Abstract: The invention relates to a damper for reducing the pulsations in a combustion chamber of a gas turbine. The damper includes a resonator cavity with an inlet and a neck tube in flow communication with the interior of the combustion chamber and resonator cavity, and a compensation assembly pivotably connected with the neck tube. The compensation assembly is inserted between the resonator cavity and the combustion chamber to permit relative rotation between the combustion chamber and the resonator cavity. With the damper according to the present invention, by way of providing the compensation assembly, it is assured the relative rotation between the combustion chamber and the resonator cavity is compensated, hence operation life is elongated.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a combustion chamber defined by a cylinder, a piston defining a piston top, a cylinder head with an intake port and an exhaust port, and a corresponding intake valve and an exhaust valve. The internal combustion engine further includes an intake manifold for supplying air to the combustion chamber and an exhaust manifold for drawing exhaust gas from the combustion chamber. The flow dynamics of the internal combustion engine are improved by including textured surfaces on one or more of the piston top, the cylinder head, the intake valve, the intake port, the exhaust valve, the intake manifold, the exhaust manifold, or the fuel supplier. The textured surface may include indentations, protrusions, or combinations.

Abstract: A passive noise attenuation device and system is provided having a reticulated open-cell porous structure configured to acts as a passive control device in order to mitigate combustion noise and instability problems in combustion systems. A porous inert media structure is placed downstream of the reaction zone of a combustion chamber to dissipate noise and/or instability generated upstream in the flame. The porous inert media also limits and/or disintegrates vortical structures in the flame to produce a homogeneous flow field to facilitate distributed reaction zones.

Abstract: A reciprocating piston internal combustion engine is provided with a fixed volume air chamber located next to the working face of the piston and separated from the combustion chamber solely by a circumferential gap extending between the working face of the piston and the adjacent cylinder sidewall. The gap permits continuous controlled exchange of compression shock and expansion wave energy between the combustion and air chambers during a combustion reaction of fuel and air in the combustion chamber. The air chamber extends along a peripheral length of the piston and is provided with a radially inner sidewall including a generally sloping portion that extends from the piston side edge of the gap towards the bottom area of the air chamber, the inner sidewall characterized in that it is continuous and uninterrupted over the entire length of the air chamber and in that the sloping portion of the sidewall continuously diverges away from the adjacent cylinder sidewall over its respective length.

Abstract: The piston of an internal combustion engine has an odd number of sockets formed in the top surface thereof. With the piston in its top dead center position, a thin slit is formed between the cylinder head and the top of the piston. The sockets form acoustical chambers for detonation waves which may be generated in the cylinder such that with the piston in its top dead center position, these detonation waves travel in random fashion between the acoustical chambers formed by the sockets thereby attenuating such waves and minimizing the effects of detonation.

Abstract: Closed organ pipe resonance is induced in the cylinder of a piston I.C. engine by using a resonating mass of gas in a chamber in the piston adjacent its working face, the chamber and cylinder volume being connected by a restricted orifice. The organ pipe resonance is induced during the expansion part of the combustion cycle to cause intimate mixing of the reacting fuel and air charge.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine piston and combustion chamber are configured to produce controlled reaction of the fuel supplied to the working chamber with prolonged supply of air to the reaction zone over the combustion/expansion part of the engine operating cycle. After an axially stratified charge, with little or no fuel near the piston working face, is established in the working chamber of the engine, part of the air is transferred during the compression of the charge into an air chamber near the working face of the piston which communicates with the working chamber through a restricted gap orifice.

Abstract: The precombustion chamber of a diesel engine is modified to incorporate an acoustical attenuator therein. Since the precombustion chamber is of fixed dimensions (not changed by piston movement), the acoustic nature and modification response are very powerful, to a surprising degree. In one embodiment of this invention, the attenuator is formed by a body of attenuative material, such as sintered metal or porous ceramic, which is placed around the lower portions of the chamber in the vicinity of the connecting passages to the main combustion chamber. In another embodiment, the attenuation is achieved by means of attenuator pockets which are spaced around the precombustion chamber with communication between these passages and the chamber being provided by means of suitable orifices, these pockets having an acoustic response such as to attenuate detonation waves.

Abstract: A piston (10) for a diesel engine is formed with a combustion bowl (21) which has a lesser volume until the cylinder pressure reaches that at which fuel ignition takes place. The volume of the combustion bowl is then increased to reduce the maximum pressure in the cylinder. The volume is again decreased during the expansion stroke. This has a number of beneficial effects on the engine including reducing the stress on the engine parts and allowing increased level of pressure-charging.

Abstract: An energy conversion cycle for an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine capable of carrying out the process to produce work, the process characterized by the steps of forming fuel and air charges having fuel to air proportions varying from stoichiometric at full engine power to excess air at less than full engine power conditions; increasing by compression the density and activation of the molecules of the charges supplied to a variable volume working chamber in which fuel and oxygen in the air are reacted to produce thermal potential; controlling fuel and air distribution in the working chamber so that the excess air portion of each charge is located in an air reservoir chamber that is separated from the reaction area by an open partition area separating the working and air reservoir chambers; and through the partition area, controlling availability of oxygen in the working chamber during the reaction while permitting the oxygen to be activated in a specific manner by molecular interac

Abstract: A device for the scanning of objects by means of ultrasound echography comprises a first ultrasonic transducer (10) which is connected to a transmitter stage (50) for the repeated transmission of ultrasonic signals and to a receiver stage (100, 200) for receiving the ultrasonic echoes which correspond to the most important obstacles encountered by the tramsmitted signals in their propagation direction, said receiver stage comprising a first, known processing circuit (100) and, connected parallel thereto, a second processing circuit (200) which consists of a series connection of a control circuit (210) for the automatic control of the gain as a function of the distance of the echoes, a correction circuit (220) for the correction of transducer diffraction effects, a selection circuit (230) for the selection of a narrow frequency band within the pass-band of the transducer which is centered around a frequency F.sub.

Abstract: A screw-in device forming an acoustical resonance absorber cavity is connected in acoustical communication with a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The absorber cavity has catalytic material therein. The absorber cavity operates to acoustically attenuate or damp the detonation of the combustion with the catalytic material operating to facilitate the combustion in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine having inlet porting and a fuel supply passage with valve means therein, the cross-sectional area lying within the outside passage walls being greater in the region of the valve means than in a region upstream of the valve means. An element is disposed in the passage tending to equalize the velocity of the fuel flow through the supply passage in different regions thereof, and means are also provided in connection of a fuel reservoir or vessel to the fuel supply passage or channel in the region of and through said element.