Abstract: A cylinder head has a head portion for attachment to an engine cylinder of an internal combustion engine, and a combustion chamber dome is adjustably received in a central aperture of the head portion. External circumscribed threads on the combustion chamber dome engage corresponding threads in the central aperture of the head portion so that the combustion chamber dome may be adjustably moved into a preselected adjusted position within the central aperture by rotation of the combustion chamber dome with respect to the head portion.A method of adjustably establishing a combustion chamber in a cylinder of 1 an internal combustion engine is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved drive train which includes an engine having at least one power cylinder with a power piston mounted for reciprocating motion therein. The power piston is connected to a crank shaft in the usual manner for translation of the reciprocating motion of the power piston into rotation of the crankshaft, which in turn, is transmitted in the conventional manner to the drive wheels of the vehicle. Provision is made for the feed of fuel into a combustion chamber located within the power cylinder at one side of the power piston. Intake and exhaust valves, in fluid communication with the combustion chamber serve, respectively, to allow intake of air during an intake stroke of the power piston and exhaust of combustion products during an exhaust stroke of the power piston. A floating piston at least partially closes the combustion chamber opposite the power piston and is mounted for reciprocating motion relative to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having at least one volume adjustable cylinder which automatically adjusts its compression ratio during operation. The volume adjustable cylinder includes a movable head insert placed inside the insert space formed on the engine head directly over the piston. An adjustable lock nut is used to attach the head insert to the engine head and to initially set the position of the head insert in the insert space to establish the initial volume of the combustion chamber of the cylinder. An O-ring made of elastomeric material is disposed between the head insert and the inside surface of the engine head which resists movment of the head insert in the insert space. When the engine operates at higher RPMs, the compression pressure increases inside the cylinder which forces the head insert into the insert space to expand the volume of the combustion chamber which, in turn, reduces the combustion pressure of the cylinder.

Abstract: An improved arrangement for controlling and adjusting the compression ratio of an internal combustion engine (10) during operation. A secondary cylinder (201) is formed in the engine cylinder head (102) and opens upon the combustion chamber (110) of the engine. A secondary piston (203) is positioned by a control device (503) within the secondary cylinder (201). The rear most position corresponding to the lowest compression ratio. The desired position of the secondary piston (203), that compression ratio which corresponds to maximum efficiency of the engine, is controlled by a logic unit (816) operating upon such inputs as the engine load as correlated to the input manifold pressure, the engine RPM and the present position of the secondary piston (203). The linkage of the control may utilize a servo motor or hydraulic driver to rotate a shaft (301). All secondary pistons (203) may be operated in unison or a control system may be provided for each cylinder (201).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arrangement for an internal combustion engine. The engine is of the kind which has a number of working cylinders (1, 2, 3, 4), each of which communicating with a corresponding auxiliary cylinder (5, 6, 7, 8). Each working cylinder has a working piston (9, 10, 11, 12) which is so arranged as to execute a reciprocating motion and, via a connecting rod (9a, 10a, 11a, 12a), the working piston is operatively connected to a first crankshaft (17). Each auxiliary cylinder (5-8) has an auxiliary piston (13, 14, 15, 16) which is so arranged as to execute a reciprocating motion and via a connecting rod (9a-12a), the auxiliary piston is operatively connected to a second crankshaft (18). Acting between the aforementioned crankshafts is a device (19, 20, 21) to ensure that the motion of the auxiliary piston (13-16) occurs in a relation to the motion of the working piston (9-12), and to provide angular displacement between the shafts (20, 21).

Abstract: A reciprocating rocking-piston two-cycle engine where the piston is skirtless, rigidly mounted to its connecting rod, and slides up and down in a preferably waisted cylinder is shown and described. The free and of the connecting rod is laid out as an adjusted counterweight to assure smooth running of the rocking piston. An exhaust slide runs on a frontal cylinder wall and is hinged on the piston edge.

Abstract: An L-head two stroke engine comprises two pistons mounted for reciprocable movement in first and second cylinders respectively. The cranks of the two pistons are drivably connected such that the pistons are in phase. A fuel/air supply is provided for one cylinder where it is compressed and ignited causing both pistons to return to their respective bottom dead center position. The compression ratio in the one cylinder is less than in the other cylinder so as to aid retention of the air fuel mixture in the one cylinder prior to ignition.

Abstract: The present inventio relates to a valve gear for an internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine has one or more cylinders and a piston reciprocating therein as well as a cylinder head mounted on an upper end of the cylinder. At least one exhaust valve opening into an exhaust channel and at least one suction valve opening into a suction channel are arranged in each cylinder. The valves are operated by transmission of a cam shaft or the like. In accordance with the present invention, the size of a combustion space of the cylinders is adapted to be changed in a force-controlled manner periodically during one crankshaft revolution by way of a movable sleeve fitted around at least one valve. This sleeve is arranged, together with the valve, to penetrate into the combustion space for reducing the combustion space. The sleeve or sleeves can be arranged around the suction valve or valves and/or around the exhaust valve or valves.

Abstract: A conventional internal combustion engine having at least one combustion chamber, the combination of a first means for varying the volume of said combustion chamber, an intake valve operated solely by vacuum forces occurring within said combustion chamber, and a second means for varying the volume of said combustion chamber, said second means for varying the volume of said combination chamber being selectively movable in response to pressure conditions within said combustion chamber.

Abstract: In a two cycle kerosene fueled internal combustion engine, the temperature of the kerosene-air mixture is raised sufficiently to enable starting by spark ignition, without the assist of gasoline. The combustion chamber (16) is temporarily contracted by a moveable cylinder head (40) during starting to temporarily increase the compression ratio and increase the temperature of the kerosene-air mixture by increased compression pressure. The exhaust port (30) is closed by an obstruction valve (88) during starting to trap the mixture in the combustion chamber (16) such that each compression charging stroke of the piston (4) adds further heat of compression to the mixture to further heat same. An electrical resistance heater wire (114) is provided in the kerosene-air transfer passage (24) between the crankcase (14) and the inlet port (26) to the combustion chamber (16) to further heat the mixture to facilitate ignition.

Abstract: Small-sized engine operated by an expanding gaseous fluid, which comprises a cylinder (18), a piston (20) and an inlet valve (38), the upper parts of the cylinder (18) and the piston (20) cooperating momentarily with a perforated (29) resilient membrane (28) circumferentially secured to the cylinder (18) and performing the functions of a pneumatic seal temporarily.

Abstract: The cylinder head of each power cylinder of this internal combustion engine includes an auxiliary cylinder in communication with the power cylinder. An auxiliary piston is moveable within the auxiliary cylinder in synchronism with the power piston. During the compression stroke of the engine the auxiliary piston is retracted and the auxiliary cylinder becomes filled with the combustible mixture. This mixture is transferred back to the power cylinder as the power piston moves away from its upper dead center position. Thus the time during which the mixture is at maximum compression is increased and therefore the explosion takes place when the crank shaft has already rotated through an appreciable angle from the upper dead center position. Thus the torque exerted by the power piston is considerably increased with respect to the conventional engine. To further increase this torque the axis of the crank shaft is laterally offset from the center line of the power cylinder in a direction to increase said torque.

Abstract: Internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder (10), one piston (2) mounted to the crankshaft (2'), and at least one inlet valve and one exhaust valve. At the end of the cylinder (1) corresponding to the top dead center of the piston (2) are arranged on one hand a second cylinder (3) and a second piston (6) which are integral parts of the cylinder (1) and on the other hand a third cylinder (4) and a third piston (7) wherein injection means (8) and ignition means (9) are provided, the cylinder (4) communicating by a conduit (5) with the cylinders (1) and (3). The coupler means (11) provide for the drive of a small crankshaft (13). The control (10) enables via the coupler (11) a rotation angle shift up to 180.degree. between the shaft of the crankshaft (2') of the cylinder (1) and the shaft of the small crankshaft (13 ), the latter having two throws (14) and (14') offset by 180.degree. and actuating the pistons (6) and (7).

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine operable on fuels of different octane numbers implements automatic control when the engine knocks to correct the ignition timing preset in accordance with the octane number of the fuel in use to the retarded side so that the engine operates under the optimum condition. This automatic control enhances engine output and drivability, prevents engine fracture and saves fuel cost.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle nonscavenged internal combustion engine operates under controlled detonating conditions without damage to the engine and with greatly enhanced fuel economy. The engine may have any desired number of cylinders operating initially on a two-stroke cycle with spark and then under auto ignition conditions. A variable compression device is provided in each cylinder to store excess energy liberated at peak pressures and to release it back to the piston during its power stroke. A Scotch yoke connection between the piston rod and crank shaft is laterally guided to eliminate side thrust. A bounce piston shock absorber is provided to assist piston reversal and dampen inertia forces.

Abstract: In a combustion engine, the amount of working medium is controlled by allowing the engine to suck in an amount of working medium corresponding to full gas operation, of which a portion is then allowed to flow out again without being compressed, while an amount proportional to the current load is retained and compressed, the compression ratio being regulated as a function of the amount of working medium retained. In such an engine there is a movable member (4) for adjusting the compression ratio, the position of said member being controlled by a control means (9). Furthermore, there is at least one spill flow valve (12), the open-time of which is variable as a function of the current load of the engine.

Abstract: An engine includes an engine block (10) provided with cylinders (12,14) having two pistons (16,18) and a cylinder head (19) having a piston (20) biased by means of torsion bars (24). The biased piston (20) is held in position by an arm (22) which is restrained by torsion bars (24). During the compression stroke of the engine the biased piston (20) is seated with faces (30,32), in contact and on ignition of the compressed mixture the biased piston (20) is lifted off the seat (32) creating a common combustion chamber in which separate charges are mixed. The biased piston (20) limits the combustion space and thereby controls the compression ratio to suit the desired performance.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a cylinder bore providing a combustion chamber, and a piston located in the cylinder bore. A head mounted on the cylinder has concentric intake and exhaust valves operable to control the flow of gas into and out of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, two opposed pistons of equal radius are slidably mounted in a cylinder and respectively connected to cranks of unequal throws mounted for rotation at oppositely disposed cylinder ends in a common crankcase. The pistons are adjustable in opposing linear travel to define a flexible cylinder-head, the relative piston positions of piston proximity establishing a range of compressions therebetween correspondable to the respective compression-ignitions of a plurality of available fluid fuels. The cranks are gear connected and similarly offset from the cylinder's longitudinal centerline to eliminate dead centers, produce higher combustion pressures at more effective crank angles, and coordinate the pistons' relative linear speeds in exhaust, air intake, fuel injection, compression and power production in two cycle operation of the engine.

Abstract: An engine capable of storing high pressure gases and discharging them to increase the pressure of compressed fuel-mixture. A gas storage chamber is provided adjacent to the combustion chamber. The chamber opens to release high pressure gases just prior to ignition and closes just after ignition to store ignited gases until just prior to the next ignition. The working efficiency of an engine goes up as its compression ratio increases.

Abstract: An engine producing combustion of a fuel by compression rather than ignition comprises a conventional engine cylinder having a pair of opposed secondary cylinders mounted side-by-side on the upper portion of the cylinder chamber. The secondary cylinders are driven by a cam arrangement in a direction transverse to the action of the main engine cylinder and at predetermined synchronized time intervals. The secondary pistons operate in conjunction with the main piston entering the respective compression chambers on the 0.degree. top dead center system of the main piston to produce combustion by compression thereby eliminating the need for electric ignition and providing more power per cylinder. As further advantage, there is less pollution due to more efficient combustion in an arrangement which also eliminates the necessity for engine tuneups.

Abstract: A two-cycle diesel engine comprising a diesel head and a combustion chamber whose size is variable upon movement of a flexible fluorocarbon membrane. The diesel engine has an engine cylinder in which a reciprocating piston is disposed. The combustion chamber is positioned above the piston and bounded on top by the membrane. Since fuel ignition occurs because of the heat from the compression of air in the combustion chamber, the rate of firing of the engine can be altered by changing the chamber's size. This is accomplished by a flexing and unflexing movement of the membrane which is selectively controlled by a contra piston and screw mounted in the diesel head above the membrane.

Abstract: A mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engine has a combined throttle and compression control. The engine has at least one main piston sliding in a main cylinder and driving a crankshaft, and an auxiliary piston sliding in an auxiliary cylinder, which auxiliary piston is driven at half the frequency of the crankshaft by a drive shaft activated by a drive means coupled to the crankshaft. The compression chamber formed by the auxiliary piston is connected with the compression chamber formed by the main piston, and a control device is provided for modification of the phase piston of the auxiliary piston relative to the main piston so as to achieve a compression chamber volume at compression top dead center of the main piston which is variable as a function of the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine and a method of operating such an engine in which a power piston and a control piston move within a cylinder for defining between the pistons a combustion chamber. Charges of gas are drawn into an intake chamber defined within the cylinder by the control piston and are then transferred through the control piston into the combustion chamber where the charge is compressed and burned to deliver power from the engine through the power piston. In accordance with the present invention, the combustion chamber is maintained at a substantially constant volume during a combustion stroke of the power piston and as power is delivered from the engine.

Abstract: For improving the efficiency of an Otto cycle engine operating under varying loads, an opposing piston is provided above the driving piston in each cylinder and is controlled in accordance with the inlet manifold depression so as to vary the compression ratio and maintain the compression substantially constant with different working loads.

Abstract: A piston-type internal combustion engine includes a variable valve timing device controlling the timing of the intake valve, and a coupling between the accelerator pedal and the variable timing device for varying the timing of the intake valve in response to the movement of the accelerator pedal, thereby controlling the quantity of the fuel mixture in the cylinder at the time of combustion. The engine also includes means for maintaining a substantially constant compression ratio in the cylinder notwithstanding variations in the engine output.A number of embodiments are disclosed. In one embodiment, the means for maintaining a substantially constant compression ratio in the cylinder comprises an auxiliary cylinder and an auxiliary piston movable therein, the inner end of the main and auxiliary pistons communicating with each other and defining a common chamber with their respective pistons, the auxiliary piston being displaceable within its cylinder to enlarge or decrease the volume of the common chamber.