Abstract: A control device is applied for an internal combustion engine which is provided with a high-pressure fuel pump driven by a driving shaft of the internal combustion engine to discharge a fuel pressurized in a pressurizing chamber, an accumulator accumulating a high-pressure fuel discharged from the high-pressure fuel pump, and a relief valve which is opened when a fuel pressure in the accumulator is higher than a specified pressure in order to return the fuel in the accumulator to a specified chamber where a fuel has lower pressure than a fuel in the pressurizing chamber. An idle speed of the internal combustion engine is increased to a specified speed when the fuel pressure in the accumulator has been higher than a determination pressure, which is lower than the specified pressure, for a first period or longer.

Abstract: A control system includes an internal combustion engine and a control device. The internal combustion engine includes a pressurization device. The pressurization device includes a housing having a cylindrical shape, a piston, a pressurization chamber, a piston chamber, a pressurization control chamber, and a switching device configured to selectively connect the pressurization control chamber with a high pressure fuel channel or a low pressure fuel channel. The control device estimates the temperature of the low pressure fuel channel. When the estimated temperature of the low pressure fuel channel is lower than the temperature of the pressurization device, and the temperature of the pressurization device is higher than a predetermined cooling request temperature, the control device controls the switching device to connect the pressurization control chamber with the low pressure fuel channel.

Abstract: A control device includes a control amount change part that changes an energization control amount of a control valve, an operation detection part that detects an operating condition of the control valve when the energization control amount is changed, a learning part that learns the energization control amount based on the operating condition of the control valve to reduce an operating noise of a high-pressure pump, and a determination part that determines whether or not an operating time of the control valve for the energization control amount is shorter than a time that allows for the detection of the operating condition of the control valve. The learning part prohibits the learning when the operating time of the control valve for the energization control amount is determined to be shorter than the time that allows for the detection of the operating condition of the control valve.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes an injector body with a bore; an injector needle located within the bore and engageable with a needle seat to control fuel injection through an injector outlet; an armature member, the armature member being engageable with an armature seat on the injector needle, the injector needle in part and the armature member in part defining a control chamber; an actuator arrangement arranged to control fuel pressure within the control chamber such that fuel pressure variations within the control chamber controls movement of the injector needle relative to the needle seat wherein the actuator arrangement is arranged to be capable of moving the armature member from a seated position in which it engages the armature seat to an unseated position in which the armature member has moved relative to the armature seat in order to bring the control chamber into fluid communication with a low pressure drain.

Abstract: A circuit and a method for a digital inlet valve having a shutter moveable between a closed and an open position and actuated by a linear electromagnetic actuator including a movable needle located inside a coil winding connected to a power source by a first electronic switch. An electric current is supplied to the coil winding. A parameter indicative of a movement of the needle is monitored. The electric current supply is adjusted when the monitored parameter exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: A fuel supply device supplying a fuel stored in a fuel tank to an engine includes a low-pressure pump configured to feed the fuel, a high-pressure pump configured to compress the fuel discharged from the low-pressure pump and to feed to the engine, a first low-pressure passage member configured to define a first fuel passage from the low-pressure pump to the high-pressure pump, and a second low-pressure passage member configured to define a second fuel passage branched from the first fuel passage at a low-pressure junction portion and joining the first fuel passage at a low-pressure confluence portion, wherein the first fuel passage and the second fuel passage are different in at least one of (i) temperatures of the fuels that flow through the fuel passages and (ii) passage lengths of the fuel passages from the low-pressure junction portion to the low-pressure confluence portion.

Abstract: A system for determining health of a component is provided. The system includes an operational parameter module associated with the component and in communication with a controller. The controller is configured to receive an operating parameter signal from the operational parameter module. The controller is configured to monitor a change of the operating parameter over a predetermined time period. The controller is configured to compare the monitored operating parameter with a first predetermined threshold. The controller is configured to determine a rate of change of the monitored operating parameter over the predetermined time period. The controller is also configured to compare the determined rate of change with a second predetermined threshold. The controller is further configured to determine the health of the component based, at least in part, on the comparisons with the first and second predetermined thresholds respectively and one or more additional parameters associated with the component.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine control device for a dual-injection internal combustion engine acquires first and second increase values, which are fuel increase ratios according to respective alcohol concentrations of a fuel injected by cylinder injection and a fuel injected by port injection. The control device determines a basic total injection amount of fuel that should be supplied to each cylinder in the case where the alcohol concentration of the fuel is zero. An amount of fuel injected from a cylinder injection valve is determined as if the alcohol concentration of the fuel were zero. A total injection amount is to correspond to an amount in accordance with the basic total injection amount and both, the first increase value and the second increase value, so that the increase in injected fuel amount is borne by port injection.

Abstract: A method of operating an engine with dual fuel injection capabilities to address fuel rail over-pressure due to stagnating hot fuel is shown. The method comprises operating an engine cylinder with only port injection, and selectively activating and deactivating the second injector in response to a rail pressure increase of a fuel rail, the fuel rail coupled to the second injector, and deactivating the second injector in response to a rail pressure decrease of the fuel rail to a lower threshold determined based on engine operating conditions. In this way, degradation of the second injector may be reduced while maintaining a desired level of engine performance.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel supply device for an internal combustion engine. When fuel pressure in a high-pressure fuel pipe changes as a result of the driving of a high-pressure pump, the changing fuel pressure propagates as pulsation into a low-pressure fuel pipe. A degree of influence of propagation of pulsation decreases as fuel pressure in the low-pressure fuel pipe increases. When the high-pressure pump is in an operating state where the degree of influence of the pulsation of the fuel pressure propagating from the high-pressure fuel pipe on the fuel pressure in the low-pressure fuel pipe is high, boost control for driving a feed pump to raise the fuel pressure in the low-pressure fuel pipe is executed.

Abstract: A fuel pump unit includes a pump head provided with an axial blind bore within which is arranged a piston extending from an inner end, inside the bore, to an outer end, outside the head, the outer end cooperating with a cam follower and a cam of which rotations reciprocally displace the piston. The pump unit also includes a coil spring axially compressed between pump head and the cam follower and a tubular turret assembly extending toward the cam and provided with a through bore through which extends the piston, the final spirals of the spring being slipped around the outer surface of the turret. The turret is an added part, non-integral to the pump head and, arranged in abutment against an under face of the pump head, the blind bore being coaxial to the through bore arranged in the turret.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including an intake passage fuel injection valve for injecting fuel into an intake passage and a cylinder inside fuel injection valve for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber, includes: a fuel pump pressurizing and feeding fuel, which is fed from a fuel tank, to the cylinder inside fuel injection valve; a securing part provided on a cylinder head member of the internal combustion engine to secure the fuel pump; an introducing member having heat conductivity, the introducing member connected to the fuel pump and formed with: a first introducing path for introducing fuel from the fuel tank to the fuel pump; and a second introducing path for introducing fuel from the fuel tank to the intake passage fuel injection valve; and a heat transmitting member transmitting heat between the introducing member and the securing part.

Abstract: A control valve assembly for controlling fuel pressure in a control chamber of a fuel injector. The control valve assembly comprising a valve member arranged in a bore provided in a valve housing, at least one of the valve member and the valve housing being moveable with respect to the other, wherein the valve member comprises a fuel-receiving cavity arranged to receive fuel that distorts at least a portion of the valve member so as to increase an external dimension thereof.

Abstract: A direct injection fuel supply system, in one exemplary implementation, includes a lift fuel pump, a positive displacement pump, at least one fuel injector and an accumulator assembly. The lift pump is adapted to be in fluid communication with a supply of fuel and the positive displacement pump is in fluid communication with and downstream of the lift pump. The at least one injector is in fluid communication with an outlet of the positive displacement pump via a high pressure fuel line. The accumulator assembly includes an accumulator and a valve, where the valve is in direct fluid communication with the high pressure fuel line and the injector. The valve is selectively controlled to at least one of an open state providing fluid communication between the accumulator and the high pressure fuel line and a closed state blocking fluid communication between the accumulator and the high pressure fuel line.

Abstract: A high-pressure fuel pump includes a pressurizing chamber for pressurizing fuel, an outlet valve for discharging the fuel pressurized in the pressurizing chamber to an outlet passage, a relief passage for connecting the outlet passage located downstream of the outlet valve and the pressurizing chamber with each other while bypassing the outlet valve. A relief valve device is provided in the relief passage and adapted to open when an internal pressure of the outlet passage becomes higher than that of the pressurizing chamber, thereby providing communication between the outlet passage and the pressurizing chamber. The relief valve includes a relief spring mechanism for pressing a relief valve to a relief valve seat. At least the relief spring mechanism among members of the relief valve device is provided outside the pressurizing chamber in the pump body.

Abstract: A method for controlling a fuel delivery system of an internal combustion engine, having a fuel delivery pump that is driven by an electric motor. The pressure that prevails in the fuel delivery system is determined by a volume difference between the fuel quantity delivered by the fuel delivery pump and the fuel requirement of the internal combustion engine and/or of the fuel delivery system.

Abstract: The pressure of the fuel is increased at a constant pressure intensification ratio after operating the pressure reducing device so that the pressure difference between the fuel passage and the control chamber after the operation has a value smaller than the predetermined pressure difference, if the required pressure of the fuel is higher than a reference pressure and lower than a pressure obtained by multiplying the reference pressure by a constant pressure intensification ratio.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for direct fuel injection. In one example, a fuel injector system includes an injector needle with an injector pin with a curved fuel channel of non-uniform width around the outer circumference of the injector pin, fluidically connected along the length of the curved fuel channel with a fuel reservoir inside the injector pin. An actuator coupled to the injector needle may sequentially move and position the injector needle to establish fluidic connection between the curved fuel channel and with one or more nozzle holes of the fuel injector at each position, where a duration of the fluidic connection at each position is based on a width of the curved fuel channel, and may determine the volume of fuel being discharged from only those nozzle holes, thereby reducing fuel spray interaction and increasing fuel spray atomization.

Abstract: A fluid conditioning module having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet is provided. The fluid conditioning module includes a first pump element, a second pump element, a pressure regulator, a controller, and a prime mover to impart rotational motion in the first and second pump elements. A first pump inlet is in fluid communication with the fluid inlet. A filter inlet is in fluid communication with a first pump outlet and a second pump outlet, and a filter outlet is in fluid communication with the fluid outlet. A pressure regulator inlet and a pressure regulator outlet are in fluid communication with the filter outlet and a recirculation conduit, respectively. The control valve has a first position and a second position, which allows fluid flow through the recirculation conduit. The controller adjusts operation of one or more of the prime mover and the control valve based upon a predetermined parameter.

Abstract: A pumping unit has a fuel storage tank (2), a piston pump (6) for feeding the fuel to an internal combustion engine (3); a gear pump (7) for feeding the fuel from the storage tank (2) to the piston pump (6), and a hydraulic circuit (46) which connects together the storage tank (2) and the internal combustion engine (3), extends through a pump body (8) of the piston pump (6) so as to lubricate an actuating shaft (36) of the piston pump (6) and has a collection branch (55) for collecting the fuel leaks resulting from the lubrication of said actuating shaft (36); the collection branch (55) being connected to an intake (37a) of the gear pump (7) so as to lubricate an actuating shaft (42) of the gear pump (7) with the fuel from said collection branch (55).

Abstract: A method is provided for pairing at least two injectors, e.g., two fuel injectors for a direct injection system of an internal combustion engine, wherein a criterion for the pairing of the at least two injectors is a total leakage and/or a pressure difference at a transfer pin of the respective injector. A method for producing an injector, e.g., a fuel injector for a direct injection system of an internal combustion engine, is also provided, wherein at least two instances of mechanical backlash, e.g., instances of pairing backlash, that are relevant to injection amounts, leakage amounts, and/or pressure differences of the injector are paired with each other.

Abstract: A pump has at least one pump element that comprises a pump piston that is driven in a reciprocating movement by a drive shaft having at least one cam and that defines a pump working chamber which, during the suction stroke of the pump piston is selectively filled with pumped medium via an inlet valve. The at least one cam is a multiple cam having multiple cam delivery areas for the delivery strokes of the pump piston. The inlet valve is configured to be electrically actuated. The inlet valve is closed when the pump piston is situated in the cam delivery area to be used for the delivery. The inlet valve is opened when the pump piston is situated in a cam delivery area that is not to be used for the delivery. Cam profiles of the cam delivery areas of at least one multiple cam are of different design.

Abstract: A method to control a fuel pump for a direct injection system provided with a common rail comprising the steps of calculating the objective fuel flow rate to be fed by the high pressure pump to the common rail instant by instant to have the desired pressure value inside the common rail; comparing the objective fuel flow rate with the maximum flow rate that can be delivered by the high pressure pump; and, based on the comparison between the objective fuel flow rate and the maximum flow rate that can be delivered by the high pressure pump, controlling the high pressure pump so as to alternate operating cycles of the high pressure pump with the maximum flow rate that can be delivered and idle operating cycles of the high pressure pump.

Abstract: A pump unit for supplying fuel, preferably diesel oil, to an internal combustion engine has at least two cylinders (10), which are formed in at least one head (9), are slidingly engaged by respective pistons (13), and communicate hydraulically with respective fuel inlets (11) in the cylinders (10) via respective interposed intake valves (15) provided with respective valve bodies (16) incorporated in the head (9); the inlets (11) of all the cylinders (10) being closed by a single cover (33) fixed to the head (9).

Abstract: A mechanism for reducing pressure pulsation includes a pair of metal dampers formed by joining two disk-shaped metal diaphragms over an entire circumference and forming a hermetically sealed space inside a joined portion. Gas is sealed in the aforementioned hermetically sealed space of the damper, and a pair of pressing members give pressing forces to both outer surfaces of the aforementioned metal dampers at a position at an inner diameter side from the joined portion. The mechanism is unitized, with the pair of pressing members being connected in a state in which they sandwich the metal damper.

Abstract: A screening apparatus includes a light permeable measurement chip having a well retaining a liquid including microparticles, a measuring section acquiring optical information of the microparticles obtained by illuminating the microparticles, an analyzing section that extracts optical information of the microparticles, a receiving plate receiving a microparticle selectively picked up from the measurement chip, a moving section moving the measurement chip and the receiving plate against the measuring section, and a collecting section for collecting a microparticle by sucking with the suction-ejection capillary and ejecting on the receiving plate. A distal-end outer dimension of the capillary is greater than a width of the well. The capillary sucks the target microparticle at a position where the distal end of the capillary and the measurement chip are spaced by a predetermined distance and a central axis of the distal end of the capillary and a central axis of the well are mutually displaced.

Abstract: A high-pressure fuel supply pump including an electromagnetically driven intake valve is configured such that a pressure equalizing hole is provided in the valve stopper positioned between the valve and a pressurizing chamber. The pressure equalization hole connects a spring storage space, provided between a valve and a valve stopper, with a surrounding fluid passage. The high-pressure fuel supply pump is further configured such that an opening of the pressure equalizing hole at the spring storage chamber side is open at a position at the inner side of a diameter of the spring. Since the pressure in the pressurizing chamber can be introduced into the inner side of the spring without traversing the spring, the unstable behavior of the spring or the valve due to the introduced pressure eliminated. Since the force applied to the valve when the valve closes is stabilized, the closing timing of the valve is stable.

Abstract: The cryogenic fuel supply system for an engine is arranged in locomotive two sections connected by an inter-section connection for the purpose of transferring fuel from one section to the other. There is a cryogenic reservoir for storage of a liquefied cryogenic fuel, a positive-displacement high-pressure cryogenic pump, an oil heat-exchanger, a gas heat-exchanger, a gas mixer, a gas receiver, a fuel filter, a controlled gas metering unit, pipelines, valves, controlled valves, and a control unit. The cryogenic fuel supply system further includes an intermediate buffer arranged between the cryogenic reservoir and the positive-displacement high-pressure pump and connected to the cryogenic reservoir by pipelines and to the positive-displacement high-pressure cryogenic pump by a pipeline and two additional pipelines.

Abstract: A method for detecting a closing time of an injector valve includes receiving a valve current profile of the injector valve, processing the valve current profile using at least a slope discriminator, determining a stuck status and a closing time (if applicable) of the injector valve based on an output of the slope discriminator. An engine control unit configured to detect a closing time of an injector valve is also provided. The engine control unit has a first control logic configured to receive a valve current profile of the injector valve, a second control logic configured to process the current profile using at least a slope discriminator, and a third control logic configured to determine a stuck status and a closing time of the injector valve based on an output of the slope discriminator. Further, a vehicle system including a controller configured to detecting a valve closing time is provided.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a direct injection fuel pump. The methods and system control pressure within a compression chamber so as to improve fuel pump lubrication.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for operating a lift pump of an engine fuel system. In one example, a method may comprise limiting a lift pump voltage to a lower first level when powering on a lift pump from off. The method may further comprise maintaining the lift pump voltage at the lower first level for a duration before increasing the lift pump voltage above the first level.

Abstract: A method of operating a cryogenic fuel system for supplying fuel to an engine is provided herein. A cryogenic fuel pump is operated to pump fuel to be supplied to the engine. At least a portion of the pumped fuel is diverted to be supplied to an accumulator, when a fuel demand of the engine is less than a discharge output of the cryogenic fuel pump. Further, the supply of the pumped fuel from the cryogenic fuel pump to the engine and the accumulator is stopped, when a pressure within the accumulator reaches a first predefined pressure limit. Furthermore, the fuel is supplied to the engine from the accumulator, when supply of the pumped fuel from the cryogenic fuel pump to the engine and the accumulator is stopped.

Abstract: A fuel-injection system comprises a control unit that controls the injection of a fuel cylinder of an engine such that an injection volume of the fuel is injected into one of the cylinders during each work cycle of the engine. To this end, the control unit actuates an inlet valve and/or outlet valve such that, during pump strokes of a high-pressure pump which follow one another, a different high-pressure volume of the fuel per pump stroke is delivered into a pressure accumulator during at least two consecutive work cycles. The high-pressure volume that is produced per work cycle corresponds to the injection volume that is removed from the pressure accumulator per work cycle and is constant during each of the consecutive work cycles.

Abstract: Methods are provided for controlling a solenoid spill valve of a direct injection fuel pump, wherein the solenoid spill valve is energized and de-energized according to certain conditions. An example control strategy is provided for operating the direct injection fuel pump when fuel vapor is detected at an inlet of the direct injection fuel pump. To ensure pump effectiveness during the presence of fuel vapor, the solenoid spill valve may be maintained energized for a minimum angular duration past a top-dead-center position of a piston in the direct injection fuel pump.

Abstract: A dual-fuel injection system having a combustion gas-supply device and a liquid fuel-supply device, including a combustion gas-injector unit with a liquid fuel-control part and a gas nozzle part, to which combustion gas can be supplied. The stroke of a gas nozzle needle of the combustion gas-injector unit can be controlled by liquid fuel supplied to the liquid fuel-control part. The combustion gas-injector unit defines a leakage collecting space, via which a leakage path is lead, the leakage path extending from the liquid fuel-control part into the gas nozzle part. The dual-fuel injection system has a pressure-regulating device, by which a defined pressure level can be set in the leakage collecting space. An implementation method using such a dual-fuel injection system is also proposed.

Abstract: When a plunger of a high pressure pump is rising, a high pressure pump controller closes a regulator valve by energizing a solenoid of an electromagnetic actuator of the high pressure pump to discharge fuel into a delivery pipe. Further, this fuel discharge energization is stopped before the plunger reaches top dead center at a pump TDC timing. Further, a fuel pressure of the delivery pipe is detected at the pump TDC timing, and based on that detected value, a time Td from the pump TDC timing until a valve opening timing of the regulator valve is estimated. Once the estimated time Td elapses from the pump TDC timing, the solenoid is reenergized to removed a movement speed of a movable portion in a direction that pushes the regulator valve in an opening direction.

Abstract: A fuel injector is provided comprising an outer housing, a nozzle housing disposed within the outer housing, a flow path between the outer housing and the nozzle housing, the flow path being coupled to a low pressure fuel source, and a circumferential gap in flow communication with the flow path and extending about a tip of the fuel injector between an outer surface of the nozzle housing and an inner surface of a combustion shield adjacent the injector tip. The circumferential gap is in flow communication with a drain gap between the outer housing and a bore for receiving the fuel injector, the drain gap routing the low pressure fuel away from the injector tip.

Abstract: A method and an assembly for controlling the pressure in a high-pressure region of an injection system in an internal combustion engine. A set high pressure is compared to an actual high pressure in order to determine a control deviation, the control deviation representing an input variable of a controller. A high pressure pump is controlled by a solenoid valve and the angle at which the delivery of fuel by the at least one high-pressure pump is to start is used as a manipulated variable of the high-pressure closed-loop control system.

Abstract: A high-pressure fuel pump actuator used in an engine, which is used in a fuel injection system of an engine, is mounted on between a driving cam and a fuel pump plunger. The pump actuator includes a guide sleeve, a U-shaped holder, and a pin shaft roller set. The U-shaped holder is formed by stamping the steel plate integrally. The guide sleeve uses a special windowing manner. Both ends of the pin shaft do not need riveting. The structure of the present invention has less number of parts and integrated functions, which can notably reduce the entire weight, the inertial force, the friction, and the abrasion. The operation is steady. The efficiency of the engine is improved.

Abstract: A fluid injector has a solid state actuator and a control piston unit arranged in a recess of an injector body. A transmission pin mechanically couples the actuator to the control piston unit. A first control chamber, coupled hydraulically to a second control chamber, is delimited by the control piston unit and the injector body. A control piston of the control piston unit has an end surface that is coupled to the transmission pin and which delimits the first control chamber. The control piston unit has a control sleeve arranged coaxially with the control piston and an inwardly directed projection that provides a driving coupling between the control piston and the control sleeve after a predefined control stroke of the control piston. The driving coupling results in the control piston influencing a free volume of the first control chamber during an axial movement of the control piston.

Abstract: A method for adapting the injection characteristic of a fuel injection valve of an internal combustion engine to production-related tolerances is described. In the method, an injection quantity correction value is determined from the deviation of the idle travel and the deviation of the injection quantity of the injection valve before the operating phase of the injector. This injection quantity correction value is used to determine the injection-specific deviation of the injection quantity during the operating phase at the start of the operating phase of the injector in conjunction with the current deviation of the idle travel which is determined in the system. The injector-specific deviation of the injection quantity which is determined is used to correct the injection characteristic. As a result, changes in the injection quantity of an injector can be detected and corrected particularly precisely on the basis of production tolerances.

Abstract: An injector has an injector body including an injector cavity defining an inner wall and a longitudinal axis, an injector orifice and a plunger slidably disposed within the injector cavity. The plunger has an outer portion and an inner portion at different locations longitudinally along the plunger. The inner portion has a plurality of surface portions including a guiding portion configured to substantially mate with the inner wall of the injector cavity, guide the plunger to slidably move in a direction along the longitudinal axis and substantially prevent the plunger from laterally translating within the injector cavity. The plurality of surface portions also includes a restriction portion configured to form a restrictive cavity between an exterior surface of the inner portion and the inner wall of the injector cavity axially along a length of the inner portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to an injection device for an internal combustion engine, comprising a needle and an armature, which is operatively connected to the needle in such a way that a movement of the needle can be produced by movement of the armature, the armature having at least one passage bore, through which fuel can be conducted to a needle tip, characterized in that a longitudinal axis of the needle and a longitudinal axis of the passage bore are oriented askew in relation to each other.

Abstract: A method for operating a fuel delivery device of an internal combustion engine includes switching an electromagnetic actuating device of a volume control valve so as to set a delivery volume. An intensity of an energy that is supplied to the electromagnetic actuating device for switching purposes, in particular of a current supplied to the electromagnetic actuating device and/or a level of a voltage applied to the electromagnetic actuating device, depends at least intermittently on a rotational speed of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A valve seat member which partitions between a supply passage and a pressurizing chamber, includes an inner flow path, which communicates between the supply passage and the pressurizing chamber, and an outer flow path, which is placed on a radially outer side of the inner flow path. An inner valve is seatable against inner valve seat formed in an opening of the inner flow path. An outer valve is contactable with an end surface of the inner valve, which is opposite from the inner valve seat. The outer valve is seatable against an outer valve seat, which is formed in an opening of the outer flow path.

Abstract: Exemplary fuel injectors for use in fuel injection devices are disclosed. An injector may have a control chamber, which can be selectively relieved of pressure by means of a pilot valve in order to control a nozzle needle stroke of an axially displaceable nozzle needle of the injector. The fuel injector may have at least one nozzle on a first end, and the control chamber on a second end of the nozzle needle. The control chamber may be sub-divided by a throttle plate accommodated therein into a first chamber and a second chamber, with the second chamber being positioned closer to the nozzle, and the two chambers communicating with each other via the throttle plate. First and second resilient elements may be accommodated in a pre-stressed manner against the throttle plate in the first chamber and in the second chamber, respectively.

Abstract: A method is described for operating at least one magnetic switching element, at least one first connection of at least one sensor device being connected to at least one connection of a coil of the magnetic switching element, and the first connection or an additional connection of the sensor device being connected to a reference potential, and a measuring state being established in which at least one connection of the coil is essentially at least temporarily decoupled from the reference potential and/or from a source activating the coil, and at least one signal of at least one sensor of the sensor device being ascertained in the measuring state from at least one electrical potential at at least one connection of the coil.

Abstract: A fuel injector assembly is adapted to inject a compressed fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The compressed fuel is stored in a fuel storage tank at a fuel storage pressure and delivered to the fuel injector assembly through a fuel supply line at a fuel supply pressure. The fuel supply pressure is lower than the fuel storage pressure. The fuel injector assembly includes a fuel injector and an adapter valve. The fuel injector injects the compressed gas fuel. The adapter valve is positioned between the fuel injector and the combustion chamber. The adapter valve allows the compressed gas fuel injected by the fuel injector to be discharged from an outlet of the adapter valve into the combustion chamber in an injection direction while preventing blowback gas entering the outlet from passing through the adapter valve in an ingress direction opposite the injection direction.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with at least two movable bodies each being sealingly and movably received within a respective internal cavity to define at least one combustion chamber of variable volume. A pilot fuel injector and a main fuel injector are provided for each movable body. A first chamber of a common rail is in fluid communication with each main fuel injector, and a second chamber of the common rail in fluid communication with each pilot fuel injector. A first metering or pressure regulating valve is in fluid communication with the first chamber. A second metering or pressure regulating valve provides selective fluid communication between the first and second chambers; the metering or pressure regulating valves are settable at different pressure values from one another. The movable bodies may be reciprocating pistons. A method of combusting fuel in an internal combustion engine is also provided.

Abstract: A mechanism for reducing pressure pulsation includes a pair of metal dampers formed by joining two disk-shaped metal diaphragms over an entire circumference and forming a hermetically sealed space inside a joined portion. Gas is sealed in the aforementioned hermetically sealed space of the damper, and a pair of pressing members give pressing forces to both outer surfaces of the aforementioned metal dampers at a position at an inner diameter side from the joined portion. The mechanism is unitized, with the pair of pressing members being connected in a state in which they sandwich the metal damper.