Abstract: [Object] To provide an absorbent article and an absorbent body having excellent absorption performance. [Solution] The present invention provides an absorbent body having at least two or more layers, the absorbent body comprising: a water absorption layer having a water absorption region where a water absorbent resin powder is disposed and a thickness-direction-penetrating opening region; and a layer having a diffusion region where a diffusibility improvement material having an under-load liquid passing rate of 15 seconds or less is disposed, as a lower layer of the water absorption layer, wherein the lower layer has the diffusion region disposed at least a part of a portion located below the opening region.

Abstract: A magnet roller employs a magnetic pole pattern in which a first magnetic pole arranged substantially opposing a regulating blade in an upstream side of a rotation direction of a developing sleeve and a second magnetic pole next to the first magnetic pole in the upstream side have the same polarity, an opposing member having surface roughness higher than at least a particle diameter of carrier is arranged opposing the magnet roller at a position where magnetic force between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole next to the first magnetic pole in the upstream side is almost zero, and an apex of a partition wall provided between a developer bearing member and a developer conveying member provided in a first chamber is positioned below a region where magnetic force formed by the magnet roller is almost zero.

Abstract: A method, a panel and equipment to form a digital print by applying dry ink (15), preferably including particles of pigment coated wood fibers (61), on a surface (2), bonding a part of the particles with a liquid blank ink drops (57) and removing the non-bonded particles from the surface (2).

Abstract: Workpieces, which are conveyed by a conveying device along a conveying path, are heated by a heating and degreasing coil. Then, resin powder is downwardly sprayed from a nozzle of a coating device to each corresponding one of the workpieces, which are conveyed by the conveying device. The workpieces are thereafter heated by a heating and curing coil. At each of the heating coils, a dummy member, which is made of an electrically conductive material, is displaced from a retracted position to a forward position, which is located between the corresponding heating coil and a corresponding adjacent part of the conveying path of the conveying device, when an empty one of mount locations of the conveying device reaches the forward position of the dummy member.

Abstract: Provided is a dispenser for dispensing particles onto a surface comprising a hopper for receiving particles, wherein the hopper has an opening at its bottom, a screen having openings and located adjacent the opening of the hopper, wherein the screen openings are uniformly sized and spaced and are sufficiently large to let the largest particles pass through during dispensing yet sufficiently small to hold the particles back when the dispenser is not operating, and means, located outside of the hopper, for moving particles from the hopper through the screen, and onto the surface. Also provided is a method of making a web with embedded particles comprising the sequential steps of making the web receptive to the particles by heating, eliminating static charges present on the web, dispensing the particles onto the web, dispersing the particles to minimize particle clumping in the web, and embedding the dispensed particles in the web.

Abstract: A system for applying a fluid coating onto a substrate includes forming a fluid wetting line by introducing a stream of fluid onto a first side of the substrate along a laterally disposed fluid-web contact area. An electrical force is created on the fluid from an effective electrical field originating from a location on the second side of the substrate and at a location substantially at and downstream of the fluid contact area. The electrical field can be generated in a highly effective manner relative to the coating fluid by a sharply defined electrode on the second side of the substrate. Ultrasonics combined with electrostatic fields further enhances coating process conditions and coating uniformity.

Abstract: A system for applying a fluid coating onto a substrate includes forming a fluid wetting line by introducing a stream of fluid onto a first side of the substrate along a laterally disposed fluid-substrate contact area. An electrical force is created on the fluid from an electrical field (originating from electrical charges which are on the second side of the substrate) that is substantially at and downstream of the fluid wetting line. The electrical field can be generated by charges that have been transferred to the second side of the substrate from a remote charge generator.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process and a device for producing an even and homogenous coating of liquids or powders on small free-falling objects that are not earthed. The process and the device according to the invention are primarily intended for surface coating of medicinal products and foodstuffs.

Abstract: The time needed to planarize the surface of an integrated circuit is reduced by causing the planarization liquid to settle in the presence of artificial gravity that supplements natural gravity. A number of different ways to achieve artificial gravity are described. These include centrifuging, magnetic repulsion, vertical pulling by a motor, and providing a pressure differential between the top and bottom sides of the wafer holder.

Abstract: Apparatus for applying powdered coating to a workpiece--particularly to electric motor armatures and stators--including features relating to handling and masking of workpieces before, during and after coating, is provided. A first feature of the invention is the inclusion of all coating steps--e.g., coating, cleaning and precuring--as modules in a single treatment station on the production line. The treatment station can also be enclosed in a single housing to contain excess powder from both the coating and cleaning processes, so that a single powder recovery system can be used to recover the excess powder from both processes. The invention also includes a handling system for removing the workpiece from the production line, inserting it into the treatment station and moving it past the various modules in the treatment station, withdrawing it from the treatment station, and returning it to the armature production line.

Abstract: A device for insulating the spray liquid source from the high tension voltage of an electrostatic spray system when using an electrically conductive spray liquid. The device comprises a spray gun (13), a supply line (12) which connects the spray gun (13) to a spray liquid reservoir (10) and which includes a vessel (16) containing a barrier forming liquid (17) of low electrical conductivity and a density other than that of the spray liquid. The vessel (16), which is substantially non-conductive is connected at its inlet end (24) to ground potential and at its outlet end (19) to the same high potential as the spray gun (13). An electrode means (22; 25) is provided in the vessel (16) to expose the spray liquid passing through the vessel (16) to at least one intermediate potential for controlling the tension gradient in the barrier forming liquid by limiting and controlling the charging of the spray liquid.

Abstract: A magnetic mechanism is provided for a non-mechanical printer or copier device comprising a conveying channel through which a developer mix including magnetic components contained therein flows, so that a plug of developer mix is generated via the magnetic mechanism for closing the conveying channel. The conveying channel contains a rotatable drum containing a magnetic strip and the drum is arranged in the conveying channel such that the one wall of the conveying channel forms a narrow retaining gap together with the drum and the other wall of the conveying channel forms a significantly broader conveying gap together with the drum.

Abstract: A generator is disclosed herein for producing dendriform patterns or designs on a substrate workpiece employing an electrical device for charging a liquid as it flows between the oppositely charged electrodes over the substrate. The dendriform pattern, shape and growth is controlled by liquid composition, applied voltages, temperature devices, vibratory devices and the like. The electrodes are disposed in fixed spaced relationship over the surface of non-conductive substrate so that the liquid is charged assuming the characteristics of one polarity while a field of opposite polarity is present at the other electrode. The gravity flow of the charged liquid introduces new liquid to the electrode and the counter reacting force field creates the molecular array of dendriform patterns.

Abstract: A deflecting device includes a deflecting electrode (13), which is disposed at a spacing below a lip nozzle (11.1), from which the viscous coating material (10.2, 10.1) flowing freely in the form of a sheet is emerging, and which extends over the entire width of the coating material sheet. This deflecting electrode includes an electrode arrangement (31), the exposure region of which facing the sheet surface is subdivided into a number of electrode elements (33) which taper outwardly to a point. When placed under a voltage, the electrode arrangement (31) provides an ion stream directed towards the surface of the coating material sheet. The impact of this ion stream on the surface of the coating material sheet (10.2) imparts to the latter a change in direction (.alpha.) towards the deflecting electrode (13), so that a flat substrate (5.1) running horizontally towards the deflected coating material sheet (10.1) impinges on the sheet (10.1) at an acute angle (.beta.). The impact of the substrate (5.

Abstract: Apparatus for electrostatically flock-coating elongated workpieces on a conveyor belt, wherein flock charged by an electrostatic field drops upon a workpiece from a feed opening located above the workpiece to be flock-coated, and excess flock is collected at the bottom of the apparatus and returned to the feed opening, which includes a stationary cylindrical inner housing having a substantially horizontal longitudinal axis and formed with a feed opening, the feed opening being elongated and located in a region of the cylindrical housing on an upper apex line thereof, the housing being also formed with a discharge gap in a lower region thereof whereat the conveyor belt is simultaneously disposed; a cylindrical outer jacket coaxially surrounding and spaced from the cylindrical inner housing and being rotatable about the inner housing; and elastic transport strips disposed in the space between the inner housing and the outer jacket and fastened to the outer jacket, the elastic transport strips extending along ge

Abstract: Excessive heat-generating current levels produced in semiconductive materials by electrostatically assisted coating apparatus employed to, for example, improve the uniformity of a coating applied to such materials are avoided by passing an auxiliary current through said semiconductive materials in the same region and in a direction opposite to that of the current produced by said electrostatically assisted coating apparatus such that the difference between the said current produced by said electrostatically assisted coating apparatus and the said auxiliary current is less than or equal to a predetermined value.

Abstract: Oil is delivered by a single pumping means to an application header which extends across the path of movement of an electrically grounded metal strip requiring oiling. A perforated plate within the header divides it into two chambers and forms a diffuser between the two chambers to assure an even distribution of oil in the chamber which receives its oil by passage through the diffuser. The perforated plate also forms a charging electrode for oil filling the header and serves a third purpose in that it is a final filter for the oil passing through the header. The header has oil delivery orifices or a continuous delivery slot leading from the chamber of the header which faces the metal strip. Oil is attracted in small discrete streams onto the surface of the grounded strip traveling in near proximity to the header and the strip is uniformly coated with oil across its full width. Excess oil is recovered and returned to the pumping means for recycling in the system.

Abstract: Improved electrostatically assisted coating apparatus for placing an electrostatic dipole-type charge, of a predetermined magnitude, on material to be coated before and/or remote from the location where the coating is actually applied to said material by a coating applicator.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic developing unit having a decorator for applying magnetic toner to a latent magnetic image in a downwardly moving magnetic imaging member. Preferably the imaging member is in the surface of a cylinder and the decorator is at the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock position. The decorator comprises a housing containing a lower toner supply and background cleaner roll, an intermediate toner transfer roll and an upper toner decorator roll. Each of the rolls comprises a rotating non-magnetic sleeve and a plurality of elongated internal magnets which alternate in polarity adjacent the rotating sleeve and their relative positions are adjustable.

Abstract: A device for the electrostatic application of particles entrained in a stream of gas to a non-conductive, flat substrate, typically a web or sheets of paper. The particles are electrically neutral in the stream. A charging electrode is located below the substrate in the area where the gas stream impinges on the substrate. The substrate is advancing lengthwise, and a counterelectrode is located below the substrate in the direction of advance from the charging electrode. Preferably the direction and velocity of the gas stream near the substrate and direction and velocity of the substrate itself are approximately equal. Also in the preferred form, a grounded collecting pan is located beneath the electrodes.

Abstract: This invention relates to apparatus and a method by which a liquid is applied in desired configurations to a continuous web which travels at a relatively high rate. The liquid may be that which is applied by jets or the like. According to this invention after the liquid is applied to the web excess quantities of fusible powder material are applied to the web during travel thereof. Some of the powder material adheres to the liquid, and powder material which does not adhere to the liquid is removed from the web prior to heating of the web to dry the liquid and to fuse the powder material.The liquid which is applied to the web in desired configurations may be a clear or colorless liquid, such as water or the like. The liquid may be a water-base ink or the like. The powder material applied to the wet configurations provide desired color or aesthetic qualities or protective qualities to the configurations and to the web.

Abstract: The developer storage capacity of a development system for an electrostatic processor is increased by adding a passive reservoir to supplement the system pump. Provision is made for maintaining a more or less continuous flow of developer into and out of the reservoir, including means for feeding developer from the reservoir to the sump whenever the supply of developer within the sump drops below a predetermined level. In a cascade development system, a hopper having a constricted discharge orifice leading to the development zone of the processor is filled to overflowing with developer so that there is a substantialy constant head causing the orifice to meter developer into the development zone at a substantially uniform rate. The reservoir is, in turn, positioned to intercept the overflowing developer and to feed developer into the sump whenever the supply of developer therein drops below the bottom of the reservoir.

Abstract: A special inexpensive development electrode within a cascade development station is positioned closely adjacent to a xerographic drum to define a development zone therebetween. The electrode is roughened by producing deflection elements thereon forming a waffle-like or diamond-shaped knurled pattern projecting into the development zone, and, at the same time, is designed to be spaced from the drum by a distance which varies from between a relatively wide spacing adjacent the input end of the development zone and a relatively narrow spacing toward the output end of the zone.

Abstract: In an electrostatic copier using a particulate developer mix the invention provides a source of the mix, a supply ramp having an inlet end located higher than the source, and a conveyor for conveying the developer mix from the source to the inlet end of the supply ramp. The conveyor is composed of an endless flexible belt trained about at least one driven roller and having one end portion which extends into the source and another end portion which discharges onto the inlet end of the ramp. A plurality of pins is anchored in the belt and projects from a conveying surface thereof so as to entrain the developer mix from the source.

Abstract: An apparatus for depositing electrostatically and magnetically responsive particulate matter on a conductive surface having an electrostatically charged latent image comprises an elongate permanent magnet that is disposed adjacent to the conductive surface and that is capable of producing a magnetic field having a region of concentrated magnetic flux that permeates the surface and also a region of dilute magnetic flux that is inclined and generally adjacent to the surface, a hopper for storing the particulate matter, and a channel connected to the hopper disposed in the region of dilute magnetic flux having two opposite converging walls that terminate adjacent to the conductive surface in the region of concentrated magnetic flux. The particulate matter when introduced to the region of dilute magnetic flux is caused to be moved by magnetic forces and gravitational forces from the region of dilute magnetic flux to the region of concentrated magnetic flux.