Abstract: Electrode elements directly heat water and with an electric current controller that is controlled by the heated water volume, which structurally enables immediate production of high temperature steam. The innovations of the invention here include: the utilization of an electric current controller than can be set at a certain value so that an electromagnetic water input valve is switched on or off at an appropriate time, which permits the maintaining of a fixed volume of water inside the water container and as such, the water inside the water container is not only prevented from overflowing, but at the same time forms an electric field with the electrode elements and is subsequently directly heated and thereby enables the production of high temperature steam in an extremely short period of time.

Abstract: A water purifier which purifies water by superheated steam. The water purifier includes a raw water reservoir for contaminated water; a heater at least partially disposed within the raw water reservoir and including a heat source, an inlet for steam and an outlet for superheated steam; an inlet conduit in fluid communication with the inlet of the heater for transporting steam produced by boiling said raw water; and a condenser in fluid communication with the outlet of the heater. The heater both boils the raw water to produce a substantially saturated steam and superheats the substantially saturated steam. The water purifier can further include a purified water reservoir in fluid communication with the condenser.

Abstract: An electric hot water heater tank is fitted with a plurality of separators that divide the tank into a plurality of chambers surrounding the tank axis and extending between the top and bottom walls. The adjacent chambers communicate alternately in a direction radially outwardly with respect to the axis proximate to the top wall and proximate to the bottom wall such that water flows through the adjacent chambers in opposite directions generally parallel to the axis. An electric heating element is received in the innermost chamber, and a cold water supply inlet conduit leads from outside the tank into the innermost chamber. A hot water outlet conduit leads from the outermost chamber to outside the tank. An optional venturi injector draws water from one of the chambers radially inward from the outermost chamber and injects it into the outlet conduit.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling reheater steam temperature is disclosed. The method can be carried out by selectively adjusting the flow of superheated steam into a superheater positioned between two reheater sections in the convection pass of a carbonaceous fuel boiler system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heating device for submersion within a tank of water to boil the water to produce steam, and for superheating the steam, comprising an outer sleeve; an inner sleeve partially disposed through the outer sleeve and having a proximal end, and a distal end in the form of an outlet port, the inner sleeve further defining a vapor chamber; a heating element disposed within the vapor chamber and in electrical communication with an external electrical power supply, the heating element adapted to produce heat in response to electrical energy from the power supply; a steam inlet tube extending outwardly from the inner tube and in fluid communication with the vapor chamber; and a one way valve disposed within the vapor chamber adjacent the outlet port, the valve adapted to selectively gate the flow of vapor from within the vapor chamber through the outlet port; wherein the heating device is configured to heat the water within the tank to a boil to produce steam, the steam inlet tube ada

Abstract: According to this invention, a gas supply apparatus includes a bomb, a mass flow controller, a valve, and a heating means. The bomb is filled with a liquid gas. The mass flow controller controls a flow rate of an evaporated gas supplied from the bomb to supply the liquid gas having a vapor pressure lower than an atmospheric pressure to a vacuum vessel evacuated at a predetermined degree of vacuum through a long pipe. A valve is arranged between the bomb and the mass flow controller and performs supply/interruption of the gas flowing into the mass flow controller. A heater heats the mass flow controller, the valve, and a pipe for connecting the mass flow controller and the valve.

Abstract: A water heater includes a base formed in a board, a control device disposed on the base, a vessel fixed to the board and connected to the base, and a heater disposed in the vessel for heating the water contained in the vessel. The water heater occupies a small volume and includes a simplified structure such that the manufacturing cost of water heater can be greatly reduced.

Abstract: An apparatus which dispenses small quantities of water of variable temperatures, and improved quality and taste, comprising a reservoir connected to the mains for heating and storing water at a temperature above its atmospheric boiling point, and an outlet for boiling water. The apparatus is fully filled with water under normal operating conditions. According to the invention, the apparatus has at least one outlet connected to a source of water having a temperature lower than the atmospheric boiling point.

Abstract: A forced draft gas burning water and/or space heater having a screen type vertically extending tubular burner provided with a deflector plate supported transversely within the burner tube for free vertical sliding movement therein on a vertical extending guide rod mounted in the burner tube. At the outset of each heating cycle of the heater, the pressurized combustible gas/air mixture initially forced upwardly into the open lower end of the burner tube pushes the deflector plate upwardly therein along the guide rod and is deflected thereby laterally outward through the apertured screen wall of the burner tube into the bottom region of the combustion chamber of the heater to cause immediate ignition of the initial combustible gas/air mixture by the igniter means located within the combustion chamber and eliminate any sputtering ignition effect.

Abstract: An apparatus for vaporizing a multicomponent liquid consists of a vaporization chamber into which liquid is injected through a nozzle with sufficient velocity to ensure multiple impingements with the heated surfaces of the chamber so that vaporization is substantially complete. The apparatus may have a plurality of injection nozzles, each responsive to a valve. The valves are sequentially operated by a control circuit to provide a substantially continuous stream of liquid to the vaporization chamber.

Abstract: A water distiller for vaporizing and condensing water. The distiller is provided with a container for holding the water to be distilled and a water level regulator for maintaining the water in the container at a desired level. A heating element is provided that is positioned just below the desired water level and spaced from the sides of the container. A cover is positioned atop the container for sealing the container and for suspending the heating element into the water. A condenser on top of the cover condenses vapor produced by the heating element. The distiller may be equipped with a sensor for sensing the temperature of the air above water level in the container and a shut off switch for removing power from the heating element responsive to a high temperature reading in the sensor.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method and apparatus for generating fluids such as steam at elevated temperatures and pressures. The invention includes at least one or, alternatively, a plurality of interconnected tanks which are capable of holding fluids at elevated temperatures and pressures. At least one tank is heated externally and includes an improved heat exchanger for efficiently carrying out heating of the tank. The invention includes a fluid level sensor for sensing the level of liquid in the tank, whereby the sensor deactivates heating of the tank when the level of fluid in the apparatus drops below a preselected level.

Abstract: The instant steam generator comprises a body wherein is embedded a heater element and which defines a cavity which constitutes a vaporization chamber. The cavity is connected to a water injection coupling and to a steam emission coupling. A drop-breaker device is removably accommodatable in the cavity for the complete vaporization of the water introduced.

Abstract: A steam generator, especially a pure steam generator, having a feed line for conducting feed water to the same, an electrode system for heating the feed water, a steam outlet for removing generated steam, and a separating space in a lower part of the generator 10, along with a droplet separator through which the steam that has been generated is disposed to flow from the separating space to the steam outlet. Electrodes have been placed in small tubular spaces in a water space (i.e. a space receiving incoming feed water). The steam generator may be used in a multi-stage distilling apparatus by conducting the steam that has been formed to a second column or stage of the distilling apparatus, to constitute feed steam therefor.

Abstract: A vapor phase processing apparatus of the type wherein an article is heated to a preselected temperature for vapor phase processing, comprises a vessel containing a liquid having a boiling point at least equal to the preselected temperature, into and out of which the article is transported, and a heating device for boiling the liquid in the vessel to produce vapor. The heating device is provided, as the sole source of heat, at a base wall of the vessel in such a manner that the heating device is not exposed to the liquid in the vessel.

Abstract: A model steam generator for simulating the environment inside a nuclear steam generator in order to monitor the condition of the heat exchange tubes of the nuclear steam generator is disclosed herein. The model steam generator includes an electrically-powered thermosyphon heating means for circulating a flow of vapor and condensate through the sample tube in a closed loop. The thermosyphon includes riser tubes which are concentrically disposed within the sample heat exchange tube along a substantial portion of the longitudinal axis thereof for both directing a stream of steam into the inside walls of the heat exchange tubes, and for insulating this flow of steam from the resulting stream of condensate which flows down from the inner walls of the sample tubes. The elimination of the counter-current forces between the stream of steam and the downflowing film of condensate prevents the formation of heat-obstructing ripples of condensate on the inner walls of the sample heat exchange tubes.

Abstract: An improved model steam generator for simulating the conditions within a nuclear steam generator in order to monitor the condition of the heat exchange tubes and tubesheet of the nuclear steam generator is disclosed herein. The improved model steam generator includes a highly effective separator assembly for separating water droplets entrained within the steam flowing out of the outlet of the secondary side of the generator formed from a plurality of separator grids, each of which includes an array of semi-cylindrical deflector members. The grids are vertically stacked with the deflector members transversely disposed to the flow of steam generated by the model steam generator. Each of the parallel arrays of deflector members in each grid is angularly disposed approximately 45.degree. to the deflector members in the grids above it and below in order to provide a tortuous path for the flow of steam ascending therethrough.

Abstract: An improved, compact model steam generator having multiple primary systems is described herein. The model steam generator of the invention is capable of simultaneously simulating a plurality of thermo-hydraulic conditions which may exist in various areas of a full-scale nuclear steam generator in order that the effect of these various conditions on the heat exchange tubes within the full-scale generator may be separately monitored. The model steam generator of the invention generally includes a boiler vessel having a primary side which houses a plurality of individually controllable primary systems, a tubesheet, a secondary side, and a plurality of sample heat exchange tubes for transferring heat between each of the individual primary systems and the secondary side of the boiler vessel.

Abstract: A boiled water supplying apparatus which includes: a water heating closed tank having a water inlet and a water outlet; a conduit having one open end thereof connected to the water outlet and the other open end thereof arranged at a level higher than the water outlet; a water level regulating means for maintaining the water level in the water heating tank at a level lower than that of the other open end of the conduit; and a heating unit provided in the water heating tank for boiling the water; whereby the water can only be forced to flow out of the water heating tank by the vapor pressure of the boiling water. Downstream from the tank are provided a filter means, a hot water receiving tank and a heat exchange unit which can preheat the ingoing cold water of the water heating tank with the boiled water.

Abstract: The process described is a novel use of two complementary processes, the first of which provides the product to be converted into energy by the second process, related in such a way that the two combined provides an alternative to conventional fuels at a significant economical advantage. Specifically, the burning of sulfur with air or oxygen produces sulfur dioxide which can be combined with water to form sulfuric acid and by electrolysis, the sulfuric acid and water is converted to hydrogen gas. Hydrogen gas is burned as has been the sulfur, each producing thermal energy which is used to produce steam. The steam produced by burning the two fuels, sulfur and hydrogen gas, is used in the pulp mill in exactly the same manner as has been steam produced by burning fuels such as natural gas, fuel oil, coal and wood.

Abstract: A steam generator assembly, particularly for use in connection with the mechanical preparation of pulp, for generating pure steam required in a subsequent process, such as drying of proper in a paper machine, by utilizing the condensation heat of contaminated steam coming from a preceding process, such as a grinding process, includes a steam converter and electrical boiler arranged in a common housing to form a unified structure. The steam converter utilizes the condensation heat of the contaminated steam to generate pure steam from water supplied to the converter. The electric boiler is connected in parallel to the steam converter and includes electrodes adapted to generate steam when moistened by water supplied to the boiler from a separate water container in the housing. Selective control of the supply of water to the electric boiler and the extent to which the electrodes are moistened regulates the amount of pure steam generated by the electric boiler.

Abstract: A water heater capable of generating water at any temperature from ambient mains temperature to boiling and also for generating steam on demand includes a closed water tank having a water inlet with a valve for allowing or preventing ingress of water into the tank, a non-return valve for preventing water from the tank flowing back into the main supply and a pressure reducing valve for ensuring that the water pressure in the water inlet pipe and in the tank does not exceed a preset value, a water level transducer for detecting the water level in the tank, a heater for heating the water in the tank, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of water in the tank, a hot water outlet arranged towards the bottom of the tank, preferably a mixing valve in the hot water outlet mixing hot water leaving the tank with water at ambient mains temperature, a steam outlet arranged towards the top of the tank, and a controller receiving signals from the water level detector, the temperature detector and a programmer

Abstract: An electrode boiler includes a boiler shell having at least two spaced electrodes arranged about a vertical axis and positioned to be at least partially immersed in a water zone in the shell; the water zone including a relatively cold water zone below the lower edges of the electrodes. A pair of vertically spaced nozzles are provided for introducing water into the shell during operation of the boiler. The vertically higher nozzle is arranged to introduce water into the shell in the water zone directly between the electrodes in substantially horizontal radially-directed jets. The vertically lower nozzle is arranged to introduce water directly into the relatively cold water zone in a stream directed on the base of the boiler shell.

Abstract: An instant hot water dispenser has an upper plastic tank section connected to a lower brass tank section by a safety clamping arrangement which includes outturned tabs on the upper plastic tank section which interfit in notches in the brass lower tank section and a retainer ring located between the plastic tabs and outturned metal flanges on the brass tank section. An O-ring seal between the plastic upper tank and the brass tank provides a fluid seal. Various of the plumbing connections are integrally molded with the plastic top and expansion chamber cover which is separated from the main water tank by a common wall or partition. An aspirator opening in an integrally formed plastic stem in the expansion chamber cover aspirates water from the expansion chamber as incoming cold water passes the aspirator opening.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for obtaining water at a desired temperature from a generally vertical tank such as a water heater is disclosed, characterized in that water is drawn from the tank at a plurality of spaced vertical points where the water temperature has the desired temperature. The tank contains a quantity of water having a variable non-uniform temperature. A vertical pipe open at its upper and lower ends is centrally arranged within the tank, the lower end of the pipe extending through the bottom of the tank to define a water outlet. A plurality of normally closed, temperature responsive valves are connected with the pipe in vertically spaced relation. Each of the valves is operable when the water adjacent thereto has a predetermined temperature to deliver that water to the pipe, whereby the water at the outlet will have the predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A steam boiler for producing superheated steam directly in the boiler from saturated steam being generated therein includes a plurality of vertical sealed high pressure boiler water heating tubes, each provided with an electrical heating element and containing a limited quantity of water, mounted in a boiler water filled well in the bottom wall of the boiler. Energization of the heating element of each sealed tube produces high pressure saturated steam in the tube causing the tube to rise in temperature to generate saturated steam in the boiler from the water in the well. The tubes each have a vertical extent substantially greater than the controlled depth of water in the boiler. The saturated boiler steam is superheated by an elongated, sealed, vertical vessel mounted on the bottom wall of the boiler and extending upwardly into the boiler steam space above the upper ends of the heating tubes.

Abstract: An energy saving control circuit for a water heater having a hot water storage tank provided with an electrically operated heater, i.e., an electric heater or an electrically controlled combustion burner, includes a water flow detection device associated with either the cold water inlet or hot water outlet of the tank for sensing the flow of water into or out of the tank and arranged to energize the heater upon detection of water flow indicative of the withdrawal of water from the tank. A holding circuit maintains the heater energized, even though the flow of water ceases, until such time as a thermostatic switch responsive to the temperature of the water in the tank disables the holding circuit and deenergizes the heater upon the water stored in the tank attaining a predetermined desired temperature.

Abstract: Steam is generated in a small enclosure disposed within a large tank. Water is separately heated in the enclosure and in the tank. The enclosure is in direct communication with the tank. Steam generated within the enclosure is connected to a dispensing nozzle for use in connection with food and beverage products.

Abstract: An electric boiler includes a first electrode disposed within a chamber and comprising an upwardly oriented water nozzle surrounded by a convolute electrode member. A second electrode is disposed within the chamber vertically above the first electrode and has a bottom center opening for receiving water from the nozzle and a dome for redirecting the same radially outwardly. The second electrode also includes an annular water receptor surrounding said opening and having a plurality of drain openings spaced from the center opening and a plurality of pipe sections of different lengths disposed respectively in said openings for discharging water downwardly onto the convolute electrode member. Control means is connected to the nozzle for varying the water delivery rate therefrom in response to steam pressure in said chamber.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for an instant steam generator is disclosed comprising a small diameter, continuous metal tube formed into a closed, cylindrical helix. A heat source in contact with either surface of the helix such as a cartridge heater inserted into the helix generates steam in the water flowing in the tube. A set of thermostats in contact with each end of the helix permits fast turn on of the heater but prevents overheating and fusion of the output end of the helix.

Abstract: This invention relates to a steam turbine system which utilizes a unique heat-absorbing lens-shaped heating plate and boiler for the production of steam.