Abstract: The soot-blower is embodied by a double tube which is disposed in a heat exchanger surface formed of straight welded-together tubes. The double tube soot-blower is formed of two concentric tubes with nozzles extending radially between and secured to the respective tubes. The inner tube is adapted to be supplied with a soot-blowing medium and the nozzles are arranged to blow the medium across the face of a heat exchanger surface or wall. The nozzles may be of one-piece construction or multi-piece construction.

Abstract: A method of identifying a parameter of a model for a rate of loss of boiler efficiency due to a sootblowing operation, in a boiler or other convection heat transfer device having a plurality of heat traps, comprises measuring a time since a last sootblowing operation in the heat trap in question, measuring an overall boiler efficiency at the beginning of sootblowing for the heat trap in question, measuring a change in efficiency due to the sootblowing operation and calculating the parameter using an equation. According to the equation, the ratio of efficiency change over overall boiler efficiency equals the time factor since the last sootblowing operation times the parameter minus a summation of factors for each of the other heat traps and their associated sootblowing operations.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for unclogging the top surface of the tube plate of a steam generator comprising, in a cylindrical vessel, a bundle of bent tubes of inverted U-shape and connected to a tube plate. The unclogging is achieved by two water jets under high pressure coming from projection heads and which can be directed towards the tube plate. These two water jets are moved simultaneously and symetrically with respect to the diametric boundary line of two zones in the form of a semi-circle on the tube plate. At the same time the detached sludge is removed by aspiration of this sludge throughout the length of the peripheral zone of the tube plate.

Abstract: A sludge cleaning lance advancing apparatus includes a frame having a lead screw rotatably disposed in the frame. An electric stepping motor is connected to the frame and a belt and pulley drive is connected between the stepping motor and the lead screw for rotating the lead screw upon rotation of a shaft of the stepping motor. A lance carrier has an internal screw thread engaging the lead screw, and the lance carrier and lead screw are so arranged and constructed that the lance carrier is moved longitudinally relative to the lead screw as the lead screw is rotated relative to the lance carrier. A lance is carried by the lance carrier. A handwheel is attached to the lead screw for manually rotating the lead screw to initially position the lance. An alignment rod is provided to aid in this initial positioning.

Abstract: For removal of the sludge deposits on the tube sheet of a steam generator which comprises, in a vertical cylindrical enclosure closed by said sheet, a bundle of parallel heat exchange U-shaped tubes sealingly connected to said sheet at both ends and distributed to form parallel sheets of tubes, a lance is radially moved from the center of the tubular plate between two parallel sheets of tubes rather than in the tube lane. Movement occurs in a direction parallel to the tube sheet and in close proximity to the latter. Two streams at least of cleaning fluid under a high pressure are directed toward the plate from the end portion of the lance and in directions which are fixed and symmetrical with respect to the direction of the two sheets of tubes. The streams are cut off as they confront the tubes during radial movement of the lance. And the cleaning fluid is flown out of the enclosure of the steam generator from the periphery of the bundle of tubes.

Abstract: An economizer construction for use in recovering heat from flue gases is disclosed including a housing with a flue gas passage therethrough, a helically wound heat transfer coil positioned in the flue gas passage for placing a heat transfer fluid in a heat exchange relation with the flue gases passing through the flue gas passage where the heat transfer coil defines a generally vertically extending central opening therethrough, and a soot blower assembly with an elongate soot blower lance rotatably mounted in the coil central opening for directing a pressurized cleaning fluid over the heat transfer coil to periodically clean it. Different embodiments of the rotary mounting of the soot blower lance are disclosed. Also, different embodiments of the drive means for rotating the soot blower lance are disclosed.

Abstract: A soot blaster has a lance tube which is retractable and linearly movable. At least one of these movements can be interrupted by a time-delay relay when the tube reaches its frontmost operating position.

Abstract: An improvement in a radiation boiler for cooling a gas stream containing solid and molten particles wherein gas is introduced vertically via a gas feed at the top of a radiation boiler having a cooled gas outlet and a water bath disposed at the bottom thereof for removing the particles after they have been solidified and cooled. Between the gas feed and the water bath are disposed at least two concentrically arranged cylindrical tubular heat exchange elements vertically disposed in the boiler and forming at least one annular passage therebetween. The passage through the innermost heat exchange element is in fluid flow registry and fluid flow communication with the gas feed.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a rotary wall deslagger for cleaning boilers. In accordance with the invention, an extensible rack element is selectively, mechanically coupled to a rotatable lance tube of the rotary wall deslagger to move the lance tube between a working and non-working position. When the selective mechanical coupling between the rack and the lance tube is released, the rack is extensible relative to the lance tube to activate a cleaning fluid discharge means and a driving means to impart a rotary motion to the lance tube. In accordance with another feature of the invention, the selectively-operable, mechanical coupling is released after the lance tube has been moved to its working position and the cleaning fluid discharge means and the rotary drive means are activated by the rack element substantially simultaneously with one another so that the cleaning fluid reaches the discharge nozzle of the lance tube at full pressure as rotation of the lance tube begins.

Abstract: A sootblower for an economizer of the type having a vertically extending cylindrical casing in which is mounted a plurality of spiral coils arranged parallel to each other in concentric relation with respect to the central vertical axis of the cylindrical casing. The spiral coils are in the form of finned tubes, the coils being disposed in closely spaced relation but providing clearance between the fins on adjacent coils. A heat exchange fluid is conducted through the spiral coils whereby the coils can extract heat from exhaust gases passing upwardly through the economizer from a boiler.

Abstract: An economizer construction for use in recovering heat from flue gases is disclosed including a housing with a flue gas passage therethrough, a helically wound heat transfer coil positioned in the flue gas passage for placing a heat transfer fluid in a heat exchange relation with the flue gases passing through the flue gas passage where the heat transfer coil defines a generally vertically extending central opening therethrough, and a soot blower assembly with an elongate soot blower lance rotatably mounted in the coil central opening for directing a pressurized cleaning fluid over the heat transfer coil to periodically clean it. Different embodiments of the rotary mounting of the soot blower lance are disclosed. Also, different embodiments of the drive means for rotating the soot blower lance are disclosed.

Abstract: An arrangement for pressure gasification of fine-grain coal in which the exit of a reactor is followed by a waste heat boiler for cooling the generated gas. The waste heat boiler has a radiation section and downstream heat exchanger surfaces. The reactor is provided, furthermore, with cooling cubes which are studded and lined with refractory ramming mix. The radiant type heating surfaces are sized so that the gas temperature at the exit of the radiation section is situated below the ash sintering temperature of the coal being used. On gas sides, the radiation section is followed by a pressure vessel accommodating convection type heating surface banks which are swept by the generated gas. The radiation section may be in the form of two gas passages through which the gas flows successively. These gas passages are formed by the tube walls welded between each other in a gas-type manner.

Abstract: In a device for the treatment of synthesis gas produced by coal gasification, a vertically extending shell is connected to a coal gasification reactor so that the interior of the shell is in direct communication with the interior of the reactor. The interior surface of the shell is lined with upwardly extending heat exchange tubes. Additional heat exchange tubes in combination with the tubes lining the shell form a plurality of upwardly extending chambers projecting radially inwardly from and spaced angularly apart about the tube lining. Tubes coextensive with the heat exchanger tubes forming the lining, are located within the chamber for conveying a cleaning fluid. The tubes are arranged to direct the cleaning fluid approximately tangentially of the heat exchanger tubes lining the shell for cleaning the exterior surfaces of such tubes.

Abstract: A method for removing sludge that may be deposited on a tubesheet of a steam generator comprises placement of fluid headers at the elevation of the sludge to be removed establishing a circumferential fluid stream at that elevation. A fluid lance is moved along the line between the headers emitting a pulsating fluid jet perpendicular to a line of movement of the fluid lance at an elevation substantially corresponding to the level of sludge deposits. The fluid jet forces the sludge to the periphery of the tubesheet where the sludge is entrained in and carried away by the circumferential fluid stream.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing sludge that may be deposited on a tubesheet of a steam generator comprises fluid headers at the elevation of the sludge to be removed for establishing a circumferential fluid stream at that elevation. A fluid lance is also provided for being moved along the line between the headers emitting a pulsating fluid jet perpendicular to a line of movement of the fluid lance at an elevation substantially corresponding to the level of sludge deposits. The fluid jet forces the sludge to the periphery of the tubesheet where the sludge is entrained in and carried away by the circumferential fluid stream.

Abstract: A cleaning system for furnace walls in which a cleaning fluid such as air is manifolded through numerous small slots in the furnace wall, exiting adjacent the curved surfaces of the heat exchange tubes. The fluid attaches to and follows the curved tube surfaces to continuously scrub the soot therefrom.

Abstract: A slag blower wall box has a first seal incorporated therein engagable with a slag blower or lance tube extending therethrough and a second seal fixed to the wall box and engagable with the slag blower and with a flange on the wall box. The second seal which is split diametrically is held together by a spring and is held against the outer flange of the wall box by a thrust ring. The second seal floats or is movable radially of the wall box so as to provide a seal with the wall box flange and at the same time to provide a seal around the periphery of the tubular slag blower.

Abstract: Digital sootblower control systems and methods therefor are provided in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. In the digital sootblower control systems provided within the present invention, a programmable controller is interconnected to a scanner, a display panel, sootblower drivers, sootblower signal receivers, and information input panels. The information input panels are capable of designating sootblowers within the system, sootblowing program routines to be established and sequences of program routines to be initiated. The programmable controller is provided with an executive program which is determinative of system parameters to be monitored as well as limits upon sootblowing program routines to be established. Once a sootblowing program routine has been initiated by an operator, the programmable controller issues orders to the sootblower drivers to start an initial sequence of sootblowers defined in the inititated sootblowing program routine.

Abstract: An economizer for extracting heat energy from low temperature flue gases while simultaneously removing therefrom contaminates consisting chiefly of oxides and oxygen acids of sulfur. The economizer includes a plurality of heat exchange tube assemblies, each of which comprises concentrically spaced inner and outer tubes of different materials. The spaces between the concentric tubes are filled with graphite which remains in heat conductive contact with the inner and outer tubes while accommodating their differential rates of thermal expansion and contraction upon heating and cooling. In the preferred form of the invention, the outer tube is made of low expansion borosilicate glass, while the inner tube is of copper. The flue gases flow transversely to the tube assemblies while water is rapidly circulated through the copper tubes in order to absorb efficiently the heat conducted sequentially through the glass, graphite and the copper materials.