Abstract: The present invention is for a bearing arrangement by a device for transmission of power where linear motion is transmitted into rotating motion or the like. The bearing means at the cam disc machine according to the invention is so made that the rotating cam disc is enclosed by a stationary housing whereby bearing between the stationary and rotating parts is arranged only on one side of the cylinder bore and in connection to the outgoing shaft.

Abstract: The present invention is for a new kind of sparking device. It is especially suitable for counterstroke engines in which two pistons are working against each other in a common cylinder bore. The invention is for a sparking device for combustion engines which makes it possible to change the distance between the electrodes of the sparking device both with a stopped engine and during operation. The invention also makes it possible to position the sparking device in the center of the cylinder bore and combustion space. The two electrodes are mounted separated from each other in the cylinder wall so that they are opposite to each other and have their centre axis essentially aligned with each other. A linear displacement of one of the electrodes thus means that the distance between the tips (14, 15) of the electrodes is changed.

Abstract: The present invention is for the kind of power machines, engines or compressors which have two or more pistons which work against each other preferably with a common combustion or compression chamber in a stationary cylinder and where the power is transmitted to a rotating movement without an intermediate crankshaft. It is an object of the present invention to obtain such power machine having a simple valve control means. One such device has two parallel plane discs, one stationary disc (8) and one relatively thereto rotating disc (13). The stationary disc (8) is mounted to a housing (9) and the disc (8) in turn has one in its centre positioned cylinder (1) with two end walls (2, 3). In the cylinder there are two pistons (4, 5) which are working pistons of a combustion engine and have a common combustion chamber. At the centre of the cylinder bore adjacent to the upper dead centres, UDC, of the pistons and at opposite sides thereof there are two valves (50, 51).

Abstract: The present invention is for the kind of power machines, engines, pumps or compressors which have two or more pistons which work against each other, preferably with a common combustion chamber or corresponding, in a stationary cylinder and where the power is transmitted to or from a rotating motion without an intermediate cam shaft. One such device has two parallel discs, both a stationary disc and a relatively thereto rotating disc in which there are stationary and rotating tracks. Balls move in the tracks. Between the inside of the housing and the outer edges of the discs there is a comparatively narrow slit. Lubricant which is present inside the housing is affected by the rotating disc so that the lubricant is forced out towards the inside of the housing. In order to supply lubricant to the rotating balls and from these to the rotating and stationary tracks holes and channels have been made within or adjacent to the ballholders and the stationary tracks.

Abstract: The present invention is for the kind of power machine, engines, pumps or compressors which have two or more pistons which work against each other preferably with a common combustion space or corresponding in a stationary cylinder, and where the power is transmitted to or from a rotating motion without an intermediate crankshaft. Independent of whether the machine works as engine, pump or compressor there is a need to cool the cylinder. For applications such as engines for lawn-mowers and power saws the engines must be air-cooled as in practice it is not possible to arrange a water-cooling system. Cooling of the cylinder is obtained by that holes or channels are arranged both in the rotating and the stationary disc and cooling air is made to flow through these channels. In order to further improve the cooling the outside of the cylinder may have flanges.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (1) comprising at least two cylinders (4,8) meeting to form a combustion space (12) therebetween, a first piston (3) adapted to reciprocate within the first cylinder (4) and a second piston (7) adapted to reciprocate within the second cylinder (8). The two pistons are drivably coupled via a chain drive connecting their respective crankshafts and synchronously move one with respect to the other such that the second piston moves at a frequency haft of that of the first piston. An air/fuel mixture inlet aperture (14) as well as an exhaust aperture (15) are located in the wall of the second cylinder (8) and are opened or closed by the movement of the second piston (7).

Abstract: A highly pressurized internal combustion engine, wherein arrangements to balance the intake flow of air that passes from the turbochargers to a windchest, through spring valves to compressor cylinders, that force the charge into a pressure chamber to supply an equally divided amount of charge air to the power cylinder ports that are controlled by the movements of the power pistons, with provisions to cool the air charge within the engine block coolant jacket. The bottom of the compressor pistons are employed to pump oil mist into and out of the bottom of the compressor cylinders to cool and lubricate the power pistons. A simple oil cooler surrounds the engine shaft where it passes through the cylinder block coolant jacket.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine presenting a number of cylinders, each defined by a respective axially symmetrical cavity formed in the engine block, and each defining, together with a piston sliding axially inside the cylinder and a head connected to the block, a combustion chamber served by a supply system on the head; the cylinders being divided into a first and second group, each composed of pairs of first and second cylinders arranged in a V and converging towards a respective drive shaft for each group; and the two groups being connected inverted and facing each other, so that the first and second cylinders in each pair of cylinders in the first group are connected at the respective head end so as to form a V with respective first and second cylinders in each corresponding pair of cylinders in the second group, and so that each pair of first cylinders in the two groups defines a first combustion chamber, and each pair of second cylinders in the two groups defines a second combustion chamber common to the

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for a dual compression and dual expansion internal combustion engine (8) that is compact, efficient, and has low combustion noise and emissions. The subject engine (8) includes a low pressure piston assembly (56) reciprocally disposed in an operating chamber (22) defined in a housing (10). A pair of opposed high pressure piston assemblies (58) and (60) are directly mounted on a pair of geared together, counter rotating, crankshafts (52) and (54) and reciprocally disposed in bores (178) and (186) of the low pressure piston assembly (56). The disposition of the second and third piston assemblies (58) and (60) within their respective bores (178) and (186) defines a combustion chamber (254). An intake chamber (144) for compression of inducted air and an exhaust chamber (146) for expansion of exhaust gas are defined in the operating chamber (22) between the low pressure piston assembly (56) and the housing (10).

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel improvement in diesel engines. A two cycle direct injection internal combustion diesel engine comprising four pistons utilizing two common cylinders, dual rocker shaft (internally including shaft within a shaft), plurality of intake ports, plurality of exhaust ports, water jacket and a single dual throw crankshaft. A single combustion in each cylinder or chamber acts on two pistons in opposite direction. The engine breathes by means of intake and exhaust ports utilizing a charged intake. The opposite rocker motion internally is accomplished by a shaft within a shaft. The rocker motion is transferred to rotary motion via a single dual throw crankshaft.

Abstract: Novel reciprocating engines which feature conversion units each formed of an expansion cylinder, a compression cylinder and a passageway connecting the two. Pistons in the cylinders are preferably connected via a four-bar or other linkage to the crank so that the compression piston remains at substantially top dead center for a substantial portion of the stroke of the expansion piston, and vice versa. Communication between the cylinders via the passageway may thus be continuously open with no substantial pressure drop between cylinders. Fuel may be injected into the air or other gas moving between cylinders giving an internal combustion engine, or the gas may be heated by external means. Devices according to this concept limit peak pressure and temperatures, resulting in the formation of fewer nitrous oxides.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a rotating annular cylinder containing a plurality of mutually oscillating pairs of pistons, one of each pair being rigidly fixed to a first axially-oscillating tube, the other of each pair being fixed to a second such tube concentric with the first. Each of the tubes is connected, by a "Scotch yoke", to a crank throw on a crank shaft. Each Scotch yoke includes an arm fixed at one end to its associated tube for oscillation therewith. The arm includes an elliptical slot that carries an annular ball bearing race for movement therein, one crank throw being journaled within each race. The cylinder is rotated by the crankshaft through a gear train in a fixed ratio to the rotation rate of the shaft. The pistons, having conical end faces, impart a rotational motion to the crankshaft during the power stroke of the cycle, the rotation of the crankshaft, in turn, imparting an oscillation to the piston pairs to actuate them in accordance with the strokes of the engine cycle.

Abstract: A two-cycle internal combustion engine includes two opposed pistons reciprocatable within a cylinder, between which an air-fuel mixture is injected and ignited. One of the pistons, a compression piston, is connected to a rotatable flywheel for storing energy from reciprocation of the compression piston during the adiabatic expansion stroke. The other piston, a power piston, is attached to a pump piston which operates in a hydraulic pump to displace a hydrostatic fluid at a constant reaction pressure but at a variable stroke. Work is removed from this engine through the hydrostatic fluid, which can be fed to a hydrostatic drive unit. The flywheel is not connected to the primary load, but is used principally to drive the compression piston upward during the compression stroke of the engine. During the compression stroke, the air-fuel mixture is compressed and ignited to a pressure determined by the hydraulic reaction pressure in the hydraulic pump.

Abstract: An opposed piston engine includes at least one pair of pistons synchronously reciprocatingly mounted in a hollow cylinder. At least one projection is formed on the face of one piston, while a corresponding recess is formed on the face of the other piston, the recess being dimensioned to at least partly and preferably substantially receive the projection in the recess, upon reciprocation of the pistons. The piston construction is particularly advantageous in opposed cylinder diesel engines, and can eliminate the need for a glow plug to initiate combustion in even a cold engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided having pairs of separately designated combustion and exhaust cylinders for implementing a two-stage exhaust system which derives work from the combustion gases of the combustion cylinders. The piston within each exhaust cylinder is timed by the engine's crankshaft to lead its corresponding combustion cylinder's piston by roughly a 30 to 90 degree crankshaft angle. Ignition of a combustible fuel mixture within the combustion cylinder produces combustion gases. The expansion of the combustion gases drives the combustion piston during a power stroke, and are expelled from the combustion cylinder during an exhaust stroke. The combustion gases exit the combustion cylinder via a fluidic passage to the exhaust cylinder. The combustion gases are received by the exhaust cylinder at the start of its piston's intake stroke. The timing between the combustion and exhaust piston is such that the combustion gases exert a force upon the exhaust piston during its intake stroke.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a set of annular 360 degree cylinders each containing two sets of double-headed pistons. The piston sets reciprocate approximately 45 degrees within said cylinder between two combustion ports located 180 degrees apart. The reciprocal motion of the piston sets is translated to a rotational motion to power a drive shaft by four ratchet and pawl mechanisms connected to circular gear sets. An adjustable combustion cylinder allows the total cubic volume of the engine to be varied according to the power needed at any given time.

Abstract: An energy transfer unit comprises an upper wall, a lower wall spaced apart from the upper wall and being substantially parallel thereto, and at least three piston members pivotably mounted between the upper wall and the lower wall forming a chamber therebetween. Each piston member includes a piston face and a first edge. The pistons are disposed between the upper wall and the lower wall whereby the first edge of one piston member is slidably engaged with the face of an adjacent piston member. Preferably four piston members are provided thereby resulting in the compression chamber defining an alternatingly expanding or contracting cube.

Abstract: A compression ignition, internal combustion engine has at least one pair of pistons operating in separate cylinders interconnected through a transfer port. Said at least one pair of pistons includes a leading piston linked to a leading crankshaft and operating in a leading cylinder, and a trailing piston linked to a trailing crankshaft and operating in a trailing cylinder. For the purpose of varying the compression ratio, the phase relation between said leading and trailing pistons is varied by means of a phase adjustment mechanism which operatively couples the leading and trailing crankshafts of the engine. The fuel is injected into the leading cylinder by means of a centrally situated multi-hole fuel injector. The clearance volume of the trailing cylinder is at a practical minimum in order to maximize the amount of air available for combustion in the leading cylinder.

Abstract: This invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising: a combustion chamber having at least one rigidly fixed inner wall surface and at least two movable inner wall surfaces reciprocally mounted and adapted to reciprocate from a first position lessening the internal volume of the combustion chamber to a second position expanding the internal volume of the combustion chamber; the two movable, inner wall surfaces are adapted to remain in the first position lessening the internal volume of the combustion chamber of a crankshaft means operatively attached to each of the movable, inner wall surfaces; a spark plug secured in the combustion chamber and having the spark gap terminals thereof extending into the combustion chamber; and a pair of inlet and exhaust valves disposed in the combustion chamber and opening inwardly thereinto complete the major components of the novel engine.

Abstract: This invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising: a combustion chamber having at least one rigidly fixed inner wall surface and at least two movable inner wall surfaces reciprocally mounted and adapted to reciprocate from a first position lessening the internal volume of the combustion chamber to a second position expanding the internal volume of the combustion chamber; the two movable, inner wall surfaces are adapted to remain in the first position lessening the internal volume of the combustion chamber of a crankshaft means operatively attached to each of the movable, inner wall surfaces; a spark plug secured in the combustion chamber and having the spark gap terminals thereof extending into the combustion chamber; and a pair of inlet and exhaust valves disposed in the combustion chamber and opening inwardly thereinto complete the major components of the novel engine.

Abstract: An improved gas injection system for uniflow dual fuel engines having a plurality of cylinders, a piston in each cylinder, inlet ports arranged around each cylinder to be uncovered by downward movement of the piston in the cylinder is disclosed. It is comprised of a seal located in one inlet port and a reed valve assembly connected to the inlet port via the seal. An inlet pipe connected to the reed valve assembly is adapted to be connected at its distal end to a gas source. An air inlet pipe is connected between the port seal and the reed valve assembly for feeding air therebetween such that when the piston closes the one inlet port, air from the air inlet pipe will close the reed valve to prevent further flow of gas.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a plurality of cylinders arranged parallel to and equally spaced from a longitudinally extending engine axis with a pair of opposed pistons mounted in each cylinder for controlled reciprocation therein. Respective rotatably mounted axial-faced cams and connected followers control the motion of the pistons through the operating cycle to permit at least one and preferably more power strokes from each cylinder during each rotation of the engine. A controllable divider valve is located between the opposed faces of the pistons to define, on the one side, a first air/fuel receiving compression chamber and, on the other side, a second relatively high-pressure ignition air receiving chamber.

Abstract: A uniflow dual fuel engine including a plurality of cylinders, a piston in each cylinder, inlet ports arranged around each cylinder to be uncovered by downward movement of the piston in the cylinder. Air is forced into the cylinder through the inlet ports and there is a fuel injector to pump diesel fuel into the cylinder. There is an inlet pipe extending into one end of the port of each cylinder to end immediately adjacent the interior of the cylinder and connected at its distal end to a gas source.

Abstract: A free-piston engine formed by one or more units, each comprising a pair of opposed pistons connected to a common piston rod and movable within two opposed cylinders, with a load, such as the inductor of a linear alternator, connected to an intermediate point of the piston rod, and in which there is provided at least a cam controlled by an operatively independent motor and engaging at least a tappet connected to the piston rod of a unit of pistons. This cam is profiled and controlled in such a way as to substantially follow the movement of the tappets which is produced by the free-piston engine during normal operation, but to limit the travel of the piston units and provide the energy for the compression stroke, in case of anomalous operation. The cam serves also to start the engine, as well as to mutually synchronize the various units of pairs of pistons in engines having a plurality of units. The engine may also be in the form of an adiabatic engine fed by coal dust or other solid fuel.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, two opposed pistons of equal radius are slidably mounted in a cylinder and respectively connected to cranks of unequal throws mounted for rotation at oppositely disposed cylinder ends in a common crankcase. The pistons are adjustable in opposing linear travel to define a flexible cylinder-head, the relative piston positions of piston proximity establishing a range of compressions therebetween correspondable to the respective compression-ignitions of a plurality of available fluid fuels. The cranks are gear connected and similarly offset from the cylinder's longitudinal centerline to eliminate dead centers, produce higher combustion pressures at more effective crank angles, and coordinate the pistons' relative linear speeds in exhaust, air intake, fuel injection, compression and power production in two cycle operation of the engine.

Abstract: An air control valve (20, 21) is coupled to the minimum volume region of each cylinder (11, 12) in an internal combustion engine. The open interval of the valves during each engine cycle is controlled responsive to the throttle (FIG. 2) to equalize the air-fuel ratio. The clearance of the pistons is also adjusted responsive to the throttle (FIGS. 3A and 4A) to equalize the compression pressure during engine operation. Specifically, in an engine with two cylinders each having opposing pistons, the coupling systems between the piston rods and the crankshaft exhibit diagonal symmetry (FIG. 1).

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder in which at least one piston is reciprocable; the air, or air and fuel, induction being by means of an inlet port giving rise to helical flow of air, or air and fuel within the cylinder. In one form, the inlet port is substantially tangential to the cylinder. The cylinder may have a pair of pistons therein movable in unison to adjacent top dead center positions wherein they define with the cylinder wall, an annular combustion chamber.

Abstract: A multiple cylinder sinusoidal engine comprising a plurality of piston/cylinder arrangements lying parallel to, and around, a shaft cylinder is disclosed. Mounted in the shaft cylinder is a sine shaft, i.e., a cylindrical shaft having formed in its periphery at least one closed, double wave, continuous, sinusoidal groove. Coupling mechanisms couple the pistons to the sinusoidal groove or grooves of the sine shaft such that reciprocating motion of the pistons causes rotary motion of the shaft. Various air/fuel, exhaust and ignition passageways are provided through the sine shaft (or through the engine block in some embodiments) to allow air and fuel to enter the piston cylinders and exhaust gases to be emitted therefrom, and to allow ignition energy to be applied to air/fuel mixtures, as necessary. In one form, a single igniter is provided. The single igniter is coupled, sequentially, to each piston/cylinder arrangement as the sine shaft revolves.

Abstract: A reciprocating piston engine having rotor and stator members and wherein each piston is driven through periodic power strokes in a cylinder in one member by combustion in the cylinder and is pivotally connected to a circular cam ring which surrounds the cylinder endwise and is rotatable about its center on the other member in eccentric relation to the rotation axis of the rotor member in a manner such that the combustion powered strokes of the piston drive the rotor member in rotation. The particular engine described is an opposed piston engine wherein each engine cylinder is on the stator and contains two opposed pistons connected to the rotor by two eccentric cam rings surrounding the cylinder with their axes located at opposite sides of the rotor axis. Air is supplied to the cylinder through an intake port controlled by one piston and combustion products are exhausted from the cylinder through an exhaust port controlled by the other piston.

Abstract: An internal pressure engine comprises at least three like members called hedrons movable between two parallel end plates. Each of the hedrons has opposite end faces engaging the end plates, an inner face extending between the end faces and a sealing face disposed relative to the inner face at an angle equal to 360.degree. divided by the number of hedrons. The sealing face of each hedron engages the inner face of the next adjacent hedron so as to form a working chamber bounded by the end plates and the inner faces of the hedrons. The hedrons are supported and guided for translatory movement along rectilinear paths to vary the volume of the working chamber while maintaining the sealing faces of the hedrons in engagement with the inner faces of adjacent hedrons. Movement of the hedrons is synchronized by means of an oscillating member which is pivotally connected with each of the hedrons. Oscillatory movement of the synchronizing member is converted into rotary movement of a drive shaft by a crank mechanism.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine construction to improve thermodynamic efficiency by providing, in addition to the standard cylinders and pistons, a supplemental cylinder connected to each combustion chamber of each cylinder and, a piston in each supplemental cylinder associated to move in conjunction with the standard pistons, the relationship of the association being such that the volume of the combustion chamber can be enlarged or ensmalled either by a manual control or an automatic control regulable in response to engine conditions and to modify the volume time relationship.