Abstract: A positive crankcase ventilation valve for an engine is provided with a valve body defining apertures fluidly coupling a crankcase and an intake manifold of the engine, with each aperture sized to prevent an entrained oil droplet from flowing therethrough. The valve has a valve element supported by the body to selectively cover at least one of the apertures in response to a pressure difference between the manifold and the crankcase to provide variable air flow from the crankcase to the intake manifold. A method includes, in response to an increasing absolute pressure difference between the manifold and the crankcase, passively moving a valve element to selectively cover apertures fluidly coupling the crankcase and the manifold to control an air flow from the crankcase to the intake manifold to a predetermined variable flow profile, and separating oil droplets from the air flow via the apertures.

Abstract: A positive crankcase ventilation gas diversion and reclamation system comprises a positive crankcase ventilation gas diversion line to divert oil laden positive crankcase ventilation gases from the air intake manifold of an internal combustion engine. A positive crankcase ventilation gas diversion line directs oil laden positive crankcase ventilation gases into a vapor headspace of a fuel tank. A pressure sensor measures a vapor pressure in a vapor headspace of a fuel tank, and a fuel tank vent valve is operative with a fuel tank vent line. A controller actuates the fuel tank vent valve into an open position and discharges fuel enriched vapor to the air intake manifold of the internal combustion engine. A method permits diverting positive crankcase ventilation gasses from the air intake manifold of an engine, and reclaiming oil laden fuel components and/or particulates from positive crankcase ventilation gasses.

Abstract: Provide is a PCV valve which can be quickly defreezed and provides a favorable sealing to the heater against the blow-by gas. The PCV valve (2) comprises a housing (6) defining a flow passage (4) for blow-by gas, a valve member (30) positioned in the flow passage to cooperate with a valve seat (18) formed in the housing, a spring (38) biasing the valve member toward the valve seat, a heat transmission member (40) including a heat dissipating part (42) surrounding the valve member, and a heating unit (52) including a heating element (66) for heating the heat transmission member, the heating element being separated from the flow passage in an air tight manner.

Abstract: A positive crankcase ventilation gas diversion system comprises a positive crankcase ventilation gas diversion line to divert oil laden positive crankcase ventilation gases from the air intake manifold of an internal combustion engine. A positive crankcase ventilation gas diversion interconnect directs oil laden positive crankcase ventilation gases into an oil-vapor diffuser which at least partially separates crankcase oils from the oil laden positive crankcase ventilation gases. A pressure sensor measures a vapor pressure in a headspace of a fuel tank, and a fuel tank vent valve is operative with a fuel tank vent line. A controller actuates the fuel tank vent valve into an open position and discharges fuel enriched vapor to the air intake manifold of the internal combustion engine, thereby maintaining the vapor pressure in the headspace of the fuel tank within a predetermined pressure range.

Abstract: This separator device includes a separation chamber having an inlet and an outlet, an oil recovery chamber coupled to the separation chamber, an emitter electrode, a collector electrode, and an electronic unit connected to the emitter and collector electrodes, for during a charging phase, bringing the emitter electrode to a negative potential, so as to negatively charge oil drops, and bringing said at least one collector electrode to a zero or positive potential, so as to collect negatively charged oil drops. The separator device further includes a pressure-drop generating member in the separation chamber. The oil recovery chamber is coupled to the downstream portion of the separation chamber via a vacuuming port, so that the oil recovery chamber is depressed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for detecting disconnection of a closed breather 18 separating and recovering oil mist from blow-by gas 17 extracted from an engine 1 to return the blow-by gas through a gas return pipe 19 to an intake pipe 5. Under condition of no exhaust gas 9 recirculation being conducted, a mass flow rate of in-cylinder working gas is calculated based on a boost pressure, an intake temperature of an intake manifold 7 and a rotational frequency of the engine, and whether the calculated mass flow rate is divergent from a value detected by an air flow sensor 24 is determined. When determined to be divergent, the divergence in a last determination is compared with a current divergence; if difference between the divergences is beyond a predetermined range, the gas return pipe 19 is determined to be in disconnection from the intake pipe 5.

Abstract: An engine includes a crankcase; an oil sump; at least one balancing shaft mounted in a balancing tunnel of the crankcase, which includes first and second end portions and a central portion extending between the end portions; and a blow-by gas recirculation system having an inlet channel communicating with the oil sump, an outlet channel communicating with an intake manifold, a centrifugal separator arranged between said inlet and outlet channels, and a drainage channel opening into the oil sump for discharging separated liquid. The inlet channel communicates with said first end portion, and said centrifugal separator is housed in said second end portion and is driven in rotation by said balancing shaft. The outlet channel communicates with a gas outlet of said centrifugal separator, whereby, during operation, blow-by gas flows successively through the central portion and the centrifugal separator in a path from the inlet to the outlet channel.

Abstract: An oil mist separator includes at least one filter device for separating off liquid suspended particles from a carrier gas. The filter device includes a housing having at least one inlet opening for introducing the carrier gas and at least one outlet opening for discharging the filtered carrier gas. Arranged in the housing is at least one filter insert through which the carrier gas can flow along a flow direction. There is also provided at least one guide device by which the flow path can be deflected. The at least one filter device can be arranged releasably in the oil mist separator, and a seal is provided preferably between a first fixing surface of the oil mist separator and a second fixing surface, to be fixed thereto, of the filter device.

Abstract: An intake system for an engine is provided. The system includes a chamber room formed in an intermediate section of an intake passage, an intercooler disposed inside the chamber room, an intake air inlet chamber formed in a part of the chamber room upstream of the intercooler, an introducing portion for introducing intake air into the intake air inlet chamber, and a baffle plate dividing the intake air inlet chamber into an upstream space communicating with the introducing portion and a downstream space communicating to the introducing portion via the upstream space. When the engine is in a low engine load operation, the intake air mainly flows through the upstream space to an intercooler side via the baffle plate, and when the engine is in a high engine load operation, the intake air flows through the upstream and downstream spaces to the intercooler side via the baffle plate.

Abstract: A crankcase ventilation system for an engine that may include a control valve and a disconnect fitting disposed in a conduit between the crankcase and an intake system. The disconnect fitting may include a tube wall, where the inside of the tube wall may have a support. The support may include at least one flow gap, and a plunger opening. The inside of the tube wall may have a plunger seat spaced apart from the support. A plunger may include a stem positioned in the plunger opening, that may be configured to translate in the opening. The plunger may include a head configured to engage the plunger seat to close flow. The conduit may include a segment configured for insertion into the disconnect to engage and unseat the plunger from the plunger seat to open flow.

Abstract: An engine crankcase breather includes a housing having a lower end including an inlet opening and an upper end including an outlet opening. The inlet opening lies in a horizontal plane and the outlet opening lies in a vertical plane. A mesh filter is positioned within the housing and includes opposing inlet and outlet faces defining a mesh filter thickness. The inlet and outlet faces are parallel to the inlet opening and are positioned below a central axis through the outlet opening. A bottom wall of the housing defines a portion of the lower end and includes a downward slope toward a lip defining the inlet opening. The mesh filter is spaced above the bottom wall. The engine crankcase breather also includes a plurality of oil return openings through the lip.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to improve space efficiency, while ensuring a desired blow-by gas processing performance. As gas routes that connect a crankcase and each of intake passages, a first gas route and a second gas route connected to respective throttle upstream parts of the intake passages on the upstream side of each throttle valve for each bank, and a third gas route connected to a throttle downstream part of the intake passage for one of the banks are provided. Separators are disposed in the respective gas routes, for separating oil mist from blow-by gas. Only the first separator having a comparatively large capacity is disposed in the first bank on the side where a crankshaft rotates upward from the bottom. The second and third separators are both juxtaposed to each other in the second bank on the side where the crankshaft rotates downward from the top.

Abstract: An oil mist separator includes: a separator body having a gas flow path; a gas introduction part introducing the blow-by gas into the separator body; a gas discharge part discharging the blow-by gas from the separator body; a separation unit separating oil from the blow-by gas; dams provided on the bottom wall of the separator body downstream of the separation unit in the gas flow path and configured to block the oil separated from flowing to the downstream side; and an oil discharge part provided upstream of the dams in the gas flow path and configured to discharge the oil separated from the separator body, wherein the dams are formed along the gas flow path so as to alternately extend from the pair of side walls, and the dams extend such that tip ends of the dams are located beyond a center of the gas flow path.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for removing condensate from a charge air cooler. Condensate may be drained from the charge air cooler and introduced into a positive crankcase ventilation flow or an engine oil sump. Introducing condensate into the engine oil sump may be controlled based on conditions of the engine oil sump and stored condensate.

Abstract: According to the present disclosure, air cleaner assemblies, components, features and methods are described. A filter cartridge is characterized, that can be conveniently used as part of the system ensuring that a proper cartridge is installed in the housing, in a proper radial orientation and in a manner such that cartridge rotation is inhibited, in spite of the use of a radial seal. The cartridge can be configured to also be used with a housing that includes a utility conduit in an exterior surface thereof. Advantageous features and methods of assembly and use are described.

Abstract: A crankcase for an internal combustion engine, having a suction arrangement which is assigned to the crankcase and is configured for ventilating the crankcase of blow-by gas, in particular a gas/oil mixture, to produce a limited vacuum in the crankcase is disclosed. The crankcase has at least one dividing wall which is configured to feed blow-by gas and to separate oil. A ventilating housing part and a carrier housing part which is arranged above the ventilating housing part in included in the crankcase. The dividing wall is formed between the ventilating housing part and the carrier housing part and a suction arrangement is formed in the form of a suction jet pump which is configured for extracting oil from the dividing wall.

Abstract: Embodiments may provide an oil separator that may include a reservoir attached to a bottom of the oil separator to collect oil that passes from the oil separator. An outlet may be located on the reservoir and may be positioned to allow oil at or above the outlet to overflow from the reservoir and to flow, or drip, toward an engine cylinder head. The oil separator may also include a tube located at least partially inside the reservoir formed within the bottom to pass the oil into the reservoir.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for generating vacuum from crankcase ventilation flow. During both directions of gas flow between an engine intake manifold and a crankcase, gases are directed through one or more aspirators to produce vacuum. The drawn vacuum may then be used to operate various engine vacuum actuators.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block, an auxiliary machinery attachment member arranged at a side wall of the cylinder block, the auxiliary machinery attachment member to which an auxiliary machine is attached, and a separator portion disposed in a void between the cylinder block and the auxiliary machinery attachment member, the separator portion being provided as a separate member from the cylinder block and the auxiliary machinery attachment member to perform gas-liquid separation on blow-by gas.

Abstract: An assembly for use in a crankcase ventilation system of an internal combustion engine includes a shutter arrangement that is constructed and arranged for preventing that residual gases and/or vapors out of a crankcase flow into an air intake system during a period of time that starts at shut down of the engine and ends after it has been re-started. The assembly also includes an outlet that is constructed and arranged for removing at least a substantial part of the residual gases and/or vapors from the engine as long as it is shut down.

Abstract: An air induction system for an engine includes an air filter box configured to receive an air filter that separates the air filter box into an atmosphere side and a filtered air side, a clean-air duct coupled downstream from the air filter box and upstream of the engine relative to a direction of air flow during engine operation, a flow-through hydrocarbon trap positioned within the clean-air duct, and a bypass hydrocarbon trap secured within the air filter box on the filtered air side, the hydrocarbon trap having a plurality of generally flat or coiled layers of hydrocarbon adsorbing material sandwiched together and secured one to another. Mechanical fasteners such as grommets may extend through the plurality of layers to secure the layers together. The fasteners may be secured to ribs extending along an upper surface of the air filter box or an interior surface of the clean-air duct.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine crankcase ventilation rotating coalescer includes an annual rotating coalescing filter element, an inlet port supplying blow by gas from the crankcase to the hollow interior of the annular rotating coalescing filter element, and an outlet port delivering clean separated, air from the exterior of the rotating element. The direction of flow by gas inside-out, radially, outwardly from the hollow interior to the exterior.

Abstract: A ventilation system for an engine is disclosed. The ventilation system may include a first conduit configured to connect an exhaust system of the engine with a crankcase of the engine, a second conduit configured to connect to a vent of the crankcase, and a valve disposed within the second conduit. Additionally, the ventilation system may include a sensor configured to generate a signal indicative of a concentration of a gaseous constituent within the crankcase of the engine, and a controller in communication with the valve and the sensor, the controller being configured to selectively move the valve based on the signal.

Abstract: A compressor housing includes a housing body for enclosing an impeller, an inlet portion for introducing air toward the impeller, and a port portion arranged adjacent to the inlet portion. A valve body for opening and closing a bypass passage, which bypasses the impeller, can be rested against the port portion. A connection hole, to which a return passage for returning blow-by gas of an internal combustion engine is connected, is formed in a side wall of the inlet portion. The inlet portion and the port portion have a common wall. A communication hole, which configures a part of the return passage, is formed in the common wall. The communication hole is formed such that the projection plane defined by projecting the communication hole onto a surface of the side wall having the connection hole along the axis of the communication hole is contained in the connection hole.

Abstract: A separator for separating contaminants from a fluid stream has first and second chambers coupled by an aperture through which fluid can pass. An actuator can adjust the crossectional area of the aperture according to a pressure differential between the first chamber and a pressure reference. An impaction surface can deflect the first fluid stream after it enters the second chamber such that contaminants are separated from the stream. A pump generates a pressure differential across the aperture. It includes a third chamber having a second inlet for receiving a second fluid stream into the third chamber. The second inlet includes a convergent nozzle for accelerating the second fluid stream, and a third inlet for receiving the first fluid stream downstream of the impaction surface, the third inlet being arranged relative to the second inlet such that the second fluid stream can entrain and accelerate the first fluid stream.

Abstract: An air induction system for an engine includes an air filter box configured to receive an air filter that separates the air filter box into an atmosphere side and a filtered air side, a clean-air duct coupled downstream from the air filter box and upstream of the engine relative to a direction of air flow during engine operation, a flow-through hydrocarbon trap positioned within the clean-air duct, and a bypass hydrocarbon trap secured within the air filter box on the filtered air side, the hydrocarbon trap having a plurality of generally flat or coiled layers of hydrocarbon adsorbing material sandwiched together and secured one to another. Mechanical fasteners such as grommets may extend through the plurality of layers to secure the layers together. The fasteners may be secured to ribs extending along an upper surface of the air filter box or an interior surface of the clean-air duct.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for regenerating and cleaning an air-oil coalescer of a crankcase ventilation system of an internal combustion engine generating blowby gas in a crankcase. The coalescer coalesces oil from the blowby gas. The method and system includes regenerating and cleaning the coalescer by intermittent rotation thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for venting a crank space in an internal combustion engine (1) having a suction device (5) for sucking out blow-by gases from the crank space (3) and having a venting line (4) which leads from the crank space (3) to the suction device (5) and in the course of which a throttle device (6) or a pressure regulating element (7) is arranged in order to bound a partial pressure which is generated by the suction device (5) in the crank space (3). It is essential to the invention here that an oil mist separator (8) which is embodied as an impactor is integrated into the throttle device (6) or into the pressure regulating element (7).

Abstract: A positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system is provided. The PCV system includes an oil return line coupled to a PCV oil separator and extending through a crankcase housing and a PCV bypass valve positioned in a wall of the oil return line, the PCV bypass valve opening when a pressure in the crankcase exceeds a threshold value and closing when a pressure in the crankcase falls below a threshold value.

Abstract: Provided are an arrangement capable of reliably preventing freeze of a PCV channel without requiring additional piping and an intake manifold having this arrangement. This arrangement for freeze prevention of a PCV channel includes a PCV channel returning blowby gas containing un-combusted fuel gas as a main component thereof and leaked into an engine to an intake port, an EGR channel returning exhaust gas exhausted from the engine to the intake port, and a heating portion as a common portion between a PCV outer wall of the PCV channel and an EGR outer wall of the EGR channel.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine (10), oil in an oil pan (21) is pressure-fed to lubrication sites through operation of an oil pump (22). After being used for lubrication of the lubrication sites, the oil runs down and collects in the oil pan (21). The internal combustion engine (10) is provided with a blow-by gas process device (40) including a communication passageway (48) that connects a portion of the intake passageway (12) on the downstream side of the throttle valve (13) in the intake flow direction and an interior of the crankcase (15) in communication. A pressure chamber (47) to which an end portion of the communication passageway (48) is open is defined in the interior of the crankcase (15). Oil scattered in the interior of the crankcase (15) is introduced into an interior of the pressure chamber (47) before mixing with the oil collected in the oil pan (21).

Abstract: A breather structure is for an engine of a vehicle provided with a V-belt type continuously variable transmission. The engine includes a crankcase having a crank chamber and a gear transmission chamber, and a V-belt transmission case housing the V-belt type continuously variable transmission, the V-belt transmission case being fastened to an attachment surface on one side of the crankcase in the crankshaft direction. A breather chamber is formed in a mating part between the attachment surface of the crankcase and an attached surface of the V-belt transmission case. This breather chamber separates the air containing oil mist in the crankcase into a gas component and an oil component, discharges the gas component to the exterior of the crankcase, and returns the oil component to the interior of the transmission chamber.

Abstract: A blow-by gas recirculating system for an internal combustion chamber, may include a cylinder including the combustion chamber, a ventilation passage that recirculates blow-by gas, which leaks from the combustion chamber, to the combustion chamber, a compressor that takes in and compresses outdoor air and supplies compressed air, and a supply passage that connects the compressor and the cylinder to mix the compressed air with the blow-by gas.

Abstract: A crankcase ventilation system for an internal combustion engine having a cylinder block that at least partially defines at least one cylinder includes a valve cover configured to be mounted on an individual cylinder head corresponding to an individual cylinder and form a cavity therein. Further a crankcase ventilation opening associated with the valve cover. A crankcase breather incorporated into the valve cover. The crankcase breather includes a breather body, an inlet portion in fluid communication with the cavity of the valve cover, and an outlet portion aligning with the crankcase ventilation opening of the valve cover.

Abstract: An engine assembly includes an engine and an intake assembly. The engine defines a combustion chamber and a crankcase, and the intake assembly includes an intake manifold in fluid communication with the combustion chamber. An air-oil separator is provided with the engine and defines a separator volume, an inlet and an outlet, where each of the inlet and outlet are in fluid communication with the separator volume. The inlet of the air-oil separator is provided in fluid communication with the crankcase, and the outlet of the air-oil separator is provided in fluid communication with the intake manifold. The air-oil separator further includes an interior surface that abuts and surrounds the separator volume, and defines a plurality of depressions, and each depression is respectively configured to retain a respective volume of fluid.

Abstract: An engine assembly includes a two-cylinder engine, an intake assembly, and an air-oil separator. The two-cylinder engine defines a first cylinder bore, a first combustion chamber, a second cylinder bore, a second combustion chamber, and a crankcase volume. The engine further includes a first piston disposed within the first cylinder bore, and a second piston disposed within the second cylinder bore. The intake assembly includes an intake manifold in fluid communication with each of the first and second combustion chambers, and the air-oil separator defines a separator volume and in fluid communication with each of the crankcase volume and the intake manifold. A reciprocal, synchronous motion of the first and second pistons is operative to exhale gas from the crankcase volume through the separator volume and into the intake manifold.

Abstract: A closed crankcase ventilation system for an internal combustion engine includes a return duct with a variably controlled air-oil coalescer. In a turbocharger version, cleaned separated air is provided to the turbocharger inlet, and the coalescer is variably controlled according to a given condition of the turbocharger and/or the engine and/or the coalescer.

Abstract: The invention provides a blow-by gas recirculating apparatus for a crankcase with enhanced ventilation efficiency. A fresh air introducing chamber is remote from a head cover. An upstream intake passage of a throttle valve is communicated with the fresh air introducing chamber, and the fresh air introducing chamber is communicated with a crankcase through a crankcase communication throttle hole which is opened in the crankcase. Fresh air in the upstream intake passage of the throttle valve is introduced into the crankcase sequentially through a fresh air introducing passage, the fresh air introducing chamber, and the throttle hole, without being short-circuited to a PCV valve. In a reverse flow from the crankcase to the upstream intake passage of the throttle valve, a gas in the crankcase reversely flows into the upstream intake passage sequentially through the throttle hole, the fresh air introducing chamber, and the fresh air introducing passage.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine crankcase ventilation rotating coalescer includes an annular rotating coalescing filter element, an inlet port supplying blowby gas from the crankcase to the hollow interior of the annular rotating coalescing filter element, and an outlet port delivering cleaned separated air from the exterior of the rotating element. The direction of blowby gas is inside-out, radially outwardly from the hollow interior to the exterior.

Abstract: Embodiments may provide an oil separator that may include a reservoir attached to a bottom of the oil separator to collect oil that passes from the oil separator. An outlet may be located on the reservoir and may be positioned to allow oil at or above the outlet to overflow from the reservoir and to flow, or drip, toward an engine cylinder head. The oil separator may also include a tube located at least partially inside the reservoir formed within the bottom to pass the oil into the reservoir.

Abstract: A separator has a first inlet arranged to receive a fluid stream, and first and second separation stages coupled together in series; A pump coupled to the second separation stage generates an area of reduced pressure to draw the fluid stream through the first and second separation stages. One of the stages includes a variable impactor separator comprising a first chamber arranged to receive the fluid stream, and a second chamber coupled to the first chamber through an aperture to accelerate the first fluid stream. The stream is incident upon an impaction surface to separate contaminants from the fluid stream. An actuator adjusts the open area of the aperture according to a pressure differential between fluid pressure in the first chamber and a reference fluid pressure in a third chamber. The other of the separation stages is a second variable impactor separator or a filter media.

Abstract: A regulator (108) comprising a first chamber (132), and second chamber (134) and an actuator (130). The second chamber (134) is coupled to the first chamber (132) through an aperture (156). The actuator (130) is arranged to the adjust the size of the aperture (156) according to a pressure differential between fluid pressure in the first chamber (132) and a pressure reference (36). The rate of change of the cross sectional area of the aperture (156) is arranged to have a non-linear response to a change in the pressure differential.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine with a crankcase, a crankcase vent and an intake system. According to the invention, the pressure in the crankcase can be reduced, depending on a differential pressure between the intake system and the crankcase, to maximally ?500 mbar, in particular maximally ?300 mbar, with respect to ambient pressure for reducing lubricant consumption of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An oil separator disposed inside a cylinder head cover of an internal combustion engine. The oil separator includes a body section defining an elongate separator chamber and having a blowby gas inlet and a blowby gas outlet. A partition wall is disposed to divide the separator chamber into an inlet chamber at side of the blowby gas inlet and an outlet chamber at side of the blowby gas outlet. The partition wall is formed with a plurality of passage holes each of which is triangular in cross-section. A collision plate is disposed inside the outlet chamber and located opposite to the passage holes of the partition wall. A slit-like opening is defined by a lower section of the collision plate and communicated with a drain section for discharging oil separated from blowby gas into a valve operating chamber.

Abstract: Crankcase ventilation filter arrangements and components therefore are described. Example arrangements are described. In one, a serviceable filter cartridge includes a check valve therein, for protection during vehicle rollover. Handle arrangements are also described. An example filter cartridge is described in which media, surrounding an open interior, is positioned between first and second, opposite, end pieces. A first end piece has a projection on an opposite side from the media, the projection including framework having an upper rail supported by spaced supports. Methods of use are described.

Abstract: An oil pump housing of an internal combustion engine flanged to a crankshaft housing, which includes, but is not limited to an oil pump housing wall. The oil pump housing has an oil collecting tray in an upper region of the oil pump housing wall. An oil return channel is integrated in the oil pump housing. An oil return channel extends from an oil inlet opening in the oil collecting tray as far as an oil outlet opening in an area below an oil pan level.

Abstract: Otto intake-cycle controlled-air (throttled) internal combustion engines suffer from parasitic pumping losses associated with partial vacuums developed in their intake manifolds and in the cylinders above their pistons. To solve this problem, there is provided individually partitioned dry-sump crankcases dynamic pneumatic coupling pressure reduction cycle system and method that reduce the damaging parasitic effects of the differential pressure about a piston head during an intake cycle which is a source of part-load pumping-loss friction. This closed loop system includes an independent supplemental mechanical fail-safe system of a turbo-compound engine variant for pneumatic coupling of individual cylinder-crankcase volumes. It does not alter the cylinder homogeneous mixture charge integrity and stability. The system is applicable to several engine configurations, such as controlled air intake or uncontrolled air intake combustion engines, using different fuel types, either in liquid or in gazeous state.

Abstract: A sludge adhesion inhibiting structure for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention is characterized in that a sludge inhibiting layer inhibiting generation or adhesion of sludge is formed on a surface of an area inside the internal combustion engine into which oil as a liquid does not always spread and which is contacted by oil mist as a gas. Preferably, the sludge inhibiting layer is made up of a solid alkali substance. Furthermore, the sludge inhibiting layer is provided in a head cover and formed on an inner surface of an oil separator chamber separating the oil from a blow-by gas.

Abstract: An engine lubrication method is provided. The four-cycle engine has an engine block having a cylindrical bore and an enclosed oil reservoir. A crankshaft is mounted in the engine block. An oil pump driven by the cam gear, brings the oil from the oil reservoir and the valve chamber. The engine is provided with a cylinder head assembly having a pair of overhead intake and exhaust valves. A circular arc wall surrounds the web of the crankshaft at a slight distance from the web. The crankshaft web causes the oil to fly to lubricate engine parts and the oil, returns into the oil reservoir by a check valve. Flowing of oil in to the combustion chamber when the engine is oriented to incline is prevented by oil recesses and long pipes. Another lubrication and breathing system without pump is presented, wherein construction except pump is basically followed.

Abstract: An engine assembly may include an engine structure, intake and exhaust valves, hydraulically actuated valve lift mechanisms, and a valvetrain ventilation line. The engine structure may define a combustion chamber, intake and exhaust ports in communication with the combustion chamber, a crankcase, and a valvetrain chamber isolated from the crankcase. The intake valve may be located in the intake port and the exhaust valve may be located in the exhaust port. The hydraulically actuated valve lift mechanisms may be supported on the engine structure within the valvetrain chamber and engaged with the intake and exhaust valves. The valvetrain ventilation line may be in communication with the valvetrain chamber and may provide communication between the valvetrain chamber and the intake port.