Abstract: An internal combustion engine system and method of its operation are described. As one example, the method includes: repeatedly opening a first intake valve of a combustion chamber of the engine once every four piston strokes; transitioning operation of the combustion chamber from a four stroke cycle to a two stroke cycle by activating a second intake valve of the combustion chamber to repeatedly open once every four piston strokes during a different intake stroke than the first intake valve; and transitioning operation of the combustion chamber from the two stroke cycle to the four stroke cycle by deactivating the second intake valve in a closed position. In this way, the engine may be selectively operated in a two stroke cycle or a four stroke cycle by activating or deactivating or activating one of the intake valves while another of the intake valves continues to operate.

Abstract: A variably operated valve apparatus for use in an internal combustion engine comprises: a variable valve actuator configured to variably adjust at least a closure timing of an intake valve; and a mechanically stabilizing section configured to mechanically stabilize the closure timing of the intake valve at a position more retardation angle side than a most retardation angle position which is a limit of a control range of the stop position of the piston at the time of the stop of the engine. In addition, in start system and start control apparatus for the internal combustion engine, crank position control means controls a stop position of a piston at a position more advance angle side than the closure timing of the intake valve, at a time of stop of the engine.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit is disclosed. The hydraulic circuit includes an actuating mechanism having an engine valve and an engine valve spring, an added motion valve system having a cam system, a valve in fluid communication with the actuator mechanism, and a dump valve and at least one check valve in fluid communication with the valve to allow a recovery of energy stored in an engine valve spring during closing movement of the engine valve associated with the added motion system. A method for controlling a hydraulic circuit is also disclosed.

Abstract: A camshaft may include a first shaft, a stop member, and a first lobe member. The first shaft may include an outer radial surface having a first recess extending radially therein. The stop member may be axially fixed within the first recess. The first lobe member may define an inner bore located on the outer radial surface of the first shaft. The first lobe member may include a second recess extending radially into the inner bore. The stop member may extend into the second recess to axially locate the first lobe member on the first shaft.

Abstract: A multi-cam electric valve mechanism for engine is disclosed, which comprises: a motor fixed on a cylinder; a motor shaft wherein one side of it connected to the motor and rotated accordingly and the other side of it symmetrically provided with a plurality of rotors whose shafts are perpendicular to the motor shaft; a ring-shaped cam with a plurality of wave-shaped grooves on the circumference thereof corresponding to the rotors and for setting same; a rotation-stopping lever connected to the cylinder and cam respectively to let the cam linearly move along with it; and a valve lever wherein one side of it connected to the cam and the other side of it connected to a valve.

Abstract: A drive cam opens or closes an intake valve via a variable mechanism, a split-type rocking cam arm, and a valve actuating mechanism. The variable mechanism varies a position of an intermediate roller corresponding to a rotating angle of a control shaft, thereby variably setting a lift amount of the intake valve. The split-type rocking cam arm includes an input arm and an output arm, and a connection selection mechanism is disposed between the arms. When the arms are connected together, the intake valve performs an ordinary open/close operation. When the arms are disconnected, an input of the drive cam is absorbed by a relative rocking motion between the arms, so that the intake valve is retained in a pause state.

Abstract: A multi-mode valve control mechanism for an engine includes a primary cam follower rotatably mounted within a mount and having one end engaging a camshaft. One or more secondary cam followers are rotatably mounted within the mount and having one end engaging the camshaft. Each secondary cam follower is operatively coupled to a shaft. A follower is dedicated to each cam lobe. A frequency and a duration at which valves in a valve train are actuated is changed by activating only the primary cam follower in a first mode of operation, or activating both the primary cam follower and the one more than one secondary cam followers in a second mode of operation, depending on whether the control mechanism has been activated or not. In either mode of operation, the entire valve train assembly is actuated.

Abstract: The CVVL device includes a rocking cam having a rolling face contacting a rocker arm is formed to press the rocker arm when pivoted, a rocking roller, which is disposed above the drive cam and rolls on an outer circumference of the drive cam, a control apparatus, which changes a position of the rocking roller rolling on the outer circumference of the drive cam; and a rocking apparatus, which pivots the rocking cam according to a position of the rocking roller such that a position where the rocker arm is contacted with the rolling face is changed depending on the position of the rocking roller.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine comprising at least two cylinders respectively provided with admission valves and exhaust valves. According to the invention, in order to fill the cylinders with a larger amount of unburned gas during a gas exchange, the exhaust interval is reduced and the crossover phase of admission and exhaust intervals is extended, for at least one cylinder (3). The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine for carrying out said method.

Abstract: Rocker arm arrangement of an internal combustion engine has a bearing journal with a central axis and an outside circumferential surface running in the central bore of a rocker arm lined with a bearing shell. The bearing journal has a first transverse oil channel leading to at least one outlet at the running surface underneath the central axis. The bearing shell has an outer shell surface and an inner shell surface. The inner shell surface has a circumferentially extending internal groove, both ends of which terminate underneath the central axis, this groove extending to the outlet of the first oil channel when the rocker arm is in its base position. The outer shell surface has at least one circumferentially extending external groove, which extends as far as an inlet of a second oil channel passing through the rocker arm. At least one through-opening connects the internal groove and the external groove.

Abstract: A variable valve device, which is capable of automatically canceling a deviation in the relationship between the rotation angle of a control shaft and the lift degree generated because of the disassembling and assembling of an engine, includes a target lift degree calculator that calculates a target lift degree, a motor driver that drives a brushless DC motor that rotates the control shaft until the lift degree reaches the target lift degree, and an automatic deviation canceller that automatically cancels the deviation. More specifically, the magnetic pole pulse pattern of the motor before the engine starts is obtained and it is determined whether the pattern match magnetic pole pulse pattern stored before the engine stops.

Abstract: A variable valve actuation system to actuate and control the seating velocity of an internal combustion engine valve is disclosed. The system may comprise a rocker arm that includes first, second and third contact surfaces. The first contact surface may contact the engine valve. A hydraulic lost motion system may contact the rocker arm at the second contact surface, and a mechanical valve train element may contact the rocker arm at the third contact surface. The lost motion system may include a slave piston with a valve seating device incorporated therein. The lost motion system and the mechanical valve train element may be provided side by side at the end of the rocker arm opposite that of the engine valve.

Abstract: A continuously variable valve lift apparatus includes a camshaft, a first cam disposed on the camshaft, a first valve opening/closing unit, a control unit transferring rotation of the first cam to the first valve opening/closing unit and adjusting valve lift of the first valve opening/closing unit, a second cam disposed on the camshaft and a second valve opening/closing unit constantly opened and closed by rotation of the second cam.

Abstract: In a variable valve system for an internal combustion engine and its driving mechanism, the variable valve system comprises: a variable mechanism that revolves a control axle to change an operation characteristic of an engine valve; a projection section projected at an outer peripheral predetermined position in an axial direction of the control axle and on a tip of which a fixture section is formed; a fixture member fixed in a grasped state for the projection member via an engagement member engaged on the fixture section; a driving mechanism configured to provide a rotating force for the control axle via the fixture member; and control means (a control section) for controlling the driving mechanism in accordance with a driving state of the engine.

Abstract: An exhaust valve arrangement includes a cylinder having a top end, an exhaust conduit connected to the cylinder by an opening in the top end of the cylinder, the opening comprising a valve seat, a valve member comprising a valve stem and a valve head on the valve stem, the valve member being movable between a closed position in which the valve head is received in the valve seat and an open position in which the valve head is spaced from the valve seat, and a resilient member arranged to urge the valve member to a closed position. A piston is mounted relative to the valve stem, the piston being disposed in a second cylinder in flow communication with the exhaust conduit and arranged such that a change in pressure in the exhaust conduit changes a degree of compression of the resilient member.

Abstract: A variable valve actuation system to actuate and control the seating velocity of an internal combustion engine valve is disclosed. The system comprises: a housing having a bore formed therein; an outer piston slidably disposed in the bore, said outer piston having an internal hydraulic passage, an internal chamber defined by an outer piston side wall, and an internal orifice connecting the internal hydraulic passage and the internal chamber; a catch piston slidably disposed in the outer piston; and a cone-shaped extension extending from the inner piston, wherein the cone-shaped extension is adapted to provide a variable flow area through the outer piston orifice to provide improved engine valve seating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuously variable valve lift apparatus that includes an output cam driving unit for transmitting a rotation, an output cam that receives the rotation from the output cam driving unit and rotates about an axis at a predetermined angle, an output cam position controlling unit for controlling the axis of rotation of the output cam, and a valve opening unit that is operated by the output cam.

Abstract: An internal-combustion engine provided with a simplified system for variable actuation of the valves, which envisages for two different engine cylinders a single solenoid valve that controls connection to an exhaust channel of two pressurized chambers associated to the intake valves of the two different cylinders.

Abstract: A slide type continuous variable valve lift (CVVL) device includes a swing arm rotating to press a valve; a cam lobe; a roller transmitting a driving force of the cam lobe to the swing arm; and a guide guiding the roller to move along a predetermined path. The CVVL device generally can minimize the number of places where sliding friction between respective parts may occur to minimize power loss and enable more precise operation control, reduce the number of parts to enhance the overall robustness of the device, and advance the time of maximum valve opening to improve the fuel efficiency of an engine.

Abstract: A continuously variable valve actuation (CVVA) system may include a driving cam rotated by a driving force transmitted from a crankshaft, and a driven cam pressed by the driving cam to be rotated around a first end thereof serving as a rotational axle of the driven cam, wherein the driven cam has a cam face at a second end thereof so as to press and open a valve when rotated, and wherein a vertical distance between the rotational axis of the first end of the driven cam and a rotational axis of the driving cam is configured to be adjusted by moving a position of the rotational axis of the first end of the driven cam.

Abstract: An engine assembly may include a cylinder head defining an engine coolant reservoir, a pressurized fluid supply, a valve actuation assembly, and a hydraulic fluid reservoir. The valve actuation assembly may be in fluid communication with the pressurized fluid supply and may include a valve member displaceable by a force applied by the pressurized fluid supply. The hydraulic fluid reservoir may be in fluid communication with the valve actuation assembly and in a heat exchange relation to the engine coolant reservoir.

Abstract: A variable valve control apparatus includes an oscillating arm and a pivot lever pivotably mounted to each other via a swivel joint. A first roller, which is rotatably mounted on an arm of the pivot lever engages with the camming surface of a cam, while a second roller which is rotatably mounted on another arm of the pivot lever makes contact with a contact surface of an arcuate sliding block disposed within a housing of the valve control apparatus. The contact surface of the sliding block includes a first region which has an arcuate contour, and a radius that is centered on a pivot axis of the swivel joint when the valve is in the closed position, as well as a second region which adjoins the first region and has a curved spur that extends inwardly toward the swivel joint.

Abstract: In a variable intake apparatus for a V-type internal combustion engine, each of plural intake pipes is separated from a surge tank by a partition wall, and communication ports, provided in the partition wall for the respective intake pipes, are opened and closed by respective variable intake valves to adjust length of intake passages. The variable intake valves in one of two parallel rows are offset from the variable intake valves in the other row. The variable intake valves are opened and closed by turning the turning shafts to which the variable intake valves are connected. Further, a synchronization mechanism synchronously turns the turning shafts (5a; 5b), and is connected between the paired turning shafts. The turning motion of one turning shaft is transmitted to the other turning shaft via the synchronization mechanism, and the variable intake valves are synchronously opened and closed.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are disclosed for converting an internal combustion engine from a normal engine operation (20) to an engine braking operation (10). The engine includes exhaust valve train components comprising at least one exhaust valve (300) and at least one cam (230) for cyclically opening and closing the at least one exhaust valve (300). The apparatus comprises actuation means (100) having at least one component integrated into at least one of the exhaust valve train components, such as a rocker arm (210) or a valve bridge (400). The actuation means (100) has an inoperative position and an operative position. In the inoperative position, the actuation means (100) is retracted and the small braking cam lobes (232 & 233) are skipped to generate a main valve lift profile (220m) for the normal engine operation (20).

Abstract: A variable valve actuating apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes: a control shaft rotatably supported through a bearing to a body of the engine, and arranged to rotate about a center axis to control an operating state of an engine valve, the control shaft including; a control cam having a center which is off the center axis of the control shaft in a first direction; and a journal portion rotatably supported by the bearing, the journal portion having a center axis which is off the center axis of the control shaft in a second direction different from the first direction of the control cam.

Abstract: A lift of a valve of an engine may continuously be varied by an apparatus that includes: an input cam provided on an input shaft; a pivot shaft provided in parallel with the input shaft; a lever that rotates around the pivot shaft by a rotation of the input cam and operates the valve; and a lift varying device capable of varying a relative distance between the pivot shaft and the input shaft.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine valve mechanism including a rocker arm, which includes a bearing section and a rocker roller, and an HLA. The HLA has a pivot, which is to be inserted into the bearing section, and supports one end of the rocker arm. The pivot has a spherically curved surface, whereas the bearing section has a shell-shaped dent. A swing arm rotates in synchronism with camshaft rotation and gives roller pressure force to the rocker roller. The direction in which the swing arm presses the rocker roller shifts toward the HLA when the lift of a valve disc increases. An osculating circle is inclined by inclining the axis of the bearing section at an angle of ?° relative to the axis of the HLA.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: a variable valve train mechanism, configured to receive a cam displacement of an inlet cam so as to vary a driving output for driving an inlet valve continuously from a maximum valve lift to a minimum valve lift so as to match the driving output with a running condition of the internal combustion engine; and a control part, configured to control the variable valve train mechanism so as to set a valve lift of the inlet valve to a starter valve lift when starting the internal combustion engine in a cold state. The starter valve lift is formed so that a valve opening period of the inlet valve is set to encompass an overall area of an induction stroke period of the internal combustion engine from a top dead center to a bottom dead center of the induction stroke period.

Abstract: A variable valve actuating apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes an intake valve operating angle varying mechanism, an intake valve timing varying mechanism, and an exhaust valve timing varying mechanism. Before startup of the engine, the intake valve operating angle varying mechanism holds an intake valve operating angle at an intermediate value, the intake valve timing varying mechanism holds intake valve opening and closing timings most advanced, and the exhaust valve timing varying mechanism holds exhaust valve opening and closing timings most retarded.

Abstract: A variable valve device is constructed to prevent inclination of a sliding surface of a high speed rocker arm. In an engagement surface where a connecting pin and the engagement portion of a high speed rocker arm are in contact, the center of the width of the surface in the direction of the cam shaft is provided closer to the high speed rocker arm than the center of the width in the direction of the camshaft of a cam contact surface where the high speed cam and the sliding surface of the high speed rocker arm are in contact. The low speed rocker arm includes a cam receiver and a connecting portion. The width of the connecting portion is larger than that of the cam receiver. The side surface of the connecting portion projects beyond the side surface of the cam receiver. The high speed rocker arm includes a cam receiver and a connecting portion.

Abstract: A variable valve lift apparatus of an engine includes: a control shaft; a driving arm rotatable around the control shaft by a cam of a camshaft; a first rocker arm rotatable around the control shaft, that is operated by the driving arm so as to drive a first valve through a first swing arm; a second rocker arm rotatable around the control shaft, that is operated by the driving arm so as to drive a second valve through a second swing arm; and a mediating device rotatable around the control shaft, that transmits a movement of the driving arm to the first and second rocker arms.

Abstract: A valve actuating system determines a shape of its jam nut surface as a function of a resultant force on a ball stud exerted by a rocker arm on the ball stud during operation of the valve train. The contact surface of the jam nut, which is pressed against an associated surface of the head of an engine, is a conical surface with an included angle that is generally twice the magnitude of an angle between a resultant force on the ball stud and a central axis of the ball stud and its associated jam nut. Certain accommodations can be made in order to reduce the cost of the system that would occur if perfect mathematical preciseness with a most preferred embodiment of the present invention is employed.

Abstract: An engine having a continuously variable valve lift system, may include a camshaft having an input cam formed at one side thereof, wherein the camshaft is mounted on a cylinder head, a drum shaft that is disposed with a predetermined distance from the camshaft, wherein a swing arm is rotatably mounted at one side thereof, a control shaft that is disposed with a predetermined distance from the drum shaft, wherein a control cam that varies a position of the drum shaft is formed thereto, an output cam that is rotatably mounted on the camshaft and is connected to and moved by the swing arm, such that the output cam variably lifts a valve mounted in the cylinder head according to a position of the drum shaft,

Abstract: A variable valve lift apparatus may include an outer tappet body of which a latching portion connecting hole and an outer tappet body guide hole may be formed therewithin, an inner tappet body of which an inner tappet body guide hole may be formed therewithin and slidably disposed within the outer tappet body, a latching portion which may be disposed within the inner tappet body guide hole and selectively coupled to the latching portion connecting hole, a latching portion support pin which guides the latching portion along a longitudinal direction of the inner tappet body guide hole and may be connected to the inner tappet body, a hydraulic pressure chamber, and a plunger which may be slidably disposed in the outer tappet body guide hole and selectively inserts the latching portion into the latching portion connecting hole according to the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic pressure chamber.

Abstract: A valve stopping mechanism wherein when hydraulic fluid pressure is low a cylinder operating state is set and a response of a switch from a cylinder stop state to the cylinder operating state is high. An intake valve and an exhaust valve, a first intake valve spring and a first exhaust valve spring are provided for energizing the valves in the direction of closing the valves, valve drive cams, valve stopping mechanisms, on the basis of a stop hydraulic fluid pressure and energization of plunger springs, for selectively generating valve operating and valve stop states. The valve stopping mechanism generates the operating state when the energizing force of the plunger spring is larger than the press force of the stop hydraulic fluid pressure and generates the stop state when the press force of the stop hydraulic fluid pressure is larger than the energizing force of the plunger spring.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable valve mechanism which includes a camshaft having a drive cam, a rocker shaft provided parallel to the camshaft, and a variable mechanism that is provided on the rocker shaft and interposed between the drive cam and a valve, and that changes an opening/closing amount of the valve. The variable mechanism includes a main arm that engages with the drive cam, a cam arm that has a cam surface pressing the valve, a control cam that is provided on the rocker shaft, and has an outer peripheral surface whose distance from a shaft center of the rocker shaft varies gradually, and a displacement member whose distance from the shaft center is changed by turning of the control cam. A relative phase between the main arm and the cam arm is displaced as the distance between the displacement member and the shaft center changes.

Abstract: A V-type engine for a vehicle is provided with front and rear banks including intake and exhaust valves exposed to a combustion chamber, a valve operating device for operating the engine valves, a valve stop mechanism for stopping the operation of the engine valves according to an operational condition of the vehicle, and an actuator for driving a throttle valve. A valve stop mechanism is provided in either the front bank or the rear bank. An actuator provided in one of the front bank and the rear bank excluding the valve stop mechanism is lower in height than the actuator provided in the other of the front bank.

Abstract: A simpler configuration of a mechanism for stopping intake/exhaust valves opened/closed by a valve opening/closing mechanism of a rocker arm. An engine E includes an exhaust valve for opening/closing an exhaust port of an exhaust path with a first exhaust valve spring for energizing the exhaust valve in a valve closing direction. An exhaust valve drive cam is rotated in correspondence with the rotation of an engine crankshaft. A rocker arm is swingably provided between the exhaust valve and the exhaust valve drive cam with one end that abuts on the exhaust valve drive cam being pressed according to rotation of the exhaust valve drive cam and swinging to press the exhaust valve by a press member at the other end to move to the open side. An exhaust valve stopping mechanism is provided between the press member of the rocker arm and the exhaust valve.

Abstract: A continuously variable valve lift system for an engine may include a driving cam fixed to a camshaft, a control shaft disposed in parallel to the camshaft with a predetermined distance, an upper rocker arm, one end of which is rotatably coupled to the control shaft and the other end of which is slidably contacted to and rotated by the driving cam, lower rocker arm that is selectively pushed by the upper rocker arm and selectively pushes a valve, rocker arm follower slidably coupled to the lower rocker arm and contacting the upper rocker arm, wherein the rocker arm follower transmits an operational force of the upper rocker arm to the lower rocker arm, and a variable mechanism that changes contact point of the rocker arm follower and the upper rocker arm according to rotation of the control shaft.

Abstract: A continuously variable valve lift apparatus may include a control shaft, a camshaft in which a cam is formed thereto, an eccentric member connected to the control shaft, a follower slidably contacting the cam, a follower arm that is extended from a follower ring mounted around the eccentric member, a variable ring slidably mounted on the eccentric member and a variable arm extended from the variable ring, an output ring slidably mounted on the control shaft and an output arm extended from the output ring, wherein an output cam is integrally formed to the output arm and an end portion of the output cam is pivotally coupled to one end portion of the output arm, a first link pivotally connecting the follower arm and the variable arm, and a second link pivotally connecting the variable arm and the output arm.

Abstract: A valve train of an internal combustion engine is provided with a plurality of camshaft supports arranged on a support member of the engine, and a camshaft is supported on the camshaft supports. The camshaft has valve operating cams thereon for opening and closing engine valves of engine. A torque reducing mechanism is provided to apply a counter torque to the camshaft to suppress torque fluctuation of the camshaft caused by reaction forces applied to the cams by the engine valves. The torque reducing mechanism has a rotating member that rotates together with the camshaft, and a counterforce applying member for applying a counterforce to the rotating member to apply a counter torque to the camshaft. The counterforce applying member is supported on a connecting member connecting adjacent ones of the camshaft supports.

Abstract: A valve drive with a decompression brake for an internal combustion engine, which has a camshaft with a cam, a rocker arm for transmitting the cam stroke to a gas exchange valve, a pivot bearing supporting the rocker arm, and a hydraulic valve play compensating element arranged in force flow between the cam and gas exchange valve. The valve play compensating element is fixed in the engine and valve drive also has a secondary lever with a first and second lever section. The secondary lever is angularly connected, between the lever sections, to a lever support formed on the rocker arm, is supported with the first lever section on the valve play compensating element and actuates the gas exchange valve by the second lever section. The effective lever arm of the first lever section is considerably greater than the effective lever arm of the second lever section.

Abstract: A cylinder head of an internal combustion engine is fitted with rocker arms. Camshafts are disposed so that the rocker arms and cams will be brought into contact with each other. The camshafts are rotatably supported by lower bearings, which supports the camshafts from below, and by upper bearings integrated with a head cover. The head cover is provided with visual observation windows that make it possible to see valve system parts through the head cover. A visual observation window covers for covering the visual observation windows are fixed to the head cover.

Abstract: An engine has a cylinder block mounted on a crankcase and a cylinder head mounted on the cylinder block. The cylinder head has one side forming an intake port and an intake valve and another side forming an exhaust port and an exhaust valve. A camshaft includes an intake cam assembly and an the exhaust cam assembly, which respectively drive an intake valve driving member and an exhaust valve driving member. The intake cam assembly includes a first intake cam and a second intake cam. The intake valve driving member includes a low lift driving member corresponding to the first intake cam and a high lift driving member corresponding to the second intake cam. The low lift driving member and the high lift driving member form a hydraulic cylinder, which receives therein hydraulically operable pistons.

Abstract: A hydraulic pressure control apparatus of a variable valve system may include a variable valve device for controlling lift characteristics of a valve, a hydraulic pressure control pipe in which an slot is formed from the interior toward the exterior and hydraulic pressure is supplied to the inside thereof, and a driving unit for rotating the hydraulic pressure control pipe, wherein the hydraulic pressure is selectively transferred to the variable valve through the slot according to a rotation of the hydraulic pressure control pipe.

Abstract: When a valve timing is held, even if a Duty value of an operational signal of a variable valve timing controller is slightly changed, a holding unresponsive range will be arisen. In the unresponsive range, a variation speed of the valve timing is very small. As temperature is decreased, the unresponsive range is extended and an individual difference becomes notable. While the valve timing is held, a computer learns a deviation amount of a response characteristic of the valve timing based on a variation speed of the valve timing when the Duty value is slightly changed from the holding unresponsive range to outside thereof.

Abstract: In a control apparatus of a supercharged internal combustion engine, a variable valve actuation system interacts with an engine control system. A controller is configured or programmed to increase an intake-valve lift by a variable valve lift mechanism, which is provided for variably controlling at least the intake-valve lift of engine valves, when starting from a vehicle stand-still state or when accelerating from an idling state or a light load state. The controller is further configured or programmed to increase a valve overlap of intake and exhaust valves by a variable phase control mechanism, which is provided for variably phase-shifting a central phase angle of a valve lift characteristic curve of at least one of the intake and exhaust valves, while increasing a boost pressure of intake air introduced into an engine cylinder by a supercharging device, after the intake-valve lift has been increased.

Abstract: An engine having a variable valve mechanism arranged to switch a lift degree of a valve between a low speed state and a high speed state includes a cam carrier defined by a cam bearing portion, a rocker shaft support, and a hydraulic cylinder support. The cam bearing portion is provided on a line passing through the bore center of a cylinder in a plane perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the camshaft. The low speed rocker arm swings in response to the low speed cam of the camshaft. The high speed rocker arm swings in response to the high speed cam of the camshaft. The low speed rocker arm includes a through hole. A connecting pin is slidably inserted into the through hole and urged toward the hydraulic cylinder support. A hydraulic cylinder is provided in the hydraulic cylinder support.

Abstract: A valve lever assembly having a switchable valve actuating mechanism comprises a first follower surface for following a first cam, at least one second follower surface for following a second cam and a valve lever, which is supported on an engine-affixed component and on the to-be-actuated valve, wherein the second follower surface is rotatable relative to the first follower surface by a lockable eccentric device borne on the valve lever and the eccentric device comprises an eccentric opening, which penetrates transversely through the valve lever and is fixed relative to the valve lever to as to rotate therewith, and an eccentric shaft rotatably borne in the eccentric opening, the eccentric shaft defining the position of the second follower surface.

Abstract: An engine intake control apparatus for an engine that comprises at least one combustion chamber operatively connected to an intake port and an intake valve associated with each intake port, wherein the intake valve is adapted to open and close the intake port is disclosed herein. The intake control apparatus comprises a variable valve operating mechanism and a controller. The variable valve operating mechanism is configured and arranged to selectively change a valve closing timing and a valve lift amount of the intake valve. The controller is configured and arranged to control the variable valve operating mechanism when the engine is in a low load condition. The valve closing timing is determined such that an actual compression ratio of the engine is reduced relative to the actual compression ratio when the engine is operating in a high load condition. The valve lift amount is smaller when the engine is in the low load condition relative to the valve lift amount when the engine is in the high load condition.