Abstract: Two pairs of double-acting pistons are disposed in a hollow toroidal structure. Each pair of the double-acting pistons is operatively connected together and moves in the same rotational direction. Each of the pistons has two heads which cooperate with a head of an adjacently disposed piston to define a cylinder therebetween. Near the closest approach of two opposed heads, the fuel-air mixture is burned and the pistons recede from each other on an expansion stroke. Near their farthest separation, one of the opposed heads of the defined cylinder first opens an exhaust port and then the other one of the opposed heads opens an intake port. On a return compression stroke, during which the opposed heads move toward each other, the exhaust port is closed first and the intake port last.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a cylindrical outer case(s) defining a base compression cylinder(s) with an inner cylindrical cylinder(s) defining power cylinder(s) circumferentially spaced in the engine and each housing opposing intake and exhaust pistons. Inlet ports for supplying pressurized air to the pistons included a small percentage of base compression air stored in an accumulator at a pressure that is the highest pressure in the engine. Flex tubes judiciously mounted in the piston and attached at either end to the piston and piston ring for supplying air from the accumulator to a plurality of pockets formed in the piston ring to hydrostatically support the pistons and piston rings. The pistons power a rotary cam mounted on opposing ends of the engine and a cam follower system positions the pistons for the 2-cycle operation. A four bar linkage system operatively connected to the piston rod to minimize piston side loads.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided having opposed pistons operating in axially spaced relation within common power cylinders. Opposed heads of the pistons define a space within which occurs a cycle of compression, ignition, combustion, and expansion. One piston controls exhaust ports, and the other piston controls air injection and fuel-air charge injection ports. Additional air injection ports, and associated supply passages or tubes, are provided to admit compressed air over the head of the exhaust piston to cool the exhaust piston head and also form a gas flow inhibiting region below the exhaust port, near the end of the power/exhaust stroke. Rotary valves control the in-flow of air and air-fuel charge to charging cylinders. Air injection ports have an optional improved construction to enhance air injection into the power cylinders. Throttle valves controlling flow of air into purge air charging cylinders are provided as an option.

Abstract: An opposed piston two cycle internal combustion engine. The movement of the opposed pistons is transmitted to two cranks, the two cranks are interlocked together by gears. The gears maintain synchronized movement of the cranks and further act as an air pump to force air intothe intake manifold 20. A fuel charge is admitted into the intake tube 19 and is controlled by the rotary valve 17 for admission into a pre-compression crankcase 3. The rotary valve allows for further communication between the precompression crankcase 3 and injection crankcase 2 via passage 22. Air is introduced into the combustion space 10 via inlet ports 14. A fuel/air mixture is further controllably introduced via a fuel injection port 13 in the injection piston 4. The exhaust ports 15 are opened prior the timing of the intake ports 14 and close prior the closing of the intake ports 14 for superior scavenging.

Abstract: A two stroke spark ignition engine requiring a minimum of one pair of cylinders is constructable in multiple cylinder pairs. Each cylinder contains two oppositely working pistons. Four pistons drive, without rocking couples, opposite sides of a single crankshaft having three crankpins. Two paired cylinders are interconnected through and share a common precombustion chamber insuring cylinder pressure equalization and require only one fuel injector and one spark plug. The valveless engine has piston controlled intake and exhaust ports and crank phasing insures that exhaust ports are opened and closed prior to the respective opening and closing of the intake ports rendering the uniflow scavenged cylinders superchargeable. The precombustion chamber is optionally made variable in volume to simultaneously provide a variable compression ratio to both cylinders without affecting piston geometry or stroke.

Abstract: In a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, an upwardly arcuately shaped combustion space is formed in the cylinder head, which contains suspended valves arranged V-shaped. The valves are moved as close as possible to the combustion space boundary and form narrow spaces with respect thereto. The radii of the transitional arcs from the valve-end faces to the combustion space boundary increase continuously from the narrow spaces in both circumferential directions of the combustion space boundary and reach their maximum values in the center plane between the valves. The combustion space curvature is matched to the predetermined angles of inclination of the valves.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to internal combustion engines of the kind comprising two working cylinders arranged in vertical side-by-side parallel relationship, there being two oppositely working pistons in each cylinder, and the movement of the four pistons being transmitted to a common drive shaft between the cylinders. The top pistons in each cylinder are connected to piston rods which in turn are secured to a crosshead and which crosshead has a pivotal connection for a connecting rod the other end of which is connected to drive a drive shaft. The lower or bottom two pistons are in like manner connected through a crosshead to the drive shaft. Fuel injection occurs at the mid-point of each cylinder between each of the two pistons in each cylinder. As to each cylinder intake air is ported in above the injector and exhaust air is ported out beneath the injector.

Abstract: A two stroke diesel engine requiring a minimum of one pair of cylinders is constructable in multiple cylinder pairs. Each cylinder contains two oppositely working pistons. Four pistons drive, without rocking couples, opposite sides of a single crankshaft having three crankpins. Two paired cylinders are interconnected through and share a common precombustion chamber insuring cylinder pressure equalization and require only one fuel injector. The valveless engine has piston controlled intake and exhaust ports and crank phasing insures that exhaust ports are opened and closed prior to the respective opening and closing of the intake ports rendering the uniflow scavenged cylinders superchargeable. The precombustion chamber is optionally made variable in volume to simultaneously provide a variable compression ratio to both cylinders without affecting piston geometry or stroke.

Abstract: An engine and method in accordance with this invention includes a plurality of parallel cylinders equally spaced from a longitudinally extending engine axis with a pair of opposed pistons in each cylinder for controlled reciprocation therein. Respective rotatably mounted axial-faced cams and followers control the motion of the pistons through the operating cycle to permit at least one power stroke from each cylinder during each rotation of the engine. A controllable divider valve located between the opposed faces of the pistons defines, on one side, a first air/fuel receiving compression chamber and, on the other side, a second relatively high-pressure ignition air receiving chamber.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle gasoline engine, comprising a power cylinder-piston assembly having a scavenging port configuration including a first scavenging port configuration first uncovered by the power piston as it moves along the power cylinder from its top dead center to its bottom dead center and a second scavenging port configuration uncovered by the power piston as it moves from its top dead center to its bottom dead center immediately after said power piston has completed uncovering the first scavenging port configuration, wherein the general rate relative to piston position in the power cylinder of uncovering of the area of the first scavenging port configuration is substantially lower than that of the second scavenging port configuration, so that the idling and low-load performance of the engine is substantially improved by improving scavenging.

Abstract: A free piston internal combustion engine has at least a motor cylinder formed with intake and exhaust ports and a driving piston reciprocating in said cylinder and cooperating with the exhaust ports. Air delivery means are formed in the cylinder for supplying air originating from a compression cylinder associated with the motor cylinder as a jet directed along the driving piston, towards the head ring of the latter to prevent overheating. The cylinder may additionally be provided with a circuit for circulating a coolant.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle gasoline engine including at least one two-stroke cycle power cylinder-piston assembly incorporating uniflow scavenging and two horizontally opposed pistons and two crankcases to perform crankcase compression, and at least one scavenging pump cylinder-piston assembly of the reciprocating type, wherein the power assembly has main and additional scavenging ports; the pump assembly has a first delivery port which supplies scavenging mixture to one of the crankcases of the power assembly and a second delivery port which supplies scavenging mixture directly to the additional scavenging port, the main scavenging port being supplied with scavenging mixture from the crankcases, wherein the top dead center of the pump assembly is, as viewed in the crank angle diagram, between the bottom dead center and the main scavenging port closing phase point of the power assembly, and wherein a means is provided so as to interrupt the supply of scavenging mixture from the first delivery port of the pump assembl

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle gasoline engine including at least one two-stroke cycle uniflow scavenging power cylinder-piston assembly which has a scavenging port configuration which consists of first, second, and third scavenging port configurations which are successively uncovered by the power piston as it moves from its top dead center to its bottom dead center, wherein the first scavenging port configuration has a substantially smaller opening area than the second or the third scavenging port configuration, and the first and the second scavenging port configurations give substantially stronger swirl to fuel-air mixture discharged therefrom than the third scavenging port configuration, which gives substantially no swirl to fuel-air mixture discharged therefrom, and the first and second port configurations are closed when the engine is operating at relatively low load above idling and below a predetermined delivery ratio, such as 0.4.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle gasoline engine having a first scavenging port which is supplied with fuel-air mixture through a mixture passage, and a second scavenging port which is supplied with air, wherein supply of fuel-air mixture through the mixture passage is substantially throttled while supply of air through the second scavenging port is interrupted, so as to perform stratified scavenging, when the engine is operating at low load, while in medium to high load operation the throttling of the mixture passage is released while air is injected through said second scavenging port, so as to generate swirling of mixture charged in the cylinder chamber.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle gasoline engine including at least one two-stroke cycle power cylinder - piston assembly incorporating uniflow scavenging and two horizontally opposed pistons, and a scavenging structure which gives zero or a relatively weak swirl to the scavenging mixture ejected into the power cylinder so as to effect stratified scavenging of exhaust gases when the engine is operating at relatively low load and which gives a relatively strong swirl to the scavenging mixture ejected into the power cylinder so as to cause high turbulence in the mixture when the engine is operating at relatively high load.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle diesel engine having at least one two-stroke cycle power cylinder-piston assembly incorporating uniflow scavenging and having two horizontally opposed pistons, at least first and second scavenging ports and two crankcases which may perform crankcase compression; a pump assembly including at least one scavenging pump cylinder-piston assembly of the reciprocating type which is separate from and is driven by the power cylinder-piston assembly; a scavenging air introducing device which introduces scavenging air compressed by the pump assembly to the first and the second scavenging ports through first and second passage systems, respectively; and a fume generating device incorporated in the second passage system and supplying fuel mist in an initial part of the air supplied through the second passage system; wherein the fume is supplied as stratified with exhaust gases so as to be heated by the exhaust gases toward decomposition and then the first passage system is interrupted before the pump as

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle diesel engine having: at least one two-stroke cycle power cylinder - piston assembly incorporating uniflow scavenging and having two horizontally opposed pistons, at least first and second scavenging ports and two crankcases which may perform crankcase compression; a pump assembly including at least one scavenging pump cylinder - piston assembly of the reciprocating type which is separate from and is driven by the power cylinder - piston assembly; and a scavenging air introducing device which introduces scavenging air compressed by the pump assembly to the first and the second scavenging ports through first and second passage systems, respectively; wherein the first passage system is interrupted before the pump assembly reaches its top dead center so that thereafter the scavenging air compressed by the pump assembly is all supplied to the second scavenging port which is adapted to generate strong swirl flows in the power cylinder when scavenging air at high pressure is supplied in a large a

Abstract: A two-cycle engine including first set of passages formed outside a cylinder connecting a first crank case with scavenging ports for feeding air-fuel mixtures from the first crank case to the cylinder, second set of passages formed outside the cylinder connecting a second crank case with the scavenging ports for feeding air-fuel mixtures from the second crank case to the cylinder, and scavenging gas merging chamber cooperative with the first and second sets of passages and located upstream of the scavenging ports for restricting flow of air-fuel mixtures in vicinity of the scavenging ports. First and second pistons are mounted in opposed relation to each other in the cylinder, the first piston opening and closing an exhaust port and the second piston opening and closing the scavenging ports.

Abstract: In a uniflow, double-opposed piston type two-cycle internal combustion engine of the type having first and second crank chambers attached to the ends of a cylinder, first and second pistons disposed in the first and second crank chambers, respectively, and slidably fitted into the cylinder so as to move toward and away from each other, an exhaust port formed through the cylinder wall and opened and closed by the first piston, and a plurality of scavenging ports formed through the cylinder wall and opened and closed by the second piston, an improvement comprising means for feeding the rich air-fuel mixture to some of the scavenging ports, means for feeding the lean air-fuel mixture or the air to the remaining scavenging ports, and the lean mixture or air scavenging ports being uncovered and opened earlier than the rich mixture scavenging ports, whereby the scavenging efficiency may be improved and the amount of air-fuel mixture escaping through the exhaust port together with the combustion products may be mini

Abstract: A two cycle engine is disclosed wherein a pair of pistons reciprocate within a common cylinder to operate a pair of crankshafts mounted at opposite ends of said cylinder. Intake mixtures for the cylinder are crankcase-pumped, and both the intake and output ports of each crankcase are valved. This valving prevents combustion within the crankcase and limits the compression volume in order to assure the highest compression of intake gases possible. A piston ring is included at the lower end of the skirt of each piston in order to further reduce the compressed volume.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprises a housing having two cylinders formed therein, a combustion chamber between the two cylinders, and two crankcases. The cylinders are angularly disposed with respect to one another in a V shape with the combustion chamber being located at the apex of the V-shaped configuration. The crankcases are located at the opposite ends of the V-shaped configuration. Pistons are slidably mounted within each of the cylinders for reciprocating movement toward and away from the combustion chambers. The pistons are operatively connected to the crankshafts. One of the cylinders has inlet ports and the other cylinder has exhaust ports and inlet ports therein. During the scavenging portion of the cycle, the exhaust ports and the inlet ports are all opened. The two sets of inlet ports serve to scavenge the previously burned gases from the combustion chamber and also serve to charge the cylinder for the next cycle.