, said slot having a length extending perpendicular to the axis of the photoreceptor drum, a developer unit slidably mounted at either end on said fixed platform, the developer unit having a base plate with an aperture in alignment with the rectangular slot, a pair of spacer wheels coaxial to and slightly larger in diameter than the applicator shell on the developer unit rotatably mounted on either end of the developer unit, means for urging the spacer wheels against the photoreceptor drum, and a locking and guiding device removably insertable in said rectangular slot in said fixed platform.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for attachment to the down-stream end of a conventional offset lithographic printing press for in-line coating of the printed work issuing from the press, with water-based polymer coatings, to protect the printing ink as the printed matter sets and hardens. The apparatus includes a pick-up roller which picks up liquid coating composition from a reservoir structure, a cylindrical applicator roller to which the coating composition is transferred, the apparatus being mounted on the frame of the press so that the applicator roller of the apparatus can bear against the blanket roll of the printing press and transfer the coating composition to the blanket roll as the press operates. The apparatus is releasably mounted to the press, and can be pivoted about a lower axis to bring the applicator roll into and out of contact with the blanket roll of the press.

Abstract: Wipers are mounted on the opposite ends of a cylindrical glue wetting roll which direct the glue adhering to and moving upwardly with the flat end surfaces of the glue wetting roll first inwardly toward the axis of rotation of the glue wetting roll and then back to the glue pan. The glue applicator roll which picks up the glue from the glue wetting roll includes a ceramic coating about its annular surface which is contacted by the sheet material to which the glue is applied and by the picker fingers which pick the sheets from the roll.

Abstract: The shaft of a lockdown assembly is supported at its ends in the side sections of the stationary frame of a glue applicator. Lockdown legs are mounted to the shaft at each end of the shaft and extend parallel to each other from the shaft toward engagement with the side sections of the movable frame of the glue applicator. A spring biases the lockdown legs toward their locked positions. The shaft can be pivoted to raise the lockdown legs away from the movable frame, the movable frame tilted so as to lift its rolls away from their operating positions with respect to the rolls of the stationary frame, and a hook of one of the lockdown legs engages a catch on one of the side sections of the movable frame to hold the movable frame in its open position.

Abstract: An apparatus for coating moving sheets with a contact adhesive, which apparatus includes rollers for forming a contact adhesive film and rollers for applying the film to a moving sheet, which application rollers include a cooling roller with an adhesive-rejecting envelope or sleeve, a processing roller, and a pivotal support for the pressing roller.

Abstract: Apparatus selectively convertible to perform one or more coating operations on a web of paper or the like comprises a fixed rotatable roller, a coating blade movable into and out of coating relation with the surface of the fixed roller and cooperating with a dam of coating material to coat a web as it passes through the nip between the coating blade and the fixed roller, and a second movable roller movable into and out of nip forming relation with the fixed roller with provision for adjustment of pressure in the nip and adapted to cooperate with a dam of coating material to coat a web as it passes through the nip between said rollers, said movable roller also being adapted alternatively to receive coating material and to transfer it to the fixed roller to coat one side of a web as it runs over the latter.

Abstract: A DIP top coating apparatus including a gravity-fed rail along which DIPs may slide, a continuously running inking mechanism disposed above said rail for applying ink to the tops of DIPs passing thereunder, and means disposed beneath said rail for insuring that proper contact is made between the inking apparatus and the DIP tops.

Abstract: A table has a mechanically driven draw bar squeegee mounted thereon to spread ink and other substances in a uniform manner. There is an interchangeable plurality of such squeegees which may be sequentially placed in said table to enable successive layers of different types of materials to be spread, in sequence, over the surface of a paper. This succession of materials includes an isolation layer between successive colors of ink, whereby a mistake on work in progress does not necessarily lead to a final destruction of all previously done work. A feature of the invention is that the pigmented surface of dried ink is not seen through the tint of other material, such as photoresist, for example. Also, a releasable layer may be provided among the successive layers so that a hand proof copy may be transferred, as a decalcomania.

Abstract: A device for regulating the thickness of gum applied to a paper product comprising means applying gum to said paper product, means for detecting the thickness of the gum being applied to said paper product and producing a control signal which varies with said thickness, and means connected to said detecting means for receiving said control signal and automatically adjusting the amount of said gum being applied to obtain a desired thickness.

Abstract: A rotary envelope machine gum box construction is taught which provides an independent frame assembly of the meter roll and gum pond elements. The independent frame is pivotally secured to the primary machine frame at one end of the independent frame with micro-adjusting jack screw abutments at the other independent frame end. Differential adjustment of the jack screws will skew the meter roll axis to the picker roll axis. The edge line of the doctor blade may be skewed relative to the meter roll surface by push/pull screws between the independent frame and the doctor blade ends. Liquid gum is pumped from a remote supply reservoir, the gum box pond level being controlled by a fiber optic liquid level sensor which regulates the gum pump operation. Gum is delivered from the pump to a removable manifold block which distributes the gum to the pond ends for a nonstagnation zone, end-to-middle pond flow pattern.

Abstract: A traveling web coater for applying a smooth uniform layer of liquid coating of controlled weight onto the surface of a traveling web including a gate coater having a plurality of gate rolls for metering and applying coating to a traveling web supported on a backing roll with an air knife positioned to direct air onto the web downstream from the gate rolls and to essentially smooth the coating removing a minimum amount of the coating which has been accurately metered by the gate rolls.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying a definite amount of a treating liquid to a textile product continuously, including a liquid retaining roll having a fine uneven surface or closely spaced small holes all over its surface to retain a treating liquid on the surface thereof, a device to supply a treating liquid to the liquid retaining roll by eliminating the flock and hards of the textile product and other dust adhering thereon, a doctor roll in contact with the liquid retaining roll to control the treating liquid adhering to the liquid retaining roll to a definite amount by pressing, a rubber roll to guide a textile product to be treated continuously, the rubber roll being in pressure contact with the said liquid retaining roll by putting the textile product therebetween to transfer a prescribed amount of the treating liquid to the textile product, and a device to clean the surface of the rubber roll by utilizing a circulated part of the said treating liquid.

Abstract: A metering roll, employed between the developing station and the transfer station of a photocopier which uses a liquid toner, controls the thickness of the liquid on the photosensitive drum surface when it is presented to the transfer station. Elements fixed between the drum and roll maintain the central metering portion in a substantially constant spaced apart relationship to the photosensitive drum surface and thereby tend to limit and control the thickness of developer on the drum surface at the transfer station. The elements have different surfaces in sliding, frictional contact with the drum and roll respectively. In one embodiment the elements are strips with opposite parallel surfaces, one in contact with the drum and the other in contact with the roll. In another, the ends of the strip are mounted on reels so that the strip may be moved to vary wear points on the strip if any appear.

Abstract: An oil coater for mats which comprises a mat-supporting moving surface, a coating roller disposed above said mat-supporting moving surface and having on the periphery thereof a foam layer capable of being impregnated with an oiling composition, a press roller having a diameter smaller than the diameter of said coating roller and having on the periphery thereof a foam layer capable of being impregnated with an oiling composition, a first bearing mechanism which supports said press roller at a position upstream of said coating roller so that the top face of said press roller is substantially on the same horizontal plane with the top face of said coating roller and the degree of pressed contact between said coating roller and said press roller can be adjusted, a mat-feeding roller disposed below said mat-supporting moving surface, a second bearing mechanism which supports said feeding roller so that the axis of said feeding roller is substantially on the same vertical plane with the axis of said coating roller a

Abstract: A metering roll, employed between the developing station and the transfer station of a photocopier which uses a liquid toner, controls the thickness of the liquid on the photosensitive drum surface when it is presented to the transfer station. Shoe-like elements fixed between the drum and roll maintain the central metering portion in a substantially constant spaced apart relationship to the photosensitive drum surface and thereby tend to limit and control the thickness of developer on the drum surface at the transfer station. One surface of the element substantially conforms to an arc of the drum surface and another surface defines a hole through which a portion of the metering roll passes.

Abstract: A machine for painting sheet strip material has a backing roll for the sheet strip material, two paint coating devices, and means for positioning the paint coating devices alternatingly in an operative position and a non-operative position in relation to the sheet strip material passing over the backing roll.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an inking device for printing with greasy ink, said device being characterized in that it comprises, downstream of the zone of contact of the inking roller and the plate or photogravure cylinder, a second rod parallel to the inking roller, pressed under strong pressure against the soft surface layer of said roller and forming a barrier only against the dampening liquid, while allowing all the residual film of ink remaining on the periphery of the inking roller to pass and thus return to the mass of ink in the inking device. This invention is more particularly applicable in printing machines employing greasy ink, such as offset or typo printers.

Abstract: An electrostatic copier has a rotatable copy drum and a developing unit which can be inserted and removed from the copier in toto. The developing unit is provided with bearing members which at least partly and loosely embrace the shaft of the copy drum.

Abstract: A paper web processing mechanism for applying a combined breaker press and size press coating operation including a first breaker nip formed between a first hard surfaced chilled iron roll and a second coating roll with the first roll being loaded to control the nip pressure and a third roll forming a coating nip with said second roll with the web led immediately through the second nip either by following the second roll or being passed over a guide roll therebetween and the web coated as it passes into the second nip in either a gate roll coating operation by gate rolls nipped against the third roll or by a puddle coating operation with coating supplied to the upwardly facing side of the second nip.